Computer GRADE

Systems
Servicing NC II
8

Quarter 1 - Module 2-Week 5 & 6

Performing Computer Operations

1
 What this Module is About
This module covers the knowledge, skills, attitudes and values needed to perform computer
operations which include inputting, accessing, producing, and transferring data using the appropriate
hardware and software.
The following are the lessons contained in this module:

1. Task identification 5. Types of program/ application

2. Operational Health and Safety software
(OHS) guidelines and procedures 6. Desktop icons
3. Computer hardware 7. Keyboard techniques
4. Computer application software 8. Keyboard care and maintenance

Icons of this Module

What I Need to This part contains learning objectives that
Know are set for you to learn as you go along the module.

What I know This is an assessment as to your level of knowledge

to the subject matter at hand,
meant specifically to gauge prior related knowledge

What’s In This part connects previous lesson with that of the

current one.

What’s New An introduction of the new lesson through various

activities, before it will be presented to you

What is It These are discussions of the activities as a way to

deepen your discovery and under- standing of the
concept.

What’s More These are follow-up activities that are in- tended for
you to practice further in order to master the
competencies.

What I Have Activities designed to process what you

Learned have learned from the lesson

What I can do These are tasks that are designed to show- case
your skills and knowledge gained, and applied into
real-life concerns and situations.

2
 Lesson
Plan and Prepare for Task to be
1 Undertaken

What I Need to Know

At the end of this module, you should be able to:

1. Determine requirements of task in accordance with required output

2. Select appropriate hardware and software according to task
3. Plan a task to ensure that OHS guidelines and procedures are followed
4. Follow client-specific guidelines and procedures

Planning plays the most important role of achieving a successful task. Your ability to plan
properly will enable you to attain your target or purpose goal. Many successful entrepreneurs
have realized their success through proper and careful planning. Likewise, aside from planning,
you should also give importance to preparation. Good preparation will boost your confidence
because it means that you are ready to do the task because you have sufficient knowledge
about it.

As a computer system servicing student, you also need to familiarize with the materials and
tools involve in order to really attain the good result of the task given in avoidance of lagging
when performing the task you are about to be undertaken.

What’s More

The following are some factors to be considered when you plan and prepare for the tasks:

1. PLACE. See to it that the

place for doing the task is
conducive to work, well
ventilated, clean, and has
good lighting. A space
provided for freedom to
move is important. A place
chosen will give you idea on
what task is to be done.

3
 2. WASTE DISPOSAL. Used wire or
wire strips or other things that can’t
be used anymore must be disposed in
proper storage bin or container.

3. TOOLS/EQUIPMENT. Tools and equipment must match with the task to be done. You should be
careful enough to choose tools and equipment that are worthy of use. They must be in good condition so
that it can be easily utilized

A tool is a handheld device that aids in accomplishing a task.

Tools range from a traditional metal cutting part of a machine to an element of a computer
program that activates and controls a particular function.

Preparing for the task to be undertaken includes proper tool selection.

1. How do you select the best tool for the job? First, know and understand in detail the
scope of work to be accomplished, second, plan for the scope considering the sequence
of tasks.
2. Selecting the best tool for each task requires training in the proper use of the tools, field
experience in their safe use, and following the manufacturer’s guidance and instructions
for that specific tool.
3. When obtaining the tool all the associated tooling and consumable parts, as
recommended by the manufacturer, must be included.

In addition, related consumable parts must also be selected and used according to their
manufacturer’s instructions.

4
4. SAFETY. Always prioritize safety. Remember that accident is not an excusable incident.
It can be avoided. Always remember the motto “Safety first”.

5. PROCEDURE/TASK. Identify what task to perform before identifying materials and tools to
use. The service procedure/task to employ will tell you the corresponding tools and materials
needed. Appropriate tools to use with the task will enhance your ability to provide a competitive
and efficient service.

Assembling

Disassembling

Crimping

5
 What’s New

Occupational/ Operational Health and Safety (OHS) is a cross-disciplinary area concerned with
protecting the safety, health and welfare of people engaged in work or employment.

Knowing OHS is essential to minimize the hazards and risks not only to students, trainers and other
people within the training institution but others who will be affected.

