CONFIDENTIAL

The Broadcast Storm Problem in FANETs and the

Dynamic Neighborhood-Based Algorithm
as a Countermeasure
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 In this paper, we not only prove that broadcast
storm problem causes network contention as
the number of UAVs increases but also propose
the innovative dynamic neighborhood-based
algorithm for the broadcast storm problem
(DNA-BSP), which was developed and validated
based on the outdoor experiments and
computer simulations.
contention is a media access method that is used to share a
broadcast medium. In contention, any computer in the network can
transmit data at any time (first come-first served).
This system breaks down when two computers attempt to transmit
at the same time. This is known as a collision. To avoid collisions,
a carrier sensing mechanism is used. Here each computer listens
to the network before attempting to transmit. If the network is busy,
it waits until network quiets down. In carrier detection, computers
continue to listen to the network as they transmit. If computer
detects another signal that interferes with the signal it is sending, it
stops transmitting. Both computers then wait for a random amount
of time and attempt to transmit. Contention methods are most
popular media access control method on LANs
Carrier-sense multiple access (CSMA) is a medium access control
(MAC) protocol in which a node verifies the absence of other traffic
before transmitting on a shared transmission medium, such as an
electrical bus or a band of the electromagnetic spectrum.
Under CSMA, a transmitter uses a carrier-sense mechanism to
determine whether another transmission is in progress before initiating
a transmission. That is, it tries to detect the presence of a carrier signal
from another node before attempting to transmit. If a carrier is sensed,
the node waits for the transmission in progress to end before initiating
its own transmission. Using CSMA, multiple nodes may, in turn, send
and receive on the same medium. Transmissions by one node are
generally received by all other nodes connected to the medium.
Communication is that single UAV and its base
station may limiting the coverage area of the
mission.

search and rescue missions,

target detection,
delivering medical supplies to otherwise inaccessible regions,
crowd monitoring,
cooperative environment monitoring,
border patrol missions,
gathering and processing of geographically distributed data,
interconnection of unconnected partitions

An alternative method to handle collisions in a

contention-based system is to attempt to avoid
them. Some systems may utilize a strict
scheduling guideline to identify who may use
which resources when. Other systems may
have the senders listen to the channel
immediately prior to transmitting and determine
suitable times to transmit.
Numerical results show that a single
retransmission is capable to increase up to 41%
the coverage area of a message, but the
redundancy is increased by an average of 61% for
each additional cover- age area. In that work, the
authors conclude that the flooding retransmission
can greatly degrade the network performance and
recommended that solutions using flooding should
be used with caution because the range expansion
is due to high costs in terms of bandwidth and
power consumption.
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we present our approach for mitigating broadcast
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retransmission that autonomously adapts broadcast
communication in FANETs, considering the dynamic
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varia- tions in neighborhood size. Results of
comparison with three well-known broadcast
mitigation algorithms in MANETs show that our
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algorithm is much more appropriate for the ad hoc

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network of flying nodes than the other existing ones.

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This paper aims to present the challenges of spreading

information in FANETs using broadcast as strategy. To the best of
our knowledge, we did not find any literature occurrence of BSP

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results in realistic FANET simulation with omnidirectional

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antennas, being this work the first to present the numbers for this

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problem.

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 It is proof of unwarranted use of the wireless channel,
reducing the useful bandwidth, overloading hosts’
processor, and wasting energy a resource which must
be saved to prolong flight time.
V. DYNAMIC NEIGHBORHOOD-BASED
ALGORITHM FOR THE BROADCAST
STORM PROBLEM