Application of Derivatives

Single Correct Type Questions 4. The function f(x) = xex(1–x), x ∈  is

1. Let f : (0, 1) → R be a function defined by  1 

1 and g(x) = (f(–x) – f(x)). Consider two
f ( x) =
1 − e− x
statements
(I) g is an increasing function in (0, 1)
(II) g is one-one in (0, 1)
Then,
(a) Only (I) is true
(b) Only (II) is true
(c) Neither (I) nor (II) is true
(d) Both (I) and (II) are true
(a) Increasing in  − ,1
 2 
1 
(b) Decreasing in  , 2 
[25 Jan, 2023 (Shift-I)] 2 
 1
(c) Increasing in  −1, − 
 2
 1 1
(d) Decreasing in  − , 
 2 2
 [28 July, 2022 (Shift-II)]
5. The number of real solutions of x7 + 5x3 + 3x + 1 = 0 is
equal to _______. [28 June, 2022 (Shift-I)]

2. Let f ( x=
) 2 x + tan x and g =
−1
( x ) loge ( 1+ x + x) , x
2 (a) 0
(b) 1
∈ [0, 3]. Then [1 February, 2023 (Shift-I)]
(a) There exists x ∈ [0, 3] such that f ′ ( x ) < g ′ ( x ) (c) 3

(b) max f(x) > max g(x) (d) 5

(c) There exist 0 < x1 < x2 < 3 such that f(x) < g(x), 6. Let f : R → R and g : R → R be two functions defined
∀x ∈ ( x1 , x2 ) 1 − 2e 2 x
by f(x) = loge (x2 + 1) – e–x + 1 and g ( x) = .
(d) min f ′ ( x ) = 1 + max g ′ ( x ) ex
Then, for which of the following range of a, the inequality
3. The surface area of a balloon of spherical shape being
  ( α − 1)2   5 
inflated increases at a constant rate. If initially, the radius   > f  g  α −   holds ?
f g
of balloon is 3 units and after 5 seconds, it becomes 7   3    3 
  
units, then its radius after 9 seconds is:  [25 June, 2022 (Shift-I)]
 [24 June, 2022 (Shift-I)]
(a) (2, 3)
(a) 9 (b) (–2, – 1)
(b) 10
(c) (1, 2)
(c) 11
(d) (–1, 1)
(d) 12

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 7. Let a function f : R → R be defined as: 11. Let f be a real valued function, defined on R–{–1, 1} and
x −1 2
x given= by f ( x ) 3log e − Then in which of the
 ∫ (5− | t − 3 |) dt , x > 4 x +1 x −1
f ( x) =  0 following intervals, function f(x) is increasing?
 2  [16 March, 2021 (Shift-II)]
 x + bx , x≤4
(a) ( −∞, ∞ ) − {−1,1}
where b∈R. If f is continuous at x = 4, then which of the
1
following statements is NOT true? (b)  −∞,  − {−1}
 2 
 [27 July, 2022 (Shift-I)]  1  
(c) ( −∞, −1) ∪   , ∞  − {1} 
(a) is not differentiable at x = 4 2  
35  1
(b) f '(3) + f '(5) = (d)  −1, 
4  2
π π
 1 12. Let f=( x ) 3sin 4 x + 10sin 3 x + 6sin 2 x − 3, x ∈  − ,  .
(c) f is increasing in  −∞,  ∪ (8, ∞)  6 2
 8
Then, f is: [25 July, 2021 (Shift-I)]
1 π
(d) f has a local minima at x = (a) decreasing in  0, 
8  2
π π
 x3 − x 2 + 10 x − 7 , x ≤ 1 (b) increasing in  − , 
8. Let f ( x ) =  2
. Then the set of  6 2
−2 x + log 2 (b − 4) , x > 1
π
(c) decreasing in  − , 0 
all values of b, for which f(x) has maximum value at x = 1,  6 
is: [26 July, 2022 (Shift-I)]  π 
(a) (–6, –2) (b) (2, 6) (d) increasing in  − , 0 
 6 
(c) [–6, –2) ∪ (2, 6] (d) [− 6, −2) ∪ (2, 6] 13. The function, f (x) = (3x – 7)x2/3, x ∈ R, is increasing for
9. Let y = y(x) be the solution of the differentialy equation all x lying in: [3 Sep, 2020 (Shift I)]
1  14  3 
(x + 1)y′ – y = e(3x + 1)2, with y (0) = . Then the point (a) (−∞, 0) ∪  , ∞  (b) (−∞, 0) ∪  , ∞ 
3  15  7 
 14   14 
4 (c)  −∞, −  ∪ ( 0, ∞ ) (d)  −∞, 
x= − for the curve y = y(x) is  15   15 
3
14. A 2 m ladder leans against a vertical wall. If the top of the
 [25 June, 2022 (Shift-I)]
ladder begins to slide down the wall at the rate 25 cm/sec.
then the rate (in cm/sec.) at which the bottom of the ladder
(a) Not a critical point
slides away from the wall on the horizontal ground when
(b) A point of local minima the top of the ladder is 1 m above the ground is:
(c) A point of local maxima  [12 April, 2019 (Shift-I)]
(d) A point of inflection (a) 25 3 (b) 25
25 25
10. Let f: R → R be defined as [24 Feb, 2021(Shift-II)] (c) (d)
3 3
−55 x, if x < −5 15. A water tank has the shape of an inverted right circular