Reasons for occupational safety and standards are:

• Moral – an employee should not have to risk injury at work, nor should others have
associated with the work environment.
• Economic – many governments realize that poor occupational safety and health
performance results in cost to state
• Legal – OHS requirements maybe reinforced in civil law and/or criminal law

SAFETY PROCEDURES(OHS)

1. To prevent electrical shock hazard, disconnect the power cable from the electrical outlet
before relocating the system
2. When adding and removing devices to or from the system, ensure that the power
cables for the devices are unplugged before the signal cables are connected. If
possible, disconnect all power cables from the existing system before you add a device
3. Make sure that your power supply is set to the correct voltage in your area
4. Before installing the Motherboard and adding a device on it, carefully read the entire
manual that came with the package
5. To avoid short circuits, keep paper clips, screws, and staples away from connectors,
slots, sockets and circuitry
6. 6. Avoid dust, humidity, and temperature extremes. Do not place the product in any
area where it may become wet
7. Always ground or discharge yourself before touching any part of the computer
8. Do not work alone so that there’s someone who can take care of you in case of
accident or emergency.
9. Be careful with the tools that may cause short circuit
10. Always full the cable connector on the handle and not on the cable itself
11. Use only rubber shoes when standing on the ground or in a concrete floor
12. Make sure that the pins are properly aligned when connecting a cable connector.

6
 13. Always power off and unplug the computer before working on it. 14. Take away any
liquid such as mineral water or soft drinks near your working area or near computers.
15. Contingency measures during workplace accidents, fire and other emergencies are
recognized.

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

1. Do not place any combustible materials near the power outlet.

2. Avoid using power cord with defects such as loose contacts and exposed conductors.
3. Avoid using connecting wires with exposed conductors.
4. Do all the wiring connection inside the computer system with the power off.
5. Check the proper connections before turning the circuit power on.
6. Remove any jewelry, which is conductive.
7. Check your measuring instruments for proper voltage, current, resistance setting before
making any measurement.
8. Refer to the mother manuals for its proper jumper setting and connection.

Lesson

2
Input Data into Computer

What I Need to Know

At the end of this module, you should be able to:

1. Identify the types of programs/ applications software

2. Check the accuracy of information and save the information in accordance with
standard operating procedures
3. Classify the inputted data in storage media according to requirements

Technology has become the integral part of modernization in our society. It opens door
to information that will be needed by people who seeks knowledge through the use of computer.
Using computer, people can search and gain information by simply accessing the internet. Just
a click away, the information is being presented.
7
 The things that are presented in the computer is simply coming from people who puts
information using computer. It is through the use of different programs/ applications software
that could process the data being inputted by the person.

In this lesson, you will learn more about how a computer works.

What Is It

The importance of applying OHS in every task that we do in the workplace or in a laboratory
is to avoid any accidents and injuries in order to attain our desired output in doing the task.

As a computer system servicing student, to attain the desired goal in the task given, you
must also familiarize the components of the computer and how the computer works in order to avoid
confusions.

Activity 1

What is the difference between a software and a hardware? Write your answers on a separate
sheet

___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________.
How Computer Works?

A computer is an electronic machine made up of hardware and software that work together to
do a task.

A software refers to a program or application installed into a computer to do a specific task.

The examples are word processing program and presentation program.

8
A hardware is computer parts or device that you can see or touch.

Each hardware performs a specific function. It could be as an Input Device or as an Output

Device.

What is Data?

Data is a collection of facts and figures, such as values or measurements.

The data is the raw material to be processed by a computer.

Data versus Information

When data are processed, interpreted, organized, structured or presented so as to make them
meaningful or useful, they are called information

9
Differences in Meaning

The raw input is data and it has no significance when it exists in that form. When data is
collated or organized into something meaningful, it gains significance. This meaningful
organization is information.

Types of Data Numeric data

• The data which is represented in the form of numbers
• This includes 0-9 digits, a decimal point (.) +, /, - sign and the letters “E” or “D”.

Character data

10
 Data Processing Cycle

- Data processing is simply the conversion of raw data to meaningful information through a
process.
- The data is processed again and again until the accurate result is achieved.

