Integrated Design1 Building

DEBRE BIRHAN UNIVERSITY
INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
Integrated Civil Engineering Design I Semester Project
(Structural Part)
Prepared By: - Section 2, Group 4 Members
Name ID Number
1. Fetene Nigussie……………………………………………………………………198/06
2. Abraham Temesgen……………………………………………………………….1179/06
3. Yirga Belayneh……………………………………………………………………335/06
4. Meriem Hassen…………………………………………………………………….641/05
5. Abeba Worku………………………………………………………………………177/06
6. SmachewAwani……………………………………………………………………822/06
7. Addisu Esayas………………………………………………………………………257/06
8. EyoelA gizew………………………………………………………………………365/09
9. SelamMamuye……………………………………………………………………..988/06
10. Kidist Demtse………………………………………………………………………633/06
11. Biruk Endalkachew………………………………………………………………..188/06
12. Serkalem Regassa…………………………………………………………………..821/06
13. Temesgen Asrat…………………………………………………………………….743/06
14. Hiwot Gebru………………………………………………………………………..965/06
15. Hanna Sintayehu…………………………………………………………………...543/06
16. Birhane Ayele………………………………………………………………………102/05
G+4 Residential Building Design and Analysis
Table of Contents
ACKNOWLEDGMENT......................................................................................................................................................... 4
Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................................. 5
1. Solid Slab Design ............................................................................................................................................................ 7
1.1. Dead Load Calculation............................................................................................................................................ 9
1.2. Design Dead load and Live Load for each panel .................................................................................................. 10
1.3. Partition wall dead load computation.................................................................................................................... 12
Design Dead Load Calculation ..................................................................................................................................... 12
2. Moment Analysis .......................................................................................................................................................... 13
2.1. Moment Calculation for two way slab using coefficient method ......................................................................... 13
2.2. Moment calculation for one way cantilever .......................................................................................................... 15
2.3. Moment adjustment between panels ..................................................................................................................... 16
2.3.1. Support moment adjustment ......................................................................................................................... 16
2.3.2. Field Moment Adjustment ............................................................................................................................ 19
2.3.3. Finalized moment (span) moments ............................................................................................................... 22
2.3.4. Adjusted support and span Moments ............................................................................................................ 22
3. Check depth for flexure................................................................................................................................................. 22
4. Reinforcement design ................................................................................................................................................... 23
Reinforcement Detail for slab ....................................................................................................................................... 24
5. Load Transfer to Beams ................................................................................................................................................ 25
5.1. Dead Load Transfer to beams ............................................................................................................................... 29
5.2. Live load transfer To Beams ................................................................................................................................. 30
6. Beam Design ................................................................................................................................................................. 32
7.1 Design of Beam for flexure ................................................................................................................................... 32
7.1.1 Reinforcement design for span moment for first floor beams....................................................................... 34
Debre Birhan University Institute of Technology, November, 2016 Page 2

7.1.2 Reinforcement Design for support moment for first floor beams ................................................................. 36
7.2 Design of Beam for Shear ..................................................................................................................................... 38
Reinforcement detail for beam on axis A-A ................................................................................................................. 40
7. Wind Load Analysis...................................................................................................................................................... 41
a) Reference wind pressure (𝒒𝒓𝒆𝒇) .............................................................................................................................. 41
b) Exposure coefficient 𝑪𝒆𝒛 .......................................................................................................................................... 41

ACKNOWLEDGMENT
We would like to thank Almighty God for helping us to do this project with full confidence. Second, we would like to
express our deepest gratitude to all who were helpful for us by giving important information regarding the project.
Especially, we are very much thanks to our instructor Muluken Teshome who guided us to have a deep concept in
highway and also he helped us to change our theoretical knowledge to that of a practical one, in this semester project we
try to know the main ideas (concepts) in both Geometric and drainage design also the project helps us to improve our
creativity.

Introduction
In this senior project we designed a G+4, Residential building located in Debre Birhan Town. In our design we
included detailed structural design of slab and beam.
All the structural members are designed as per the specification of Ethiopian Building code of Standards, EBCS and
We used Limit state design method. But in some parts we used ACI code in places where it is better to use this code.
Specification
 Purpose – Residential Building

 Approach- Limit state design method
 Material – Concrete – 30, Steel S – 300, class – I works
 Partial safety factors – concrete, 𝛾𝑐 = 1.5, Steel 𝛾𝑠 = 1.15
 Unit weight of concrete, 𝛾𝑐 = 25𝐾𝑁/𝑚3
Design Data and Materials
 𝑓𝑐𝑘 = 0.8*30MPa =24MPa

 𝑓𝑐𝑡𝑘 = 0.21*𝑓𝑐𝑘 2/3 =1.547MPa
𝑓
 𝑓𝑐𝑑 = 0.85* 𝛾𝑐𝑘 =11.33MPa
𝑐
𝑓𝑐𝑡𝑘
 𝑓𝑐𝑡𝑑 = 𝛾𝑐
=1.032MPa
 𝑓𝑦𝑘 = 300MPa
 𝑓𝑦𝑑 = 260.87MPa
 Design loads,𝑓𝑑 = 𝛾𝑓 ∗ 𝐹𝑘 ,
Where,
Fk = characteristics loads
γf = partial safety factor for loads
= 1.3 for dead loads
= 1.6 for live loads

1. Solid Slab Design

Floor Plan of slab from first to fourth floor
The following figure shows the typical floor plan layout from first to fourth floor of the project. Fortunately, the floor plan
layout is symmetrical, and hence we will have panels which are exactly the same in function and dimension. These panels
are designated the same as shown in the figure below.
Computation of Depth for deflection
Material used
C-30
S-300
Depth for deflection, d is
fyk Le
d ≥ (0.4 + 0.6 )
400 βa

300 Le
d ≥ (0.4 + 0.6 )
400 βa
Le
d ≥ (0.85)
βa
For Ly>Lx, effective span length Le=Lx, therefore,
LX
d ≥ (0.85)
βa
 𝛽𝑎 Values are obtained by interpolation using span ratios and boundary condition.
 The overall depth D is:
D=d + cover +φ/2
Assuming cover = 15mm and φ12 diameter steel reinforcement
D = d+15mm+12/2,
D = d+21
Computing the values in tabular form,
Table 1 Checking depth for deflection requirement
Panel Boundary Ly Lx Span Type of 𝛽𝑎 d=0.85(Lx/ 𝛽𝑎) D=d+20 DCalc<150m

condition (mm) (mm) ratio supporting (mm) (mm) m…Ok
condition
S1 Type 5 4.2 1.19 End span 38.2 114.7 120 OK
S2 Type3 5 4.2 1.19 End span 38.2 114.7 120 OK
S3 Type2 5 4.7 1.064 End span 39.37 101.47 130 OK
S4 Type 3 5 4.7 1.064 End span 39.37 101.47 130 OK
S5 Type 1 4.7 3 1.567 Interior 39.34 64.84 90 OK
S6 Type 7 2.925 1.2 2.44 Cantilever 10 102 130 OK

