GPON Terminal Service Manual

EchoLife HG813 GPON Terminal
Service Manual
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

EchoLife HG813 GPON Terminal
V100R001C01
Service Manual
Issue 02
Date 2009-03-16
Huawei Proprietary and Confidential

Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. provides customers with comprehensive technical
support and service. For any assistance, please contact our local office or company
headquarters.
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

Address: Huawei Industrial Base
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Shenzhen 518129
People's Republic of China
Website: http://www.huawei.com
Email: Support@huawei.com
Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2009. All rights reserved.

No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any
means without prior written consent of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Trademarks and Permissions
and other Huawei trademarks are trademarks of Huawei Technologies Co.,

Ltd.
All other trademarks and trade names mentioned in this document are the property of
their respective holders.
Notice
The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Every effort has
been made in the preparation of this document to ensure accuracy of the contents,
but all statements, information, and recommendations in this document do not
constitute the warranty of any kind, express or implied.
Huawei Proprietary and Confidential

EchoLife HG813
Service Manual Contents
Contents
About This Document ............................................................................................... 1

Safety Precautions ...................................................................................................... 5
1 System Overview .................................................................................................. 1-1
1.1 Product Introduction.................................................................................................... 1-1
1.2 Front Panel and Rear Panel ......................................................................................... 1-3
1.2.1 Front Panel ...................................................................................................... 1-3
1.2.2 Rear Panel ....................................................................................................... 1-4
2 Installation Guide................................................................................................. 2-1
2.1 Fastening the HG813................................................................................................... 2-1
2.2 Connecting the Cables................................................................................................. 2-2
2.3 Local Manual Upgrade Through Web......................................................................... 2-3
2.3.1 Upgrade Preparation........................................................................................ 2-3
2.3.2 Upgrade Procedure.......................................................................................... 2-3
3 ONT Configuration Guide.................................................................................. 3-1
3.1 Service Overview ........................................................................................................ 3-1
3.2 Introduction to OMCI.................................................................................................. 3-1
3.2.1 OMCI Principles ............................................................................................. 3-1
3.2.2 Setting Up the OMCI Channel ........................................................................ 3-1
3.2.3 Flowchart of OLT Data Configuration............................................................ 3-2
3.3 L3 Data Service........................................................................................................... 3-4
3.3.1 Configuring the L3 LAN Port ......................................................................... 3-4
3.3.2 Enabling the Built-in DHCP Server ................................................................ 3-5
3.3.3 Configuring the WAN Port for the Data Service............................................. 3-6
3.3.4 Querying the Status ......................................................................................... 3-7
4 ONT Downstream User Guide........................................................................... 4-1
4.1 Using the STB ............................................................................................................. 4-1
4.2 Using the PC ............................................................................................................... 4-1
5 Troubleshooting.................................................................................................... 5-1
5.1 Fault identification ...................................................................................................... 5-1
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EchoLife HG813
Contents Service Manual
5.2 Troubleshooting Preparations...................................................................................... 5-4

5.2.1 Digital Multimeter........................................................................................... 5-4
5.2.2 Optical Power Meter ....................................................................................... 5-5
5.3 Locating Faults Based On the LEDs on the GPON ONT............................................ 5-8
5.3.1 POWER LED Is Off........................................................................................ 5-8
5.3.2 LINK LED Is Off ............................................................................................ 5-9
5.3.3 LINK LED Is On but AUTH LED Is Off........................................................ 5-9
5.3.4 LINK LED and AUTH LED Blink ................................................................. 5-9
5.3.5 LAN LED Is Off ........................................................................................... 5-10
5.4 FAQs ......................................................................................................................... 5-11
5.4.1 FAQs About Configuration........................................................................... 5-11
5.4.2 FAQs About Operation and Maintenance ..................................................... 5-14
6 Technical Specifications...................................................................................... 6-1
A Acronyms and Abbreviations........................................................................... A-1
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EchoLife HG813
Service Manual Figures
Figures
Figure 1-1 Networking of the HG813 .............................................................................. 1-2

Figure 1-2 Front Panel of the HG813 ............................................................................... 1-3
Figure 1-3 Rear panel of the HG813 ................................................................................ 1-4
Figure 2-1 Installing the HG813 on the wall .................................................................... 2-1
Figure 2-2 Connections between the HG813 and other devices ....................................... 2-2
Figure 2-3 Opening the auto-shutter................................................................................. 2-3
Figure 2-4 Firmware updating.......................................................................................... 2-4
Figure 3-1 Flor chart for configuring the basic broadband service................................... 3-3
Figure 3-2 Flowchart for configuring the IPTV service ................................................... 3-4
Figure 3-3 Configuring the L3 LAN port ......................................................................... 3-5
Figure 3-4 Enabling the built-in DHCP server ................................................................. 3-5
Figure 3-5 Manually configuring the L3 forwarding parameters of the IP address .......... 3-6
Figure 3-6 Querying the connection status of the WAN port............................................ 3-8
Figure 5-1 Troubleshooting Procedure ............................................................................. 5-1
Figure 5-2 Appearance of the PPM-350B......................................................................... 5-6
Figure 5-3 Schematic diagram of measurement points of optical power in the GPON .... 5-6
Figure 5-4 Measurement interface of the optical power meter ......................................... 5-7
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EchoLife HG813
Service Manual Tables
Tables
Table 1-1 LEDs of the HG813 .......................................................................................... 1-3

Table 1-2 Status of the LINK LED and the AUTH LED .................................................. 1-3
Table 1-3 Ports and buttons on the rear panel of the HG813 ............................................ 1-4
Table 3-1 Parameters of the LAN configuration............................................................... 3-5
Table 3-2 Parameters of the WAN configuration .............................................................. 3-6
Table 5-1 Fault Location and Possible Cause ................................................................... 5-2
Table 5-2 Indexes related to the light on the GPON ONT side......................................... 5-7
Table 5-3 Optical loss parameter table used in the engineering ........................................ 5-8
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EchoLife HG813
Service Manual About This Document
About This Document
Purpose
The EchoLife HG813 GPON terminal (hereinafter referred to as the HG813) is an
optical network terminal (ONT). It is designed for family users and Small Office and
Home Office (SOHO) users.
This document describes the appearance, functions, features, and technical
specifications of the HG813. It also describes how to install and remotely maintain the
HG813. This document helps you to understand the features and functions of the
device.
Related Versions
The following table lists the product version related to this document.
Product Name Version

EchoLife HG813 V100R001C01
Intended Audience
This document is intended for:
z Technical support engineers
z Maintenance engineers
Organization
This document consists of six chapters and is organized as follows.
Chapter Description
1 System Overview This chapter describes the networking, the front
panel, and the rear panel of the HG813.
2 Installation Guide This chapter describes how to install the HG813 and
connect the cables.
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EchoLife HG813
About This Document Service Manual
Chapter Description
3 ONT Configuration This chapter describes the remote maintenance
Guide through the OMCI technology and L3 data service
configuration.
4 ONT Downstream Configuring the related operations for ont
User Guide downstream users.
5 Troubleshooting This chapter describes the common faults
identification of the HG813 and provides the
corresponding solutions.
6 Technical This chapter lists the technical specifications of the
Specifications HG813 and the applied protocols and standards.
A Acronyms and The appendix lists the acronyms and abbreviations
Abbreviations used in the document.
Conventions
Symbol Conventions
The symbols that may be found in this document are defined as follows.
Symbol Description
Indicates a hazard with a high level of risk that, if not
avoided, will result in death or serious injury.
Indicates a hazard with a medium or low level of risk

which, if not avoided, could result in minor or
moderate injury.
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation that, if not
avoided, could cause equipment damage, data loss,
and performance degradation, or unexpected results.
Indicates a tip that may help you solve a problem or
save time.
Provides additional information to emphasize or
supplement important points of the main text.
2 Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Issue 02 (2009-03-16)