Input

11
 - Input is the task where verified data is coded or converted into machine - readable form so that it
can be processed through a computer

A hardware is an input device if it is used to enter data or give commands to the computer.
Two of the most common input devices are keyboard and mouse. A keyboard is an input
device because if you want to enter data to the computer, we have to press the keys or each
letter, numbers or special keys. A mouse is also an input device because if you want to give
instruction to the computer, we have to press its buttons.

Processing
- Processing is when the data is subjected to various means and methods of
manipulation, the point where a computer program is being executed, and it contains the
program code and its current activity.
• Classifying
• Sorting
• Calculating
• Summarizing
• Comparing

Output
- Output is presented to users in various report formats like printed report, audio, video or
on monitor.
• Text
• Graphics
• Audio
• Video

A hardware is an output device if it gives the results done by the computer. Some of the
common devices are: monitor, which displays the text, graphics and documents done in the
computer; the printer, it prints on the paper the text and graphics that you have inputted to.
Speakers and headphones are output device because through them you could hear sounds
and music coming from your computer.

Storage

- Storage is a location which data instruction and in which data, instruction and
information are held for future use
- Every computer uses to hold system software and application software
- A storage medium, also called secondary storage is the physical material in the
computer that keeps data, instruction and information.

12
Types of Data Processing Manual Data Processing

The process of data entry implies many opportunities for errors, such as:
• Delays in data capture
• A high amount of operator misprints,
• High labor costs from the amount of manual labor required etc.

Electronic data processing

• Use of computers for recording, manipulating, and summarizing data
• Computer can help
• Accuracy
• Speed
• Consistency
• Storage capacity
• Automation

Computer data processing

The eleven data of processing operations in a computer are:

• Recording
• Verifying
• Duplicating
• Classifying
• Sorting
• Calculating
13
 • Summarizing and reporting
• Merging
• Storing
• Retrieving
• Feedback

The components involved data processing

• Central Processing Unit (CPU)

• Computer Memory (RAM and ROM)
• Data bus
• Ports
• Motherboard
• Hard disk
• Output Devices
• Input Devices

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

14
Computer Memory (RAM and ROM)

• When the computer is doing any job, the data that have to be processed are
stored in the primary memory
• The following terms related to memory of a computer are discussed below:
o Random Access Memory (RAM) o Read Only Memory
(ROM) o Programmable read-only memory (PROM) o Cache
Memory
o Registers

Input Devices

- Keyboard: The layout of keyboard is just like the traditional typewriter of the type
QWERTY
- Mouse: It rolls on a small ball and has two or three buttons on the top
- Scanner: Scanner is an optical device that can input any graphical matter and display it
back

15
Output Devices

- Visual Display Unit: It is also called the monitor

- Speaker
- Printer: It is an important output device which can be used to get a printed copy of the
processed text or result on paper.

16
17
Computer Processing Operations

A computer can perform only the following four operations which enable computers to carry out
the various data processing activities we have just discussed

- Input/Output Operations
- Calculation and text manipulation operations
- Logic/Comparison Operations
- Storage and Retrieval Operations

Lesson
Access Information Using
3 Computer

What I Need to Know

At the end of this lesson, you should be able to:

1. Select correct program/application based on job requirements;
2. Access program/ application containing the information required according to company
procedures;
3. Select, open and close desktop for navigation purposes; and
4. Carry out keyboard techniques in line with OHS requirements

Information access is the freedom or ability to identify, obtain and make use of database or
information effectively. There are various research efforts in information access for which the
objective is to simplify and make it more effective for human users to access and further
process large and unwieldy amounts of data and information.

What’s In

DESKTOP FUNDAMENTALS

THE DESKTOP (Overview)

18
The desktop is the main screen area that you see after you turn on your computer and log on to
Windows. Like the top of an actual desk, it serves as a surface of your work. When you open
programs or folders, they appear on the desktop. You can also put things on the desktop, such
as files and folders, and arrange them however you want.

The desktop is sometimes defined more broadly to include the taskbar and Windows Sidebar.
The taskbar sits at the bottom of your screen. It shows you which programs are running and
allows you to switch between them. It also contains the start button, which you can use to
access programs, folders and computer settings. On the other side of the screen, Sidebar
contains small programs called gadgets.

Where did my desktop go?

