SRKR Engineering College (A) Bhimavaram-534204

Department of ECE

Electronic circuit analysis and design Laboratory Manual

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS

HARDWARE
1. FREQUENCY RESPONSE OF RC COUPLED AMPLIFIER
2. FREQUENCY RESPONSE OF NEGATIVE FEEDBACK AMPLIFIER
3. COLPITTS OSCILLATOR
4. RC PHASE SHIFT OSCILLATOR
5. WEIN BRIDGE OSCILLATOR
6. HARTLEY OSCILLATOR
7. BASIC APPLICATIONS OF OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER
8. TUNED VOLTAGE AMPLIFIER

SOFTWARE
1. FREQUENCY RESPONSE OF RC COUPLED AMPLIFIER
2. FREQUENCY RESPONSE OF NEGATIVE FEEDBACK AMPLIFIER
3. COLPITTS OSCILLATOR
4. RC PHASE SHIFT OSCILLATOR
5. WEIN BRIDGE OSCILLATOR
6. HARTLEY OSCILLATOR
7. FREQUENCY RESPONSE OF OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER
8. TUNED VOLTAGE AMPLIFIER

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Department of ECE

1. FREQUENCY RESPONSE OF RC COUPLED AMPLIFIER

AIM: To plot the frequency response of Two stage RC – Coupled Amplifier and to obtain
its band width.

APPARATUS:

S. No Name Value Quantity

1. Power supply 12V 1

2. Transistor CL 100 1
3. Resistors 100KΩ,4.7KΩ,10KΩ Each 2
4. Resistors 1KΩ 3
5. Capacitors 10µF 5
6. Function generator 1
7. CRO 1

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

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MODEL GRAPH:

PROCEDURE:
1. Connect the circuit as shown in the figure.

2. Switch on the power supply and the Function generator.

3. Apply a 5mV sinusoidal signal at the I/P.

4. Vary the frequency in convenient steps and note down the O/P voltage.

5. Tabulate the readings and calculate the gain in dB.

6. Plot a graph between gain and frequency.

7. Determine the bandwidth.

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TABULAR FORM:

Vi=20mV

S.NO Frequency (Hz) Vo (mV) Voltage Gain Gain in dB

Av=(Vo/Vi) (20logAv)

Calculation:

Maximum gain=

FL= FH =

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Bandwidth = FH – FL=

RESULT:

2. FREQUENCY RESPONSE OF NEGATIVE FEEDBACK AMPLIFIER

AIM: To plot the frequency response curve of an amplifier with and without feedback.

APPARATUS:

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Department of ECE
S.No Name Value Quantity

1. Power supply 12V 1

2. Transistor BC107 1
3. Resistors 100KΩ,4.7KΩ,10KΩ Each 1
4. Resistors 1KΩ 2
5. Capacitors 10µF 3
6. Function generator 1
7. CRO 1

CIRCUIT DIAGRAMS

MODEL GRAPH

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PROCEDURE:
AMPLIFIER WITHOUT FEEDBACK:

1. Connect the circuit as shown in the figure-1

2. Apply a 20 mV sinusoidal signal at a frequency of 100 Hz and observe the input signal in
the C.R.O.

3. Determine the output voltage V0 using the C.R.O.

4. Determine the gain of the amplifier AV = V0 / Vi .

5. Now vary the frequency in convenient steps up to 1MHz, keeping the input voltage
constant and for each frequency note down the output voltage.

6. Tabulate the readings.

7. Draw a graph between the frequency and the gain in decibels and determine the bandwidth.

AMPLIFIER WITH FEEDBACK:

1. Connect the circuit as shown in the figure-2

2. Apply a 20 mV sinusoidal signal at a frequency of 100 Hz and observe input signal in the
C.R.O.

3. Determine the output voltage V0 using the C.R.O.

4. Determine the gain of the amplifier with feedback A Vf = V0 / Vi. Compare this gain with the
gain of the Amplifier without feedback.

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5. Now vary the frequency in convenient steps up to 1MHz, keeping input voltage constant
and for each frequency note down the output voltage.

6. Tabulate the readings.

7. Draw a graph between the frequency and the gain in decibels and determine the bandwidth.
Compare the bandwidth with the band width of the Amplifier without feedback.