EchoLife HG813
Service Manual About This Document
General Conventions
Convention Description
Times New Roman Normal paragraphs are in Times New Roman.
Boldface Names of files, directories, folders, and users are in
boldface. For example, log in as user root.
Italic Book titles are in italics.
Courier New Terminal display is in Courier New.
Command Conventions
Boldface The keywords of a command line are in boldface.
Italic Command arguments are in italics.
[] Items (keywords or arguments) in square brackets [ ]
are optional.
{ x | y | ... } Alternative items are grouped in braces and separated
by vertical bars. One is selected.
[ x | y | ... ] Optional alternative items are grouped in square
brackets and separated by vertical bars. One or none
is selected.
{ x | y | ... } * Alternative items are grouped in braces and separated
by vertical bars. A minimum of one or a maximum of
all can be selected.
GUI Conventions
Boldface Buttons, menus, parameters, tabs, windows, and
dialog titles are in boldface. For example, click OK.
> Multi-level menus are in boldface and separated by
the ">" signs. For example, choose File > Create >
Folder.

EchoLife HG813
About This Document Service Manual
Keyboard Operation
Format Description
Key Press the key. For example, press Enter and press
Tab.
Key 1+Key 2 Press the keys concurrently. For example, pressing
Ctrl+Alt+A means the three keys should be pressed
concurrently.
Key 1, Key 2 Press the keys in turn. For example, pressing Alt, A
means the two keys should be pressed in turn.
Mouse Operation
Action Description
Click Select and release the primary mouse button without
moving the pointer.
Double-click Press the primary mouse button twice continuously
and quickly without moving the pointer.
Drag Press and hold the primary mouse button and move
the pointer to a certain position.

EchoLife HG813
Service Manual Safety Precautions
Safety Precautions
To ensure normal running of the device, read the safety precautions carefully before
operating on the device, and comply with the precautions when performing the
operations.
Basic Requirements
z Keep the device dry during storage, transportation, and running of the device.
z Prevent the device from colliding with other objects during storage, transportation,
and running of the device.
z Install the device in strict compliance with the vendor requirements.
z Do not uninstall the device without permission. Contact the specified service center
when a fault occurs on the device.
z No enterprise or personnel should modify the structure, and security and
performance design of the device without authorization.
z Abide by the local laws and regulations and respect the legal rights of others when
using the device.
Environment Requirements
z Install the device in a well-ventilated place that is not directly exposed to sunlight.
z Keep the device clean.
z Keep the device away from water sources or wet places.
z Do not place any objects on the device to prevent the device from being damaged
by heat or weight of the object placed on the device.
z Leave a space of at least 10 cm around the device for heat dissipation.
z Keep the device away from heat sources or bare fire sources, such as electrical
heaters and candles.
z Keep the device away from the electrical appliances with strong magnetic fields or
strong electric fields, such as microwave ovens, refrigerators, and mobile phones.
Instruction for Use

z Use the accessories delivered with the device, or use those recommended by the
vendor, such as the power adapter and battery.
z The power supply voltage of the device must meet the requirements on the input
voltage of the device.
z Keep power plugs clean and dry to avoid electric shocks or any other danger.
EchoLife HG813
Safety Precautions Service Manual
z Dry your hands before removing or inserting cables.

z Stop the device and switch off the power before removing or inserting cables.
z Switch off the power and remove all the cables, including the power cable, optical
fibers, and network cables, from the device during stormy weather.
z Switch off the power and remove the power plug if the device is shut down for a
long term.
z Do not let water or other liquid contact the device. If such an accident occurs,
switch off the power immediately and remove all the cables, including the power
cable, optical fibers, and network cables, from the device. Contact the specified
service center in case of a device failure.
z Do not stamp, pull, drag, or excessively bend the cables because they may get
damaged, leading to a device failure.
z Do not use the cables that have been damaged or aged.
z Do not stare directly into the optical port on the device to prevent injury to your
eyes.
z In case of any abnormalities, such as smoke, abnormal sound, or odor, immediately
stop the device, switch off the power, and remove all cables, including the power
cable, optical fibers, and network cables, from the device. Contact the specified
service center in case of a device failure.
z Prevent foreign objects such as metal objects from dropping into the device through
the heat dissipation hole.
z Prevent the outer case of the device from being scratched because the paint that is
peeled off in the scratched areas can cause device abnormalities. That is, if the
paint falls into the device it may cause short circuits. In addition, it can cause an
allergic reaction to your body.
z Ensure that the device is kept away from children to prevent risks such as
swallowing the devices or the accessories.
Instructions for Cleaning

z Before cleaning the device, stop running it, switch off the power, and remove all
cables, including the power cable, optical fibers, and network cables, from the
device.
z Do not use cleaning fluid or spray-on detergent to clean the case of the device. Use
a soft cloth instead.
Environment Protection Instructions

z Put the waste device and batteries to the specified recycle place.
z Abide by the local laws and regulations to handle the packaging materials, run-out
batteries and waste devices.

EchoLife HG813
Service Manual 1 System Overview
1 System Overview
1.1 Product Introduction
The HG813 is an ONT designed for home users and SOHO users at the user access layer
of GPON. Adopting the GPON technology, the HG813 connects the home users and
SOHO users to the Internet through the optical upstream port.
The HG813 supports the ONT management and control interface (OMCI) technology,
which can facilitate the automatic and remote service provision for service providers,
and the remote maintenance and management for network maintenance staff.
Figure 1-1 shows the networking of the HG813.
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EchoLife HG813
1 System Overview Service Manual
Figure 1-1 Networking of the HG813
3
2
7
6
5
4
8
10
11
12
13 14
1 NMS 2 Internet 3 IPTV

4 PSTN 5 TMG 6 IP network
7 Softswitch 8 VoIP 9 Switch
10 OLT 11 Optical splitter 12 HG813
13 PC 14 IP STB
z OLT: optical line terminal

z PSTN: public switched telephone network
z TMG: trunk media gateway
z NMS: network management subsystem
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EchoLife HG813
Service Manual 1 System Overview
1.2 Front Panel and Rear Panel

1.2.1 Front Panel
The actual front panel and rear panel of the HG813 may be different from those shown in this
document. The functions of the HG813, however, are the same.
Figure 1-2 shows the front panel of the HG813.
Figure 1-2 Front Panel of the HG813
Table 1-1 and Table 1-2 describe the LEDs of the HG813.
Table 1-1 LEDs of the HG813

LED Status Description
POWER On The HG813 is powered on.
Off The HG813 is powered off.
LINK See Table 1-2. See Table 1-2.
AUTH See Table 1-2. See Table 1-2.
LAN 1-LAN 4 On The connection on the Ethernet port is normal.
Off No connection is set up on the Ethernet port.
Blinks Data is being transmitted on the Ethernet port.
The status of the LINK LED and the AUTH LED indicates the connection and
registration of the HG813 to the OLT.
Table 1-2 Status of the LINK LED and the AUTH LED
LINK AUTH
Off Off The HG813 is in the initiation state.
Blinks (1 Hz) Off The HG813 is ready.
Blinks (3 Hz) Blinks (1 Hz) The HG813 is in the SN authentication state.
Blinks (3 Hz) On The HG813 is in the distance test state.