Because programs run on top of the desktop, the desktop itself is often partially or
completely hidden. But it’s still there, underneath everything. To see the while desktop without
closing any of your open programs or windows, click the Show Desktop button on the taskbar.
The desktop is revealed. Click the icon again and restore all of your windows to the way they
were.

Working with desktop icons

Icons are small pictures that represents files, programs and other items. When you first start
Windows, you’ll see at least one icon in your desktop: the Recycle Bin (more on that later). Your
computer manufacturer might have added other icons on the desktop. Some examples of
desktop icons are shown below.

Adding and removing icons from the desktop

You can choose which icons appear on the desktop – you can add or remove an icon anytime.
Some people like a clean, uncluttered desktop with few or no icons. Others place dozens of
icons on their desktop to give them quick access to frequently used programs, files and folders.
19
 If you want easy access from the desktop to your favorite files or programs, create shortcuts to
them. A shortcut is an icon that represents a link to an item, rather than the item itself. When
you double click a shortcut, the item opens. If you delete a shortcut, only the shortcut is
removed, not the original item. You can identify shortcuts by the arrow on their icon.

1. Locate the item that you want to create a shortcut for.

2. Right click the item, click Send To, and the click Desktop. The shortcut icon appears on
your desktop.

Moving icons around

Windows stacks icons in columns on the left side of the desktop. But you’re not stuck with that
arrangement. You can move icon by dragging it to a new place on the desktop.

Selecting multiple icons

To move or delete a bunch of icons at once, you must first select all of them. Click an empty
area of the desktop and drag the mouse. Surround the icons that you want to select with the
rectangle that appears. Then release the mouse button. Now you can drag the icons as a group
or delete them.

Hiding desktop icons

If you want to temporarily hide all of your desktop icons without actually removing them, right
click an empty part of your desktop, click View and then click Show Desktop Icons to clear the
check mark from that option. Now no icons are displayed on the desktop. You can get them
back by clicking Show Desktop Icon again.

THE START MENU (Overview)

The start menu is the main gateway to your computer’s programs, folders and settings. It’s
called a menu because it provides a list of choices, just as a restaurant menu does. And as
“Start” implies, it’s often the place that you’ll go to start or open things.

Use the Start menu to do these common activities:

1. Start programs
2. Open commonly used folders

20
 3. Search for files, folders and programs
4. Adjust computer settings
5. Get help with the Windows operating system
6. Turn off the computer
7. Log off from windows or switch to a different user account

The Start menu is divided into three basic parts:

a. The large pane shows a short list of programs on your computer. Your computer
manufacturer can customize this list, so its exact appearance will vary. Clicking All
Programs displays a complete list of programs.
b. In the lower left corner is the search box, which allows to look for the programs and files
on your computer by typing in search terms.
c. The right pane provides access to commonly used folders, files, settings and features.
It’s also where you go to log off from windows or turn off your computer.

The Search box

It is one of the most convenient ways to find thins on your computer. The exact location of the
items doesn’t matter – the Search box will scour your programs and all of the folders in your
personal folder (which includes Documents, Pictures, Music, desktop, and other common
locations). It will also search your e-mail messages, saved instant messages, appointments and
contacts.

21
 To use the Search box, open the Start menu and start typing. You don’t need to click
inside the box first. As you type, the search results appear above the Search box in the left
pane of the Start menu.

A program, file or folder will appear as a result if:

a. Any word in its title matches or begins with your search terms.
b. Any text in the actual contents of the file – such as the text in a word-processing
document – matches or begins with your search term.
c. Any word in a property of the file, such as the author, matches or begins with your
search term.

The Recycle Bin

When you delete a file or folder, it doesn’t actually get deleted right away – it goes to the
Recycle Bin. That’s a good thing, because if you ever change your mind and decide you need a
deleted file, you can get it back.

The recycle bin when empty (left) and full (right).

If you’re sure that you won’t need the deleted items again, you can empty the Recycle Bin that
will permanently delete the items and reclaim any disk space they were using.

What’s New

It is important to familiarize the in selecting and accessing program/applications containing the

information. Identify the following programs/applications below. Write your answer on the
spaces provided.
_____________1. It sits at the bottom of the desktop screen.
_____________2. It contains small programs called gadgets.
_____________3. These are small pictures that represents flies, folders, programs and other
items.
_____________4. It is an icon that represents a link to an item.
_____________5. It provides a list of choices, just as a restaurant does.

