Limits of Functions

Single Correct Type Questions

4. The value of lim ( x − 1) sin
2 2
( πx ) is equal to:
sin 2t x →1 4 3
 1 1 1  x − 2x + 2x −1
 sin 2t 2 2 
lim 1 + 2 sin t +…+ n sin t  [29 June, 2022 (Shift-II)]
1. t →0 is equal to
 
  2 2
(a) π (b) π
 [24 Jan, 2023 (Shift-I)] 6 3
2
(c) π (d) π2
(a) n + n
2
2
αe x + βe − x + γsinx 2
(b) n 5. If lim x →0 2
= , where α,β,γ ∈ R, then
xsin x 3
n ( n + 1)
(c) which of the following is NOT correct?
2
(d) n2  [29 July, 2022 (Shift-I)]
(a) α + β + γ = 6
2 2 2
2. The value of
(b) αβ + βγ + γα + 1 = 0
1 + 2 − 3 + 4 + 5 − 6 +…+ ( 3n − 2 ) + ( 3n − 1) − 3n (c) αβ2 + βγ2 + γα2 + 3 = 0
lim
n →∞
2n 4 + 4n + 3 − n 4 + 5n + 4 (d) α2 – β2 + γ2 = 4
is: [25 Jan, 2023 (Shift-I)]
lim
(
sin cos −1 x − x )
6. is equal to:
(a)
2 +1
(b) 3 ( 2 +1 ) x→
1
2
(
1 − tan cos −1 x )
2
3  [26 June, 2022 (Shift-I)]
(c) 3 ( 2 +1 ) (d)
2 2 2 (a) 2 (b) − 2
( 3 x + 1 + 3 x − 1)6 + ( 3 x + 1 − 3 x − 1)6 1 1
3. lim x →∞ x3 (c) (d) −
(x + ) +(x − ) 2
6 6
2
x2 − 1 x2 − 1
3x
αx − (e − 1)
 [31 Jan, 2023 (Shift-II)] 7. Let β =lim for some a ∈ R. Then the value
x →0 (e3 x − 1)
(a) is equal to 9
of a + b is: [26 July, 2022 (Shift-II)]
(b) is equal to 27
(c) does not exist 14 3
(a) (b)
27 5 2
(d) is equal to
2 5 7
(c) (d)
2 2
1 JEE PYQs Mathematics P
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 8. Let f :R →R be a function such that f (2) = 4 and f '(2) =
13. If a is the positive root of the equation, p ( x ) = x − x − 2 =
2

x 2 f (2) − 4 f ( x)
1. Then the value of lim is equal to: 1 − cos ( p ( x ) )
x →2 x−2 0 then lim is equal to.
 [27 July, 2021 (Shift-I)] x →α + x+α−4
[5 Sep, 2020 (Shift-I)]
(a) 12 (b) 4
1 1
(c) 16 (d) 8 (a) (b)
2 2
9. If a, b are the distinct roots of x2 + bx + c = 0, then 3 3
( ) − 1 − 2 x 2 + bx + c (c) (d)
lim
e
2 x 2 + bx + c
( ) is equal to 2 2
2
x→β ( x − β)
3x + 33− x − 12
14. lim is equal to [7 Jan, 2020 (Shift-I)]
 [27 Aug, 2021 (Shift-I)]
x→2 3− x /2 − 31− x

(a) b2 – 4c (a) 32 (b) 36

(b) b2 + 4c (c) 34 (d) 30
(c) 2(b2 + 4c) 15. Let f : R → R be a differentiable function satisfying
(d) 2(b – 4c) 2
f ′ ( 3) + f ′ ( 2 ) = 0  [8 April, 2019 (Shift-II)]