f (=
x ) 2 x 3 − 3 x 2 − 120 x, if −5 ≤ x ≤ 4 1
2 x 3 − 3 x 2 − 36 x − 336, cone, whose semi-vertical angle is tan–1   . Water
 if x > 4, 2

is poured into it at a constant rate of 5 cubic meter per
Let A = {x∈R:f : is increasing}. Then A is equal to:
minute. Then the rate (in m/min.), at which the level of
(a) (–5, –4) ∪ (4, ∞) water is rising at the instant when the depth of water in
(b) (–∞, –5) ∪ (4, ∞) the tank is 10 m; is:
 [9 April, 2019 (Shift-II)]
(c) (–∞, –5) ∪ (–4, ∞) (a) 2/π (b) 1/5π
(d) (–5, ∞) (c) 1/10π (d) 1/15π

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  1  23. Consider a cuboid of sides 2x, 4x, and 5x and a closed
16. max 0≤ x ≤π  x − 2sin x cos x + sin 3 x  =
 3  hemisphere of radius r. If the sum of their surface area is a
 [13 April, 2023 (Shift-I)]
constant k, then the ratio x : r, for which the sum of their
5π + 2 + 3 3
(a) (b) π + 2 − 3 3 volumes is maximum, is : [26 June, 2022 (Shift-II)]
6 6 (a) 2 : 5 (b) 19:45
(c) p (d) 0
(c) 3 : 8 (d) 19 : 15
17. A wire of length 20m is to be cut into two pieces. A piece
of length l1 is bent to make a square of area A1 and the 24. If the absolute maximum value of the function
other piece of length l2 is made into a circle of area A2. If
3 2
f ( x) = ( x 2 − 2 x + 7)e(4 x −12 x −180 x + 31)
2A1 + 3A2 is minimum then (pl1) : l2 is equal to:
 [31 Jan, 2023 (Shift-I)] in the interval [–3, 0] is f(a), then
(a) 6 : 1 (b) 3 : 1  [25 July, 2022 (Shift-I)]
(c) 1 : 6 (d) 4 : 1 (a) a = 0 (b) a = –3
(c) a ∈ (–1, 0) (d) a ∈ (–3, –1]
18. The minimum value of the twice differentiable function
x 25. A wire of length 20 m is to be cut into two pieces one of
x −t 2 x
f(x) = ∫ e f ′(t ) dt − ( x − x + 1)e , x ∈ R, is the pieces is to be made into a square and the other into a
0 regular hexagon. Then the length of the side (in meters)
[28 July, 2022 (Shift-I)] of the hexagon, so that the combined area of the square
and the hexagon is minimum, is:
2  [27 Aug, 2021 (Shift-I)]
(a) − (b) −2 e
e 5 10
(a) (b)
2 3+ 3 3+ 2 3
(c) − e (d)
e 10 5
19. The sum of absolute maximum and absolute minimum (c) (d)
2+3 3 2+ 3
values of the function f(x) = |2x2 + 3x – 2| + sin x cos x in
the interval [0, 1] is [24 June, 2022 (Shift-I)] 26. The triangle of maximum area that can be inscribed in a
1 given circle of radius 'r' is: [26 Feb, 2021 (Shift-II)]
sin(1) cos 2  
2 1 (a) An isosceles triangle with base equal to 2r.
(a) 3 + (b) 3 + (1 + 2 cos(1)) sin(1)
2 2 (b) An equilateral triangle having each of its side of
1 1 1 length 3r
(c) 5 + (sin(1) + sin(2)) (d) 2 + sin   cos  
2 2 2 (c) A right angle triangle having two of its sides of length
2r and r.
20. The local maximum value of the function 2r
2
x2 (d) An equilateral triangle of height .
=f ( x )   , x > 0 , is: [26 Aug, 2021 (Shift-II)] 3
 x 1 2