EchoLife HG813
1 System Overview Service Manual

LINK AUTH
On On The HG813 is in the operation state (normal
working state).
Blinks (3 Hz) Off The HG813 is in the suspended state.
On Off The HG813 is in the emergency-stop state.
1.2.2 Rear Panel
To prevent injury to your eyes, do not look directly at the optical port.
Figure 1-3 shows the rear panel of the HG813.
Figure 1-3 Rear panel of the HG813
Table 1-3 describes the ports and buttons on the rear panel of the HG813.
Table 1-3 Ports and buttons on the rear panel of the HG813
Port/Button Description
RESET Reset button
OPTICAL GPON port (SC/APC type), connected with optical fibers to
transmit services in the upstream direction
LAN 1-LAN 4 Auto-sensing 100Base-T Ethernet port (RJ-45), connected with
the switch or home gateway (HG), or directly with the PC or IP
STB
POWER Power port, connected with the power adapter or batteries
ON/OFF On/Off switch, used to power on or power off the HG813

EchoLife HG813
Service Manual 2 Installation Guide
2 Installation Guide
2.1 Fastening the HG813
Choose the installation position according to the installation requirements, maintenance
requirements, and position of the power supply. To install the HG813 on the wall, do as
follows:
Installing the HG813 on a Wall

Step 1 Mark the positions of the two holes used for fastening the HG813 on the wall. The
distance between the two holes is 150 mm.
Step 2 Select a proper bit according to the outer diameter of the mounting screws. Use a
percussion drill to drill at the marked positions on the wall.
Step 3 Use a screw driver to fasten the mounting screws at the positions of the holes on the wall.
Step 4 Mount the HG813 on the mounting screws, as shown in Figure 2-1.
Figure 2-1 Installing the HG813 on the wall
----End

EchoLife HG813
2 Installation Guide Service Manual
Installing the HG813 on a Workbench

Ensure that the workbench is stable. Do not place any object on the HG813. Leave a
minimum space of 10 cm between the HG813 and the closest object for heat dissipation.
To install the HG813 on a workbench, do as follows:
Step 1 Attach four plastic feet obtained in the delivery accessories to the grooves at the bottom
of the HG813.
Step 2 Choose an appropriate workbench to place the HG813.
----End
2.2 Connecting the Cables

Figure 2-2 shows the connections between the HG813 and other devices.
Figure 2-2 Connections between the HG813 and other devices

1
2
6
5
3 4
1 Optical port in the wall 2 Switch or HG 3 PC

4 IP STB 5 PC 6 Power adapter

EchoLife HG813
Service Manual 2 Installation Guide
Step 1 As shown in Figure 2-3, press the auto-shutter of the port gently with your thumb. The
auto-shutter ejects outwards automatically. Connect the optical fiber.
Figure 2-3 Opening the auto-shutter
The auto-shutter is used to protect the optical port from dust and moisture.
As soon as you remove an optical fiber, the auto-shutter closes automatically.
Step 2 Connect the other end of the fiber to the optical port on the wall.
Step 3 Use the Ethernet cable to connect the Ethernet ports (LAN 1-LAN 4) to the upstream
ports on the switch or the HG.
Step 4 Use the power adapter (input: 100-240 VAC; output: 11-14 VDC) to connect the
POWER port of the HG813 with the power socket or connect the POWER port of the
HG813 with batteries.
----End
2.3 Local Manual Upgrade Through Web

2.3.1 Upgrade Preparation
Step 1 Configure the IP address of the PC to 192.168.100.100/255.255.0.0. (Note: The local
maintenance IP address of the HG813 is 192.168.100.1/255.255.255.0 by default. Use
the network cable to connect the maintenance PC to one network port of the HG813.
Ensure that the maintenance PC can ping the maintenance IP address of the HG813.
Step 2 Make sure that the version file (for example, HG813V100R001C01B022_all.bin) to be
upgraded is available in the local PC.
----End
2.3.2 Upgrade Procedure

Step 1 Open the browser, and enter the local maintenance IP address of the HG813 (for example,
http://192.168.100.1).
Step 2 Enter user name telecomadmin and password admintelecom to display the web page.
Step 3 Click Maintain > Device > Firmware, as shown in Figure 2-4.

EchoLife HG813
2 Installation Guide Service Manual
Figure 2-4 Firmware updating
Step 4 Click Browse, and choose the local file to be upgraded (for example,
HG813V100R001C01B022_all.bin).
Step 5 Click Update Fireware, and wait for the page to display the successful upgrade.
Step 6 Restart the ONT.
----End

EchoLife HG813
Service Manual 3 ONT Configuration Guide
3 ONT Configuration Guide

You can configure and manage the HG813 from the OLT remotely through the OMCI
protocol.
3.1 Service Overview

The HG813 supports the video and data services. The HG813 can be connected to the PC
through the Ethernet port to implement the Internet access.
3.2 Introduction to OMCI

3.2.1 OMCI Principles
Optical network termination management and control interface (OMCI) is the ONT
management and control interface protocol defined in ITU-T G.984.4. OMCI defines the
format and the mechanism of the interactive messages between the OLT and the ONT.
OMCI analyzes the service model of the ONT and defines a series of management
entities used for the service description.
OMCI defines the packet format of the message interaction between the OLT and the
ONT and the mechanism of confirmation and retransmission. In this way, the OMCI
provides a logical channel for communication. After adopting the OMCI protocol, the
OLT supports the management and configuration of various ONTs, the offline
configuration of the ONT, and the configuration recovery of the online ONT. Based on
this mechanism, the ONT does not need to save the configuration information locally.
This helps to provision services and maintain the terminal.
You can configure a specified ONT on the network management interface or command
line interface of the OLT.
3.2.2 Setting Up the OMCI Channel

The process of setting up the OMCI channel between the OLT and the ONT is as follows
(the entire process is performed automatically and no manual operation is required):
Step 1 After being powered on, the ONT interacts with the OLT through the physical layer
OAM (PLOAM) message to complete the registration.

EchoLife HG813
3 ONT Configuration Guide Service Manual
Step 2 From the received PLOAM message, the OLT knows whether the ONT supports the
OMCI protocol. If the ONT supports the OMCI protocol, the OMCI channel between the
OLT and the ONT can be set up.
----End
After the OMCI channel is set up between the OLT and the ONT, the OLT transmits the
configuration and management information about the ONT to the ONT through the
OMCI channel, and the ONT uploads its status and alarm information to the OLT
through the OMCI channel.
z The PLOAM protocol is defined in the ITU-T G.984.3 and is used for the operation,
maintenance, and management of the physical layer.
z OMCI is a master-slave management protocol. The OLT is the master device; the ONT is
the slave device. The OLT controls multiple ONTs through the OMCI channel.
3.2.3 Flowchart of OLT Data Configuration
Flowchart for Configuring the Basic Broadband Service

EchoLife HG813
Figure 3-1 Flor chart for configuring the basic broadband service

EchoLife HG813
Flowchart for Configuring the IPTV Service

Figure 3-2 Flowchart for configuring the IPTV service
3.3 L3 Data Service

3.3.1 Configuring the L3 LAN Port
The L3 LAN port implements the L3 data service. To configure the L3 LAN port, do as
follows:
Step 1 On the navigation tree, choose Basic > LAN, as shown in Figure 3-3.