1.1. Dead Load Calculation
Figure 1 Sectional Elevation of the slab
Room Function and their finishing Material

No Functions Finishing Thickness Unit Live Load
(cm) Weight(kN/m3) (kN/m2)
1 Bed Room PVC tile 0.2 16 2
2 Living /Dining Room PVC tile 0.2 16 2
3 Kitchen Room Ceramic 2 21 2
4 Corridor PVC tile 0.2 16 5
5 Balcony Marble 3 27 4
6 Toilet and shower Ceramic 2 21 2
Table 2 Room function and finishing material
Dead Load computation based on Function of Room
Thickness Unit weight Dead load Total Dead

Function Material
(m) (KN/m3) (KN/m2) Load (KN/m2)
Bed Room, PVC tile 0.002 16 0.032
Living Cement screed 0.05 23 1.15
RC slab 0.15 25 3.75 5.392
Room,
Corridor Plastering & painting 0.02 23 0.46
Ceramic 0.02 21 0.42
Kitchen,
Cement screed 0.05 23 1.15
Toilet, 5.78
RC slab 0.15 25 3.75
Shower
Plastering & painting 0.02 23 0.46
Marble 0.03 27 0.81
Cement screed 0.05 23 1.15
Balcony 6.17
RC slab 0.15 25 3.75
Plastering & painting 0.02 23 0.46
Table 3Dead load based on function
1.2. Design Dead load and Live Load for each panel
Since an individual panel might have different purpose (function) and finishing material, we might encounter different
live load and dead load in a single panel. In such cases we used the maximum value as a governing dead load or live load
for that panel.
𝑃𝑑 = 1.3𝐷𝐿 + 1.6𝐿𝐿
The design load is calculated in tabular form below.
Calculated Governing Governing

Live Load Pd
Panel Function Dead load Dead load Live Load
(KN/m2) (KN/m2)
(KN/m2) (KN/m2) (KN/m2)
Bed room 5.392 2
S1 5.78 2 10.714
Toilet & shower 5.78 2
S2 Bed Room 5.392 5.392 2 2 10.2096
Toilet 5.78 2
S3 5.78 2 10.714
Living room 5.392 2
Living Room 5.392 2
Kitchen 5.78 2
S4 5.78 5 15.514
Toilet 5.78 2
Corridor 5.392 5
S5 Corridor 5.392 5.392 2 2 10.2096
S6 Balcony 6.17 6.17 4 4 14.421
S7 Balcony 6.17 6.17 4 4 14.421
S8 Balcony 6.17 6.17 4 4 14.421
Table 4: Governing dead and Live loads

1.3. Partition wall dead load computation
Material Data
 Thickness of HCB =150mm

 Thickness of plastering on two side =20mm
 Unit weight of HCB=11KN/m3
 Unit weight of plastering =23KN/m2
 Height of wall =3.05m
Dead load of partition wall = Dead load of plastering +Dead load of HCB
=Hp*tp*Lp*gp+Hw*THCB*LHCB*gHCB
=3.05*0.02*23*L +3.05*0.15*11*L
=1.403L +5.0325L
=6.4355KN/m *L
Dead Load of Partition wall in each panel

Panel Length (m) DL=L*6.4355 (KN) Area (m2) DLpw(KN/m2) =DLpw/Area
S1 6.5 41.82 21 1.991
S2 4.225 27.95 21 1.295
S3 4.5 54.70 23.5 1.232
S4 8.5 48.89 23.5 2.327
S5 7.6 48.91 14.1 3.467
S6 No partition
S7 No partition
S8 No partition
Table 5Dead load of partition wall
Design Dead Load Calculation

Partition wall dead load Design dead load
Panel Pd=1.3DL+1.6LL(KN/m2) DLpw in %
(1.3DLpw) (KN/m2)
S1 10.714 2.59 19.46 13.304
S2 10.2096 1.68 14.12 11.89
S3 10.714 1.60 12.99 12.314
S4 15.514 3.0 16.34 18.544
S5 10.296 4.51 18.7 19.52
S6 14.421 No partition 14.421
Table 6 Design dead load of each panel
 From this tabulated value the percentage of load of partition wall from the total dead load on the corresponding
panel is less than 20%. Therefore, the partition load can be distributed uniformly throughout the panel.
2. Moment Analysis
2.1. Moment Calculation for two way slab using coefficient method
The support and span moments are calculated as
Mi=aipdLx2
Where ai =coefficient given in table
Pd= uniformly distributed design load
Mi=design moment per unit width reference
𝑀𝑥𝑠 = 𝑎𝑥𝑠𝑃𝑑𝐿𝑥2 ,
𝑀𝑥𝑓 = 𝑎𝑥𝑓 𝑃𝑑𝐿𝑥2
𝑀𝑦𝑠 = 𝑎𝑦𝑠 𝑃𝑑𝐿𝑥2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑀𝑦𝑓 = 𝑎𝑦𝑓 𝑃𝑑𝐿𝑥2
Figure 2Support and field Moments

Support Pd Ly/lx Lx2 axs axf ays ayf Mxs Mxf Mys Myf
condition
Panel (KN/m)
S1 13.304 1.19 17.64 0.0486 0.03646 0.0365 0.0295 11.41 8.56 8.56 6.92
S2 11.89 1.19 17.64 0.055 0.0414 0.039 0.03 11.60 9.10 8.17 6.29
S3 12.314 1.064 22.09 0.0422 0.0315 0.039 0.029 11.47 8.57 10.60 7.88
S4 18.544 1.064 22.09 0.0422 0.0315 0.039 0.029 17.27 12.90 15.98 11.88
S5 19.52 1.567 9 0.0546 0.0411 0.032 0.024 9.59 7.22 5.62 4.22
S6 14.421 2.438 1.44 17.69
S7 14.421 2.271 1.44 17.69
S8 14.421 2.5 1.44 17.69
Table 7Moment coefficients

2.2. Moment calculation for one way cantilever
 Thickness of HCB =200mm

 Thickness of plastering on two side =20mm
 Unit weight of HCB=14kN/m3
 Unit weight of plastering =23kN/m3
Load from external wall= (𝐻𝑝1 ∗ 𝐿𝑝1 ∗ 𝑡𝑝1 ∗ 𝑔𝑝1) + (𝐻𝐻𝐶𝐵 ∗ 𝐿𝐻𝐶𝐵 ∗ 𝑡𝐻𝐶𝐵 ∗ 𝑔𝐻𝐶𝐵), moreover the front view of the
HCB wall on the cantilever is shown below.
Load from HCB
=𝐴𝐻𝐶𝐵 𝑡𝐻𝐶𝐵 ∗ 𝛾𝐻𝐶𝐵
=(2.925*1-0.2*2.125)*0.2*14
=2.5m2*0.2m*14kN/m3
=7KN/m
2.125
1.2m
0.2 1 14.421kN/m
1m
Figure 3 Dimension and loads on Balconies
Load from plastering
= (2.925*1.025-0.2*2.125) +0.02*23
=1.15kN
Total load from HCB wall on the cantilever slab
=DLp1+DLHCB
=1.15+7
=8.15KN
Pd=14.421*1 = 14.421kN/mMxs=8.15*1.1+14.421*1.12/2=17.69kN/m
2.3. Moment adjustment between panels
Figure 4 Unadjusted span and support Moments
2.3.1. Support moment adjustment
There are two cases

