HAZARD

IDENTIFICATION
AND RISK
ASSESSMENT &
RISK CONTROL
ISO 45001: 2018 - Clause: 6.1.2
Prepared By:
Business Excellence
Agenda

Hazard identification

Types of Hazards

Risk assessment

Hierarchy of Controls

Risk Evaluation criteria

Review Mechanism
 Hazard, Risk & Accident

❖ HAZARD:
• Anything (a situation, a substance or a condition)
that has the potential or ability to cause harm.
We must always be seeking to identify hazards in
the workplace and once identified, prevent those
hazards from causing us harm.
❖ RISK:
• The chance or likelihood that a HAZARD will cause
you a problem or injury & how severe the harm
will be. When faced with a HAZARD.
• Will help assess what action is required to
prevent an accident from occurring that could
result in injury.
❖ ACCIDENTS:
• Unplanned events that result in injuries or
property damage.
Hazard Vs Risk
 Hazard Identification
❖ Hazard identification information sources:

Incident injury
illness Report
Health &
Accident
Environment
investigation
monitoring

Employees/
Team Associate
Consultant complainants &
observation

Hazard
Workplace identification
Safety Audits
inspections information
sources
 Hazard Identification

❖ Inputs shall be considered during initial identification of Hazard

✓ Routine and non-routine activities.

✓ Activities of all persons having access to the workplace (including contractors and visitors)
✓ Human behavior, capabilities and other human factors.
✓ Identified hazards originating outside the workplace capable of adversely affecting the health and safety of
persons under the control of the organization within the workplace.
✓ Hazards created in the vicinity of the workplace by work-related activities under the control of the
organization
✓ Infrastructure, equipment and materials at the workplace, whether provided by the organization or others.
✓ Changes or proposed changes in the organization, its activities, or materials.
✓ Modifications to the OH&S management system, including temporary changes, and their impacts on
operations, processes, and activities.
✓ Any applicable legal obligations relating to risk assessment and implementation of necessary controls.
✓ The design of work area, processes, installations, machinery / equipment, operating procedures and work
organization, including their adaptation to human capabilities.
Top 6- killer Risk
Types of Hazards

Electrical

Ergonomic Mechanical

Types of
Hazards
Biological Physical

Chemical
Types of Hazards
 HIRAC Format
Arcelor Mittal Nippon Steel India Limited (AMNSIL)
Plant Name :
Ref No. AMNSIL/Dept/16.7/HIRAC

HAZARD IDENTIFICATION, RISK ASSESSMENT & DETERMINING RISK CONTROL WORKSHEET

Rev No. 0

Relevant Standards/ Codes, if any

Issued By: Effective Date:

Approved By: Review Date:

Sr. No. Activity Risk Identification Residual Risk Assessment Incase ALARP is NO Residual Risk Assessment
(After the Action Plan)

Is Risk aceptable? (ALARP )-

Over riding factor (LC/ DC)

additional control required

Hazards Condition Adequacy of

Competency's required
Nature of Risk Severity
Measure
Who may get affected
or exposed due to the
material)/ Source, or

Yes/No
Risk priotization
How Likely? (L)
Category of Hazard

How Likely? (L)

(Sudden release of

situation, act, what

Hazard Identified

RPN (L x S)

RPN (L x S)
Severity (S)

Severity (S)
may go wrong
energy or haz

Gaps, if any
(OH / S)
hazard

Existing
R/NR
D/I
 Risk Assessment Criteria

DETERMINING RISK LIKELIHOOD – GUIDANCE CRITERIA

Likelihood Degree of Adequacy of control measures

If almost no gap exists in control of the identified OHS hazard as technology, operational control,
Highly Unlikely (1)
competence, measurement monitoring in place

Unlikely (2) If there is any minor gap / weakness in control of the identified OHS hazard

There are unreasonable gaps in control of the identified OHS hazard with respect to adoption of
Likely(3)
technology, operational control, measurement monitoring and competence

There are unreasonable major gaps in control of the identified OHS hazard with respect to adoption of
Very Likely (4)
technology, operational control, measurement monitoring and competence

There are almost no controls in place in controlling the identified OHS hazard and have occurred in the
Certain(5)
past but ignored.
Hierarchy of Controls
Hierarchy of Controls
 Risk Assessment Criteria
DETERMINING RISK SEVERITY DESCRIPTION– GUIDANCE CRITERIA
Category S-1 S-2 S-3 S-4 S-5

Fatality or permanent disability,

Safety FAC MTC, RWC (Injury or illness beyond first aid) LTI (48 hours away from work) Multiple Fatalities
multiple serious injuries