10. The value of lim

cos −1
( x − [ x] ) ⋅ sin ( x − [ x] ) , where
2 −1 2
1

x−x 3  1 + f ( 3 + x ) − f ( 3)  x
x → 0+ Then lim   is equal to
x →0 1 + f ( 2 − x ) − f ( 2 ) 
[x] denotes the greatest integer ≤ x is:  
 [17 March, 2021 (Shift-I)] (a) e2 (b) e (c) e–1 (d) 1
(a) π (b) 0 16. π − 2sin −1 x is equal to
lim
x →1− 1− x
π π
(c) (d)  [12 Jan, 2019 (Shift-II)]
4 2 1
(a) (b) 2
sin −1 x − tan −1 x 2π π
11. If lim is equal to L, then the value of
x →0 3x3 π
(c) (d) π
(6L + 1) is [18 March, 2021(Shift-I)] 2
17. If α and β are the roots of the equation 375x2 – 25x – 2 =
n n
1 1 0, then lim r lim
n →∞ ∑ α + n →∞ ∑ β
r
(a) (b) is equal to:
6 2  =r 1 =r 1

(c) 6 (d) 2  [12 April, 2019 (Shift-I)]

21 29 1 7
 9  (a) (b) (c) (d)
x 346 358 12 116
lim
12. x → 2  ∑  is equal to:
 n =1 n ( n + 1) x + 2 ( 2n + 1) x + 4 
2  18. Let [x] denote the greatest integer less than or equal to x.
 [26 Aug, 2021(Shift-II)]
Then lim
( )
tan πsin 2 x + ( x − sin ( x [ x ])) 2
9 5 x →0 x2
(a) (b)
44 24  [11 Jan, 2019 (Shift-I)]
7 1 (a) Does not exist
(c) (d) (b) Equals π
36 5
(c) Equal p + 1
(d) Equals 0

2 JEE PYQs Mathematics P

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 Integer Type Questions
cot 3 x − tanx
19. lim is [12 Jan, 2019 (Shift-I)]
x → cos  x + π  t3
π
48 x
24. lim 4 ∫0 6
4   dt is equal to ________.
 4 x →0 x t +1
(a) 4 (c) 4 2
 [30 Jan, 2023 (Shift-I)]
(b) 8 2 (d) 8

x + 2sinx (n + 1) k −1
20. lim is 25. I f lim ( nk + 1) + ( nk + 2 ) + .... + ( nk + n )  =
x →0
x 2 + 2sinx + 1 − sin 2 x − x + 1 x →0 n k +1
 [12 April, 2019 (Shift-II)] 1
33 lim ⋅ 1k + 2k + 3k +……+ n k  then the integral
(a) 3 (b) 2 x →∞ n k +1

(c) 6 (d) 1 value of k is equal to [25 July, 2022 (Shift-I)]

21. The set of all values of a for which 1  1 

(
lim  x − 5 ]−[ 2 x + 2  =
)
0 , where [m] denotes the greater
e x3
(
− 1− x )
3 3
 (
+  1 − x2 ) 2 − 1 sinx

x→a 26. If β = lim   then the
integer less than or equal to m is equal to x →0 xsin 2 x
value of 6 b is ____. [JEE Adv 2022]
[24 Jan, 2023 (Shift-II)]
27. If lim
(
ax − e 4 x − 1 ) exists and is equal to b, then the value
(a) (–7.5, –6.5) (b) (–7.5, –6.5] x →0 ax e ( 4x
−1 )
(c) [–7.5, –6.5] (d) [–7.5, –6.5)
of a – 2b is_______. [25 Feb, 2021 (Shift-II)]
2 1/ x 2
 3x + 2  28. Let f ( x ) = x 6 + 2 x 4 + x3 + 2 x + 3, x ∈ R . Then the natural
22. lim  2  is equal to [8 Jan, 2020 (Shift-I)]
x →0 7 x + 2 
 