 Case one: if ML-MS/ML*100<20% then Md=ML+MS/2
 Case two: if ML-MS/ML*100>20% then distribute the unbalanced moment ΔM=ML-MS based on
relative stiffness
𝐾𝑙
𝑀𝑑 = 𝑀𝑙 − ∆𝑀
𝐾𝑙 + 𝐾𝑠
Where,
1
𝐾𝐿 =
𝑳𝒙 𝑜𝑓 𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒𝑟 𝑚𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑖𝑠 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑑
1
𝐾𝑠 =
𝑳𝒙 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑟 𝑚𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑖𝑠 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑑
∆𝑀 = 𝑀𝐿 − 𝑀𝑠
NOTE: if the adjustment is between two way and cantilever, then MD=Mmax
Support adjustment between panel S6and panel S1

 Since panel S6 is cantilever and panel S1 is two way take maximum moment thus
MD=17.69KNm/m
S6
17.69
11.41
S1
Support adjustment between panel S1and panel S2
S1
9.86
8.56
S2
𝑀𝐿 − 𝑀𝑆 9.86 − 8.56
∗ 100 = ∗ 100 = 13.18% < 20%
𝑀𝐿 9.86
8.56 + 9.86
𝑀𝑑 = = 𝟗. 𝟐𝟏𝒌𝑵/𝒎
2
Between panel S1 and S3
S1
𝑀𝐿 − 𝑀𝑆 12.785 − 11.41
11.41 ∗ 100 = ∗ 100 = 10.755% < 20%
12.785 𝑀𝐿 12.785
11.41+12.785
S3 Therefore, 𝑀𝑑 = = 𝟏𝟐. 𝟎𝟗𝟕𝟓𝐤𝐍/𝐦
2
𝑀𝐿 − 𝑀𝑆 15.976 − 11.6
15.976
∗ 100 = ∗ 100 = 27.39% > 20%

𝑀𝐿 15.976
S3 S4
11.6
∆M = 15.976 − 11.6 = 4.376

1 1
𝐾𝐿 = = = 0.213
𝐿𝑥 4.7
1 1
𝐾𝑠 = = = 0.213
𝐿𝑥 4.7

𝐾𝐿
𝑀𝑑 = 𝑀𝐿− ∆𝑀
𝐾𝑆+ 𝐾𝐿
15.976-0.5*4.376=13.788kNm
0.213
𝑀𝑑 = 17.266 − ∗ 4.2 = 𝟏𝟓. 𝟐𝟖𝟐𝒌𝑵𝒎
0.238 + 0.213
Between panels S2 and S4

S2
𝑀𝐿 − 𝑀𝑆
13.066 ∗ 100
𝑀𝐿
17.266
17.266 − 13.066
= ∗ 100
17.266
S4
= 24.325% > 20%
∆M = 17.266 − 13.066 = 4.2
1 1
𝐾𝐿 = = = 0.213
𝐿𝑥 4.7
1 1
𝐾𝑠 = = = 0.238
𝐿𝑥 4.2
𝐾𝐿
𝑀𝑑 = 𝑀𝐿− ∆𝑀
𝐾𝑆+ 𝐾𝐿
0.213
= 17.266 − ∗ 4.2
0.213 + 0.238
= 𝟏𝟓. 𝟐𝟖𝟐𝒌𝑵𝒎
5.0000 3.0000
𝑀𝐿−𝑀𝑆 15.98−10.365
𝑀𝐿
*100= 15.98 ∗ 100=35% >20%
15.976
10.365
S4 S5
ΔM=15.98-10.365 =6.39KNm
1
KL= =0.213
4.7
1
KS= =0.333
3
𝐾𝐿
𝑀𝑑 = 𝑀𝐿 − ∗ 𝛥𝑀
𝐾𝐿 + 𝐾𝑆
0.213
= 15.98 − ∗ 5.611 = 𝟏𝟑. 𝟕𝟖𝟕𝑲𝑵𝒎
0.213 + 0.333
Between panel S5and S8

Since panel 8 is cantilever and panel 5 is two way,

𝑀𝑑 = 𝑀𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 17.69KNm
Since panel 7 is cantilever and panel 3 is two way,
𝑀𝑑 = 𝑀𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 7.69KNm
2.3.2. Field Moment Adjustment
During the adjustment of the support moment, if the field moment increases, an adjustment should be applied to
it.
𝑀𝑥𝑑𝑓 = 𝑀𝑥𝑓 + 𝐶𝑥∆𝑀
𝑀𝑦𝑑𝑓 = 𝑀𝑦𝑓 + 𝐶𝑦∆𝑀
Where ∆𝑀 = 𝑀𝐿 − 𝑀𝑑(all the support)
𝐶𝑥, 𝐶𝑦 = Coefficients for adjusting span moments given in a table

If the field moment increases,adjustment shall be made to the span moment.
Moment diagram along panel S1 and S2
9.86kNm
For panel S1 the span moment increase after determining the final
9.21kNm
8.56kNm support moment
s1 s2 Here, the adjustment to be done.
ΔM'= 8.56-8.365=0.195KNm
𝐿𝑦 5
= = 1.19
𝐿𝑥 4.2
𝐿𝑦 𝐶𝑥 Cy
𝐿𝑥
1.1 0.356 0.220
1.19 0.3398 0.1768
1.2 0.338 0.172
∆𝑀𝑥𝑓 = 𝐶𝑥∆𝑀 = 0.3398 ∗ 0.65 = 0.221KNm
∆𝑀𝑦𝑓 = 𝐶𝑦∆𝑀 = 0.1768 ∗ 0.635 = 0.115KNm

For panel S1 as there is decrease in field moment adjustment is not necessary.
Field moment adjustment between panel S1 and S3
12.785kNm
12.0975kNm The filed moment for panel S1 is reduced and hence, no
11.41kNm
adjustment is required but the field moment of panel S3
S1 S2
isincreased it needed anadjustment.
Decreased
𝐿𝑦
Increased
𝐿𝑥
=5/4.7=1.064 and ΔM=12.785-12.0975=0.6875KN/m
𝐿𝑥
1.0 0.28 0.38
1.1 0.314 0.374
1.064 0.30176 0.374
∆𝑀𝑥𝑓 = 𝐶𝑥∆𝑀 =0.30176*0.6875=0.020746KNm/m
∆𝑀𝑦𝑓 = 𝐶𝑥𝑦∆𝑀′ =0.3376*0.6875=0.2585KNm/m
Moment diagram along panel S3and S4
For panel S3there is decrease in field moment so there is no

adjustment is done.
15.976kNm
13.788kNm
For panel S4 the span moment increase after determining the final
11.6kNm
s3 S4 support moment hence, adjustment has to be done.
𝐿𝑦 5
= = 1.064
𝐿𝑥 4.7
∆𝑀𝑦𝑠=15.976-13.788=2.188kNm
∆𝑀𝑥𝑓 = 𝐶𝑥∆𝑀 =0.36464*2.188=0.798KNm
∆𝑀𝑦𝑓 = 𝐶𝑦∆𝑀 =0.2416*2.188=0.529KNm
Moment diagram along panel 2and 4
17.266kNm
13.066kNm From the moment diagram 4 and 5 need adjustment
15.282kNm
S2 S4 ∆𝑀𝑦𝑆=17.266-15.282=1.984kNm
𝐿𝑦 5
= = 1.064
𝐿𝑥 4.7

