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Strategi Menuju Pariwisata Bali Yang Berkualitas: I Gusti Bagus Rai Utama
Strategi Menuju Pariwisata Bali Yang Berkualitas: I Gusti Bagus Rai Utama
yang Berkualitas
Abstract
The nature and culture of Bali with all their manifestations
have yet to be able to attract tourists of high quality, even
though the Balinese culture is undoubtedly popular in
the international tourism arena. This article offers quality
tourism management strategies in order to realize tourists’
satisfaction, which in turn is hoped to increase the visit
of quality and loyal tourists in the future. This study
utilizes desk research method with online data collection
and information gathering technique, using secondary
sources and other published scientific sources. Analytical
techniques utilized include quantitative and qualitative
descriptive analysis, and comparative analysis of previous
research and scientific publications related to the economic
and business dimensions of tourism. This research
recommends that the implementation of quality tourism
management for Bali is of urgent importance because Bali’s
development has been relying on the tourism sector. There
are five dimensions of quality offered to Bali’s tourism
operators, ordered based on the important values for
tourism customers: (1) tangible proof, (2) reliability, (3)
responsiveness, (4) assurance, (5) empathy, which includes
the ease of building relationships, good communication,
attentiveness, and understanding the needs of customers
where the hospitality and politeness of the Balinese people
1 I Gusti Bagus Rai Utama adalah dosen tetap (sejak 2001) pada Program Studi Manaje-
men di Universitas Dhyana Pura. Sejak 2013, menjabat sebagai Wakil Rektor Bidang
Akademik dan Kemahasiswaan Universitas Dhyana Pura. Pernah menjadi Dekan
Fakultas Ekonomika dan Humaniora Universitas Dhyana Pura (2011-2013). Saat ini,
sedang menempuh program Doktor Pariwisata di Universitas Udayana. Aktif sebagai
penulis opini pada harian Bali Post dan media publikasi populer lainnya. Bidang Ka-
jian yang digelutinya adalah Ekonomi dan Pariwisata. Email: igustibagusraiutama@
gmail.com dan blog www.tourismbali.wordpress.com
Pendahuluan
Grafik. 1
Pertumbuhan Wisatawan Internasional Tahun 2004 – 2011
Sumber: International tourism, number of arrivals (World Bank, 2013)
Tabel.1
Posisi Indonesia pada Jumlah Wisatawan Dunia
NO 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
World 786.290.623 832.133.303 876.402.085 939.044.143 956.486.698 916.716.749 977.971.563 1.025.343.606
1 France 74.433.000 74.988.000 77.916.000 80.853.000 79.218.000 76.764.000 77.648.000 81.411.000
2 United States 46.086.000 49.206.000 50.977.000 55.978.000 57.942.000 54.962.000 59.796.000 62.711.000
3 China 41.761.000 46.809.000 49.913.000 54.720.000 53.049.000 50.875.000 55.664.000 57.581.000
4 Spain 52.430.000 55.914.000 58.004.000 58.666.000 57.192.000 52.178.000 52.677.000 56.694.000
5 Italy 37.071.000 36.513.000 41.058.000 43.654.000 42.734.000 43.239.000 43.626.000 46.119.000
6 Turkey 16.826.000 20.273.000 18.916.000 26.122.000 29.637.000 30.435.000 31.396.000 34.038.000
7 United Kingdom 25.678.000 28.039.000 30.654.000 30.870.000 30.142.000 28.199.000 28.295.000 29.306.000
8 Germany 20.137.000 21.500.000 23.569.000 24.421.000 24.884.000 24.220.000 26.875.000 28.374.000
9 Malaysia 15.703.000 16.431.000 17.547.000 20.973.000 22.052.000 23.646.000 24.577.000 24.714.000
10 Mexico 20.618.000 21.915.000 21.353.000 21.606.000 22.931.000 22.346.000 23.290.000 23.403.000
38 Indonesia 5.321.000 5.002.000 4.871.000 5.506.000 6.234.000 6.324.000 7.003.000 7.650.000
Grafik. 2
Kunjungan langsung wisatawan Mancanegara ke Bali Tahun
1994 – 2012
Tabel.2
Hotel Berbintang di Bali Menurut Lokasi dan Kelas Hotel
Kelas Hotel
Kabupaten / Kota Bintang Bintang Bintang Bintang Bintang Jumlah
5 4 3 2 1
1. Jembrana 0 0 2 0 0 2
2. Tabanan 2 0 1 0 0 3
3. Badung 39 44 32 13 12 140
4. Gianyar 6 7 2 1 2 18
5. Klungkung 0 0 2 1 1 4
6. Bangl i 0 0 0 0 0 0
7. Karangase 1 2 3 1 1 8
8. Buleleng 1 2 6 3 2 14
9. Denpasar 3 4 11 6 5 29
J uml a h:
2012 52 59 59 25 23 218
2011 51 53 52 23 19 198
2010 37 48 35 26 9 155
2009 37 41 35 27 9 149
2008 37 28 39 35 11 150
Sumber: Bali Dalam Angka 2013
Tabel. 4
Hubungan Faktor Penentu Kualitas Jasa dan Persepsi
Wisatawan tentang Bali
Factor Dimensi Suradnya (2005) Disparda Bali (2005; 2012)
Reliability Reliability Citra (image) atau nama image/citra tentang Bali, 48,54%
besar Bali kedatangan wisatawan ke Bali
sesuai dengan harapannya
Responsiveness Responsiveness Kenyamanan berwisata Data tidak tersedia
di Bali
Kesempatan luas untuk
relaksasi
Competence Assurance Harga-harga produk Data tidak tersedia
wisata yang wajar
Security
Courtesy
Credibility
Communication Empaty Keramahan penduduk Data tidak tersedia
Bali
Understanding
Tangibles Tangibles Budaya dalam berbagai Alam Bali dianggap masih asli
bentuk manifestasinya , sebesar 84%.
Access Pantai dengan segala
daya tariknya ,
Keindahan alam
Sumber: Tjiptono (1996), Suradnya (2005), dan Disparda Bali (2005; 2013)
Akomodasi dan
Investor pendukung (amenities) Wisatawan
(quality of (quality of
profit) experiences)
Destinasi
Transportasi Organisasi dan
Pariwisata
(accesibilties) Bali lembaga
(attraction) pendukung
(ancileries)
Masyarakat
(quality of
life)
Gambar.1
Model Ideal Pengembangan Pariwisata Berkualitas
Dimodifikasi dari Postma, 2007
DAFTAR PUSTAKA