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Living World 8th Edition Johnson Test Bank Full Chapter PDF
Living World 8th Edition Johnson Test Bank Full Chapter PDF
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Chapter 07 - How Cells Harvest Energy from Food
Chapter 07
How Cells Harvest Energy from Food
2. The first stage of cellular respiration, called __________, takes place in the cytoplasm of
the cell and needs no oxygen.
A. glycolysis
B. Krebs cycle
C. photorespiration
D. oxidation
7-1
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McGraw-Hill Education.
Chapter 07 - How Cells Harvest Energy from Food
4. What is needed for the end product of glycolysis, pyruvate, to enter the Krebs cycle?
A. More glucose for energy
B. ATP
C. Carbon dioxide
D. Oxygen
7-2
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of
McGraw-Hill Education.
Chapter 07 - How Cells Harvest Energy from Food
7-3
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of
McGraw-Hill Education.
Chapter 07 - How Cells Harvest Energy from Food
9. The Krebs cycle occurs in the mitochondria. There are nine biochemical reactions involved
in the Krebs cycle and they are highly ordered. Select the correct order from the following
choices. Note these are abbreviated and do not show NAD, ADP, ATP, FAD, or water.
A. Acetyl - CoA joins the Krebs cycle and unites with oxaloacetate forming citrate which
forms beta-ketoglutarate which forms succinyl - CoA which forms succinate which forms
fumarate which forms malate which forms oxaloacetate
B. Acetyl - CoA joins the Krebs cycle and unites with oxaloacetate forming citrate which
forms alpha-ketoglutarate which forms succinyl - CoA which forms succinate which forms
malate which forms fumarate which forms oxaloacetate
C. Acetyl - CoA joins the Krebs cycle and unites with oxaloacetate which forms alpha-
ketoglutarate forming citrate which forms succinyl - CoA which forms succinate which forms
fumarate which forms malate which forms oxaloacetate
D. Acetyl - CoA joins the Krebs cycle and unites with oxaloacetate forming citrate which
forms isocitrate which forms alpha-ketoglutarate which forms succinyl - CoA which forms
succinate which forms fumarate which forms malate which forms oxaloacetate
10. When ATP is made during glycolysis and the Krebs cycle, it is by
A. oxidative phosphorylation.
B. substrate-level phosphorylation.
C. photophosphorylation.
D. chemiosmosis.
E. ATPase.
7-4
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of
McGraw-Hill Education.
Chapter 07 - How Cells Harvest Energy from Food
7-5
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of
McGraw-Hill Education.
Chapter 07 - How Cells Harvest Energy from Food
14. What is the fate of the NADH and FADH2 made during the first stages of aerobic
respiration?
A. They carry electrons to the electron transport chain
B. They carry electrons to water
C. They carry electrons to acetylaldehyde producing ethanol or lactic acid
D. They carry them to the Calvin cycle to reduce carbon dioxide
E. They carry electrons to the Krebs cycle
16. Which of the following macromolecules can be broken down into intermediate products
that enter cellular respiration?
A. Proteins
B. Lipids
C. Nucleic acids
D. Carbohydrates
E. All of the choices are correct
7-6
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of
McGraw-Hill Education.
Chapter 07 - How Cells Harvest Energy from Food
18. Glycolysis takes place in the ____________, and the Krebs cycle and electron transport
chain take place in the __________.
A. mitochondrial matrix; inner mitochondrial membrane
B. cytoplasm; endoplasmic reticulum
C. intermembrane space of the mitochondria; mitochondrial matrix
D. cytoplasm; mitochondria
E. mitochondria; cytoplasm
7-7
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of
McGraw-Hill Education.
Chapter 07 - How Cells Harvest Energy from Food
20. Depending on your body's needs, acetyl-CoA is either directed into the Krebs cycle or
A. channeled into fat synthesis.
B. fermented into alcohol.
C. sent back to glycolysis.
D. sent to the electron transport chain.
E. fermented to lactic acid.
21. In the process of glycolysis, glucose is cleaved into a pair of three-carbon ________
molecules.
A. lactate
B. acetyl CoA
C. pyruvate
D. oxaloacetate
E. alcohol
7-8
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of
McGraw-Hill Education.
Chapter 07 - How Cells Harvest Energy from Food
25. Most of the carbon dioxide that is made during aerobic respiration is from
A. glycolysis.
B. the Krebs cycle.
C. the electron transport chain.
D. the Calvin cycle.
E. chemiosmosis.
7-9
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of
McGraw-Hill Education.
Chapter 07 - How Cells Harvest Energy from Food
26. Which of the following is NOT a catabolic reaction that cells use to get energy from
nutrients?
A. Cellular respiration
B. Fermentation
C. Photosynthesis
D. Anaerobic respiration
E. Digestion
28. During fermentation in yeast, acetaldehyde accepts a hydrogen atom from NADH and is
converted to _______________.
ethanol
7-10
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of
McGraw-Hill Education.
Chapter 07 - How Cells Harvest Energy from Food
29. During fermentation, _______ is recycled by transferring its electrons to a molecule other
than oxygen.
NAD+
31. ATP is formed when ___________ passes back across the membrane through ATP
synthase channels.
H+
7-11
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of
McGraw-Hill Education.
Chapter 07 - How Cells Harvest Energy from Food
32. The second stage of cellular respiration, _____________, takes place only in the
mitochondria.
the Krebs cycle
33. ________________ molecules of ATP are generated from the complete cellular
respiration of one molecule of glucose.
Thirty-six
34. When a high-energy phosphate group is transferred from a substrate to ADP it is called
____________.
substrate-level phosphorylation
35.
7-1-2013
2 or
two
7-12
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of
McGraw-Hill Education.
Chapter 07 - How Cells Harvest Energy from Food
FADH2
37. When FAD and NAD gain electrons and hydrogens during glycolysis and the Krebs
cycle, they are said to be _________.
reduced
38. A proton _______ drives the protons out across the mitochondrial membrane into the
intermembrane space.
pump
Essay Questions
7-13
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of
McGraw-Hill Education.
Chapter 07 - How Cells Harvest Energy from Food
39. Describe how adding a phosphate to ATP or removing a phosphate group from ATP
stores or releases energy.
Energy is stored in the high-energy bonds between the phosphate groups of ATP. When the
terminal phosphate is removed, energy is released. When it is added back on to ADP to make
ATP, energy is stored.
Glycolysis evolved first because cells of all types of organisms are capable of this process.
The Krebs cycle did not arise until after photosynthetic organisms began adding oxygen to the
atmosphere because the Krebs cycle requires oxygen, while glycolysis does not.
7-14
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McGraw-Hill Education.
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