Health
Environment
Business Interruption
Property Damage
Regulator
Brand / Reputation
Customer, Quality & Energy objective
Energy Consumption/ Energy Efficiency
>10% but <50% OEL for CMRS; >50% but
<100% OEL for irritants. Frequent noise
Exposure < 10% OEL; <80 dBA for noise.
exposure >80 dBA but <85 dBA.(CMR -
Carcinogenic, Mutagenic, Reprotoxic)
Minor release of
materials within the
Minor Impact within the unit plant boundary but no
environmental Impact to
outside
> 8 hour,
< 8 hour
but < 1 day
0 (No damage) < 10 Lakhs (Minor damage)
caution letter Warning
Intra industry knowledge of incident
Minimal Impact on reputation
without media attention
Near 100% satisfaction of customer
requirements expected, negligible impact
No Impact
on companies objective w.r.t. quality &
objective
Low Energy Consumption i.e. (<30%) of the
Very low Energy Consumption i.e. (<15%) entire department /
of the entire department /
Medium effect on Energy Efficiency (60-
High effect on Energy Efficiency (>80%)
80%)
Frequently >OEL for CMRS; >10 Frequently >10 times OEL CMRS;
times the OEL for irritants; sensitization; hearing loss; permanent
Threshold shifts; >50% but <OEL for CMRS;
muscle strain/sprain with lost health effects; severe but routinely
>OEL for irritants; muscle strain/sprain
time; exposure event; BBP treatable BPP/infectious disease diagnosis
exposure event (not including seasonal flu, common cold)
Major release makes
Release with effect to outside plant
impact to Massive impact to
boundary environment
environment & media coverage
>1 day > 10 days,
> 30 days
but < 10 days but < 30days
10 lakhs-2 Cr (Moderate damage) 2 Cr - 20 Cr (Severe damages) > 20 Cr (Critical damage)
For less than a year which impairs For about a year which impairs For long run (over a year) which impairs
Company's operations Company's operations Company's operations
Adverse local media - Concerns on -Adverse global media coverage
-Adverse National media
performance by financial analysts or - Major loss of shareholder support
coverage
shareholders - Major boycott campaign
Unable to fully satisfy all customer
requirements
(Quantity/Quality/Delivery). Customer will Shortfall in satisfying critical Significant Shortfall in satisfying critical
experience limited impact. Marginal non customer requirements. customer requirements.
compliance to company objective w.r.t (Quantity/Quality/Delivery). (Quantity/Quality/Delivery).
quality & energy- may be achieve with
additional resources.
High Energy Consumption i.e.
Medium Energy Consumption i.e. (<60% to (<80% to >60%) of the entire High Energy Consumption i.e. (>80%) of the
>30%) of the entire department / department / entire department /
Less effect on Energy Efficiency (30-60 %) Very less effect on Energy Low effect on Energy Efficiency (<30%)
Efficiency (<60% to >3%0)
 Risk Assessment Criteria

RISK ASSESSMENT MATRIX (RAM)

Severity Insignificant SLIGHTLY HARMFUL (2) HARMFUL VERY HARMFUL EXTREMELY HARMFUL

Likelihood (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

HIGHLY UNLIKELY (1) TOLERABLE (1) TOLERABLE (2) TOLERABLE (3) TOLERABLE (4) MODERATE (5)

UNLIKELY (2) TOLERABLE (2) TOLERABLE (4) MODERATE (6) MODERATE (8) SUBSTANTIAL (10)

LIKELY (3) TOLERABLE (3) MODERATE (6) MODERATE (9) SUBSTANTIAL (12) SUBSTANTIAL (15)

VERY LIKELY (4) TOLERABLE (4) MODERATE (8) SUBSTANTIAL (12) SUBSTANTIAL (16) INTOLERABLE (20)

CERTAIN (5) MODERATE (5) SUBSTANTIAL (10) SUBSTANTIAL (15) INTOLERABLE (20) INTOLERABLE (25)

Note: Cut off RPN -10

 Risk Assessment Criteria

DEFINITION OF LEVEL OF IMPACT / RISKS

Risk Level Risk Category Action and Time Scale

No action is required, and no documentary record needs to be kept.

ACCEPTABLE
TOLERABLE No additional controls are required. Consideration may be given to a more cost-effective solution or
improvement that imposes no additional cost burden. Monitoring is required to ensure that the controls are
maintained.

Efforts should be made to reduce the risk, but the cost of prevention should be carefully measured and limited.
MODERATE ALARP
Risk reduction measures should be implemented.
UN ACCEPTABLE

Work should not be started until the impact / risk has been reduced. Considerable resources may have to be
SUBSTANTIAL
allocated to reduce the impact / risk where the risk involves work in progress, urgent action should be taken.

Urgent action should be taken. Work should not be started or continued until the impact / risk has been
INTOLERABLE
reduced.
HIRAC

HIRAC Format
 Review Mechanism

✓ If any changes done in processes / activities which have / can have impact on health and safety
✓ Amendments / addition in legal and corporate requirements
✓ Change in process or products handled
✓ Internal and external audit results, including Corporate and Specialized Audits
✓ Occurrence of accident, emergency, 'near misses'
✓ while initiating any corrective and preventive action
✓ while purchasing and erecting any new equipment / machinery / building
✓ major changes in facilities, equipment consuming energy, systems, or processes.
✓ Planned or new developments; new or modified activities, products or services

Note: Review HIRAC every SIX months and as & when

incident occurs