(a) (2 e) e (b) (e)

e
27. The lengths of the sides of a triangle are 10 + x2, 10 + x2 and
e
20 – 2x2. If for x = k, the area of the triangle is maximum,
 4  4
then 3k2 is equal to: [27 June, 2022 (Shift-I)]
(c)   (d) 1
 e
21. If p(x) be a polynomial of degree three that has a local (a) 5 (b) 8 (c) 10 (d) 12
maximum value 8 at x = 1 and a local minimum value 4 28. The set of all real values of λ for which the function
at x = 2; then p(0) is equal to: [2 Sep, 2020 (Shift I)]  π π
f (x) = (1 – cos2x)·(λ + sinx), x ∈  − ,  has exactly one
(a) 12 (b) 6 (c) –24 (d) –12  2 2
22. Let a1, a2, a3, … be an A.P. with a6 = 2. Then the common maxima and exactly one minima, is:
difference of this A.P. Which maximise the produce a1a4a5,  [6 Sep, 2020 (Shift-II)]
is: [10 April, 2019 (Shift-II)]
6 8  3 3  1 1
(a) (b) (a)  − ,  (b)  − , 
5 5  2 2   2 2
2 3  1 1  3 3
(c) (d) (c)  − ,  − {0} (d)  − ,  − {0}
3 2  2 2  2 2

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Integer Type Questions 30. If a rectangle is inscribed in an equilateral triangle of side
length 2 2 as shown in the figure, then the square of the
29. If 'R' is the least value of 'a' such that the function largest area of such a rectangle is __________.
f(x) = x2 + ax + 1 is increasing on [1, 2] and 'S' is the
 [25 July, 2021 (Shift-II)]
greatest value of 'a' such that the function f(x) = x2 + ax + 1
is decreasing on [1, 2], then the value of |R – S| is _______.
[31 Aug, 2021 (Shift-I)]

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 ANSWER KEY
1. (d) 2. (b) 3. (a) 4. (a) 5. (b) 6. (a) 7. (c) 8. (c) 9. (b) 10. (a)
11. (c) 12. (c) 13. (a) 14. (c) 15. (b) 16. (a) 17. (a) 18. (a) 19. (b) 20. (b)
21. (d) 22. (b) 23. (b) 24. (b) 25. (b) 26. (b) 27. (c) 28. (d) 29. [2] 30. [3]

EXPLANATIONS
(c) h(x) = f(x) – g(x)
1 + ex
1. (d) g ( x ) = f ( − x ) − f ( x ) =
h'(x) = f '(x) – g'(x) > 0
1 − ex

h(0) = 0
2e x

⇒=g′( x) >0
h(x) > 0
(1 − e )
x 2
f(x) > g(x)