By interpolation method we can get the value of 1.064 of 𝐶𝑥&CY
𝐿𝑦 𝐶𝑥
𝐿𝑥 Cy
1.0 0.28 0.38
1.064 0.30176 0.37616
1.1 0.314 0.374
∆𝑀𝑥𝑓 = 𝐶𝑥∆𝑀 =0.30176*2.68=0.8087KNm/m
∆𝑀𝑦𝑓 = 𝐶𝑦∆𝑀 =0.37616*2.68=1.01KNm/m
Moment diagram along panel 4 and 5

15.976kNm
13.787kNm
10.365kNm
S4 S5
 For panel 5there is decrease in field moment there is no adjustment is done

 For panel 4 there is increase in field so there is adjustment is done
𝐿𝑦 5
= = 1.064 𝛥𝑀′ = 15.98 − 13.787 = 2.189𝐾𝑁𝑚
𝐿𝑥 4.7
𝐿𝑥
1.0 0.38 0.28
1.1 0.356 0.220
1.064 0.36464 0.2416
∆𝑀𝑥𝑓 = 𝐶𝑥∆𝑀 =0.36464*2.189=0.798KNm/m

∆𝑀𝑦𝑓 = 𝐶𝑦∆𝑀 =0.2416*2.189=0.5288KNm/m
𝐿𝑥
1.0 0.38 0.28
1.1 0.356 0.22
1.064 0.36464 0.2416

2.3.3. Finalized moment (span) moments
panel 𝑀𝑥𝑓 (𝐾𝑁𝑚/𝑚) 𝑀𝑦𝑓 (𝐾𝑁𝑚/𝑚)
1 8.56 6.92
2 9.753+0.221=9.974 7.55+0.115=7.665
3 9.6+0.20746=9.807 8.76+0.258=9.018
4 12.9+0.798+0.598=14.296 11.80+0.7463+0.5288+0.529=13.64
5 7.22 4.22
2.3.4. Adjusted support and span Moments
3. Check depth for flexure

Maximum moment=17.69KNm/m
𝑀𝑑
𝑑=√
0.8 ∗ 𝑏 ∗ 𝑓𝑐𝑑 ∗ 𝜌𝑚𝑎𝑥 ∗ 𝑚(1 − 0.4𝜌𝑚𝑎𝑥 ∗ 𝑚)
17.69 ∗ 106
𝑑=√ = 61.5mm
0.8 ∗ 1000 ∗ 13.6 ∗ 0.023 ∗ 23.98(1 − 0.4 ∗ 0.023 ∗ 23.98)
D=d+d'=61.5+21=82.5mm
D=90mm<150mm…………………..safe
4. Reinforcement design
 For the given material data C-30 and S-300
 Effective depth for shorter direction =D-21=150-21=129mm
 Effective depth for longer direction =D-21-12=150-21-12=117mm
 Width b =1000mm
 The depth for each panel in calculating the required area of reinforcement is taken to be the average of the
129+117
effective depth of the longer and shorter direction. Hence; 𝑑 = = 123𝑚𝑚
2
Moment calculate for each panel
Using design chart
𝑀𝑑
√
𝑏 𝑀𝑑
Km= and As=Ks*
𝑑 𝑑
To calculate spacing by selecting diameter of bar as
1000∗𝑎𝑠
S=1000 *as/As where𝑆 =
𝐴𝑆
as=cross sectional area of single bar
As=calculated area of steel
S=spacing
Compute the above result with minimum provision given by our EBCS 1995 code
𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛= 𝝆min*b*d=0.5/𝑓𝑦𝑘*b*d=181.67mm2
20
𝑆𝑚𝑎𝑥 ≤{350Take𝑆𝑚𝑎𝑥 =300mm
300

No of As
𝑴(𝒌𝑵) d(mm) 𝝆𝒎𝒂𝒙 As=𝝆𝒃𝒅 S=b*as/As S ≤ 𝑺𝒎𝒂𝒙
bar provided
17.69 123 0.00470545 578.7698 6 678.5838 195.4098 190
12.097 123 0.00316883 389.7663 4 452.3892 290.167 290
8.56 123 0.00222134 273.225 3 339.2919 413.9346 300
6.92 123 0.00178815 219.9421 2 226.1946 514.2141 300
9.21 123 0.00239408 294.472 3 339.2919 384.068 300
9.974 123 0.00259789 319.5404 3 339.2919 353.9374 300
7.665 123 0.00198447 244.0896 3 339.2919 463.3433 300
15.282 123 0.00403778 496.6469 5 565.4865 227.7217 300
9.807 123 0.00255327 314.052 3 339.2919 360.1228 300
9.018 123 0.00234299 288.1883 3 339.2919 392.4424 250
13.788 123 0.00362817 446.2651 4 452.3892 253.4308 200
14.296 123 0.00376706 463.3482 5 565.4865 244.087 200
13.64 123 0.00358778 441.2973 4 452.3892 256.2837 200
13.783 123 0.00362681 446.0972 4 452.3892 253.5262 250
4.22 123 0.00166667 205 2 226.1946 551.6941 220
7.22 123 0.00186711 229.6545 3 339.2919 492.4671 300
Reinforcement Detail for slab

5. Load Transfer to Beams

NB: For analysis, we transfer un factored dead load and live load by SAP.
Dead load transfer Live load transfer

𝑉𝑥𝑐, 𝐷𝐿 = 𝛽𝑣𝑥 ∗ 𝐷𝐿 ∗ 𝐿𝑥 𝑉𝑥𝑐, 𝐿𝐿 = 𝛽𝑣𝑥 ∗ 𝐿𝐿 ∗ 𝐿𝑥
𝑉𝑦𝑐, 𝐷𝐿 = 𝛽𝑣𝑦 ∗ 𝐷𝐿 ∗ 𝐿𝑥 𝑉𝑦𝑐𝐿𝐿 = 𝛽𝑣𝑦 ∗ 𝐿𝐿 ∗ 𝐿𝑥
Load transfer from panel S1
Live load on panel S1 is 2kN/m2
The live load transferred from panel S1 to each bounding beam is :
Span 𝛣𝑣𝑥𝑐
𝑉𝑥𝑐, 𝐿𝐿 = 0.417 ∗ 2𝐾𝑁/𝑚2 ∗ 4.2𝑚 = 3.503𝐾𝑁/𝑀
ratio
𝑉𝑥𝑐, 𝐷𝐿 = 0.417 ∗ 7.771 ∗ 4.2 = 13.61𝐾𝑁/𝑀 1.1 0.39
1.19 0.417
𝑉𝑦𝑐, 𝐿𝐿 = 0.36 ∗ 2 ∗ 4.2 = 3.024𝐾𝑁/𝑀 1.2 0.42
𝑉𝑦𝑐, 𝐷𝐿 = 0.36 ∗ 7.771 ∗ 4.2 = 11.75𝐾𝑁/𝑀
𝑉𝑦𝑑, 𝐿𝐿 = 0.24 ∗ 2 ∗ 4.2 = 2.016𝐾𝑁/𝑀
𝑉𝑦𝑑, 𝐷𝐿 = 0.24 ∗ 7.771 ∗ 4.2 = 7.833𝐾𝑁/𝑀
DL=6.687KN/m2
LL=2N/m2
Ly/Lx 𝛽𝑣𝑥𝑐 𝛽𝑣𝑥𝑑 𝛽𝑣𝑦𝑐 𝛽𝑣𝑦𝑑

