Topic: Triangle Congruence Theorems

OBJECTIVE(S):
1. Use the Isosceles Triangle Theorem (ITT) and its
converse (CITT) in writing proofs.
2. Use Equal Linear Pair Theorem (ELPT) in proving
Bisector of vertex Angle Theorem (BVAT)
Review
A. Identify the theorem
1. In any triangle, if two of its sides are ≅ , then the ∠s
opposite these sides are congruent.
Illustration: A
Given:
AB = AC
Conclusion:
∠𝐵 ≅ ∠𝐶 B C

Isoceles Triangle Theorem (ITT)

Answer: ____________________________
2. In any triangle, if two of its angles are ≅ , then the sides
opposite these angles are congruent.
Illustration:
Given: A
∠𝐵 ≅ ∠𝐶
Conclusion:
AB = AC
B C
Converse of ITT (CITT)
Answer: ____________________________
3. If 2 lines intersect forming a linear pair of ≅ angles,
then the lines are ⊥.
Illustration:
Given: L1
∠1 and ∠2 are linear pair
∠1 ≅ ∠2. 2 1
L2
Conclusion:
L1 ⊥ L2
Equal Linear Pair Theorem (ELPT)
Answer: ____________________________
Lesson proper:

Examples using ITT, CITT,

ELPT in proving/writing proof
1. Given: 𝐴𝐵 ≅ 𝐴𝐶, 𝐵𝐷 ≅ 𝐶𝐸, A
𝑀𝐷 ⊥ 𝐴𝐵, 𝑀𝐸 ⊥ 𝐴𝐶
Prove: M is a midpoint of 𝐵𝐶
Proof: Statements Reasons D E
1. 𝐴𝐵 ≅ 𝐴𝐶 1. Given
2. ∠𝐵 ≅ ∠𝐶 (A) 2. ITT B M
3. 𝐵𝐷 ≅ 𝐶𝐸 (L) 3. Given
4.𝑀𝐷 ⊥ 𝐴𝐵, 𝑀𝐸 ⊥ 𝐴𝐶 4. Given
5. ∠𝐵𝐷𝑀 & ∠𝐶𝐸𝑀 are right ∠𝑠 5. Def. of ⊥
6. ∆𝐵𝐷𝑀 & ∆𝐶𝐸𝑀 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑟𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 ∆𝑠 6. Def. of right ∆
7. ∆𝐵𝐷𝑀 ≅ ∆𝐶𝐸𝑀 7. LA /2,3,6
8. 𝐵𝑀 ≅ 𝐶𝑀 8. CPCTC
9. ∴M is a midpoint of 𝐵𝐶 9. Def. of midpoint
2. Given: ∠1 ≅ ∠2 A B
∠𝐷 ≅ ∠𝐶 1 2
Prove: 𝐴𝐷 ≅ 𝐵𝐶 3 4
E
Proof: D C
Statements Reasons
1. ∠1 ≅ ∠2 1. Given
2. 𝐴𝐸 ≅ 𝐵𝐸 (S) 2. CITT
3. ∠𝐷 ≅ ∠𝐶 (A) 3. Given
4. ∠3 ≅ ∠4 (A) 4. VAT
5. ∆𝐴𝐷𝐸 ≅ ∆𝐵𝐶𝐸 5. SAA /2,3,4
6 ∴ 𝐴𝐷 ≅ 𝐵𝐶 6. CPCTC
3. Theorem: Bisector of Vertex Angle
The bisector of the vertex angle of an isosceles triangle is
⊥ to the base at its midpoint. A
Given:
𝐴𝐵 ≅ 𝐴𝐶
𝐴𝑀 𝑏𝑖𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑠 ∠𝐴
Prove: B M C
1. 𝐴𝑀 ⊥ 𝐵𝐶
2. M is a midpoint
Given: 𝐴𝐵 ≅ 𝐴𝐶, 𝐴𝑀 𝑏𝑖𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑠 ∠𝐴
Prove: 1). 𝐴𝑀 ⊥ 𝐵𝐶 2). M is a midpoint A
Proof: Statements Reasons
1. 𝐴𝐵 ≅ 𝐴𝐶 (S) 1. Given
2. 𝐴𝑀 𝑏𝑖𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑠 ∠𝐴 2. Given
3. ∠𝐵𝐴𝑀 ≅ ∠𝐶𝐴𝑀 (A) 3. Def. of bisector
B M C
4.𝐴𝑀 ≅ 𝐴𝑀 (S) 4. Reflexive
5. ∆𝐵𝐴𝑀 ≅ ∆𝐶𝐴𝑀 5. SAS /1,3,4
6. ∠𝐴𝑀𝐵 ≅ ∠𝐴𝑀𝐶 6. CPCTC
7. ∴ 𝐴𝑀 ⊥ 𝐵𝐶 7. Equal Linear Pair Theorem
8. 𝐵𝑀 ≅ 𝐶𝑀 8. CPCTC
9. ∴M is a midpoint 9. Def. of midpoint
Practice Exercises:
1. Given: 𝐴𝐷 ≅ 𝐵𝐶 A B
∠𝐷 ≅ ∠𝐶 1 2
Prove: ∠1 ≅ ∠2 3 4
E
Proof: D C
Statements Reasons
1. 𝐴𝐷 ≅ 𝐵𝐶 (S) 1. Given
2. ∠𝐷 ≅ ∠𝐶 (A) 2. Given
3. ∠3 ≅ ∠4 (A) 3. VAT
4. ∆𝐴𝐷𝐸 ≅ ∆𝐵𝐶𝐸 4. SAA /1, 2,3
5. 𝐴𝐸 ≅ 𝐵𝐸 5. CPCTC
6 ∴ ∠1 ≅ ∠2 6. ITT
What I have learned
1. I have learned how to use ITT, CITT, ELPT in proving
or writing proofs.
2. I have learned that ELPT is used to prove 2
segments/rays/lines perpendicular.
Evaluation.
Complete the proof
1. Given: ∆𝐵𝐷𝑀 & ∆𝐶𝐸𝑀 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑟𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 ∆𝑠 A
𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ ∠𝐵𝐷𝑀 & ∠𝐶𝐸𝑀 the 𝑟𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡∠𝑠
𝐵𝐷 ≅ 𝐶𝐸, M is a midpoint of 𝐵𝐶
Prove: ∆ 𝐴𝐵𝐶 𝑖𝑠 𝑖𝑠𝑜𝑠𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑠 D E
Proof: Statements Reasons
1. ∆𝐵𝐷𝑀 & ∆𝐶𝐸𝑀 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑟𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 ∆𝑠 1. Given B M
2. M is a midpoint of 𝐵𝐶 2. Given
3. 𝐵𝑀 ≅ 𝐶𝑀 (H) 3. Def. of midpoint
4. 𝐵𝐷 ≅ 𝐶𝐸 (L) 4. Given
5. ∆𝐵𝐷𝑀 ≅ ∆𝐶𝐸𝑀 5. HL /1,3,4
6. ∠𝐵 ≅ ∠𝐶 6. CPCTC
7. 𝐴𝐵 ≅ 𝐴𝐶 7. CITT
8. ∴ ∆ 𝐴𝐵𝐶 𝑖𝑠 𝑖𝑠𝑜𝑠𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑠 8. Def. of isosceles ∆