⇒ g is increasing in (0, 1)
3. (a) Surface area, S = 4pr2

⇒ g is one-one in (0, 1) dS dr dr

∴ =4π·2r 8πr
= =constant = k(say)
) 2 x + tan −1 x and g ( x=) ln
2. (b) f ( x= ( 1+ x + x)
2 dt
dS
dt dt

and x ∈ [0, 3]
∴ = k ⇒ S = kt + c
dt
1
\ 4pr2 = kt + c
g′( x) =
1 + x2 Initially t = 0, r = 3

c = 36p
Now, 0 ≤ x ≤ 3
So, 4pr2 = kt + 36p
2

0≤ x ≤9 When t = 5, r = 7, k = 32p
2 When t = 9, r = 9
1 ≤ 1 + x ≤ 10

1 4. (a) f ( x) = xe x (1− x )
So, 2 + ≤ f ′( x) ≤ 3
10
) e x (1− x ) + x 2 (−1)e x (1− x ) + x(1 − x)e x (1− x )
⇒ f ′ ( x=

21
≤ f ′ ( x ) ≤ 3 and
1
≤ g′( x) ≤ 1
( )
=−e x (1− x ) 2 x 2 − x − 1 =−e x (1− x ) ( x − 1)(2 x + 1)
10 10
option (d) is incorrect
f '(x) = 0 at x = 1,–1/2 and f '(x)>0 When –1/2 < x < 1

⇒ f ' (x) is increasing function on (–1/2, 1)
From above, g ′ ( x ) < f ′ ( x ) ∀x ∈ [ 0,3]
5. (b) f ( x ) = x 7 + 5 x3 + 3 x + 1
Option (a) is incorrect. f ′ ( x=
) 7 x6 + 15 x 4 + 3 > 0∀x ∈ R

f ′ ( x ) & g ′ ( x ) both positive so f ( x ) & g ( x ) both ∴ f(x) is increasing
are increasing For x → −∞, f ( x ) → −∞

So, max ( f ( x ) at x = 3 is 6 + tan −1 3 =x 0,= f ( x) 1

Max (g(x) at x = 3 is ln 3 + 10 ( )
∴ f(x) = 0 has only one real root.
6. (a) f ′(x) = loge(x2 + 1) – e–x + 1
And 6 + tan −1 3 > ln 3 + 10 ( ) 2x

⇒ =
f '( x) 2
+ e− x
Option (b) is correct x +1

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 2x 1 1
Here –1 ≤ 2 ≤ 1, ∞ < e–x < 0
⇒ f '( x) = 2 x − >0⇒ x>
x +1 4 8

⇒ f ′(x) > 0 1 
f (x) is increasing in  , ∞ 

8 

⇒ f (x) is an increasing function.
1
  (α − 12 )    5  rate changes at x = , from –ve to +ve. So minima
Now, f  g  8
  > f   α −  
  3    3  occurs
3 2
 (a − 1) 2   5  x − x + 10 x − 7, x ≤ 1
⇒ g
 > g α −  8. (c) f ( x) = 
 3  3 2
 −2 x + log 2 (b − 4), x > 1
(α − 1) 2 5 For maximum value f (1) ≥ f(1+)

⇒ <α−
   6

3 3
f (1) ≥ f (1 ) –

⇒ a + 1 – 2a < 3a – 5
2

f(1+) ≤ f(1) ⇒ –2 + log2(b2–4) ≤ 1 – 1 + 10 – 7

⇒ a2 – 5a + 6 < 0
⇒ log2(b2–4) ≤ 5 ⇒ 0 < b2 – 4 ≤ 32

⇒ (a – 3)(a – 2) < 0
⇒ b2 – 4 > 0 ⇒ b ∈ (–∞, –2)∪(2,∞)…(i)