EchoLife HG813
Figure 3-3 Configuring the L3 LAN port
Step 2 Click the Layer3 tab, and select LAN1 or LAN2, indicating that this Ethernet port
functions as the LAN port of the L3 data service.
Step 3 Click Apply.
----End
3.3.2 Enabling the Built-in DHCP Server

Step 1 On the navigation tree, choose Basic > LAN.
Step 2 Click the LAN tab and configure the parameters as shown in Figure 3-4.
Figure 3-4 Enabling the built-in DHCP server
Table 3-1 describes the parameters in the preceding figure.
Table 3-1 Parameters of the LAN configuration

Parameter Description
IP Address Indicates the maintenance IP address of the ONT.
Subnet Mask Indicates the subnet mask.
Enable DHCP Server Indicates enabling the built-in DHCP server if it is
selected.

EchoLife HG813
Start IP Address Indicates the start IP address of the DHCP IP address
pool.
End IPAddress Indicates the end IP address of the DHCP IP address
pool.
Lease Indicates the DHCP lease period.
Step 3 Click Apply.

----End
3.3.3 Configuring the WAN Port for the Data Service

To configure the telephone service, do as follows:
Step 1 On the navigation tree, choose Basic > WAN, and then click New on the right pane.
Step 2 Configure the device parameters.
Figure 3-5 uses the manual configuration of the static IP address as an example.
Figure 3-5 Manually configuring the L3 forwarding parameters of the IP address
Table 3-2 describes the parameters in the preceding figure.
Table 3-2 Parameters of the WAN configuration

enable Choose enable to validate the configuration.
Service List Choosing Internet from the Service List drop-down list.
VLAN ID Indicates the VLAN ID of the user. Range: 1-4094.
EchoLife HG813
802.1p Indicates the priority of the traffic stream configured by the
user.
DHCP DHCP: Obtains the IP address dynamically.
Static Static: Configure the IP address manually.
PPPoE: Simulates the PPPoE dialup access mode.
PPPoE
You can select one from the three modes.
NAT Indicates the network address translation (NAT).
NAT Type Indicates the NAT type.
Username Indicates the user name for the simulated PPPoE dialup access
mode.
Password Indicates the password for the simulated PPPoE dialup access
mode.
Binding Options Indicates binding to the L3 LAN port for the data service. The
selected LAN port indicates that the WAN port is bound to the
LAN port. This WAN port can be considered as a route. Only
the LAN port selected in the Layer3 tab can be bound.
Step 3 Click Apply.

----End
3.3.4 Querying the Status

After the parameters are configured, you can query the status of the L3 data service
channel. The procedure is as follows:
Step 1 Query the connection information about the WAN port.
1. On the navigation tree, choose Status > Device.
2. Click the WAN tab on the top.
View the information about the WAN port, such as the connection status, as shown in
Figure 3-6.

EchoLife HG813
Figure 3-6 Querying the connection status of the WAN port
----End

EchoLife HG813
Service Manual 4 ONT Downstream User Guide
4 ONT Downstream User Guide

4.1 Using the STB
Step 1 Connect the device.
For how to connect the STB, see 2.2 Connecting the Cables. Make sure that the STB is
connected properly.
Step 2 Turn on the power supply.
Power on the HG813, TV set, and STB.
Step 3 Configure the IP address of the STB.
There are three methods for configuring the IP address of the STB.
z Configuring the static IP address
z Obtaining the IP address dynamically through the DHCP server.
z Obtaining the IP address through the PPPoE dialup.
The service provider determines a specified method.

Step 4 Enjoy the high-speed video service.
Watch the program according to the prompt.
----End
4.2 Using the PC

Step 1 Connect the device.
For how to connect the PC, see 2.2 Connecting the Cables. Make sure that the PC is
connected properly.
Power on the PC and HG813.
Step 3 Configure the IP address of the PC.
There are three methods for configuring the IP address of the PC.
z Configuring the static IP address
z Obtaining the IP address dynamically through the DHCP server.
z Obtaining the IP address through the PPPoE dialup.

EchoLife HG813
4 ONT Downstream User Guide Service Manual
The service provider determines a specified method.

Step 4 Enjoy the high-speed data service.
Run the Internet explorer (IE) to enjoy surfing on the Internet.
----End
z The PC must be installed with an Ethernet card.

The service provider configures the working parameters of the HG813 remotely and you
can enjoy the plug and play without any configuration.

EchoLife HG813
Service Manual 5 Troubleshooting
5 Troubleshooting
5.1 Fault identification
Figure 5-1 Troubleshooting Procedure
Start
Locate the fault

preliminarily
Check the optical fiber

status
Check the ONT status
Check the device statistics
Check the data

configuration on the device
Check the upper-layer

device status
End
Locating a Fault Preliminarily

Find the fault location and the cause of the fault. Table 5-1 shows the locating procedure

EchoLife HG813
5 Troubleshooting Service Manual
Table 5-1 Fault Location and Possible Cause

Fault Possible Cause
Category
ONT z The optical port of the ONT is abnormal.
Registration z The fiber connected to the ONT is faulty.
Failure z The optical power of the ONT is not within the normal range.
z The ONT does not exist.
z The maximum logic distance configured for the OLT port is
inconsistent with the actual distance.
z The automatically finding function is disabled on the OLT port.
z When the ONT is added, the configured SN is inconsistent with
the actual MAC address of the ONT.
z An ONT with the same SN is already connected to the OLT.
Failure to make z The connection between the telephone and the telephone line is
a phone call or abnormal.
poor voice z The ONT port connected to the IAD is configured improperly.
quality z The IAD does not successfully register to the MGC.
z IAD voice service is not configured with a higher priority.
z Check and ensure that the connections of the cables are in the
normal state.
z Check whether the telephone set is normal.
z The number configured on the ONT is incomplete.
z The codec configuration and authentication configuration on
the ONT are incorrect.
z The telephone number is already registered.
z One or more users are not successfully registered.
z The voice IP address is not obtained.

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Fault Possible Cause

Category
Failed to access z The subscriber terminal or the subscriber loop is faulty.
the Internet. z The PON port is faulty.
z The data configuration of the upper-layer device is incorrect.
z The PON board is faulty.
z The optical path is faulty.
z The control board or the uplink interface board is faulty.
z There are network attacks.
z Check whether the PC route conflict exists.
z Check whether the WAN port obtains the address successfully.
z Check whether the IP address segment obtained by the PC is
correct.
z Check whether the ONT WAN port and the ONT address can
be successfully pinged.
z Check whether the WAN MAC of ONT MAC address is all Fs.
z The NAT conversion function for the bound WAN port is not
enabled.
z The LAN port is a L2 port, but the PC does not obtain the
public network address.
Table 5-1 describes the basic troubleshooting methods.If the fault sympton is not listed in
Table 5-1, see Locating a Fault Preliminarily, Checking the Optical Fiber Status, Checking the
ONT Status, Checking Device Statistics, Checking the Data Configuration of the Device, and
Checking the Upper-layer Device Status in turn for locating the fault.
Checking the Optical Fiber Status

To locate a fault caused by the optical fiber, check the following points:
z Whether the optical fiber is inserted reliably.
z Whether the optical fiber is bent excessively.
z Whether the optical fiber is broken.
z Whether the average transmit optical power is normal.
z Whether the receive optical sensitivity is normal.
Checking the ONT Status

Check the status LEDs of the ONT. For details, see "5.3 Locating Faults Based On the
LEDs on the GPON ONT".
You can also check the ONT status online.