x n f (1) − f ( x )
number n for which lim = 44 is
1 x →1 x −1
(a) (b) e
e2  [1 Sep, 2021 (Shift-II)]
1 29. Let f (x) be a polynomial of degree 6 in x, in which the
(c) e2 (d)
e coefficient of x6 is unity and it has extrema at x = –1 and
f ( x)
23. Let [t] denote the greatest integer function ≤ t. If for some x = 1. If lim 3 = 1 , then 5 f (2) is equal to _______.
x →0 x
1− x + x
λ ∈ R − { 0,1} , lim = L , then L is equal to  [25 Feb, 2021 (Shift-I)]
x→0 λ − x + [ x]
30. Let [t] denote the greatest integer ≤ t and {t}denote
 [3 Sep, 2020 (Shift I)] the fractional part t. Then integral value of a for which
1 the left hand limit of the function f (x) = f [1 + x] +
(a) 2 (b)
2 α [ ] { } + [ x] − 1
2 x+ x
4
(c) 0 (d) 1 at x = 0 is equal to α − , is
2 [ x ] + { x} 3
 [27 June, 2022 (Shift-II)]

3 JEE PYQs Mathematics P

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 ANSWER KEY
1. (b) 2. (c) 3. (b) 4. (d) 5. (c) 6. (d) 7. (c) 8. (a) 9. (d) 10. (d)
11. (d) 12. (a) 13. (c) 14. (b) 15. (d) 16. (b) 17. (c) 18. (a) 19. (d) 20. (b)
21. (a) 22. (a) 23. (a) 24. [12] 25. [5] 26. [5] 27. [5] 28. [7] 29. [144] 30. [3]

EXPLANATIONS

2 2 2 sin 2t ( x − 1)( x + 1) sin 2 (πx − π)

1. (b) limt →0 1cosec t + 2cosec t +………+ ncosec t  lim
[ sin2(q – p) = sin2q]
  x →1 ( x 4 − 1) − (2 x3 − 2 x)
 (∞º Indeterminate form)
sin 2 (πx − π) 2
sin 2t ( x − 1)( x + 1) π ( x − 1) 2
 cosec2t cosec2t  π2 ( x − 1) 2
 1 2 lim
= limn   +  +…….. + 1 =n x →1 ( x 2 − 1)( x 2 + 1 − 2 x)
t →0   n  n 
 
2. (c) Observe sum of terms in group of three. (1 + 2 – 3) π2 ( x − 1) 2
lim
= π2
+ (4 + 5 – 6) ................. x →1 ( x − 1) 2

0 + 3 + 6 + 9 +….n terms
lim αe x + βe − x + γsinx αe x + βe − x + γ sin x
4 4 5. (c) lim = lim
n →∞ 2n + 4n + 3 − n + 5n + 4 xsin 2 x 2
x →0 x →0
 sin x 
x ⋅ x2 ⋅  
3n ( n − 1)  x 
= lim
n →∞ 2 ( 2n 4 + 4n + 3 − n 4 + 5n + 4 ) = lim x →0
αe x + βe − x + γsinx
3 3 x3
= = ( 2 +1 )
2 ( 2 −1 2 ) 
α 1 +
x x 2 x3
+
  x x 2 x3
+ +… + β 1 − +
  x3 
− +… + γ  x − +…
1! 2! 3! 1! 2! 3! 3!
= lim x →0      
( 3 x + 1 + 3 x − 1)6 + ( 3 x + 1 − 3 x − 1)6 3 x3
3. (b) xlim x
( ) ( )
→∞ 6 6
x + x2 − 1 + x − x2 − 1
α β α β γ
( α + β ) + ( α − β + γ ) x +  +  x 2 +  − −  x3 +… 2
= lim
= x →0
 2 2  6 6 6 (given)
x3 3
  6
   
6
 x3  3 + 1 + 3 − 1  +  3 + 1 − 3 − 1    ⇒ α + β= 0, α − β + γ= 0,
α+β α β γ 2
= 0, − − =
  x x   x x    2 6 6 6 3
3   
lim x ×  
 6 6
x →∞
   1   1    ⇒ β = −α γ = −2α α − β − γ = 4 ⇒ α + α + 2α = 4
 x 6 1 + 1 − 2  + 1 − 1 − 2    ⇒ α = 1, β = −1, γ = −2
 x   x  
  