⇒ a ∈ (2, 3) and b2 – 4 ≤ 32⇒ b ∈ [–6,6]...(ii)
3 x
From (i) and (ii) we get b ∈ [–6, –2) ∪ (2,6]
 ∫ (2 − t )dt + ∫ (8 − t )dt ; x > 4
7. (c) f ( x) =  0 3 dy
 2 9. (b) (x + 1) y e3 x ( x + 1) 2
−=
 x + bx ;x ≤ 4 dx

f(x) is continuous at x = 4 ⇒ ( x + 1)dy − ydx = e3 x ( x + 1) 2 dx

LHL = RHL
( x + 1)dy − ydx
3 4 = e3 x dx

16 + 4b = ∫ (2 − t ) dt + ∫ (8 − t ) dt ( x + 1) 2
0 3

⇒ 16 + 4b = 15  y  3x y e3 x
d  =e dx ⇒ = +C
−1  x + 1  x +1 3
⇒b=
4 [Integrate both sides]
–4/3
Now check Differentiability 1
Now put x = 0, y =
3
31 ⇒ C=0
LHD = lim(2 x + b) = 8 + b = local minimum
x→4 4 1
So, y = e3 x ( x + 1)
= lim(8 − x=
RHD ) 4 3
x→4
e3 x

⇒ LHD ≠ RHD
dy 1

=
dx 3
(
( x + 1)3e3 x + e3 x =
3
)
(3 x + 4)

1 23 10. (a) let f : R → R from the given function we have,

Now, f '(3) = 2 x + bx =3 = 6 − =
4 4 −55, x < −5
and f '(5) = (8 – x)x=5 = 3  2
f ′ (=
x ) 6 x − 6 x − 120, −5 < x < 4
23 35 6 x 2 − 6 x − 36, x > 4

f′(3) = f′(5) = 3 + = 
4 4
−55, x < −5
x 
So, f ( x=
) x − ,x≤4 2 = 6 ( x − 5)( x + 4) , −5 < x < 4
4 
Diff. w.r.t. x 6 ( x − 3)( x + 2) , x > 4

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 y Now, sin x + 2 > 0 ∀x ∈ R
 π π
2sinx + 1 > 0 ∀x ∈  − , 
1 2 3 4  6 2
x
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1
 π   π
sin2 x < 0 ∀x ∈  − , 0  and sin 2 x > 0 ∀ x ∈  0, 
 6   2

f '(x) increasing in x ∈ (–5, –4) ∪ (4, ∞) \ f is decreasing  − π , 0 

 6 
x −1 2
(c) f ( x ) 3log e
11. = −
x +1 x −1 x) (3 x − 7) x 2/3
13. (a) f (=

 x + 1   ( x + 1) − ( x − 1)  2 ⇒ f ( x) = 3 x5/3 − 7 x 2/3
⇒ f ′( x) 3

=  2 + 2
 x − 1   ( x + 1)  ( x − 1) 14
⇒ f ′ ( x) = 5 x 2/3 − 1/3
x + 1   2  2 3x
= ⇒ f ′ ( x ) 3 
 +
2 For increasing function
 x − 1   ( x + 1)  ( x − 1) 2
15 x − 14
6 2 = >0
⇒ f ′( x)
=
+ 3 x
1/3
( )( ) ( x − 1)2
x − 1 x + 1

6 ( x − 1) + 2 ( x + 1)
⇒ f ′( x) =
 14 
( x − 1) 2 ( x + 1) ∴ f ′ ( x) > 0∀x ∈ (−∞,0) ∪  , ∞ 
 15 
8x − 4
⇒ f ′( x) =
14. (c) x 2 + y 2 =
4
y
( x − 1) 2 ( x + 1)

Since, f(x) is increasing dx dy
x× + y 0
=
dt dt
So, f '(x) > 0 2 25
dx  dy  cm/
8x − 4 ⇒ 3 − 1(25) =0 −25
= 1

⇒ >0 dt  dt  sec
( x − 1) 2 ( x + 1) 3
dx 25
⇒ = cm / sec x
 1 dt 3
8 x − 
 2 15. (b) Let radius of cone is r and height is h