DEAD LOAD 1.1 0.44 0.27
1.19 0.467 0.308 0.40 0.26
𝑉𝑥𝑐, 𝐷𝐿 = 𝛽𝑣𝑥𝑐 ∗ 𝐷𝐿 ∗ 𝐿𝑥 = 0.436 ∗ 6.687 ∗ 4.2 1.2 0.47 0.29
= 12.245𝐾𝑁/𝑚
𝑉𝑥𝑑, 𝐷𝐿 = 𝛽𝑣𝑥𝑑 ∗ 𝐷𝐿 ∗ 𝐿𝑥 = 0.288 ∗ 6.687 ∗ 4.2 = 8.089𝐾𝑁/𝑚
𝑉𝑦𝑐𝐷𝐿 = 𝛽𝑣𝑦𝑐 ∗ 𝐷𝐿 ∗ 𝐿𝑥 = 0.36 ∗ 6.687 ∗ 4.2 = 10.111𝐾𝑁/𝑚
𝑉𝑦𝑑𝐷𝐿 = 𝛽𝑣𝑦𝑑 ∗ 𝐷𝐿 ∗ 𝐿𝑥 = 0𝐾𝑁/𝑚
LIVE LOAD

𝑉𝑥𝑐, 𝐿𝐿 = 𝛽𝑣𝑥𝑐 ∗ 𝐿𝐿 ∗ 𝐿𝑥 = 0.467 ∗ 2 ∗ 4.2 = 3.923 𝐾𝑁/𝑚
𝑉𝑥𝑑, 𝐿𝐿 = 𝛽𝑣𝑥𝑑 ∗ 𝐿𝐿 ∗ 𝐿𝑥 = 0.308 ∗ 2 ∗ 4.2 = 2.587 𝐾𝑁/𝑚
𝑉𝑦𝑐, 𝐿𝐿 = 𝛽𝑣𝑦𝑐 ∗ 𝐿𝐿 ∗ 𝐿𝑥 = 0.4 ∗ 2 ∗ 4.2 = 3.36 𝐾𝑁/𝑚
𝑉𝑥𝑑, 𝐿𝐿 = 𝛽𝑣𝑥𝑑 ∗ 𝐿𝐿 ∗ 𝐿𝑥 = 0.26 ∗ 2 ∗ 4.2 = 2.184𝐾𝑁/𝑚
DL=7.012KN/m2
𝐿𝑦/𝐿𝑥 𝛽𝑣𝑥𝑐 𝛽𝑣𝑥𝑑 𝛽𝑣𝑦𝑐 𝛽𝑣𝑦𝑑
LL=2KN/m 2 1.0 0.36
1.064 0.38 0.36 0.24
DEAD LOAD 1.1 0.39
𝑉𝑥𝑐, 𝐷𝐿 = 𝛽𝑣𝑥𝑐 ∗ 𝐷𝐿 ∗ 𝐿𝑥 = 0.467 ∗ 6.687 ∗ 4.2 = 13.116𝐾𝑁/𝑚
𝑉𝑥𝑑, 𝐷𝐿 = 𝛽𝑣𝑥𝑑 ∗ 𝐷𝐿 ∗ 𝐿𝑥 = 0.308 ∗ 6.687 ∗ 4.2 = 8.65𝐾𝑁/𝑚
𝑉𝑦𝑐𝐷𝐿 = 𝛽𝑣𝑦𝑐 ∗ 𝐷𝐿 ∗ 𝐿𝑥 = 0.4 ∗ 6.687 ∗ 4.2 = 11.23𝐾𝑁/𝑚
𝑉𝑦𝑑𝐷𝐿 = 𝛽𝑣𝑦𝑑 ∗ 𝐷𝐿 ∗ 𝐿𝑥 = 0.26 ∗ 6.687 ∗ 4.2 = 3.825𝐾𝑁/𝑚
LIVE LOAD
𝑉𝑥𝑑, 𝐿𝐿 = 𝛽𝑣𝑥𝑑 ∗ 𝐿𝐿 ∗ 𝐿𝑥 = 0 𝐾𝑁/𝑚
Load transfer for panel S4

DL=8.107Kn/m
LL=5Kn/m
DEAD LOAD 1.0 0.36 0.24
1.064 0.3856 0.2592 0.36 0
𝑉𝑥𝑐, 𝐷𝐿 = 𝛽𝑣𝑥𝑐 ∗ 𝐷𝐿 ∗ 𝐿𝑥 1.1 0.4 0.27
= 0.3856 ∗ 8.107 ∗ 4.7
= 14.69𝐾𝑁/𝑚

𝑉𝑥𝑑, 𝐷𝐿 = 𝛽𝑣𝑥𝑑 ∗ 𝐷𝐿 ∗ 𝐿𝑥
= 0.2592 ∗ 8.107 ∗ 4.7
= 9.876𝐾𝑁/𝑚
𝑉𝑦𝑐, 𝐷𝐿 = 𝛽𝑣𝑦𝑐 ∗ 𝐷𝐿 ∗ 𝐿𝑥
= 0.36 ∗ 8.107 ∗ 4.7
= 13.717𝐾𝑁/𝑚
𝑉𝑦𝑑, 𝐷𝐿 = 𝛽𝑣𝑦𝑑 ∗ 𝐷𝐿 ∗ 𝐿𝑥 = 0𝐾𝑁/𝑚
LIVE LOAD

1.5 0.45
DEAD LOAD 1.567 0.478 0 0.36 0.24
1.75 0.48
12.704𝐾𝑁
𝑉𝑥𝑐, 𝐷𝐿 = 𝛽𝑣𝑥𝑐 ∗ 𝐷𝐿 ∗ 𝐿𝑥 = 0.478 ∗ 8. =
𝑚
𝑉𝑥𝑑, 𝐷𝐿 = 𝛽𝑣𝑥𝑑 ∗ 𝐷𝐿 ∗ 𝐿𝑥 = 0𝐾𝑁/𝑚
𝑉𝑦𝑐, 𝐷𝐿 = 𝛽𝑣𝑦𝑐 ∗ 𝐷𝐿 ∗ 𝐿𝑥 = 0.36 ∗ 8.859 ∗ 3 = 9.568𝐾𝑁/𝑚
𝑉𝑦𝑑, 𝐷𝐿 = 𝛽𝑣𝑦𝑑 ∗ 𝐷𝐿 ∗ 𝐿𝑥 = 0.24 ∗ 8.859 ∗ 3 = 6.378𝐾𝑁/𝑚
LIVE LOAD
𝑉𝑥𝑐, 𝐿𝐿 = 𝛽𝑣𝑥𝑐 ∗ 𝐿𝐿 ∗ 𝐿𝑥 = 0.0.478 ∗ 5 ∗ 3 = 7.771 𝐾𝑁/𝑚
𝑉𝑦𝑐, 𝐿𝐿 = 𝛽𝑦𝑥𝑐 ∗ 𝐿𝐿 ∗ 𝐿𝑥 = 0.36 ∗ 5 ∗ 3 = 5.4 𝐾𝑁/𝑚

𝑉𝑦𝑑, 𝐿𝐿 = 𝛽𝑦𝑐𝑑 ∗ 𝐿𝐿 ∗ 𝐿𝑥 = 0.24 ∗ 5 ∗ 3 = 3.6 𝐾𝑁/𝑚
From the above load transfer formulas,
V = shear, and the subscripts

x, y imply shorter and longer direction (respectively) of the panel
c, d imply boundary condition of the panel (continuous and discontinuous respectively)
LL, DL imply live load and dead load respectively

