Chapter I

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

The field of education is dynamic and constantly evolving to meet the

changing needs of society. In line with this, the Department of Education (DepEd)

plays a crucial role in shaping the educational landscape. In 2022, DepEd issued

Order No. 49, a significant directive that aimed to address various aspects of the

educational system. Ever since students started on their education to study and

learn, teachers are the “second parents” or “second role models” besides our

parents. As teachers, they provide education, competence, and guidance to

students. They teach not only academic knowledge but also the discipline that

children need to become responsible and productive citizens.

Based on the study of Ali Ibrahim and Wafaa El Zaatari (2019),

relationships based on care, trust, respect, affect, openness, and cooperation

can foster student achievement, identity development, and school belonging and

teacher accountability.

The Philippine educational system has undergone significant reforms in

recent years to enhance the quality of education and align it with global

standards. DepEd Order No. 49 Series of 2022 serves as a ‘reminder’ to adhere

properly to the rules of civil service. The order has two objectives: to depoliticize

the department and promote professionalism among its personnel. It also

advises DepEd employees and officials to avoid relationships, communication,

and interaction, including social media, with students outside the school unless

they are relatives.

In a press conference, the command wishes to maintain the boundary

between teachers and students: they may communicate with each other

personally or online, but only within the confines of the classroom. The

interaction between teachers and students is highly valuable as it is a critical part

of the teaching and learning process. According to Agyekum's research (2019),

positive interaction between teachers and students leads to improved learning

and the development of a student.

Our research focuses on examining the consequences of implementing

DepEd Order No. 49 Series of 2022 at San Jose City National High School.

Senior High School, which has resulted in limitations, on teacher student

communication. By gathering data we hope to gain insights into how DepEd

Order No. 49 Series of 2022 has affected the teachers at San Jose City National

High School. Senior High School and draw an analysis, from it.

Statement of the Problem

 Are there agreements or discussions in place to abolish student-teacher

interactions on social media platforms?

 What alternative communication channels are currently available for students

and teachers?
 How effective are these alternative communication methods in facilitating

interaction between students and teachers?

Significance of the Study

This research aims to contribute knowledge regarding the potential effects of

DepEd Order No. 49 Series of 2022 on the teachers of San Jose City National

High School - Senior High School.

1. For Teachers:

For teachers, this study serves as a tool to raise awareness of the

potential effects of DepEd Order on their students. It helps them

understand the needs and reactions of their students to the policy change.

With sufficient knowledge, they can be more prepared to provide support

and guidance to their students, especially during the period of adjustment

to the new communication system.

2. For Parents and Guardians:

For parents and guardians, this study provides insights into the

quality of education their children receive, the dynamics of teacher-student

interactions, and potential long-term educational outcomes. This

knowledge allows them to make informed decisions, engage in

constructive discussions with schools, and advocate for their children's

 educational needs, contributing to a collaborative and supportive

educational environment at home and in school.

3. For Future Researchers:

For future researchers, this study can leverage this knowledge to

contribute to discussions on educational reform, teacher well-being, and

the optimization of professional development programs. Additionally, it

provides a basis for understanding the broader implications of policy

implementation, facilitating the continuous improvement of education

systems by identifying areas of strength and weakness.

Scope and Delimitation

This study is about the effects of DepEd Order No. 29 Series of 2022 on

the teachers of San Jose City National High School - Senior High School. It

focuses solely on the potential effects or changes on the teachers. This research

is intended only for the teachers of San Jose City National High School - Senior

High School, and it aims to gather 12 respondents. It was conducted during the

first semester of the academic year 2023-2024.