⇒ >0
( x − 1) ( x + 1)
2
1 r
tan θ= = r
2 h
 1
x− 
⇒r=
h
 2

⇒ >0 2
( x − 1) ( x + 1)
2

1 2 1 h3
Now, volume (V) = πr h = π q
+ – + + 3 3 4
1
–1 1 1 tan α =
dV π  dh  2
2 = (3 h) 2  
dt 12  dt 
 1 
Therefore, x ∈ ( −∞, −1) ∪   , ∞  − {1}  π dh dh 1
2   =5 (100) ⇒
=
4 dt dt 5π
12. (c) f ( x ) = 3sin 4 x + 10sin 3 x + 6sin 2 x - 3
1
f ′ ( x ) = 12sin 3 xcosx + 30sin 2 xcosx + 12sinxcosx 16. (a) f ( x ) = x − sin 2 x + sin 3 x
3
Diff w.r.t. x
= 3sin 2 x (2sin x + 1)(sin x + 2) f' (x) = 1 – 2cos2x + cos3x = 0

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⇒ 2cos2x – cos3x = 1
19. (b) f ( x )= | 2 x + 3 x − 2 | + sin x cos x
2

⇒ 4cos3x – 4cos2x – 3cosx + 3

⇒ (cosx – 1)(4cos2x – 3) = 0 = | ( 2 x − 1)( x + 2 ) | + sin x cos x

5π π

\ f" (x) = 4sin2x – 3sin3x ⇒ x = ,  2 1
6 6 −2 x − 3 x + 2 + sin x cos x, 0 < x < 2
 5π  f ( x) = 
f ′′   < 0  2 x 2 + 3 x − 2 + sin x cos x, 1 ≤ x < 1
 6   2

 5π 

⇒   is point of maxima
 6  1
−4 x − 3 + cos 2 x, 0 < x < 2
 5π  5π 3 1 f '( x) = 
f = + +
 4 x + 3 + cos 2 x, 1 ≤ x < 1
 6  6 2 3

2
17. (a) Let l1 = 20 – x and l2 = x
dl2 1 1 1

l1 + l2 =20 ⇒ =−1 f (1) =
3 + sin1cos1 and f   =
sin cos
dl1 2 2 2
2 2
l  l  1 sin 2 sin1 1

A1 =  1  and A2 = π  2  ∴ f (1) + f   =
3+ + 3 + ( sin1 + sin 2 )
=
4  2π  2
  2 2 2

l 2 3l 2 sin1
Let S =2 A1 + 3 A2 =1 + 2 =3+ (1 + 2 cos1)
8 4π 2
ds 2l 6l dl l 6l x2
∴ =0 ⇒ 1 + 2 ⋅ 2 =0 ⇒ 1 − 2 =0 2
dl 8 4 π dl 4 4π 20. (b) We have, f ( x) =   [ e lnP = P]
1
x
l 6l2 πl 6
⇒ 1= ⇒ 1=  2
x 2 ln  
4 4π l2 1 f ( x ) e= x
ex
2
( ln 2 − ln x )
⇒=

x
f ′(t )
f '(x) = ex (In  2–In  x) [2x(ln 2 – ln x) – x]
2

18. (a) f(x) = e x .∫ dt – (x2 – x + 1)ex

0 et x2
2
x
f ′(t ) f ′( x) =    2 ( ln 2 − ln x ) − 1
⇒ f ′(x) = e . ∫  x 
x
t
dt + e x . x
0 e e
For maxima or minima

–[(2x – 1) . e + (x2 – x + 1) . ex ]
x

x
f '(x) = 0 ⇒ 2 (ln 2 – ln x) – 1 = 0
f ′(t )
⇒ ∫ t dt
= x2 + x
⇒ 2ln 2 – 2 ln x – 1 = 0
0 e