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Run the display ont info command to check the ONT information, including Control
Flag, Run State, MAC and Config State.
z If Control Flag is activated and Run state is up, it indicates that the ONT is normal,
that is, the user passes the authentication and gets online.
z If Control Flag is activated and Run State is down, it indicates that the user is
offline.
z If Control Flag is deactivated and the ONT registration is disabled, run the ont
activate command in the GPON mode to activate the control flag.
z If the configured MAC address is inconsistent with the actual MAC address of the
ONT, the registration fails.
z If Config State is in the normal state, it indicates that the ONT configuration
recovery is in the normal state.
z If Config State is in the failed state, it indicates that the ONT configuration
restoration fails. The ONT may be bound to an incorrect ONT profile. You can try
re-issuing the configuration command or restarting the ONT for troubleshooting the
fault.
Checking Device Statistics

z Query the traffic statistics of the upstream port. Check whether the receive or
transmit traffic exists.
z Query the performance statistics of the PON port.
z Query the performance statistics of the ONT.
Checking the Data Configuration of the Device

z Check the DBA profile bound to the ONT.
z Check whether the traffic stream configuration is correct.
z Check whether an upstream port is bound to the VLAN.
Checking the Upper-layer Device Status

Check whether the OLT is normal.
5.2 Troubleshooting Preparations

5.2.1 Digital Multimeter
A digital multimeter is a simple test meter that is used frequently in the electrotechnical
and electronic industries. It is inexpensive, convenient to take, and easy to use, and has
complete functions.
Basically, the digital multimeter is used to measure the resistance, DC voltage, AC
voltage, current, capacitance, diode, and triode.
The procedure is as follows:

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Step 1 Turn of the power supply.

Step 2 Select the functions to be tested. (When a digital multimeter that does not have a
dedicated power switch, combine Step 1 and Step 1.)
Step 3 Choose a proper range.
Step 4 Perform the measurement correctly.
Step 5 (Optional) Press the button for maintaining the current value unchanged.
Step 6 Read the measurement value.
----End
5.2.2 Optical Power Meter

An optical power meter, a necessary test meter in the test of the optical fiber
communication system, is mainly used to measure the optical power of various
wavelengths in measurement points of the optical fiber link. Optical power indicates the
energy of the light in a measurement point of the optical fiber link, which is an important
index in the optical fiber network. When the optical power is smaller than a certain value,
the optical receive end cannot detect optical signals, that is, the optical receive end
cannot receive signals sent from the transmit end. In conclusion, mastering the usage of
the optical power meter is very important.
The following takes the optical power meter used by the GPON ONT development team
as an example to describe how to use the optical power meter. The model of this optical
power meter manufactured by EXFO is PPM-350B. The usage of other special PON
optical power meters is similar to the usage of the PPM-350B optical power meter.
The PPM-350B optical power meter is an optical power measurement meter designed by
EXFO for measuring the optical power of various wavelengths, including 1310 nm, 1490
nm, and 1550 nm in the GPON. Figure 5-2 shows the apperance of the PPM-350B.

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Figure 5-2 Appearance of the PPM-350B
According to Figure 5-2, the differences between the PPM-350B optical power meter
and common optical power meters are that the PPM-350B optical power meter has a
downstream input optical port and an upstream input optical port, and can display the
optical power of three wavelengths, that is, 1310 nm, 1490 nm, and 1550 nm. Figure 5-3
shows the common measurement points.
Figure 5-3 Schematic diagram of measurement points of optical power in the GPON
Field engineers should also know the indexes related to light on the ONT side, such as
the maximum input optical power of the 1490 nm wavelength, minimum output optical

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power of the 1310-nm wavelength, and receive sensitivity of the 1490 nm wavelength.
Table 5-2 lists related indexes.
Table 5-2 Indexes related to the light on the GPON ONT side
Parameter Type Wavelength Unit MIN MAX
(nm)
Upstream data 1310 dB +0.5 +5
Downstream data 1490 dB -27 -8
Downstream 1550 dB -8 +2
CATV
The indexes in Table 5-2 are calculated according to the GPON 984.2 Class B+ Protocol.
In the actual calculation, the insertion loss must be considered. Therefore, it is
recommended that 1 dB margin should be reserved in the deployment.
To use an optical power meter, do as follows:
Step 1 Connect optical fibers to the upstream and downstream optical ports correctly.
Step 3 Choose the measurement unit (dB or mW).
Step 4 Perform the measurement.
----End
Figure 5-4 shows the measurement interface of the optical power meter.
Figure 5-4 Measurement interface of the optical power meter
The optical channel loss is the total loss caused by optical fibers, optical splitters, active
connectors, and fixed connection points of optical fibers. In the engineering design,the
parameters in Table 5-3 can be used to estimate the optical path attenuation.
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Table 5-3 Optical loss parameter table used in the engineering

Board Name Average Loss (dB)
Connecting Connector 0.3
point
Mechanical 0.2
connection
Fusion splicing 0.1
Optical splitter 1:64 19.7
1:32 16.5
1:16 13.5
1:8 10.5
1:4 7.2
1:2 3.2
Optical fiber 1310nm (1 km) 0.35
(G.652)
1490nm (1 km) 0.25
Optical channel loss = L x a + n1 x b + n2 x c + n3 x d + e + f (dB)
z a indicates the average loss of the optical fiber per kilometer (dB/km). L indicates the total
length of the optical fiber (unit: km). The loss of the optical fiber jumper and fiber patch
cord used in the engineering can be ignored because of short length.
z b indicates the loss of a spliced point (dB) and n1 indicates the number of spliced points.
z c indicates the loss of a mechanical connection point (dB) and n2 indicates the number of
mechanical connection points.
z d indicates the loss of a connector (dB) and n3 indicates the number of connectors.
z e indicates the loss of the optical splitter. Only L1 optical splitting is considered. In the case
of L2 optical splitting, the loss of two optical splitters must be considered separately.
5.3 Locating Faults Based On the LEDs on the GPON

ONT
5.3.1 POWER LED Is Off
Check whether the power adapter matches the device.
Step 1 Check whether the power cables are properly connected.
Step 2 Check whether the On/Off button on the rear plane has been turned on.
Step 3 Check whether the mains supply is normal. That is, whether the mains supply meets the
requirement of Huawei's product.
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Step 4 Check whether the input voltage for the board is in the normal state. The normal voltage
for the DC is 11 V-14V.
----End
5.3.2 LINK LED Is Off

Check whether the optical fibers are properly connected.
Step 1 Measure the optical power of the 1490-nm wavelength in the downstream direction by
using an optical power meter. Check whether the optical power meets the preceding
input requirement of the GPON ONT.
Step 2 If the optical power does not meet the input requirement of the GPON ONT, check
whether the section of the optical fiber connected to the ONT is clean. Wipe the section
in one direction with special papers for wiping optical fibers or lens of cameras.
Step 3 Measure the optical power of the 1490-nm wavelength in the downstream direction
again and check whether the optical power meets the input requirement of the GPON
ONT. If the optical power does not meet the input requirement of the GPON ONT, it
indicates that the optical fiber link is faulty. Otherwise, proceed with the next step.
Step 4 Check whether the ONT connector is clean. Wipe the section of the connector in one
direction with special paper for wiping optical fibers or lens of cameras.
Step 5 If the fault persists, measure the voltage of the end connecting the resistance R378 on the
board and the optical transceiver if the condition is proper. Make sure that the optical
fiber link is connected properly. If the level is low, it indicates that the optical transceiver
is damaged. Otherwise, the CPU is faulty. If the optical transceiver is damaged, replace
the optical transceiver. Otherwise, it is recommended that you return the ONT for repair.
----End
5.3.3 LINK LED Is On but AUTH LED Is Off

The ONT fails to register with the OLT. Generally, the cause for this fault is that the
downstream input data is incorrectly restored. Therefore, check whether the input optical
power is correct.
5.3.4 LINK LED and AUTH LED Blink

The LINK LED and the AUTH LED blink, it indicates that the ONT fails to register. The
following describes the fault location methods.
Check whether the SN is set correctly.
Step 1 Check whether the input optical power is very small.
Step 2 Check whether the ONT is set to work in the continuous mode. If the ONT is set to work
in the continuous mode, this fault is severe and other ONTs may not go online. Use the
continuous optical power meter to measure the optical power. If any data can be
displayed by the optical power meter, it indicates that the device is in the continuous
light-emitting mode.
If the LINK LED and the AUTH LED are set to the continuous mode, cancel the setting.

