WAVES

A disturbance that travels or propagates from the place where it was created.

1. AMPLITUDE - distance from the midpoint

2. CREST - highest point
3. TROUGH - lowest point
4. DISPLACEMENT - how far sa equilibrium point
5. DISTANCE - distance travelled from starting point (buong way)

6. FREQUENCY - number of waves produced in one second.

7. RANGE - extent or the limits between which variation is possible.
8. TIME PERIOD - 1 complete oscillation
9. WAVELENGTH -distance between two successive identical parts (1 ENTIRE OSCILLATION)

ELECTRO + MAGNETIC WAVES “electromagnetic radiation”

vibrations between an electric field and magnetic field

Electric —-- magnetic field —- affect the attraction and replusion —- produce waves

1. OERSTED
Showed how a current carrying wire behaves like a magnet.

2. Michael Faraday
The changing magnetic field will produce an electric field. A wave carries energy as it propagates, EM waves do
the same, too. EM waves can travel through anything even in vacuum, meaning they do not need any medium to
travel. They travel in a vacuum at a speed of 3x10^8 m/s. Formulated the principle behind “electromagnetic
induction”

3. MAXWELL
Contributed to developing equations showing the relationship of electricity magnetism

4. HERTZ
Showed experimental evidence of electromagnetic waves and their link to light.

5. AMPERE
Demonstrated the magnetic effect based on the direction of current.
 EM WAVES RADIATION MECHANICAL WAVES

Do not need medium to travel The term used to describe the Need medium to travel through
transfer of energy in the form of
Composed of electric and EM wave Composed of vibrations
magnetic fields

Can travel through a vacuum Cannot travel through vacuum

The range of all types of EM

radiation

Roman Men Invented Very Unusual X-ray Guns

ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM
arrangement of EM waves

1. RADIO WAVES
Uses:
➔ Can generate electricity
➔ communication
Range:
few millimeters (tenths of inches) to hundreds of kilometers (hundreds of miles). 0.1 —- 100 km

oscillate at frequencies:
between a few kilohertz and a few terahertz
 2. MICROWAVES
Uses:
➔ Cooking
➔ communication.
➔ Absorbs water to heat them

Wavelengths:
few millimeters and tens of centimeters (tenths of inches to tens of inches). 0.0 — 10

3. INFRARED
"Far infrared" radiation borders radio waves along the electromagnetic spectrum (the 3 of them only for
commu?)

➔ Emitted by ANY objects that have THERMAL ENERGY

➔ 1st ever cell phone utilized this
➔ (Small difference with radio with in wavelengths and slightly higher energy)

4. VISIBLE LIGHTS
380-700 nanometers.

5. UV
Purple and violet light have shorter wavelengths than other colors of light, and ultraviolet has even shorter waves
than violet does; so ultraviolet is sort of "purpler-than-purple" light or "beyond violet" light.