⇒ ln 4 – 2 ln x – ln e = 0

Differentiate on both sides w.r.t. ‘x’.
4
f ′( x)
⇒ In − 2 In x =
0

⇒ = 2x +1 e
ex

⇒ f ′(x) = (2x + 1) . ex 4 4

⇒ 2ln x = ln ⇒ x2 =
e e
1

Now f ′(x) = 0 ⇒ x = – 2
2 When, x > , f ′ ( x) < 0

f(x) = (2x + 1) · e – 2e + C
x x e

Since, f(0) = – 1 2
When, x < , f ′( x) > 0

⇒–1=1–2+C e
2

⇒C=0 Hence, f(x) is maximum at x =
e

Now, f(x) = ex (2x – 1)
4/ e
1 −2  2 
⇒ f  −  =

=f ( x) max =  e 2/ e
 2 e  2 / e 

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 21. (d) Since p(x) has relative extreme at 8 2
⇒ d= ,
y = p(x) 5 3
(1, p(1)) Differentiate equation (ii) respect to d, we get
f " (d) = – 60d + 68
2
At d = , f "(d) = – 40 + 48 = 8 > 0
3
(2, p(2))
x=1&2 8
At d = f "(d) = – 28 < 0
so p′(x) = 0 at x = 1 & 2 5
p′(x) = A(x –1) (x – 2)
8
⇒ p (=
x) (2
)
∫ A x − 3x + 2 dx So, d =
5
 x3 3 x 2  23. (b)  s1 + s2 = k
p ( x)= A  − + 2x  + C 76x2 + 3πr2 = k
 3 2 
 
dx
p(1) = 8 [Given] ∴152 x + 6πr =0
dr
From (i)
dx −6πr
1 3  ∴ =
8 A − + 2  + C
= dr 152 x
3 2  Now
5A 2
⇒ 8= + C ⇒ 48 = 5 A + 6C ...(i) V= 40 x3 + πr 3
6 3
p(2) = 4 [Given] dv dx
∴= 120 x 2 ⋅ + 2πr 2
8  dr dr
⇒= 4 A − 6 + 4  + C
3  For maxima & minima
2A dx
⇒ 4= + C ⇒ 12 = 2 A + 3C ...(ii) 120 x 2 . + 2πr 2 =0
3 dr

from (i) & (ii), we get C = –12
 −6π r 
So, p(0) = C = –12 ⇒ 120 x 2 ⋅  2
 + 2πr =0
 152 x 
22. (b) Let a is first term of A.P and d is common difference
x  152 
Given: a6 = a + 5d = 2 ⇒ 120   =
2π  
r
   6π 
⇒ a = 2 – 5d
Let f(d) = a1 a4 a5 = a(a + 3d) (a + 4d)  x  152 1 19
⇒ =  =
r
  3 120 45
f(d) = (2 – 5d) (2 – 2d)(2 – d)
( 4 x3 −12 x2 −180 x+31) 12 x2 − 2 x + 7 ( x + 3)( x − 5) + 2( x − 1)
f(d) = (2 – 5d) (4 – 6d + 2d2)
Differentiate equation (i) respect to d, we get
… (i)
24. (b) f ′ ( x) e
= ( ( ) )
for x∈ [–3, 0]
f '(d) = (2 – 5d) (–6 + 4d) + (4 – 6d + 2d2) (–5)
⇒ f ' (x) < 0
f ' (d) = –12 + 8d + 30d – 20d2 – 20 + 30d – 10d2
                                                                 

f (x) is decreasing function on [–3, 0]

f '(d) = –30d2 + 68d – 32 … (ii) The absolute maximum value of the function f(x) is
at x = –3
To find the critical points, f '(d) = 0
⇒ a = –3
– 30d2 + 68d – 32 = 0 25. (b) Let square is made with piece of length x metre &
⇒ 2(– 15d2 + 34d – 16) = 0 hexagon with piece of length y metre x + y = 20.....(i)
⇒ – 15d2 + 34d – 16 = 0
x y
⇒ 15d2 – 34d + 16 = 0
4 6
⇒ 15d2 – 10d – 24d + 16 = 0
⇒ 5d(3d – 2) – 8(3d – 2) = 0 x
⇒ (5d – 8) (3d – 2) = 0 4

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 x y 3r
Side of square (a ) = & side of a hexagon (b) = ⇒h =
4 6 2
Now, let combined area A = area of square + area of
3r 9r 2 3
hexagon Then x = 2× ×r − = r from eqn (i), we get,
2 4 2
x2 3 y2