TABULAR FORM

Vi=20mV

Without Feedback With Feedback

Frequency V0 Gain Gain Frequen V0 Gain Gain in

(Hz) (Vol Av=V0 in dB cy (Volt Av=V0 dB
ts) /Vi (20log (Hz) s) /Vi (20log
Av) Av)

Calculation:

Gain of the Amplifier without feedback AV =

Gain of the Amplifier with feedback AVf =

Band width of the Amplifier without feedback = Hz

Band width of the Amplifier with feedback = Hz

RESULT:

3. COLPITTS OSCILLATOR
AIM: To obtain the frequency of oscillations for Colpitts Oscillator.

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APPARATUS:
S. No Name Value Quantity

1. Power supply 12V 1

2. Transistor BC107 1
3. Resistors 100KΩ,10KΩ, 5 KΩ, 1KΩ 1 Each
4. Potentiometer 2.5K 1
5. Capacitors 0.1µF 4
6. Capacitors 0.01µF 2
7. Inductors 1mH 1
8. CRO

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

PROCEDURE:

1. Connect the circuit as shown in the figure

2. Switch ON the power supply and observe the output in C.R.O.

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3. Note down the practical frequency and compare with the theoretical frequency.
4. Replace C1 & C2 0.1µF and repeat steps 2 & 3.

TABULAR FORM

S.no C1 C2 Amplitude
CT=C1C2/(C1+C2) fT=1/(2π√(CTL)) fP=1/(Time Period)

RESULT:

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Department of ECE
4. RC PHASE SHIFT OSCILLATOR
AIM: To observe the frequency of oscillations of RC Phase Shift Oscillator.

APPARATUS:
S. No Name Value Quantity

1. Power supply 12V 1

2. OP-amp uA741 1
3. Resistors 220KΩ, 12KΩ,1KΩ 1,1,3
4. Capacitors 0.1µF 3,1
5. Variable resistor 500K 1
6. CRO 1

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

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Department of ECE
PROCEDURE:

1. Connect the circuit as shown in the figure

2. Switch ON the power supply and observe the output in C.R.O.

3. Observe the oscillator output using Oscilloscope and adjust potentiometer to get proper
oscillation (Perfect Sine Wave).
4. Measure the frequency of oscillations (time period D1 in sec) and compare it with
the theoretical (calculated) frequency. Theoretical value can be achieved by
fo=1/(2π RC √6)
Where R=1KΩ and C=0.1µF
S.No THEORETICAL FREQUENCY PRACTICAL FREQUENCY
fT=1/(2π RC √(6)) fP=1/(Time Period D1)

5. Calculate the phase shift between D and C outputs by using a formula

d1
x 360 °
D1

Where d1=time difference between the wave forms D and C

D1= time period of the wave form at D

6. Calculate the phase shift between D and B outputs by using a formula

d2
x 360 °
D1

Where d1=time difference between the wave forms D and B

D1= time period of the wave form at D

7. Calculate the phase shift between D and A outputs by using a formula

d3
x 360 °
D1

Where d1=time difference between the wave forms D and A

D1= time period of the wave form at D

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RESULT:

5. WEIN BRIDGE OSCILLATOR

AIM: To observe the operation of the Wein Bridge Oscillator.

APPARATUS:
S. No Name Value Quantity

1. Power supply 12V k

2. OP-AMP uA741
3. Resistors 8.2KΩ, 10KΩ
10KΩ
4. Capacitors 0.01µF
4.7µF
5. Variable resistor 22
6. CRO

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

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PROCEDURE:

1. Connect the circuit as shown in the figure

2. Switch ON the power supply. Adjust potentiometer until sine wave is observed on C.R.O.

3. Note down the frequency & amplitude from waveform in CRO.

4. Note down the practical frequency and compare with the theoretical frequency.
fo=1/(2πRC)

5. Replace R1 and R2 by 3.3KΩ , repeat step 3 and 4.

TABULAR FORM

s.no. R C fT= 1/(2πRC) fP= 1/ (time period)

RESULT:

6. HARTLEY OSCILLATOR
AIM: To observe the operation of Hartley Oscillator.

APPARATUS:
S. No Name Value Quantity

1. Power supply 12V 1

2. Transistor BC107 1
3. Resistors 100KΩ,10KΩ, 5 KΩ, 1KΩ 1 Each
4. Capacitors 0.1µF 3
5. Inductors 1mH, 500mH 2 Each
6 CRO 1
7.. Potentiometer 2.5K 1

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CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

PROCEDURE:

