CDI

PART I MEANING OF JUSTICE

Ethics 1) “To render to each his due”
-derived from the Greek word, “ethos”, which means 2) “Treat equals equally and unequal unequally in
characteristic way of living and Greek word “ethikos” which proportion to their inequality”
means customary (practice).
-a branch of philosophy which studies the principles of right Three (3) Divisions of Justice
or wrong in human conduct 1)COMMUTATIVE JUSTICE
-the study of human motivation and ultimately of human -regulates those actions that involve the rights that exist
rational behavior the science of the morality of human acts between individuals
“Ethics is what makes us humans” -calls for fundamental fairness in all agreements and
Morality exchanges between individuals or private social groups
- quality which makes an act good or evil, right, or wrong -demands respect for the equal human dignity of all persons
Human Acts in economic transactions, contracts or promises
-actions that are done knowingly, deliberately, and freely Example:
Bases Of Morality Workers owe their employers diligent work in exchange for
1) SOCIAL NORMS – unwritten standard of acceptable their wages. Likewise, employers owe their workers payment
behavior in society for work done.
a) customs 2)DISTRIBUTIVE JUSTICE
b) tradition -regulates those actions that involve the rights that an
c) culture individual may claim from society concerned with the fair
2) LAWS OF SOCIETY – written rules of behavior laws created allocation of resources
by men to maintain harmony and order
3) RELIGION – a system of beliefs and practices based on faith PART II
and truths revealed to man by God Special Ethics
4) CONSCIENCE – the practical judgment of reason telling us - the study of the application of the general principles of
what should be done and what should be avoided; reflection morality
is one’s character PROFESSIONAL ETHICS
CHARACTER -a sub-branch of special ethics
refers to the traits of a person shown through his thoughts, -a set of moral code to which every profession must
actions, values and virtues. subscribe.
“Character is what you do when nobody’s looking.”- -aims to guide the actuations of the professional in the
anonymous. practice of his profession.
*ATTITUDE- the way you think Examples of professional ethics:
*BEHAVIOR- the way you act 1) medical ethics
2) business ethics
Value/S 3) legal ethics
-refer to anything that a person considers important, such as 4) code of ethics of teachers
ideas or experiences 5) code of ethics of public officials
-these influence how one resolves conflicts 6) POLICE ETHICS
-these dictate one’s lifestyle and life’s choices and decisions POLICE ETHICS
Virtue/S a practical science that treats the principles of human
-the habit of doing what is good or right morality and duty as applied to law enforcement.
-the opposite of which is vice PART III
Four (4) Moral/Cardinal Virtues PNP CODE OF PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT AND ETHICAL
1) PRUDENCE STANDARDS
-the ability to make decisions by means of reason According to Section 37 of RA 6975, “There shall be
- the virtue that attracts the intellect to choose the most established a performance evaluation system which shall be
effective administered in accordance with the rules, regulations and
2) FORTITUDE standards, and a CODE OF CONDUCT promulgated by the
- firmness of mind; the courage to endure without yielding; Commission for members of the PNP…”
the virtue that gives a person strength of the will; the virtue NAPOLCOM RESOLUTION NO 92-4
that incites courage -the resolution issued by the NAPOLCOM approving the draft
a) PATIENCE of the PNP Code of Professional Conduct and Ethical
- the ability to be calm in enduring situations Standards by the PNP approved on 12 March 1992
b) PERSEVERANCE PURPOSES OF THE CODE
- the ability to go on despite obstacles 1)To foster individual efficiency, behavioral discipline and
c) ENDURANCE organizational effectiveness, as well as respect for
- the ability to last constitutional and human rights of citizens, democratic
3) TEMPERANCE principles and ideals and the supremacy of civilian authority
-the ability to moderate one’s instincts and emotions; the over the military;
virtue that regulates a person’s wants; also means self-control 2) To set the moral tone and norms of professional conduct in
4) JUSTICE the police service.
-the virtue that inclines the will to give to each what is due to 3) To provide moral and ethical guidance to all PNP members;
him and
-the virtue that inclines the will to respect the rights of others 4) To enlighten members of the police service of what
behavior is acceptable – to define what is permitted and what
is prohibited.
Chapter 6: CLAWS RELATED TO THE PNP CODE OF COMMAND
PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT AND ETHICAL STANDARDS -the authority a person lawfully exercises over subordinates
1)RA 3019 – the Anti-Graft and Corrupt Practices Act by virtue of rank
2)RA 6713 – Code of Conduct and Ethical Standards for Public RESPONSIBILITY
Officials and Employees -the obligation to perform one’s duties and functions and his
3) RA 7080 – Anti- Plunder Act accountability for his actions
4) People’s Law Enforcement Board (PLEB) Rules and COMMAND RESPONSIBILITY
Regulations -the doctrine that imposes commensurate
accountability to one who is vested with
NEGLECT OF DUTY OR NON-FEASANCE authority to exercise management and/or leadership
-the omission or refusal, without sufficient excuse, to perform functions.
an act or duty, which it was the peace officer’s legal obligation
to perform.
IRREGULARITIES IN THE PERFORMANCE OF DUTY OR
MISFEASANCE
-the improper performance of some act which might lawfully
be done.
MISCONDUCT OR MALFEASANCE
-doing, either through ignorance, inattention, or malice, of
that which the officer had no legal right to do at all, as where
he acts without any authority whatsoever, or exceeds,
ignores, or abuses his powers.
-generally, means wrongful, improper or unlawful conduct.
-usually refers to transgression of some established and
definite rule of action

INCOMPETENCY
-the manifest lack of adequate ability and fitness for the
satisfactory performance of police duties.
OPPRESSION
-an act of cruelty, severity, unlawful exaction, domination, or
excessive use of authority.
DISHONESTY
-concealment or distortion of truth in a matter of fact
relevant to one’s office or connected with the
performance of his duties
DISLOYALTY TO THE GOVERNMENT
consists of abandonment or renunciation of one’s loyalty to
the Government of the Philippines, or advocating the
overthrow of the government
VIOLATION OF LAW
presupposes conviction in court of any crime or offense
penalized under the Revised Penal Code or any special law or
ordinance.
GOVERNMENT
includes the national government, the local governments, the
government-owned and controlled corporations, and all other
instrumentalities or agencies of the Republic of the
Philippines
PUBLIC OFFICER
-includes elective and appointive officials and employees,
permanent or temporary, whether in the classified or
unclassified or exempt service receiving compensation, from
the government
GRAFT
-the acquisition of gain or advantage by dishonest, unfair or
sordid means, especially through the abuse of one’s position
or influence in politics or government
CORRUPTION
-an act done with an intent to give some advantage
inconsistent with official duty and the rights of others
-the state of making something or someone other than what
is ideal
BRIBERY
-the act of receiving gifts or presents or accepting offers and
or promises in exchange for committing a crime that relates
to the exercise of the office