Basic Parts of a Sewing Machine and Their Functions:

The basic structure of sewing machine is the same whether it is hand-operated

sewing, treadle sewing machine or electric sewing machine. The basic parts of a sewing
are listed below and seen in Fig.

Parts of a Sewing Machine

1. Spool pin: It is fitted on top of the arm to hold the reel.
2. Thread guide: It holds the thread in position from the spool to the needle.
3. Tension disc: The two concave discs put together with the convex sides
facing each other. The thread passes between the two. The tension of the thread is
adjusted by a spring and nut which increases or decreases pressure

4. Take up lever: It is a lever fitted to the body of the arm. Its up and down
motion feeds the thread to the needle and tightens the loop formed by the shuttle.

5. Needle bar: This is a steel rod to hold the needle at one end with the help of
a clamp. Its main function is to give motion to the needle.

6. Bobbin case: This moves into position to catch the top thread and form the
stitch as the needle is lowered into the bobbin chamber.

7. Presser foot: It is fixed to the presser bar to hold the cloth firmly in position
when lowered.

8. Presser foot lifter: A lever attached to the presser bar for raising and
lowering the presser foot.

9. Stitch regulator: This controls the length of the stitch.

10. Bobbin winder: A simple mechanism used for winding thread on the
bobbin.

11. Fly Wheel: When this is made to revolve, it works the mechanism of the
motion

12. Clutch or Thumb Screw: This is in the center of the fly wheel and it
engages and disengages the stitching mechanism.

13. Slide Plate: A rectangular plate, which facilitates the removal of

the bobbin case without lifting the machine.

14. Needle Plate or Throat Plate: A semi-circular disc with a hole to

allow the needle to pass through it.

15. Feed dog: This consists of a set of teeth fitted below the needle plate. It
helps to move the cloth forward while sewing.

16. Face plate: A cover which on removal gives access to the oiling points on
the needle bar, presser bar and take-up lever.

17. Spool pin for bobbin winding: Spool of thread is placed on this
at the time of bobbin winding.

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Introduction:
Sewing machine is important equipment in garments manufacturing sector. Different types of sewing machines are
used in ready-made garments industry. Though all the sewing machines contain different structure but the
 functions of those sewing machines are same. This article has shown all the parts of a sewing machine and function
of those parts.

Parts
of sewing machine
Different Parts of Sewing Machine:
1. Spool pin,
2. Bobbin winder,
3. Balance wheel,
4. Stitch width regulator,
5. Stitch length regulator,
6. Reverse lever,
7. Foot pedal,
8. Bobbin case,
9. Bobbin cover release button,
10. Feed dog,
11. Needle,
12. Thread guide,
13. Thread take-up,
14. Presser foot,
15. Presser foot lifter.
Functions of Sewing Machine Parts:
Functions of each sewing machine parts have discussed in the below:

1. Spool pin:
Spool pin is used to hold the spool of thread.
2. Bobbin winder:
Bobbin winder stops the bobbin winding when bobbin reaches its optimum capacity.
3. Balance wheel:
Balance wheel is used to raise and lower the need, which is situated in the right side of the machine.
4. Stitch width regulator:
The main object of stitch width regulator is to control the zigzag stitch.
5. Stitch length regulator:
Stitch length regulator is used to control the length of the stitch.
6. Reverse lever:
Here, the machine will sew in the reverse while the lever is pushed.
7. Foot pedal:
It is used to apply power to the sewing machine
8. Bobbin case:
In sewing time, bobbin case protects and covers the bobbin holder.
9. Bobbin cover release button:
Bobbin cover release button is used to release the cover for entrance to the bobbin.
10. Feed dog:
In sewing time, feed dog pulls the fabric in forward.
11. Needle:
During sewing, needle is used to form a stitch in the garments.
12. Thread guide:
Thread guide holds the thread in position from the spool to the needle.
13. Thread take-up:
In sewing time, the top thread passes through the thread take-up lever and thread take-up moves up and down with
the needle.
14. Presser foot:
Presser foot is fixed to the presser bar to hold the cloth firmly in position when lowered.
15. Presser foot lifter:
A lever attached to the presser bar for raising and lowering the presser foot.