1. Connect the circuit as shown in the figure

2. Switch ON the power supply. Adjust potentiometer till sine wave is OBSERVED.

4. Note down the practical frequency and compare with the theoretical frequency.

5. Replace L1 and L2 by 10mH and repeat step 4.

TABULAR FORM
S.No L1 L2 LT=L1+L2 fT=1/(2π√(LTC)) fP=1/(Time Period)

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RESULT:

7. BASIC APPLICATIONS OF OPERATIONAL

AMPLIFIER
AIM: To verify the basic applications of Operational amplifier

APPARATUS:
S. No Name Value Quantity

1. Power supply 12V 1

2. Transistor BC107 1
3. Resistors 100KΩ,10KΩ, 5 KΩ, 1KΩ 1 Each
4. CRO

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CIRCUIT DIAGRAMS:

Inverting Amplifier

Non Inverting Amplifier

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Department of ECE

Summing Amplifier

Differential Amplifier

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Department of ECE

Voltage Follower

PROCEDURE:

1. Connect the circuit as shown in the figure

2. Switch ON the power supply and observe the output in C.R.O.

4. Note down the readings of each circuit with different inputs.

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TABULAR FORM

Inverting amplifier :
S. No Input Theoretical Output(Practical)
voltage

1 Inverting Amplifier 1v
V0=-(Rf/R1)Vin

=-2.2v

2 Non-Inverting Amplifier 1v
V0=(1+Rf/R1)Vin

=3.2V

3 Summing Amplifier V1=V2

=1.5v V0=-((RF/R1)+
(RF/R2))(V1+V2)

=-3V

4 Subtractor V1=V2
=1.5v Vout=RF/R1(V2-V1)

=0V

5 Voltage Follower 1V
V0=Vin

=1V

RESULT:

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Department of ECE

8. TUNED VOLTAGE AMPLIFIER

AIM: To obtain the frequency response of a tuned voltage amplifier. And also obtain the
bandwidth.

APPARATUS:

S. no Name Range / Value Quantity

1 Transistor SL100 1
2 Capacitors 10F,33F Each 1
3 Resistors 1KΩ,22KΩ,1.8KΩ,470Ω Each 1
4 IF Transformer 1

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

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MODEL GRAPH:

PROCEDURE:

1. Connect the circuit as shown in the figure.

2. Apply a 50MV sinusoidal signal at a frequency of 1 KHz and note down the O/P.

3. Now vary the frequency of the input signal up to 20 KHz in suitable steps by keeping
the input voltage constant.

4. Note down the O/P voltage V0.

5. Tabulate the readings.

6. Draw gain Vs. frequency graph on semi log sheet and determine the bandwidth.

TABULAR FORM:

Vi=50mV

S. No Frequency Output voltage (V0) in mV Gain in dB=20log(v0/vi)

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RESULT:

Frequency response of tuned voltage amplifier is plotted.

Bandwidth = Hz

9. FREQUENCY RESPONSE OF RC COUPLED AMPLIFIER

AIM:
To simulate the Two Stage RC Coupled Amplifier in Multisim and study the transient and
frequency response.

SOFTWARE TOOL:
• Multisim

APPARATUS:

S.No Name Value Quantity

1. Power supply 12V 1

2. Transistor BC107BP 2

3. Resistors 1KΩ,2KΩ,5KΩ,4.7KΩ Each 2

4. Resistors 10KΩ 4

5. Capacitors 10µF,1µF 3

6. Function generator 1

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Department of ECE

7. CRO 1

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

Fig: Two Stage RC Coupled Amplifier Circuit Diagram

Observations/Graphs:

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Department of ECE
Transient Response:

Frequency Response:

Frequency response of two stage RC coupled amplifier:

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Department of ECE

PROCEDURE:
1. Open Multisim Software to design Two stage RC coupled amplifier circuit
2. Select on the New editor window and place the required component CS amplifier on
the circuit window.
3. Make the connections using wire and check the connections
4. Go for simulation and using Run Key observe the output waveforms on CRO
5. Indicate the node names and go for AC Analysis with the output node
6. Observe the Transient response and Ac Analysis for the first stage and second stage
separately and draw the magnitude response curve
7. Calculate the bandwidth of the amplifier

Calculation:
Maximum Gain =

3 dB gain =

Lower cut-off frequency = Hz.

Upper cut-off frequency = Hz.

Bandwidth = KHz.