5.1. Dead Load Transfer to beams
Dead load transfer To Beams

Support Span Dead
Panel condition Shear ratio Load Lx βvx βvy Vx Vy 0.92Vx 0.92Vy
Vx1 0.417 13.61 0 12.52 0
Vx2 0 0 0 0
s1 Type 2 1.19 7.771 4.2
Vy1 0.36 0 11.75 0 10.81
Vy2 0.24 0 7.833 0 7.2065
Vx1 0.467 13.12 0 12.07 0
Vx2 0.308 8.65 0 7.958 0
2 Type 3 1.19 6.687 4.2
Vy1 0.4 0 11.23 0 10.335
Vy2 0.26 0 7.302 0 6.718
Vx1 0.38 12.52 0 11.52 0
Vx2 0 0 0 0
3 1.064 7.012 4.7
Vy1 0.36 0 11.86 0 10.915
Type2 Vy2 0.24 0 7.91 0 7.2768
Vx1 0.3856 14.69 0 13.52 0
Vx2 0.259 9.869 0 9.079 0
4 1.064 8.107 4.7
Vy1 0.36 0 13.72 0 12.62
Type 3 Vy2 0 0 0 0
Vx1 0.478 12.7 0 11.69 0
Vx2 0 0 0 0
5 1.567 8.859 3
Vy1 0.36 0 9.568 0 8.8023
Type2 Vy2 0.24 0 6.378 0 5.8682
One way
6
cantilever 2.44 15.554 15.55
One way
7
cantilever 2.271 15.554 15.55
One way
8
cantilever 2.5 15.554 15.55
Table 8 Load Transfer to beams
5.2. Live load transfer To Beams
Live load transfer To Beams

Support Span Live
Panel condition Shear ratio Load Lx βvx βvy Vx Vy 0.92Vx 0.92Vy
Vx1 0.417 3.503 3.2226
Vx2 0 0
s1 Type 2 1.19 2 4.2
Vy1 0.36 0 3.024 0 2.7821
Vy2 0.24 0 2.016 0 1.8547
Vx1 0.467 3.923 0 3.609 0
Vx2 0.308 2.587 0 2.3802 0
2 Type 3 1.19 2 4.2
Vy1 0.4 0 3.36 0 3.0912
Vy2 0.26 0 2.184 0 2.0093
Vx1 0.38 3.572 0 3.2862 0
Vx2 0 0 0 0
3 1.064 2 4.7
Vy1 0.36 0 3.384 0 3.1133
Type2 Vy2 0.24 0 2.256 0 2.0755
Vx1 0.3856 9.062 0 8.3367 0
Vx2 0.259 6.087 0 5.5996 0
4 1.064 5 4.7
Vy1 0.36 0 8.46 0 7.7832
Type 3 Vy2 0 0 0 0
Vx1 0.478 7.17 0 6.5964 0
Vx2 0 0 0 0
5 1.567 5 3
Vy1 0.36 0 5.4 0 4.968
Type2 Vy2 0.24 0 3.6 0 3.312
One way
6
cantilever 2.44 15.55
One way
7
One way
8
Table 9 Live Load Transfer tom Beams
6. Beam Design
Beams should be design in such a way that they can carry their own weight in addition to
transferring the load from slabs or roofs (in top tie beams) to the column without excessive
deflection due to moment or cracks from shear force.
The dimensions of the beam are fixed to be 480*200mm from the architectural design of the building.
7.1 Design of Beam for flexure
To determine the load capacity or the size of the beam section, it must satisfy the allowable stress in
both flexure (bending) and shear stress. Flexure is usually the governing stress for long beams.
Determination of depth for deflection
The minimum depth for deflection requirement is given by the equation:
0.6𝑓𝑦𝑘 𝐿𝑒
𝑑 ≥ (0.4 + )×
400 𝛽𝑎
- Checking with maximum, 𝐿𝑒 =5000 mm
- 𝛽𝑎 =24, for end span
- 𝛽𝑎 =26, for interior span
- Checking using min 𝛽𝑎 =24
0.6 × 300 5000

𝑑 ≥ (0.4 + )×
400 24
𝑑 ≥ 177.08𝑚𝑚
It is less than the used depth,

20
𝑑 = 450 − 25 − 2
− 8 = 407𝑚𝑚 , hence it fulfills deflection requirement.
Design constants
30
0.85𝑓𝑐𝑘 ( )𝑀𝑝𝑎
 𝑓𝑐𝑑 = 𝛾𝑐
= 0.85 × 1.25
1.5
= 13.6 𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝑓𝑦𝑘 300𝑀𝑝𝑎
 𝑓𝑦𝑑 = 𝛾𝑠
= 1.15
= 260.87 𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝑓 260.87𝑀𝑝𝑎
 𝑦𝑑
𝑚 = 0.8𝑓 = 0.8×11.33𝑀𝑝𝑎 = 23.98
𝑐𝑑
2.5 2.5
 𝐶1 = 𝑚
= 28.78 = 0.104
 𝐶2 = 0.32𝑚2 𝑓𝑐𝑑 = 0.32 × (23.98)2 × 13.6 𝑀𝑝𝑎 = 2502.6𝑀𝑃𝑎

𝑓𝑦𝑑 260.87𝑀𝑝𝑎
 𝜀𝑠 = 𝐸 = 200×103 𝑀𝑝𝑎 = 0.0013

0.8×𝜀𝑐 𝑓𝑐𝑑 0.8×0.0035×(13.6𝑀𝑝𝑎)

 𝜌𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.75 × ( 𝜀𝑐+ 𝜀𝑠)𝑓𝑦𝑑
= 0.75 × (0.0035+0.0013)×260.87 =0.0228
𝑀𝑝𝑎
0.5 0.5
 𝜌𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 𝑓𝑦𝑘
= 300
= 0.00167
 If 𝜌calculated > 𝜌max, double reinforcement.

 If 𝜌min < 𝜌calculated < 𝜌max, single reinforcement.
 If 𝜌calculated < 𝜌min, use 𝜌min.
The beams are checked if they are rectangular or T-beams.
If 0.8x <ℎ 𝑓 , the beam is treated as rectangular beam, and
If 0.8x > ℎ 𝑓 , the beam if treated as T-beam
Where x = 𝜌used b d, b = 200mm, d =407mm
ℎ 𝑓 = height of flange = 150mm
This is checked using excel and tabulated as below.

