PURE SUBSTANCE AND MIXTURES

MATTER

•Matter is anything that has mass and takes

up space
•Matter can be classified into 2 categories:
•Pure substances
•Mixtures
 PURE SUBSTANCE

• A pure substance is sample of matter that has

definite chemical and physical properties such
as appearance, melting point and reactivity
• Always has the same properties no matter how
much of the substance you have
• Ex. Copper (element) and water (compound)
• 2 types of pure substances:
• Elements:
• Pure substance that can’t be separated into a simpler
substance by physical or chemical means
• Only contains one type of atom
• Ex. Gold
• Compounds:
• Pure substance made up of two or more different
elements joined by chemical bonds
• Made of elements in a specific ratio that is always the
same
• Has a chemical formula (H2O and CO2)
• Can only be separated by chemical means
• Ex. water
 MIXTURES

• A mixture is a combination of 2 or more

pure substances that are combined
physically and not chemically
• No chemical change takes place
• Each item retains its properties in the
mixture
• They can be separated physically
• Ex. Gold flakes in water 
• Take a few minutes with your
partner and think of other
mixtures you come across
 MIXTURES CONTINUED…

• NOT pure substances

• Do NOT have definite properties
• Ex. A pizza can have different ingredients
• Can be separated physically, but it’s not
always easy
• Ex.You can pick the ingredients off of the
pizza if you want
• Ex. Salt water
• Mixtures can be heterogeneous or
homogeneous
 HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURE
• Does not have a uniform composition
• Ex. A scoop of dirt may have different kinds of particles
in it
• 2 Types:
• Suspension: Particles of a material are spread
throughout a liquid or gas too large to stay mixed
without being stirred or shaken. If the suspension
sits, then it will settle.
Ex. Snow globe
• Colloid: Particles spread out like a gas. Small and
don’t settle quickly.
• Ex. Jello and milk
 HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURE

• Has a uniform structure

• Ex. Sugar water has the same taste
all throughout
• Solutions: In a solution, one
substance is dissolved in another
substance
• Ex. Salt water, tea, etc.
 MATTER TREE MAP

• Make a matter tree map on pg. ___ in your

ISN
• Solutions notes pg. 30 in ISN
SOLUTIONS, SOLUTES AND SOLVENTS
These words need to be learned - however, be careful because
they all sound pretty similar!

Solution - the mixture formed when a substance dissolves in it

Solute - the substance that dissolves
Solvent - the liquid in the solution

Dissolve - mixing of a substance in a liquid

Soluble - a substance which can dissolve (mix in a liquid)
Insoluble - a substance which cannot dissolve (mix in a liquid)
 EXAMPLES OF SOLUBILITY…

• Salt + Water
• What is the solute, solvent and solution?
• Is salt soluble in water?

• Sand + water
• What is the solute, solvent and solution?
• Is sand soluble in water?
 SATURATION POINT

• If we keep adding salt to water, will

the salt still dissolve?
• A solution with the maximum
possible amount of solute is
saturated. If a solution contains
less than the maximum amount of
solute, it is unsaturated.
• Mixtures worksheet pg. 31