LAGOS STATE POLYTECHNIC

SCHOOL OF PART-TIME STUDIES DAY

FIRST SEMESTER EXAMINATION 2022/2023 SESSION

COURSE TITLE: SCIENTIFIC GLASSBLOWING AND VACUUM TECHNIQUES

COURSE CODE: GLT 222
FOR WHOM: ND3 SLT
NO. OF QUESTIONS: SIX (6)
TIME ALLOWED: 2 HOURS
INSTRUCTION: ANSWER TWO QUESTIONS FROM EACH SECTION

SECTION A (GLASSBLOWING)

Question 1
(a) List ten (10) safety precautions observed during scientific glass blowing. 10marks
(b) With the aid of diagrams explain the procedure for TEST TUBE fabrication. 10marks
(c) Group the following into glass network modifiers, network formers and special oxides:
K2O, MgO, SiO2, P2O5, MnO 5 marks

Question 2
(a) In 1945, American scientist defined glass as "an inorganic product of fusion which has
cooled to a rigid condition without crystallizing". Give two reasons why this definition is not
applicable in this modern age and thus give the modern day definition. 5 marks
(b) i. List three (3) types of glass you know 3 marks
ii. Borosilicate glass is mostly used in chemical laboratories. Describe this glass type in terms of
its Hardness, Composition, Coefficient of thermal Expansion and Application. 8 marks
(c) i. State four (4) uses of soda glass. 4 marks
ii. Define scientific glass blowing and list four fields where it can be required. 5 marks

Question 3
(a) Explain the following terms use in glass blowing:
i. annealing ii. Fire polishing iii. Scoring iv. Maria v. bleeding 5 marks
(b) Explain the following hazard: (i) burn hazard (ii) hazard due to gas (iii) hazard due to
glass (iv) Emphysema (v) hazards due to repairable glass wares 10 marks
(c) List five scientific glass blowing tools and their uses. 10 marks
 SECTION B (VACUUM)
INSTRUCTION: Answer any two (2) questions from this Section.
Question 4
a. With aid of diagram, write short note on principle operation of mechanical vacuum
pump.
b. Describe briefly (i) Liquid wall gauges (ii) Bourdon gauges
c. Define the following pressure units used in vacuum techniques (i) Bar (ii) Atmosphere
(iii) Pascal (iv) Technical atmosphere (v) Torr
d. What are the important of oil in an oil sealed vacuum pump?
e.
Question 5
a. Mention any three basic ways to remove air from the space of a vacuum chamber.
b. List the types of gas flow you know in the vacuum system
c. Briefly explain what you understand by the following: (i) vacuum, (ii) quality of a
vacuum, (iii) vacuum gauges
d. State O’Hanlon's theory
e. Differentiate between Hypoxia and Ebullism
f. State any three kinetic theory you know.
g. What do you understand by vacuum pumps?
h. Define the following (i) Molecular density, (ii) Time to form a monolayer,, (iii) Mean free
path

Question 6
a. State the factors that responsible for the determination of the gas flow regime
b. What are the properties and applications of an oil diffusion pump?
c. What is the major difference between the gas capture and positive displacement or
momentum transfer pumps?
d. Explain briefly the effect of temperature on the vapour pressure of gases.