7.1.1 Reinforcement design for span moment for first floor beams
Beams on axis A-A
𝒅𝒇𝒍𝒆𝒙𝒖𝒓𝒆 𝒅𝒇𝒍𝒆𝒙𝒖𝒓𝒆 < d Number
Beam 𝑴𝒎𝒂𝒙 𝝆𝒄𝒂𝒍 𝝆𝒖𝒔𝒆𝒅 y y<150 𝑨𝒔 = 𝝆𝒃𝒅 Remark
of bar
1--2 63.86 0.00803 0.00803 261.29 Ok! Singly Re 62.66 Not T-beam 653.2604 2.08045 3dia20
Beams on axis B-B

of bar
Beams on axis C-C

of bar

Beams on axis 1-1

𝒅𝒇𝒍𝒆𝒙𝒖𝒓𝒆 𝒅𝒇𝒍𝒆𝒙𝒖𝒓𝒆 <d Number
of bar
A-B 27.6 0.00331 0.00331 171.78 Ok! Singly Re 25.81 Not T-beam 269.1035 0.85702 2dia20
B-C 21.87 0.0026 0.0026 152.91 Ok! Singly Re 20.31 Not T-beam 211.7537 0.67437 2dia20
Beams on axis 2-2

Beam 𝑴𝒎𝒂𝒙 𝝆𝒄𝒂𝒍 𝝆𝒖𝒔𝒆𝒅 y<150 𝑨𝒔 = 𝝆𝒃𝒅 Remark
of bar
Beams on axis 3-3

of bar
Beams on axis 4-4

of bar
Beams on axis 5-5

of bar
Beams on axis 6-6

Numbe
Beam 𝑴𝒎𝒂𝒙 𝝆𝒄𝒂𝒍 𝝆𝒖𝒔𝒆𝒅 𝒅𝒇𝒍𝒆𝒙𝒖𝒓𝒆 𝒅𝒇𝒍𝒆𝒙𝒖𝒓𝒆 <d y y<150 𝑨𝒔 = 𝝆𝒃𝒅 Remark
r of bar

7.1.2 Reinforcement Design for support moment for first floor beams
Beams on Axis A-A
of bar
1 126.39 0.01765 0.01765 367.59 Ok! Singly Re 137.8 Not T-beam 1437.107 4.57677 5dia20
Beams on axis B-B

of bar
2 135.1 0.01922 0.01922 380.04 Ok! Singly Re 150.1 T-beam 1564.5 4.98248 5dia20
Beams on axis C-C

of bar
Beams on axis 1-1

of bar
A 34.111 0.00412 0.00412 190.96 Ok! Singly Re 32.16 Not T-beam 335.2922 1.06781 2dia20
B 50.415 0.00622 0.00622 232.16 Ok! Singly Re 48.55 Not T-beam 506.197 1.61209 2dia20
C 25.69 0.00307 0.00307 165.73 Ok! Singly Re 23.97 Not T-beam 249.8952 0.79584 2dia20

Beams on axis 2-2

𝑨𝒔 Numbe
Beam 𝑴𝒎𝒂𝒙 𝝆𝒄𝒂𝒍 𝝆𝒖𝒔𝒆𝒅 𝒅𝒇𝒍𝒆𝒙𝒖𝒓𝒆 𝒅𝒇𝒍𝒆𝒙𝒖𝒓𝒆 <d y y<150 Remark
= 𝝆𝒃𝒅 r of bar
Beams on axis 3-3

𝑨𝒔 Numbe
Beams on axis 4-4

𝑨𝒔 Numbe
Beams on axis 5-5

𝒅𝒇𝒍𝒆𝒙𝒖𝒓𝒆 𝒅𝒇𝒍𝒆𝒙𝒖𝒓𝒆 <d 𝑨𝒔 Numbe
Beam 𝑴𝒎𝒂𝒙 𝝆𝒄𝒂𝒍 𝝆𝒖𝒔𝒆𝒅 y y<150 = 𝝆𝒃𝒅
Remark
r of bar
Beams on axis 6-6

𝑨𝒔 Numbe
Beam 𝑴𝒎𝒂𝒙 𝝆𝒄𝒂𝒍 𝝆𝒖𝒔𝒆𝒅 𝒅𝒇𝒍𝒆𝒙𝒖𝒓𝒆 𝒅𝒇𝒍𝒆𝒙𝒖𝒓𝒆 <d Y y<150 Remark

7.2 Design of Beam for Shear
The ultimate limit state of shear is characterized by either:
 Diagonal compression failure of concrete, or

 Failure of web reinforcement due to diagonal tension
According to EBCS-2 1995, in order to prevent diagonal compression failure of concrete, the shear
resistance of the section (𝑉𝑅𝑑 ) should be at least equal to the design shear force developed due to
factored load ( 𝑉𝑠𝑑 ). That is 𝑉𝑅𝑑 ≥ 𝑉𝑠𝑑
𝑉𝑅𝑑 = 0.25𝑓𝑐𝑑 𝑏𝑑
= 0.25 × 267.87 × 200 × 407
= 𝟐𝟕𝟔. 𝟕𝟔𝒌𝑵
𝑉𝑠𝑑 is obtained from the shear diagram at d distance from the
face of the column.
Design for shear may be made separately:
1) When 𝑉𝑠𝑑 < 𝑉𝑐 , the section is adequate, we need to provide only a nominal web
reinforcement, where,
𝑉𝑐 = 0.25𝑓𝑐𝑡𝑑 𝑘1 𝑘2 𝑏𝑑,
Where, 𝑉𝑐 = the shear capacity of concrete

2 2
(𝑓𝑐𝑘 )3 (24)3
𝑓𝑐𝑡𝑑 = 0.21 × = 0.21 × = 𝟏. 𝟏𝟔𝟓𝐌𝐏𝐚
1.5 1.5
𝑘1 = 1 + 50𝜌 ≤ 2
𝑘2 = 1.6 − 𝑑 ≥ 1 = 1.6 − 0.407 = 𝟏. 𝟏𝟗𝟑
b = 200mm, width of the beam
d = 407mm, effective depth of the beam
This reinforcement is given by,
0.4 𝐴𝑣
a) 𝜌𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 𝑓 = 0.00167 = 𝑏𝑠
𝑦𝑘 𝑚𝑎𝑥
b) The maximum spacing of stirrups,
2
𝑆𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.5𝑑 = 0.5 × 407 = 𝟐𝟎𝟑. 𝟓 ≤ 300𝑚𝑚 (𝑖𝑓 𝑉𝑠𝑑 ≤ 3 𝑉𝑅𝑑)
2
𝑆𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.3𝑑 = 0.3 × 407 = 𝟏𝟐𝟐. 𝟏 ≤ 200𝑚𝑚 (𝑖𝑓 𝑉𝑠𝑑 > 𝑉𝑅𝑑)
3
c) The transverse spacing of legs of stirrup shall not exceed 800mm or d, hence
407mm<800mm.
2) When 𝑉𝑐 < 𝑉𝑠𝑑 < 𝑉𝑅𝑑, we need shear reinforcement. The shear force in the stirrup is;
𝑉𝑠 = 𝑉𝑠𝑑 − 𝑉𝑐

𝐴𝑣 𝑑𝑓𝑦𝑑
𝑆𝑉 = , 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑆𝑉 𝑖𝑠 𝑠𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑜𝑓 𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑟𝑟𝑢𝑝
𝑉𝑆
π×82
𝐴𝑣 ×𝑓𝑦𝑑 2× ×267.87
4
𝑆𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.34𝑏
= 0.34×200
= 𝟑𝟖𝟑. 𝟔𝒎𝒎 (Using ø8mm diameter stirrup)
Beams on Axis A-A

Member 𝝆𝒖𝒔𝒆𝒅 𝑽𝒎𝒂𝒙 𝑽𝒔𝒅 k1 𝑽𝒄 Vs Spacing Remark
1--2 0.008025 144.945 108.438 1.40125 55.48485 52.95315 200.5057 ø8c /c200
2--3 0.00336 69.126 56.294 1.168 46.24893 10.04507 383.6 ø8c /c380
3--4 0.0058 38.943 37.501 1.29 51.07972 0 203.5 ø8c /c200
4--5 0.00336 69.126 56.294 1.168 46.24893 10.04507 383.6 ø8c /c380
5--6 0.008025 144.945 108.438 1.40125 55.48485 52.95315 200.5057 ø8c /c200
Beams on Axis 1-1

