Aspect Deming's Philosophy Juran's Philosophy Ishikawa's Philosophy Crosby's Philosophy Feigenbaum's Philosophy

Advocates for zero Total Quality Control

System-wide approach, Broadly focuses on quality Emphasizes quality as a
Focus defects and right the first (TQC), emphasis on total
emphasis on management improvement company-wide responsibility
time system approach

Meeting customer Conformance to Conformance to customer

Definition of Fitness for use and Meeting or exceeding
expectations and reducing requirements, zero requirements, fitness for
Quality customer satisfaction customer expectations
variation defects use

Emphasizes leadership, top
Management Role
management involvement
Top management
Emphasizes the Believes management is Management
responsible for
responsibility of all levels responsible for creating a commitment to quality is
implementing quality
of management quality culture crucial
system

Fundamental to the Emphasizes continuous Advocates for continuous Continuous improvement

Continuous Believes in prevention
philosophy, the PDCA cycle improvement as an improvement at all levels of through the entire
Improvement rather than correction
is crucial ongoing process the organization organization

Encourages active Advocates for training, Stresses the importance of Employee involvement
Employee Emphasizes individual
participation and motivation, and involving all employees in and training for quality
Involvement responsibility for quality
empowerment involvement of employees quality initiatives improvement

Emphasizes the use of

Focuses on statistical
Measurement and
process control and data-
Analysis
driven decisions
Advocates for the use of
quality metrics and data
analysis
Believes in the use of
Emphasizes the cost of data and statistical
statistical tools and analysis
non-conformance techniques for quality
for quality improvement
improvement

Emphasizes meeting Focuses on customer

Customer Stresses understanding and Customer satisfaction is a Quality is defined by
customer requirements and satisfaction and meeting
Orientation meeting customer needs primary concern customer requirements
exceeding expectations customer expectations

Emphasizes the total cost

Prevention-oriented, Emphasizes both the cost Advocates for the prevention Emphasizes the cost of
of quality, including
Cost of Quality believes in the cost of poor of poor quality and the of defects and reduction of non-conformance and
prevention, appraisal, and
quality cost of good quality quality costs prevention
failure costs

Influential in Japan,
Rooted in post-World War II Developed in the U.S., Developed in the U.S.,
Developed in the U.S. and particularly in the
Philosophy Origin Japan's quality widely known for "zero known for Total Quality
widely applied globally development of Total Quality
transformation defects" Control (TQC)
Control

14 Points for Management, Juran Trilogy (Quality Four Absolutes of Quality, Total Quality Control
Notable Ishikawa Diagram (Fishbone
System of Profound Planning, Quality Control, 14 Steps to Quality (TQC), concept of the
Contribution Diagram)
Knowledge Quality Improvement) Improvement "hidden plant"