π
6. (d) Let cos −1 x= +θ
(2 3)6 + 0 4
= 6
3
= 3= ( 27 )
2 + 0 π  π 
sin  + θ  − cos  + θ 
 4   4 
( x 2 − 1) sin 2 (πx) = lim
4. (d) lim θ→0  π 
x →1 x 4 − 2 x3 + 2 x − 1 1 − tan  + θ 
4 

4 JEE PYQs Mathematics P

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 = (nx+2) ((n+1)x+2)
π π
2sin  + θ − 
 4 4 9
x
= lim
θ→0
1−
1 + tanθ
∴ ∑ ( nx + 2) (( n + 1) x + 2)
n =1
1 − tanθ
9  
1 1
= lim
2 sin θ
(1 − tan θ )
= 


∑ − 
nx + 2 ( n + 1) x + 2 
θ→0 −2 tan θ n =1

 1 1   1 1  
(1 − tan θ) (1 − 0) 1  x + 2 − 2 x + 2  +  2 x + 2 − 3 x + 2  +…. ⋅
= lim = = −    
θ→0 ( −21/2 cos θ) −21/2 2 = 
  1 1  
+  −  
9 x + 2 10 x + 2
αx + 1 − e3 x    
7. (c) β =lim
x →0  e3 x − 1  1 1 9x
(αx )   3x = − =
x + 2 10 x + 2 (10 x + 2)( x + 2)
 3x 
 9 x2  2 9x 9
∴ lim =
αx + 1 1 + 3 x +  (a − 3) x − 9 x x → 2 (10 x + 2 )( x + 2 ) 44
 2  2
lim
= 2
x →0 (3 x) (αx) 3α x 13. (c) p ( x) = x 2 − x − 2 = 0 ⇒ x = 2, −1

So, a = 3
⇒ a = 2
−3 −1 5
⇒= β = ,  α += β .
2α 2 2 1 − cos ( x 2 − x − 2 )
Now lim+
8. (a) Using L’Hospital Rule x→2 x−2
f '( x)  4(4) − 4
 2 x. f (2) − 4=
lim   = 12  x2 − x − 2 
x →2
 1  1 2 sin  
 2 
9. (d) Given, let a, b be the roots of the equation x2 + bx + c = 0 = lim+
x→2 x−2
So, a + ba + c = 0 & b + bb + c = 0 and a + b
2 2

= –b, ab = c sin ( x 2 − x − 2 )
Also, x2 + bx + c = (x – a) (x – b)
= lim+
2
2 ×
(x 2
− x − 2)
2 ( x 2 + bx + c )
e − 1 − 2 ( x 2 + bx + c ) x→2  x2 − x − 2  2 ( x − 2)
Now, lim  
( x − β) 2  2 
x →β
4 ( x 2 + bx + c ) 8 ( x 2 + bx + c )   ( x2 − x − 2)  
2 3

1 + 2 ( x 2 + bx + c ) + + +…− 1 − 2 ( x 2 + bx + c )

= lim 2! 3!  sin  
2
  2 
  × lim ( x − 2 )( x + 1)
x →β ( x − β)
1
8 = lim+   2
2( x − α ) 2 ( x − β) 2 + ( x − α )3 ( x − β)3 + …… 2 x → 2  x − x − 2  x → 2+ ( x − 2)
= lim 6  2 
( x − β) 2  
x→β
 
= 2 (b – a)2 = 2 [(b + a)2 – 4ab] = 2 [b2 – 4c] 1 3
−1 −1 = × 1× 3=
cos x sin x π 2 2
10. (d) lim+ × =
x →0
(1 − x 2 ) x 2 x/2
14. (b) Let 3 = t
11. (d)
27
12. (a)  n(n+1)x2 + 2(2n+1)x+4 t 2 + 2 − 12
t t 4 + 27 − 12t 2
= lim= lim
= n(n+1)x2+{(2n+2)+2n}x+4 t →3 1 3 t →3 t −3
− 2
t t
= (n+1)x(nx+2)+2(nx+2)

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 = lim
(t 2
− 3) ( t + 3)( t − 3)
= 6 × 6 = 36 R.H.L Lt +
x [ x]
=0
t →3 ( t − 3) x →0 x

\ Limit does not exist.