RESULT:

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10. FREQUENCY RESPONSE OF NEGATIVE

FEEDBACK AMPLIFIER
AIM: To plot the frequency response curve of an amplifier with and without feedback.

SOFTWARE TOOL:

• Multisim software

APPARATUS:

S.No Name Value Quantity

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1. Power supply 12V 1
2. Transistor BC107 1
3. Resistors 100KΩ,4.7KΩ,10KΩ Each 1
4. Resistors 1KΩ 2
5. Capacitors 10µF 3
6. Function generator 1
7. CRO 1

CIRCUIT DIAGRAMS

Without Feedback

Figure1-Amplifier without feedback

With Feedback

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Department of ECE

Figure 2-Amplifier with feedback

MODEL GRAPH

PROCEDURE:

AMPLIFIER WITHOUT FEEDBACK:

1. Connect the circuit as shown in the figure-1

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2. Apply a 20 mV sinusoidal signal at a frequency of 100 Hz and observe the input signal in
the C.R.O.

3. Determine the output voltage V0 using the C.R.O.

4. Determine the gain of the amplifier AV = V0 / Vi .

5. Now vary the frequency in convenient steps upto 1MHz, keeping the input voltage constant
and for each frequency note down the output voltage.

6. Tabulate the readings.

7. Draw a graph between the frequency and the gain in decibels and determine the bandwidth.

AMPLIFIER WITH FEEDBACK:

1. Connect the circuit as shown in the figure-2

2. Apply a 20 mV sinusoidal signal at a frequency of 100 Hz and observe input signal in the
C.R.O.

3. Determine the output voltage V0 using the C.R.O.

4. Determine the gain of the amplifier with feedback A Vf = V0 / Vi. Compare this gain with the
gain of the Amplifier without feedback.

5. Now vary the frequency in convenient steps up to 1MHz, keeping input voltage constant
and for each frequency note down the output voltage.

6. Tabulate the readings.

7. Draw a graph between the frequency and the gain in decibels and determine the bandwidth.
Compare the bandwidth with the bandwidth of the Amplifier without feedback.

TABULAR FORM

Vi =20mV

Without Feedback With Feedback

Freque Gai Gain Frequ V0 Gai Gain

ncy V0 n in ency (Vo n in dB
(Hz) (V Av= dB (Hz) lts) Av= (20lo

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olt V0/ (20l V0/ gAv)
s) Vi ogA Vi
v)

Calculation:

Gain of the Amplifier without feedback AV =

Gain of the Amplifier with feedback AVf =

Band width of the Amplifier without feedback = Hz

Band width of the Amplifier with feedback = Hz

Result:

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Department of ECE

11. COLPITTS OSCILLATOR

OBJECTIVE: To simulate Colpitt’s oscillator in
Multisim and study the transient response.

SOFTWARE TOOL:

• Multisim software
APPARATUS:
S.No Name Value Quantity

1. Power supply 12V 1

2. Transistor BC107 1
3. Resistors 100KΩ,10KΩ, 5 KΩ, 1KΩ 1 Each
4. Capacitors 0.1µF 4
5. Capacitors 0.01µF 2
6. Inductors 1mH 1
7. CRO 1

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

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PROCEDURE:

1. Open Multisim Software to design RC Phase shift oscillator

2. Select on the new editor window and place the required component on the circuit window.

3. Make the connections using wire and check the connections and oscillator.

4. Go for simulation and using Run Key observe the output waveforms on CRO.

5. Observe the Transient Response and Calculate the Frequency of the oscillator and compare
with the theoretical frequency.

6. Replace C1 & C2 0.1µF and repeat steps 4 & 5.

TABULAR FORM

S.No C1 C2 CT=C1C2/(C1+C2) fT=1/(2π√(CTL)) fP=1/(Time Period)

RESULT:

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12. RC PHASE SHIFT OSCILLATOR

OBJECTIVE:
1. To simulate RC phase shift oscillator in Multisim and study the transient response.
2. To determine the phase shift of each RC network in the circuit.