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----End
5.3.5 LAN LED Is Off

Check whether the network cables match the device.
Step 1 Check whether the network cables are properly connected.
Step 2 Check whether the LED of the network interface card (NIC) is on.
Step 3 Check whether the NIC works in the normal state.
Step 4 If no fault is identified after the preceding steps are performed, ping the maintenance IP
address 192.168.100.1 of the ONT from the PC. Check whether the ping operation is
successful. Note that the IP address of the PC should be in the subnet 192.168.100.x.
If the ping operation is successful, check whether the port loopback or GEM port
loopback are preset on the local port and whether the port negotiation is correct.
Query the GEM port loopback.
MA5600T(config-if-gpon-0/3)#display gemport
{ desc<K>|portid<0,3> }:0
{ <cr>|gemportid<K> }:gemportid 184
Command:
display gemport 0 gemportid 184
------------------------------------------------------------------
GEM port ID Serv-Type Encrypt Cascade Loopback
------------------------------------------------------------------
184 ETHERNET off off no loopback
------------------------------------------------------------------
Query the ONT port loopback and port attributes.
MA5600T(config-if-gpon-0/3)#display ont port
{ attribute<K>|priority-policy<K>|q-in-q<K>|state<K>|vlan<K> }:att
ribute
{ portid<0,3> }:0
{ ontid<0,63> }:9
{ port-type<E><e1,eth,catv> }:eth Selects the type of the network port.
Generally, the network port is of the eth type.
{ <cr>|ont-portid<1,40> }:2
Command:
display ont port attribute 0 9 eth 2
------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------
ONT-ID ONT ONT Negotiation Speed Duplex Port Flow Loopback
port-ID port-type (Mbps) state control

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------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------
9 2 ETH auto auto auto on off no
loopback
------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------
Step 5 If the maintenance IP address of the ONT cannot be pinged, repeat step 4 on another
network port.
Step 6 If the fault persists, it indicates that the LSW circuit in the board is faulty. Please contact
Huawei customer service center.
----End
5.4 FAQs
5.4.1 FAQs About Configuration
Q: What parameters of a PON port must be globally unique when the OLT
provides multiple services?
A: GEMPORT-ID, ALLOC-ID, and ONT-ID.
TCONT-ID and USER-VLAN-ID, however, can be used repeatedly in different ONTs.
Q: What is the meaning of bandwidth_compensate in a T-CONT profile?
This parameter is specific to the TDM service. If this parameter is set to Yes, twice of the
configured bandwidth is allocated.
Bandwidth compensation: Yes: Data cannot be transmitted during ranging, and the OLT
opens windows to search for new SNs periodically. Therefore, twice of the fixed
bandwidth is configured to ensure that the TDM service is not interrupted, which is
implemented through the bandwidth compensation function.
Q: What are functions of setting min-distance and max-distance for a GPON port?
A: huawei(config-if-gpon-0/12)#port 1 range min-distance 10 max-distance 15
Run the preceding command to set the min-distance and max-distance for ranging
between the OLT and the ONT. The OLT opens windows to receive a ranging response
from the ONT.
Max-distance indicates the radius of the concentric circle that is synchronized last. The
OLT can use the max-distance and RTD to calculate EqD and then allocate EqD to the
corresponding ONT.
The difference between the values of min-distance and max-distance cannot be larger
than 20 km.
If values of min-distance and max-distance are set properly and accurately in
engineering, the delay of the transmission between the ONT and the OLT can be reduced

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Q: What is the difference in the data configuration when the ONT is connected to a
PC or a switch?
The FE or GE port of the ONT functions as an external interface of the LSW. Therefore,
when an ONT is connected to a PC or a switch, the configuration is similar to the
configuration when an LSW is connected to a PC or a switch.
The configuration when the ONT is connected to the PC is displayed as follows:
MA5680(config-if-gpon-0/1)#ont port vlan //Adds the port of the ONT
to a VLAN.
{ portid<0,3> }:0 //Selects the PON port.
{ ontid<0,63> }:0 //Selects the ONT ID.
{ vlanid<0,4095> }:9 //ID of the VLAN to which
the port is added.
{ ont-portlist<S><1,100> }:0 //ID of
the ONT port.
MA5680(config-if-gpon-0/1)#ont port native-vlan 0 0 fe 0 vlan 9 //Sets
the native VLAN of the port is consistent with the VLAN of the port,
which can interwork with the PC.
The configuration when the ONT is connected to the switch is displayed as follows:
MA5680(config-if-gpon-0/1)#ont port vlan 0 0 fe 9 0 //Add the ONT
port to VLAN 9 to transparently transmit data of VLAN 9 tag.
After the configuration, you can run the following command to query the result:
MA5680(config-if-gpon-0/1)#display ont port vlan
{ portid<0,3> }:0
{ ontid<0,63> }:0
{ byport<K>|byvlan<K> }:byport
{ iphost<K>|fe<K>|ge<K>|moca<K> }:fe
{ ont-portid<0,31> }:0
Command:
display ont port vlan 0 0 byport fe 0
------------------------------------------------------
port-type: FE
ont-portid: 0
vlan-list: 1,9
native-vlan: 1
priority: 0
-----------------------------------------------------
Only the VLAN added with a port can be set to the default VLAN. The native VLAN and
VLAN of an ONT port are VLAN 1 by default. The number of VLANs that an ONT can
be added to is limited. Generally, an ONT port can be added to up to eight VLANs.
Q: What are functions of the deactivate and activate commands of the MA5680T
on an ONT?
A:
huawei(config-if-gpon-0/12)#ont deactivate 1 0

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A: The deactivate command is used to disable the optical transceiver of an ONT, that is,
to stop sending and receiving optical signals of the 1310-nm wavelength. The ONT can
still receive optical signals of the-1490 nm wavelength sent from the OLT.
huawei(config-if-gpon-0/12)#ont activate 1 0
Activate the optical transceiver of the ONT to recover the ONT service.
Q: Why does the VoIP service fail to be provided when the IP address of an ONT is
configured through the CLI?
A: In the case of version V800R005C01B079 and later versions, all configurations of the
IAD are packed as a file through the NMS and then delivered to ONTs over the OMCI
during the service provision of the ONT. This configuration file contains the IAD
configurations and IP addresses. Therefore, the ONT does not run the commands for
configuring the IP address from the OLT after the service provisioning is implemented.
Through the preceding analysis, use any of the following two methods to configure the
ONT during the configuration of the VoIP service.
z Method 1: Provide services and configure ONTs through the NMS.
z Method 2: Telnet to the ONT management interface through the CLI to configure the
IP address of the ONT and the MGCP information.
Method 1 is used in the service provisioning and method 2 is used in the deployment test.
Q: How to add an ONT to the OLT?
A: Enable the auto-find function of the GPON port.
huawei(config-if-gpon-0/1)#port 0 ont-auto-find enable
After the OLT can communicate with the ONT normally, the ONT reports its SN.
Specify the ONT ID and the ONT profile, and add an ONT.
huawei(config-if-gpon-0/1)#ont add
{ portid<0,3> }:0 //GPON port ID
{ sn-value<S><13,13>|ontid<0,63> }:1 //Specified ONT ID
{ sn-value<S><13,13> }:hwhw-11111111 //Reported SN
{ sn-auth<K>|password-auth<K> }:sn-auth //Authentication mode
{ profile-id<K>|profile-name<K> }:profile-id
{ profile-id-value<1,128> }:2 //ONT profile ID
{ <cr>|desc<K> }:
Command:
ont add 0 1 hwhw-11111111 sn-auth profile-id 2
Q: What are functions of setting min-distance and max-distance for a GPON port?
A:
huawei(config-if-gpon-0/12)#port 1 range min-distance 10 max-distance
15
Run the preceding command to set the min-distance and max-distance for the ranging
between the OLT and an ONT. The OLT opens windows to receive a ranging response
from the ONT.