1
 1 + f ( 3 + x ) − f ( 3)  ∞ x
19. (d) Using LH rule
15. (d) lim   (1 form)
x →0 1 + f ( 2 − x ) − f ( 2 ) 
 
f ( 3 + x ) − f ( 2 − x ) − f ( 3) + f ( 2 )
3cot 2 x ( −cosec 2 x ) − sec 2 x
lim x→0
x (1+ f ( 2 − x ) − f ( 2 ) ) lim =8
⇒e x→
π
 π
4 −sin  x + 
using L 'Hopital  4
f ′( 3 + x ) + f ′( 2 − x )
lim 20. (b) Rationalize
⇒ e x →0 1
1
=

π − 2 sin −1 x π + 2 sin −1 x lim

( x + 2sin x ) ( x 2 + 2sin x + 1 + sin 2 x − x + 1 )
16. (b) xlim × x →0

2 2
x + 2sin x + 1 − sin x + x − 1
→1− 1− x π + 2 sin −1 x

π  ( x + 2sin x )( 2 )
2  − sin −1 x  lim 2 2
x + 2sin x − sin x + x
x →0

lim− 2 
x →1
1− x ( π + 2sin −1 x ) 0
form using L' hospital
0
2cos −1 x 1

lim− . ⋅ (1 + 2 cos x ) × 2 3× 2
1− x 2 πx →1
⇒ lim = 2
=
x → 0 2 x + 2 cos x − 2sin x cos x + 1 3
Assuming x = cos q
2θ 1 2 21. (a) lim ([ x − 5] − [2 x + 2]) =
0
lim+
⋅ = x→a
θ π
2sin   2 π
θ→ 0

2
  lim ([ x] − 5 − [2 x] − 2) =0

x→a
17. (c) 375x2 – 25x – 2 = (x – a) (x – b) (375)
lim ([ x] − [2 x]) =
7
Put x = 1
x→a

348 When a ∈ integer

= (1 − α )(1 − β)
375
[a] – [2a] = 7
25 −2

α+β= , αβ =
⇒ a = –7
375 375
When a ∉ I, a = I + f

⇒ (α + α2 + ..... upto infinite terms) + (β + β2 + ..... upto
α β α − αβ + β − αβ 1 Now, [a] – [2a] = 7
infinite terms) = = + =
1− α 1− β (1 − α )(1 − β) 12
⇒ –I – [2 f ] = 7

( )
tan π sin 2 x π sin 2 x  x − sin ( x [ x ])   1
2
Case-I: f ∈  0, 
18. (a) xL→t0 ⋅ +   2
π sin 2 x x2  x 
2f ∈ (0, 1) ⇒ [2f] = 0
2 2
 sin x [ x ] x [ x ]   x [ x]
⇒ –I = 7
= 1( π ) ⋅ (1) 2 + Lt 1 − ⋅  = π + Lt 1 −
x→0  x [ x] x  x→0  x 

I = –7 ⇒ a ∈ (–7, –6.5)
x [ x]
L.H.L Lt − =1 1 
x→0 x Case-II: f ∈  ,1

2 

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 2f ∈ (1, 2) ⇒ [2f] = 1 1 1
⇒ k + = 33 ⋅ ⇒ ( 2k + 1)( k + 1) = 66
–I – 1 = 7 2 k +1

I = –8 ⇒ a ∈ (–7.5, –7) 13
⇒ (k – 5) (2k + 13) = 0 ⇒ k = 5 or k =
Hence, a ∈ (–7.5, –6.5) 2
1/ x 2 1  3 x2 + 2  1
 3x + 2  2  1