SOFTWARE TOOL:
Multisim software

APPARATUS:
S. No Name Range / Value Quantity

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1 OPAMP µA741 1
2 Resistors 12KΩ, 220KΩ Each 1
3 Capacitors 0.1µF 3
4 Variable Resistor 500KΩ
1
5 Resistor 10KΩ
3
6 RPS

7 CRO

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

Fig: RC Phase Shift oscillator

PROCEDURE:
1. Open Multisim Software to design RC Phase shift oscillator
2. Select on the New editor window and place the required component on the circuit
window.
3. Make the connections using wire and check the connections and oscillator.
4. Go for simulation and using Run Key observe the output waveforms on CRO
5. Observe the Transient Response and Calculate the Frequency of the oscillator

OBSERVATIONS/GRAPHS:

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Department of ECE

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Department of ECE
Observations:

S.NO Parameter Value

1 Theoretical Frequency

fT=1/(2π RC √(6))

2 Practical Frequency

fP=1/(Time Period )

Result:

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Department of ECE

13. WEIN BRIDGE OSCILLATOR

AIM: To study the Wein Bridge Oscillator.

SOFTWARE TOOL:
Multisim software

APPARATUS:
S.No Name Value Quantity

1. Power supply 12V 1

2. Transistor BC547 2
3. Resistors 8.2KΩ, 4.7KΩ, 1KΩ 2 Each
10KΩ 1
4. Capacitors 0.01µF 2 Each
4.7µF 1
5. Variable resistor 1KΩ 1
6. CRO 1

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

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PROCEDURE:

1. Connect the circuit as shown in the figure

2. Observe the output signal and note down the frequency & amplitude from waveform in
CRO.

3. Note down the practical frequency and compare with the theoretical frequency.

4. Change R1, R2 values of 3.3kohms and repeat the same procedure mentioned above.

TABULAR FORM

s.no. R C fT= 1/(2πRC) fP= 1/ (time period)

Model graph:

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RESULT:

14. HARTLEY OSCILLATOR

AIM: To study Hartley Oscillator.

SOFTWARE TOOL:
Multisim software

APPARATUS:
S.No Name Value Quantity

1. Power supply 12V 1

2. Transistor BC107 1
3. Resistors 100KΩ,10KΩ, 5 KΩ, 1KΩ 1 Each
4. Capacitors 0.1µF 3
5. Inductors 1mH, 500mH 2 Each
6 CRO 1
7.. Potentiometer 2.5K 1

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CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

PROCEDURE:

1. Connect the circuit as shown in the figure

2. Switch ON the power supply and observe the output in C.R.O.

3. Note down the practical frequency and compare with the theoretical frequency.

4. replace L1 and L2 by 10 mH and repeat step 3.

Model graph:

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Department of ECE

TABULAR FORM

S.No L1 L2 LT=L1+L2 fT=1/(2π√(LTC)) fP=1/(Time Period)

RESULT:

15. BASIC APPLICATIONS OF OPERATIONAL

AMPLIFIER
AIM: To verify the basic applications of Operational amplifier

SOFTWARE TOOL:
Multisim software

APPARATUS:

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Department of ECE
S.No Name Value Quantity

1. Power supply 12V 1

2. Transistor BC107 1
3. Resistors 100KΩ,10KΩ, 5 KΩ, 1KΩ 1 Each
4.. CRO

Circuit diagram:

Model graph:

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Department of ECE

Model graph:

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Department of ECE

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Department of ECE

16. TUNED VOLTAGE AMPLIFIER

OBJECTIVE:

To design a single tuned amplifier using Multisim software and calculate the frequency
response and bandwidth .

SOFTWARE TOOL:
Multisim software

APPARATUS:

S. no Name Range / Value Quantity

1 Transistor BC 107 1

2 Resistors 10KΩ, 4.7KΩ Each 1

3 Capacitors 10µF 2

4 Variable capacitor 0.1 µF 1

5 Variable Resistor 10K 1

6 Inductor 140mH 1

7 RPS

8 CRO

9 Breadboard

10 Connecting wires and probes

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Department of ECE

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

MODEL GRAPH:

PROCEDURE:

1. Open Multisim Software to design circuit

2. Select on New editor window and place the required component on the circuit
window.
3. Make the connections using wire and check the connections and oscillator.
4. Go for simulation and using Run Key observe the output waveforms on CRO
5. Indicate the node names and go for AC Analysis with the output node

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6. Observe the Ac Analysis and draw the magnitude response curve
7. Calculate the bandwidth of the amplifier

OBSERVATIONS/GRAPHS:

Calculation:

1. Frequency response of single tuned Amplifier is plotted.

2. \ Gain = dB (maximum).
3. Bandwidth= fH--fL = Hz.

RESULT:

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