Concept Paper 2 (Rotation

and Revolution of Earth)

Pilsam C. Sotelo Jr,

BS Marine Biology 2-2
College of Sciences
Physics: 1/L
0968-300-8850
 Concept
Paper 2 (Rotation and Revolution of Earth)

Earth is the largest of the four inner, terrestrial (rocky) planets, with an equatorial
radius of 6,378 km (3,963 miles), yet it is much smaller than the gas giants of the
outer solar system. The Moon, the only natural satellite of Earth, circles the earth at
an average distance of around 384,400 kilometres (238,900 miles). Only the huge
planets have moons that are equivalent to or greater in size than the Moon, making it
one of the solar system's biggest natural satellites.

How Does the Earth Move?

Earth is located at the goldilocks zone and the fifth

largest planet in the solar system in terms of mass
and size. Its most astounding feature is that its
near-surface habitats are the only known areas in
the universe where life lives.

The sole designation for a celestial body in our

solar system that is not derived from Greco-
Roman mythology is Earth, which is derived from
Old English and Germanic terms for soil and earth Earth Blog
in the universal language of astronomy, English.
The area of space that people can actually or
conceivably perceive with the use of technology is
known as the "observable universe," and Earth is
a part of it.

Earth's mean distance from the Sun is around

92,960,000 miles, or 149,600,000 km. The
planet's orbit around the Sun is less eccentric and
more like a circle than the orbits of all the other
planets, apart from Venus and Neptune. In
approximately 365.26 days, Earth completes one
revolution, or one orbit around the Sun. The
Earth's spin, or rotation about its axis, is also in
the same sense and is referred to as direct or
prograde. The direction of revolution, which is
anticlockwise when seen down from the north, is
the same as the direction of the Sun's rotation [1].
karthikeyasolutions

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 Concept
Paper 2 (Rotation and Revolution of Earth)

The earth moves in two different ways: rotation and revolution. Rotation of the
Earth is the movement caused by the earth spinning around its axis.
Additionally, the movement known as the Revolution of Earth occurs as the
Earth rotates or circles around the sun [2]. The earth rotates when it moves on
its axis. Thus, the planet's motion around its own internal axis is what causes
the number of hours of daylight and nights which we experience as well as
temperature and humidity variations are caused by the Earth's rotation as well
as the oceans and seas experience tides are also a result of Earth's rotation
[3]
. The theoretical axis of Earth is inclined at a 66.5° inclination with respect to
its orbital surface. The circle of illumination is the line that separates day from
night on a globe.

The subsequent kind of earthly movement is revolution. It is the earth's orbital

movement around our sun following a set course. The seasons shift because
of revolution. One year, or 365.26 days / 1 day for a ratio of 365.26: 1 is
needed for one full rotation of the sun. It is significant to remember that, for
convenience's sake, we only count 365 days in a year and disregard the extra
six hours. Seasons arise from revolutions. Perihelion and aphelion are
created by revolution. When Earth is closest to the Sun is known as
perihelion. When Earth is distant from the Sun is when aphelion happens.
Variations in day and night length are directly related to revolution. At the
equator, days and nights have equal lengths. We call this the equinox. In the
Northern and Southern Hemispheres, day and night lengths differ. Solstices
are the term for this.

If the Earth rotated uniformly around a fixed axis, there would be little interest
in studying its rotation. The subject is extremely exciting and gratifying
because of variations in rotation speed and changes in the direction of the
rotation axis, both inside the Earth's body and in space. The classic
dissertation The Rotation of the Earth provides a thorough overview of the
subject's lengthy and fascinating history and contributed much to revive
current interest. Kurt Lambeck's second authoritative work, The Earth's
Variable Rotation, provides a contemporary summary of the topic and was
published more recently [4].

Astronomical observatories affixed to the Earth often measure rotational

movements in relation to stars and other celestial objects. Thus, to perform
such observations, it is necessary to specify both a terrestrial and a celestial
reference frame.

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 Concept
Paper 2 (Rotation and Revolution of Earth)

References:
1. Jeanloz, R., Lunine, Jonathan I. and Chapman, Clark R. (2023, November
16). Earth. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/place/Earth
2. https://www.toppr.com/guides/geography/motions-of-the-earth/story-of-
motions-of-the-earth/
3. https://byjus.com/physics/rotation-and-revolution/
4. Smylie, D. (2013). Earth's rotation: Observations and theory. In Earth
Dynamics: Deformations and Oscillations of the Rotating Earth (pp. 273-322).
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
doi:10.1017/CBO9781139025409.006

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