RIZAL 101

CHAPTER 4: THE LIFE OF JOSE RIZAL

FRANCISCO MERCADO –Jose Rizal’s father
- He was also active in local politics and was elected as capitan
del pueblo in 1783.

TEODORA ALONSO –Jose Rizal’s mother

SIANG-CO & ZUN-NIO –Francisco’s earliest ancestors

LAM-CO –Is said to have from the district of Fujian in Southern China and migrated to
the Philippines in the late 1600s.

MERCADO –Means “market”.

JUAN MERCADO –Who was elected as capitan del pueblo in 1808,1813 and 1823.

RACIAL –Meaning “green field”.

SIBLINGS:
*SATURNINA (1850-1913)
*PACIANO (1851-1930)
*NARCISA (1852-1939)
*OLIMPIA (1855-1887)
*LUCIA (1857-1919)
*MARIA (1859-1945)
*JOSE (1861-1896)
*CONCEPCION (1862-1865)
*JOSEFA (1865-1945)
*TRINIDAD (1868-1951)
*SOLEDAD (1870-1929)

RIZAL’S PRIVATE TUTORS:

*MAESTRO CELESTINO
*MAESTRO LUCAS PADUA
*LEON MONROY

JUSTIN AQUINO CRUZ –Paciano’s former teacher

JUNE 10, 1872 –He took the entrance exam

STUDENTS OF ATENEO WERE DIVIDED INTO 2 GROUPS:

*ROMAN EMPIRE –Was composed of students boarding at Ateneo.
*CARTHAGINIAN EMPIRE –Was composed of non-boarding students.
MARCH 14,1887 –He passed the oral examination
- He graduated with a degree Bachiller en Artes, with high honor.

NOVEMBER 25, 1881 –He took up a vocational course in Ateneo that gave him the
title perito agrimensor (expert surveyor) issued.

MAY 3, 1882 –Rizal left the Philippines for Spain.

EL AMOR PATRIO –Rizal’s first essay

AUGUST 20, 1882 –Was published in Diariong Tagalog where he used the pen name
Laong Laan.

NOVEMBER 3, 1882 –Rizal decided to move to Madrid where he enrolled Medicine

and Philosophy and Letters at the Universidad Central de
Madrid.

JUNE 19, 1885 –He obtained the degree Licenciado en Filosofia y Letras with rating of
sobresaliente.

CIRCULO HISPANO-FILIPINO –Which held informal programs with activities like poerty-
reading and debates.

JANUARY 2, 1884 –Rizal proposed the writing of a novel about the Philippine society.

NOVEMBER 15, 1890 –He joined Masonry and became a Master Mason at the Lodge
Solidaridad.

DON PABLO ORTIGA Y REY –The former city of Manila under the term of Governor-
General Carlos Maria de la Torre.

RIZAL’S EXPERT OPTHALMOLOGISTS:

*DR.JAVIER GALEZOWSKY
*DR.OTTO BECKER
*DR.R.SCHULZER
*DR.SCHWIEGGER

FEODOR JAGOR & HANS VIRCHOW –anthropologists who were doing studies on
Philippine culture.

TAGALICHE VERKUNST –Rizal mastered the German language and wrote a paper.

RIZAL’S FELLOW ILLUSTRADOS :

*MARCELO H. DEL PILAR
*GRACIANO LOPEZ JAENA
*ANTONIO LUNA
*MARIANO PONCE
*TRINIDAD PARDO DE TAVERA
THE PROPAGANDA MOVEMENT CAMPAIGNED FOR REFORM SUCH AS:
*For the Philippines to be made a province of Spain so that native Filipinos would have
equal rights accorded to Spaniards.

*Representation of the Philippines in Spanish Cortes.

*Secularization of parishes.

SOBRE LA INDOLENCIA DE LOS FILIPINOS -Published in 1890 in which he attributed

the Filipinos “indolence” to different
factors such as climate and social
disorders.

FILIPINAS DENTRO DE CIEN AÑOS –He wrote another essay called for reforms,
published in parts from 1889 to 1890.

LA LIGA FILIPINA –A socio-civic organization.

Published on July 3, 1892.

JULY 6,1892 –Rizal was arrested and brought to Fort Santiago.

POBRES FRAILES –A satire against rich Dominican friars and their accumulation
of wealth which as against their vow poverty.

JULY 17, 1892 –Rizal arrived in Dapitan on board the steamer Cebu.

CAPTAIN RICARDO CARNICIERO –Who came a friend of Rizal during his exile.

SEPTEMBER 21, 1892 –Rizal won the second prize in a lottery together with Ricardo
Cariniciero and another Spaniard.

JOSEPHINE BRACKEN –Who eventually fell in love with Rizal.

JUNE 21, 1896 –Dr.Pio Valenzuela visted Rizal in Dapitan and informed him about the
founding of Katipunan and the planned revolution.

JULY 30, 1896 –Rizal’s request to go to Cuba was approved.

SEPTEMBER 3, 1896 –He boarded the steamer Isla de Panay which would bring him to
Barcelona.

NOVEMBER 3, 1896 –Rizal arrived in Manila and was immediately brought to Fort
Santiago.

NOVEMBER 20, 1896 –The primary investigation of Rizal’s case begin.

LT.LUIS TAVIEL DE ANDRADE –Rizal’s lawyer to tried his best to save Rizal.
DECEMBER 26, 1896 –The trial ended and the sentence was read.
Jose Rizal was found guilty and sentenced to death by firing
squad.

DECEMBER 28, 1896 –Governor-General Camilio de Polavieja the court decision.

MI ULTIMO ADIOS –Which was about his farewell to the Filipino people.

DECEMBER 29, 1896 –Rizal gave away his remaining possessions.

CONSUMMATUM EST –Means “It is finished”.

DECEMBER 30, 1896 –Jose Rizal was executed by firing squad in Bagumbayan
at age of 35.