Member 𝝆𝒖𝒔𝒆𝒅 𝑽𝒎𝒂𝒙 𝑽𝒔𝒅 k1 𝑽𝒄 Vs Spacing Remark
A--B 0.003306 62.929 34.287 1.165297 46.1419 0 203.5 ø8c /c200
B--C 0.002601 58.652 42.375 1.13007 44.74702 0 203.5 ø8c /c200

Reinforcement detail for beam on axis A-A

7. Wind Load Analysis

External pressure,𝑤𝑒 = 𝑞𝑟𝑒𝑓 ∗ 𝑐𝑒(𝑧)𝑐𝑝𝑒
Where, 𝑞𝑟𝑒𝑓= reference wind pressure
𝑐𝑒(𝑧) = Exposure coefficient
𝐶𝑝𝑒= external pressure coefficient
a) Reference wind pressure (𝒒𝒓𝒆𝒇 )

1
𝑞𝑟𝑒𝑓 = ∗ 𝜌 ∗ 𝑣𝑟𝑒𝑓 2
2
Where
ρ=air density (depend on altitude, temperature & pressure)
𝑉𝑟𝑒𝑓=reference wind velocity (22m/s)
Air density is obtained from tabulated values with the corresponding site altitude and temperature
(200 𝑐 generally take) ρ=0.94 for elevation of 2700 above sea level.
1
𝑞𝑟𝑒𝑓 = ∗ 0.94 ∗ 222 = 227.48𝑘𝑔/𝑚𝑠 2
2
b) Exposure coefficient 𝑪𝒆(𝒛)
Exposure coefficient is a function of roughness, terrain category and topography
7𝐾𝑇
𝐶𝑒(𝑧) = 𝑐𝑟 2 (𝑧) ∗ 𝑐𝑡 2 (𝑧) [1 + ]
𝐶𝑟(𝑧)∗𝐶𝑇(𝑍)
Where
𝐾𝑡 = 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑎𝑖𝑛 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟
𝐶𝑟(𝑧) = 𝑟𝑜𝑢𝑔ℎ𝑛𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡
𝐶𝑡(𝑧) = 𝑇𝑜𝑝𝑜𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑝ℎ𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡
𝑧
𝐶𝑟(𝑧) = {𝐾𝑇𝑙𝑛( } 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑧𝑚𝑖𝑛 < 𝑧 < 200
𝑧𝑜
𝑧𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝐾𝑇𝑙𝑛 𝑧𝑚𝑖𝑛 > 𝑧
𝑧𝑜
Terrain category III (sub urban and industrial areas and permanent forests)
KT=0.22
Z0=0.3m
Z=8m
Z=18.36m>Zmin=8m
Therefore

𝑧 18.36
𝐶𝑟(𝑧) = 𝑘𝑇𝑙𝑛 ( ) = 0.22 ∗ 𝑙𝑛( ) = 0.91
𝑧0 0.3
Ct=1(our site is not specify and we can consider one)
𝐹𝑜𝑟 Ѳ = 00
AF=A1+A2=3.078+8.022=11.11m2 AK = A1+A2=17.1𝑚2
AG = 28.5m2 AI = A1+A2=40.38𝑚2
AM = 15.34𝑚2
2
AH = A1+A2=78.5m
AJ = 8.95𝑚2
AL = A1+A2=9.71+1.54=11.25m2

FOR =900
Pitch angle =230


Integrated Design1 Building

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DEBRE BIRHAN UNIVERSITY

Integrated Civil Engineering Design I Semester Project

1. Solid Slab Design ............................................................................................................................................................ 7

1.1. Dead Load Calculation............................................................................................................................................ 9

1.3. Partition wall dead load computation.................................................................................................................... 12

Design Dead Load Calculation ..................................................................................................................................... 12

2. Moment Analysis .......................................................................................................................................................... 13

2.2. Moment calculation for one way cantilever .......................................................................................................... 15

2.3. Moment adjustment between panels ..................................................................................................................... 16

2.3.1. Support moment adjustment ......................................................................................................................... 16

2.3.2. Field Moment Adjustment ............................................................................................................................ 19

2.3.3. Finalized moment (span) moments ............................................................................................................... 22

2.3.4. Adjusted support and span Moments ............................................................................................................ 22

3. Check depth for flexure................................................................................................................................................. 22

4. Reinforcement design ................................................................................................................................................... 23

Reinforcement Detail for slab ....................................................................................................................................... 24

5. Load Transfer to Beams ................................................................................................................................................ 25

5.1. Dead Load Transfer to beams ............................................................................................................................... 29

5.2. Live load transfer To Beams ................................................................................................................................. 30

6. Beam Design ................................................................................................................................................................. 32

7.1 Design of Beam for flexure ................................................................................................................................... 32

Debre Birhan University Institute of Technology, November, 2016 Page 2

7.2 Design of Beam for Shear ..................................................................................................................................... 38

Reinforcement detail for beam on axis A-A ................................................................................................................. 40

7. Wind Load Analysis...................................................................................................................................................... 41

a) Reference wind pressure (𝒒𝒓𝒆𝒇) .............................................................................................................................. 41

b) Exposure coefficient 𝑪𝒆𝒛 .......................................................................................................................................... 41

Debre Birhan University Institute of Technology, November, 2016 Page 3

Debre Birhan University Institute of Technology, November, 2016 Page 4

 Purpose – Residential Building

Design Data and Materials

 𝑓𝑐𝑘 = 0.8*30MPa =24MPa

γf = partial safety factor for loads

= 1.3 for dead loads

= 1.6 for live loads

Debre Birhan University Institute of Technology, November, 2016 Page 6

1. Solid Slab Design

Computation of Depth for deflection

Debre Birhan University Institute of Technology, November, 2016 Page 7

Table 1 Checking depth for deflection requirement

Panel Boundary Ly Lx Span Type of 𝛽𝑎 d=0.85(Lx/ 𝛽𝑎) D=d+20 DCalc<150m

Debre Birhan University Institute of Technology, November, 2016 Page 8

Figure 1 Sectional Elevation of the slab

Room Function and their finishing Material

Thickness Unit weight Dead load Total Dead

The design load is calculated in tabular form below.

Calculated Governing Governing

Debre Birhan University Institute of Technology, November, 2016 Page 11

 Thickness of HCB =150mm

Dead Load of Partition wall in each panel

Design Dead Load Calculation

The support and span moments are calculated as

Where ai =coefficient given in table

Pd= uniformly distributed design load

Mi=design moment per unit width reference

𝑀𝑥𝑓 = 𝑎𝑥𝑓 𝑃𝑑𝐿𝑥2

𝑀𝑦𝑠 = 𝑎𝑦𝑠 𝑃𝑑𝐿𝑥2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑀𝑦𝑓 = 𝑎𝑦𝑓 𝑃𝑑𝐿𝑥2

Figure 2Support and field Moments

S6 14.421 2.438 1.44 17.69

S7 14.421 2.271 1.44 17.69

S8 14.421 2.5 1.44 17.69

Table 7Moment coefficients