A= + 6× × 3r
16 4 36 ⇒ QR =
x2 3 y 2 x2 3 9r 2 3r 2
=+
=+ (20 − x) 2  from (i)
∴ PQ = h2 + x2 = + = 3r
16 24 16 24 4 4
for minimum area Hence D be equilateral having each side of length 3r .
s
dA 2x 2 3 27. (c) Perimeter = 40 ⇒ = 20
=0 ⇒ − (20 − x) =0 2
dx 16 24

Area = s ( s − a ) ( s − b) ( s − c )

⇒ 6 x − 4 3(20 − x) =
0

⇒ 6 x + 4 3x =
80 3 = 20 (10 − x 2 ) (10 − x 2 ) 2 x 2

80 3 80 3 40 = 2 10 x (10 – x2)

⇒x
=
= =
6+4 3 2 3 3+2 2+ 3 ( ) Let f (x) = 2 10 (–x3 + 10x)


⇒=x 40 2 − 3 ( ) ⇒ f ′(x) = 2 10 (–3x2 + 10)

Hence, side of hexagon

Now, f ′(x) = 0

y 20 3 2 − 3
= = =
20 3 ( )
10
6 6 6 2+ 3 ( ) ⇒ –3x2 + 10 = 0 ⇒ x = ±

3
10 3 10
Now, f ′′(x) = –3x
= =

3 2+ 3 (
2 3 +3 )  10 
⇒ f ′′  +
10
 = −3 <0
 3  3
26. (b) From option let it be isosceles where PQ = PR then
By pythagoras theorem, we have, 10

so, for k = Area of triangle is maximum
3

x= r 2 − (h − r )2

3K2 = 10
2 2 2
   = r − h − r + 2rh
2
28. (d) f ( x)= (1 − cos x ) (λ + sin x) , x ∈  −π2 , π2 
2

=
x 2hr − h ...(i)
f(x) = λsin2x + sin3x
1
Now ar ( ∆PQR ) = QR × PL f ′(x) = 2λsinx cosx + 3sin2x cosx
2 f ′(x) = sinxcosx (2λ + 3sinx)
1 2
∆= × 2 2hr − a × h for maxima or minima f  ′(x) = 0
2
−2λ
For D to be maximum, D2 also should be maximum
⇒=sin x 0, , (λ ≠ 0)
3
so sin x ∈ (–1, 1) – {0}
y = D2 = h2(2hr – h2) – 2h3r – h4
for exactly one maxima & minima
dy −2λ −2λ
Now, = 6h 2 r − 4h3 ∈ (−1,1) and ≠0
dh 3 3

For maxima / minima, dy = 0 gives 2h2(3r – 2h) = 0

 3 3
⇒ λ ∈  − ,  − {0}
dh  2 2

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 29. [2] f ( x ) = x 2 + ax + 1 DE
tan 60o =
⇒ f ′ ( x ) =+
2x a BE
For increasing f ′ ( x ) ≥ 0 2 ⋅ DE
3=

∴ 2 x + a ≥ 0 ∀ x ∈ [1, 2] 2 2 − 

⇒ a ≥ −2 x ∀ x ∈ [1, 2] (
3 2 2 − ) = DE
⇒ a ≥ −2 × 2 ∀ x ∈ [1, 2] 2

3 3 2
⇒ a ≥ −4
∴R = −4

A=Areaofrectangle = ×
2
( )
2 2 −  = 6 −
2


And for decreasing dA
= 6 − 3
f ′ ( x ) ≤ 0 ⇒ a ≤ −2 x ∀x ∈ [1, 2] d

dA
= 0 (for A to be largest)
⇒ a ≤ −2 × 1
d
\ S = –2

⇒  =2
Hence, |R – S| = 2
30. [3] Let the side of rectangle be  and b. A d2 A
Now, − 3<0
=
2 2 − d 2
∴ BE =
2
3
In DDEB,  D then, A = 2×
2
2 = ( )
3
b \ A2 = 3
60°
Hence, at l = 2, area is maximum
B E C


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