Name five programs that can be seen in the desktop screen.

6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

22
 What is It

USING THE KEYBOARD

Whether you’re writing a letter or entering numerical data, the keyboard is the main way to enter
information into the computer. But did you know you can also use the keyboard to control your
computer? Learning just a few simple keyboard commands (instructions to your computer) can
help you work efficiently.

How the keys are organized

The keys on the keyboard can be divided into several groups based on function:
a. Typing (alphanumeric) keys. These keys include the same letter, number,
punctuation, and symbol keys found in a traditional typewriter.
b. Control keys. These keys are used alone or in combination with other keys to perform
certain actions. The most frequently used control keys are CTRL, ALT, the Windows
logo key and ESC.
c. Function keys. The function keys are used to perform specific tasks. Theys are labeled
as F1, F2, F3 and so on up to F12.the functionality of these keys differ from program to
program.
d. Navigation keys. These keys are used for moving around in documents or webpages
and editing text. They include the arrow keys, HOME, END, PAGE UP, PAGE DOWN,
DELETE and INSERT.
e. Numeric keypad. The numeric keypad is handy for entering numbers quickly. The keys
are grouped together in a block like a conventional calculator or adding machine.

The following illustration shows how these keys are arranged on a typical keyboard. Your
keyboard layout may differ.

23
Typing Text

Whenever you need to type something in a program, e-mail message or text box, you’ll see a
blinking vertical line (l). That’s the cursor, also called insertion point. It shows where the text that
you type will begin. You can move the cursor by clicking in the desired location with the mouse,
or by using the navigation keys.
In addition to letters, numerals, punctuation marks, and symbols, the typing keys include SHIFT,
CAPS LOCK, the TAB key, ENTER, the SPACEBAR and BACKSPACE.

Key name How to use it

SHIFT Press SHIFT in combination with a letter to type an uppercase letter.
Press SHIFT in combination with another key to type the symbol
shown on the upper part of that key.
CAPS LOCK Press CAPS LOCK once to type all letters as uppercase. Press
CAPS LOCK again to turn this function off. Your keyboard may have
alight indicating whether CAPS LOCK is on.
TAB Press the TAB key to move the cursor several spaces forward. You
can also press the TAB key to move to the next text box on a form.

ENTER Press ENTER to move the cursor to the beginning of the next line. In
a dialog, press ENTER to select the highlighted button.
SPACEBAR Press the SPACEBAR to move the cursor one space forward.
BACKSPACE Press BACKSPACE to delete the character before the cursor, or the
selected text.

Using keyboard shortcuts

Keyboard shortcuts are ways to perform actions by using the keyboard. They’re called shortcuts
because they help your work faster. In fact, any action or command you can perform with a
mouse can be performed faster using one or more keys on your keyboard.

In Help topics, a plus sign (+) between two or more keys indicates that those keys should be
pressed in combination. For example, CTRL+A
means to press and hold CTRL and then press
A. CTRL+SHIFT+A means to press and hold
CTRL and SHIFT and then press A. Find
program shortcuts
You can do things in most programs by using
the keyboard. To see which commands you
have keyboard shortcuts, open a menu. The
shortcuts (if available) are shown next to the
menu items.

Choose menus, commands and options

You can open menus and choose commands and
other options using your keyboard. When you press
ALT in a program with menus, one letter in each of
the menu names become underlined. Press an

24
underlined letter to open the corresponding menu. Press the underlined letter in a menu item to
choose that command.

Press ALT+F to open the File menu, then press P to choose the Print command. This trick
works in dialog boxes too. Whenever you see an underlined letter attached to an option in a
dialog box, it means you can press ALT plus that letter to choose that option.

Useful shortcuts

The following table lists some of the most useful keyboard shortcuts.
Press this To do this
Open the start menu
Windows logo key
ALT+TAB Switch between open programs or windows

ALT+F4 Close the active item or exit the ative

program
CTRL+S Save the current file or document (works in
most programs)
CTRL+C Copy the selected item
CTRL+X Cut the selected item
CTRL+V Paste the selected item
CTRL+Z Undo an action
CTRL+A Select all items in a document or window

F1 Display Help for a program or Windows

Windows logo key +F1 Display Windows Help and Support
ESC Cancel the current task
Open a menu of commands related to a
Application key
selection in a program. Equivalent to right
clicking the selection.