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Max-distance indicates the radius of the concentric circle that is synchronized last. The
OLT can use the max-distance and RTD to calculate EqD and then allocate EqD to the
corresponding ONT.
The difference between the values of min-distance and max-distance cannot be larger
than 20 km.
If values of min-distance and max-distance are set properly and accurately in
engineering, the delay of the transmission between the ONT and the OLT can be reduced.
5.4.2 FAQs About Operation and Maintenance

Q: FEC is valid only for the downstream traffic currently, does the upstream traffic
support FEC?
A: Whether the upstream traffic supports FEC is determined by the configuration of the
office. The ONT supports the FEC configurations in the upstream and downstream
directions.
Q: One T-CONT contains multiple GEM ports. When CAR is used for flow control,
priorities of traffic streams in a GEM port are the same. When the actual traffic
volume of all the GEM ports is greater than the bandwidth preset in the T-CONT
profile, what is scheduling mode adopted by the ONT?
A: In this case, the ONT uses the round mode, that is, equal allocation. For example,
allocate 30 Mbit/s traffic to the T-CONT profile, 20 Mbit/s traffic to GEM port 1, and 25
Mbit/s traffic to GEM port 2. In this case, the actual traffic volume is that 15 Mbit/s for
GEM port 1 and 15 Mbit/s for GEM port 2.
Q: How does the ONT priority mapping?
A: There are eight priorities for packets, and four queues in the chip. The mapping is
shown as follows:
6, 7 -> 0 High
4, 5 -> 1
2, 3 -> 2
0, 1 -> 3 Low
Q: What are the purpose and method of OLT ranging in the GPON system?
A: The purpose of ranging in the GPON system is to ensure the same time reference for
all ONTs connected to one PON port. In this way, the time division multiplexing (TDM)
mode of the upstream data can be implemented.
The method of ranging in the GPON system is to perform delay compensation for all
ONTs connected to one PON port so that the ONTs are logically at the same location as
the ONT that is in the furthest distance from the OLT.
Q: How does the GPON system bear the triple play service?
A: The GPON system bears the triple play service in the following modes:
z Single GEM port for multiple services
z Multiple GEM ports for multiple services

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z One TCONT is bound to one GEM port in the upstream direction

z One TCONT is bound to multiple GEM ports in the upstream direction
Q: What are differences between the five types of T-CONTs in the GPON system?
A: In the case of T-CONT 1, the bandwidth is allocated statistically. The assured
bandwidth is the maximum configured bandwidth and the bandwidth of T-CONT 1 is
allocated with a priority.
In the case of T-CONT 2, only the assured bandwidth of users is guaranteed. If the
assured bandwidth exceeds the maximum bandwidth, the maximum bandwidth is
allocated.
In the case of T-CONT 3, the assured and non-assured bandwidths are allocated. If the
requested bandwidth can be ensured, the bandwidth is allocated directly upon request.
Otherwise, the left bandwidth that cannot be allocated is labeled and allocated with the
bandwidth labeled with tags of T-CONT 5 based on the round robin (RR) algorithm.
In the case of T-CONT 4, the non-assured bandwidth is allocated. After the assured
bandwidth is allocated, the left bandwidth and the left bandwidth of T-CONT 5 in the
requested bandwidth are allocated based on the RR algorithm.
In the case of T-CONT 5, hybrid bandwidth is allocated. Check whether the assured
bandwidth meets the requirement. If the assured bandwidth meets the requirement, the
bandwidth is allocated directly. If the assured bandwidth does not meet the requirement,
the left bandwidth is labeled and allocated with the bandwidth labeled with tags of
T-CONT 3 based on the RR algorithm. If the bandwidth cannot meet the requirement yet
after allocation, T-CONT 5 competes with T-CONT 4 for the left bandwidth.
Q: What are the specifications of the GEM port in the GPON system?
A: The specifications of the GEM port in the GPON system are as follows:
z In the case of the MA5680T, 16 K (ID: 0–4095).
z In the case of the single PON port: 4096 (ID: 0–4095).
z Reserved: OMCIs (ID: 0–127), service configuration (ID: 128–3999), and others (ID:
4000–4095 for multicast and broadcast services, and invalidity).
z Each GEM port supports the mapping of up to eight streams and the priority ranges
from 0 to 7.
Q: What is the difference between two DBA modes in the GPON, that is, SR and
NSR?
A: The difference between the SR and NSR is whether the ONT supports the function of
reporting the bandwidth. If the ONT supports this function, the SR is used by default.
The ONT reports its bandwidth requirement and the OLT allocates the bandwidth to the
ONT according to the left bandwidth and a specific algorithm.
If the ONT does not support this function, the OLT allocates the bandwidth to the ONT
according to the percentage of idle frames filled in the ONT to the bandwidth.
Q: What are the specifications of the upstream VLANs and user VLANs of the
MA5680T?
A: The specifications of the upstream VLANs and user VLANs of the MA5680T are as
follows:
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Upstream VLAN: Service 4 K (VLAN ID: 1–4093)

