Nama : Auliana

NIM : P07133221067
Prodi : STr Sanitasi Lingkungan / B

REVIEW ARTIKEL ILMIAH

“Reducing the burden of malaria in different eco-epidemiological settings with
environmental management: a systematic review”

The public health and economic significance of malaria is enormous, and its control remains
a great challenge. Many established malaria control methods are hampered by drug resistance
and insecticide-resistant vectors. Malaria control measures built around environmental
management are non-toxic, cost-effective, and sustainable. Malaria continues to be a major
public-health challenge. Globally, an estimated 300–660 million clinical Plasmodium
falciparum cases occurred in 2002.1 In subSaharan Africa, malaria is responsible for 1·5–2·7
million deaths each year, of which at least 0·7 million are among children aged under 5 years.
Malaria control methods that involve environmental management, which is a modification or
manipulation of the environment to reduce malaria transmission (eg, through the installation,
cleaning, and maintenance of drains, or the systematic elimination of standing pools of
water), currently receive far less attention.
To our knowledge, there has been no systematic literature review and meta-analysis to
examine the effectiveness of malaria control programmes that emphasise environmental
management. Our aim is to fill this gap, and hence to establish an evidence base of the impact
that environmental management has in preventing malaria-attributable ill health and death.
All the other studies reported very high protective efficacies when environmental
management was used for malaria control. For example, oilbased antilarval products were
applied in combination with environmental management in a number of studies. Besides
modification of the human habitat, which can be applied with ease in all eco-epidemiological
settings or environmental manipulation programmes in irrigation schemes, environmental
management interventions are particularly appealing in urban areas. Interdisciplinary
collaborations between the health, agricultural, water, and infrastructure development sectors
in the design of integrated intervention packages will be a feature of programmes that reduce
the burden of malaria. Collaboration, in this context, means that the higher expenses of
environmental management are not borne by the health sector and that malaria control