Using navigation keys

The navigation keys allow you to move the cursor, move around in documents and webpages
and edit text. The following table lists some common functions of these keys.

Press this To do this

LEFT ARROW, RIGHT ARROW, UP Move the cursor or selection one space or
ARROW or DOWN ARROW line the direction of the arrow, or scroll a
webpage in the direction of the arrow.
HOME Move the cursor to the beginning of a line or
move to the top of a webpage.
END Move the cursor to the end of a line or move
to the bottom of a webpage.
CTRL+HOME Move to the top of a document.
CTRL+END Move to the bottom of a document
PAGE UP Move the cursor or page up one screen

25
 PAGE DOWN Move the cursor or page down one screen

DELETE Delete the character after the cursor or the

selected text; in Windows, delete the
selected item and move it to the Recycle
Bin.
INSERT Turn Insert mode off or on. When Insert
mode is on, text that you type is inserted at
the cursor. When Insert mode is off, text
that you type replaces existing characters.

Using the numeric keypad

The numeric keypad arranges the numerals 0 through 9, the arithmetic

operators + (addition), - (subtraction), * (multiplication) and / (division), and
the decimal point as they would appear on a calculator or adding machine.
These characters are duplicated elsewhere on the keyboard, of course, but
the keypad arrangement allows you to rapidly enter numerical data or
mathematical operations with one hand.

To use the numeric keypad to enter numbers, press NUM LOCK. Most keyboards have light
that indicates whether NUM LOCK is on or off. When NUM LOCK is off, the numeric keypad
functions as a second navigation keys (these functions are printed on the keys next to the
numerals or symbols).
You can use your numeric keypad to perform simple calculations with Calculator.

Tips for using your keyboard safely

Using your keyboard properly can help avoid soreness or injury to your wrists, hands and arms,
particularly if you use your computer for long periods of time. Here are some tips to help you
avoid problems:
1. Place your keyboard at elbow level. Your upper arms should be relaxed at your sides.
2. Center your keyboard in front of you. If your keyboard has a numeric keypad, you can
use the space bar as the centering point.
3. Type with your hands and wrist floating above the keyboard, so that you can use your
whole arm to reach distant keys instead of stretching your fingers.
4. Avoid resting your palms or wrists in any type of surface while typing. If your keyboard
has a palm rest, use it only during breaks from typing.
5. While typing, use a light touch and keep your wrists straight.
6. When you’re not typing, relax your arms and hands.
7. Take short breaks from computer use every 15 to 20minutes.

Cleaning the Keyboard

A dirty keyboard doesn't look nice, and can cause your keyboard to not work properly. Dust,
food, liquid, or other particles can get stuck underneath the keys, which can cause them not
26
 to work. Check your owner's manual to see if the manufacturer has provided you with
instructions for your specific keyboard. If so, you should follow them. If not, the following
steps are basic cleaning tips that will help you keep your keyboard clean:
1. Unplug the keyboard from the USB or PS/2 port. If the keyboard is plugged into the
PS/2 port, you will need to shut down the computer before unplugging it.
2. Turn the keyboard upside down and gently shake it to remove dirt and dust.
3. Use a can of compressed air to clean between the keys.
4. Moisten a cotton cloth or paper towel with rubbing alcohol, and use it to clean the tops
of the keys. Do not pour alcohol (or any other liquid) directly onto the keys.
5. Reconnect the keyboard to the computer once it is dry. If you are connecting it to a
PS/2 port, you will need to connect it before turning the computer on.

Activity 2.
Direction: Answer the following questions briefly and concise in a separate paper
Questions:

1. In your own observation, does knowing the keyboard shortcuts helps you in doing your work
quickly? Why?

2. Why is there a need to know and practice in using the keyboard properly?

https://app.quizalize.
com/view/quiz/comp
uter-systems-
servicing-09f524bb-
b84e-4eae-897a-
a04b7f0887ba

27