Reserved: 15 VLANs for the system (not be used for all) and the range is configurable
(ID: 4079–4093)
Used for AOE/TOP/BTV/Stacking/DBGENT/VOIP/MPLS
Number of user VLANs: 4096 (VLAN ID: 1–4095). The specific number of VLANs is
determined by the ONT.
Q: How is the DBA implemented in the GPON?
A: Dynamic bandwidth allocation (DBA) is a mechanism used to dynamically allocate
the upstream bandwidth of ONTs of the GPON within microseconds or milliseconds. It
can increase the bandwidth usage of PON ports of the OLT in the upstream line in an
office in the GPON, and add more users to a PON port so that users can share services
requiring larger bandwidth, especially the services that have large bandwidth burst.
The DBA is implemented as follows: The embedded DBA module of the OLT
continuously collects DBA reports, performs related calculation, and then issues the
calculation results to ONTs through downstream frames in the form of BWMap.
According to the BWMap information, the ONTs send upstream data in the timeslots
allocated to them, and occupy the upstream bandwidth.
Q: How many T-CONTs are there in an MA5680T and What is the range of
T-CONT IDs?
A: The number of T-CONTs and range of T-CONT IDs are as follows:
z A: There are 256 T-CONTs in a single PON port. The maximum split ratio of a PON
port is 1:64 and each ONT has four T-CONTs on average.
z The range of T-CONT IDs is from 0 to 7. T-CONT 0 is reserved for OMCI. It must
be configured with the bandwidth larger than 5 Mbit/s.
z Each ONT can be allocated with three T-CONTs on average.
Alloc_ID: 0-4095 (256*Tcont_ID + Ont_ID).
Q: What is the function of the burst optical/electrical technology used by the
GPON optical port?
A: The burst optical/electrical technology is used to enable or disable the laser of a PON
port at a burst so that optical signals cannot be mutually affected due to slow enabling or
disabling of the laser.
Q: What is the difference between the single-mode optical fiber and multi-mode
optical fiber?
A: The single-mode optical fiber is an optical fiber that can transmit only one optical
signal (with one type of wavelength) at a time. With the inner diameter of smaller than 10
microseconds, the single-mode optical fiber is used for long-distance transmission of
signals at a high speed.
The core of the multi-mode optical fiber has a longer circumference than the core of the
single-mode optical fiber. The multi-mode optical fiber can be used for multi-mode
transmission. It provides multiple transmission channels, which have transmission delay.
The stability of the transmission channels degrades with the transmission distance and
the bandwidth is limited. The multi-mode optical fiber can be used to transmit more than
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one optical line, which has different refractive indexes. The diameter of the core of the
multi-mode optical fiber is longer than the wavelength of the light source.
Q: Why must the distance between two ONTs that are the furthest away from and
nearest to the OLT respectively be within 20 km?
A: The GPON protocol processes the upstream traffic in the TDM mode. The duration of
encapsulating a frame is 125 us. During the periodical ranging of ONTs connected to one
PON port, the OLT must detect all ONTs connected to the PON port within 125 us. That
is, requests for upstream bandwidths from all ONTs must be received by the OLT within
a ranging period of 125 us. In addition, the speed of light is fixed. Therefore, the
maximum distance between two ONTs that are the furthest away from and nearest to the
OLT respectively must be limited to 20 km.
Q: What are methods for GPON ONT upgrade and what are their differences?
A: There are two methods for GPON ONT upgrade: OMCI remote upgrade and local
upgrade. The OMCI upgrade indicates the remote upgrade for the ONT in the office or
on the upper layer device such as the NMS, which is invisible for users. The local
upgrade involves the Web upgrade and serial port upgrade. The user can performs the
Web upgrade, that is, enable the maintenance IP address of the ONT and select the
upgrade file to upgrade. The serial port upgrade is performed by engineers in
maintenance.
A: The upgrade files of ONTs include the following:
z .W file: This file must be loaded in the CFE mode.
z .IMAGE file: This file is loaded on the Web page directly. It can also be loaded in
the CFE mode.
z .BIN file: This file is loaded on the Web page directly.
The HG810, HG810a, HG850, HG865, OT550, and HG851 can be upgrade by running
commands through telnet.
Differences between three files are as follows:
z The .W file is the upgrade file for earlier versions. When the .W file is upgraded, the
basic input/output system (BIOS) and user programs are upgraded.
z When the .IMAGE file is upgraded, the BIOS and user programs are upgraded.
z When the .BIN file is upgraded, the BIOS is not upgraded.
Currently, ONTs of Huawei's use .BIN file for upgrade.

EchoLife HG813
Service Manual 6 Technical Specifications
6 Technical Specifications
Physical Ports
z One power port
z One optical upstream port
z Four auto-sensing 100Base-T Ethernet ports (RJ-45)
z One RESET button
z One power switch button
Protocols and Standards

z GPON: ITU-T G.984.x
z ETH: IEEE802.1p, IEEE 802.3u, IEEE802.1q, and IEEE 802.3ab
Physical Specifications
z Dimensions (length x width x height): 212 mm x 163 mm x 45 mm
z Weight: about 500 g
z Power adapter input: 100-240 VAC, 50-60 Hz
z Whole-device power supply: 11-14 VDC, 1 A
z Standard power consumption: < 10 W
z Temperature range: 0°C to +40°C
z Humidity range: 5% to 95% (non-condensing)

EchoLife HG813
Service Manual A Acronyms and Abbreviations
A Acronyms and Abbreviations

A
AC Alternating Current
B
BRAS Broadband Remote Access Server
D
DC Direct Current
DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
DNS Domain Name System
F
FTTB Fiber To The Building
FTTH Fiber To The Home
G
GPON Gigabit-capable Passive Optical Network
I
IP Internet Protocol
IPTV Internet Protocol Television
N
NMS Network Management System
O
OAM Operation, Administration and Maintenance
Issue 02 (2009-03-16) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential A-1

EchoLife HG813
A Acronyms and Abbreviations Service Manual
OLT Optical Line Terminal

OMCI ONT Management and Control Interface
ONT Optical Network Terminal
OTDR Optical Time Domain Reflectometer
P
P2MP Point to Multi Point
PC Personal Computer
PLOAM Physical Layer OAM
PON Passive Optical Network
PPPoE Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet
PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network
S
SOHO Small Office and Home Office
STB Set-Top Box
T
TDMA Time Division Multiple Access
TMG Trunk Media Gateway
V
VoIP Voice over IP
A-2 Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Issue 02 (2009-03-16)

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
Huawei Industrial Base
Bantian, Longgang
Shenzhen 518129
People's Republic of China
www.huawei.com

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EchoLife HG813 GPON Terminal

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential

Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2009. All rights reserved.

Trademarks and Permissions

and other Huawei trademarks are trademarks of Huawei Technologies Co.,

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential

About This Document ............................................................................................... 1

Issue 02 (2009-03-16) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential i

5.2 Troubleshooting Preparations...................................................................................... 5-4

ii Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Issue 02 (2009-03-16)

Figure 1-1 Networking of the HG813 .............................................................................. 1-2

Issue 02 (2009-03-16) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential iii

Table 1-1 LEDs of the HG813 .......................................................................................... 1-3

Issue 02 (2009-03-16) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential v

About This Document

Product Name Version

Issue 02 (2009-03-16) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 1

Indicates a hazard with a medium or low level of risk

2 Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Issue 02 (2009-03-16)

Issue 02 (2009-03-16) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 3

4 Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Issue 02 (2009-03-16)

Instruction for Use

z Dry your hands before removing or inserting cables.

Instructions for Cleaning

Environment Protection Instructions

6 Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Issue 02 (2009-03-16)

Issue 02 (2009-03-16) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 1-1

Figure 1-1 Networking of the HG813

1 NMS 2 Internet 3 IPTV

z OLT: optical line terminal

1-2 Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Issue 02 (2009-03-16)

1.2 Front Panel and Rear Panel

Figure 1-2 Front Panel of the HG813

Table 1-1 LEDs of the HG813

Issue 02 (2009-03-16) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 1-3

LED Status Description

1.2.2 Rear Panel

Figure 1-3 Rear panel of the HG813

1-4 Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Issue 02 (2009-03-16)

Installing the HG813 on a Wall

Figure 2-1 Installing the HG813 on the wall

Issue 02 (2009-03-16) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 2-1

Installing the HG813 on a Workbench

2.2 Connecting the Cables

Figure 2-2 Connections between the HG813 and other devices

1 Optical port in the wall 2 Switch or HG 3 PC

2-2 Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Issue 02 (2009-03-16)

Figure 2-3 Opening the auto-shutter

2.3 Local Manual Upgrade Through Web

2.3.2 Upgrade Procedure

Issue 02 (2009-03-16) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 2-3

Figure 2-4 Firmware updating

2-4 Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Issue 02 (2009-03-16)

3 ONT Configuration Guide

3.1 Service Overview

3.2 Introduction to OMCI

3.2.2 Setting Up the OMCI Channel

Issue 02 (2009-03-16) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 3-1

3.2.3 Flowchart of OLT Data Configuration

Flowchart for Configuring the Basic Broadband Service

3-2 Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Issue 02 (2009-03-16)