22. (a) Let L lim e x − (1 − x 3 ) 3 +  (1 − x 2 ) 2 − 1 sin x
lim 2  2 −1 3

= =  2  e x →0 x  7 x + 2  .
x →0
 7x + 2  26. [5] β =lim
 
−4 x →0 x sin 2 x
= e=

2
e −2
 1   1 
1 + x 3 +…− 1 − x 3  +  − x 2 +… sin x
1− x + x  3   2 
23. (a) Here lim =L lim 3
x →0 λ − x + [ x]
x →0 x
1 1 6+ 2−3
1+ − ⇒ =5 / 6 6β =5
1+ h + h 1 3 2 6
=
Here L.H.L. lim
=
h →0 λ + h − 1 λ −1
ax − ( e 4 x − 1)
27. [5] Given lim
1− h + h 1 x →0
ax ( e 4 x − 1)
= lim
R.H.L. =
h →0 λ − h − 0 λ
Applying L’Hospital Rule, we get
Q Limit exists. Hence L.H.L. = R.H.L. a − 4e 4 x
lim
So a = 4
⇒ |l – 1| = |l| x →0
a ( e 4 x − 1) + ax ( 4e 4 x )

1 Applying L’Hospital Rule lim

⇒λ= and L = 2
2 −16e 4 x
lim

x →0 4(4e ) + 4(4e 4 x ) + 4 x(16e 4 x )
4x

x t3
∫0 dt
t 6 + 1  0 form 
=
−16 −16
= =
1
− =b
24. [12] 48 lim   4 × 4 + 4 × 4 32 2
x →0 x4 0 
 −1 
Applying L’ Hospitals Rule \ a − 2b = 4 − 2   = 4 + 1 = 5
 2 
x3 1 28. [7] We have , f(x) = x6 + 2x4 + x3 + 2x + 3
48 lim
= × = 12
x →0 x 6 + 1 4 x3 x n f (1) − f ( x )
lim
= 44
(n + 1) k −1  2 n ( n + 1)  x →1 x −1
25.=
[5] lim ⋅ n k + 
9 x n − ( x 6 + 2 x 4 + x 3 + 2 x + 3)
k +1
n →∞ n  2 

⇒ lim = 44
  1  x →1 x −1
 1 +  
n
(n + 1) ⋅ n  k + 
k −1 2
 Using L - hospital’s rule, we get
 2 
  9nx n −1 − (6 x 5 + 8 x 3 + 3 x 2 + 2)
= lim
⇒ lim = 44
n →∞ n k +1
x →1 1

⇒ 9n – 19 = 44 ⇒ n = 7
  1
k −1  1 +  
 1  n 29. [144] Let f ( x ) = x + ax + bx + ax + dx + ex + f
k+
6 5 4 3 2
⇒ lim 1 + 

n →∞  n  2 
  f ( x)
1 k k 1 
lim = 1 Non zero finite
RHS ⇒ nlim
→∞ n k +1
(1 + 2 +…+ n ) = k + 1
k
x →0 x3
 1 So, d = e = f = 0
⇒ k + 
 2 f(x) = x6 + ax5 + bx4 + cx3

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 f ( x)  −3   −3 
lim = 1= c ∴ f ( x) =x 6 +   x5 +   x 4 + x3
x→0 x 3  5  2

And It is given that
∴ 5.f ( 2) =
144

f ′ ( x ) = 0 at x = 1 and x = −1
4
f ′ ( x ) =6 x 5 + 5ax 4 + 4bx 3 + 3 x 2 30. [3] lim− f ( x ) = α −
x →0 3
f ′ (1) = 0 [Given]
α −1 − 2 4 1 4
⇒ 0+ = α− ⇒ 2− = α−
⇒ 6 + 5a + 4b + 3 =
0
−1 3 α 3
−9 …(i)
⇒ 5a + 4b =
1 10
f ′ ( −1) =0 [Given] ⇒α+ = ⇒ 3α 2 − 10α + =
3 0
α 3

−6 + 5a − 4b + 3 =0 …(ii)
⇒ 3a2 – 9a – a + 3 = 0 ⇒ 3a(a – 3) as – 1(a – 3) = 0
Solving (i) and (ii) ⇒ (a – 3) (3a – 1) = 0, So, a = 3 as a ∈ I
a=
−3 / 5, b =
−3 / 2

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