Lake IB /N-4 198651 8] 5 JISBOREME YY 3 a by PARIS LARA O BESET ET HUMAN REFUGE BEHAVIOUR DURING BIG FIRES CAUSED BY AN EARTHQUAKE Os 3882" = SL a By Shunkicki KOSAKA and Takao HORIGUCHI Human refuge characteristics during extended fires were studied by use of the data of the Great Kanto earthquake of 1923, A procedure to simulate refuge behatiour of in- habitants in a catastrophic urban area was developed and applied in this examination, Followings were found out through this survey ; (1) Refuge behaviour of inhabitants within | hectare become similar to each other in emergent state (2) Main eause of refuge action is depending the approach of fire domain, and peo- ple start to move when fires get atthe distance of 107~137 meters (3) People walk at the speed of 1.88 m/s, when they are free from what disturb them (4) Simulation technique developed by the authors is proved not oaly reliable but also practical 1 EOE ARO WHRBOMO | IRR CREAR TED MBVHNS. COLD AMISH» Tia, MMIC KIB IES SE AMEE AS OTHE. ko Cte TAKAO, HIRE 1 6 MRY - HRA T AY FD LOREMOBN LOADER, HSE WOMAIISAS HEL THD. FAKE NOAA HRUBRABY SCHL, RMON & Beste DPROI LPP AMSEC, DED BRT ERO AMIS OIRO IRE LCA VARTA, EORALEMOEDALS FENNEC ST OMFSOR IEE & I, SILO Mb HE ABEAT, A@OMLE HATCH M OM OBER BE 7 IMIG INT 4 SR OM I YREESEO. COBMAEMET SOLE, AUK BU OPO RMR CIRC & OME SAMO ORME BS CELODETH ED, CA DHE IC ROTEL A PH A HBL AEH ESCM RMM MARE COC L ERAN, KML 2A ACME ERATE (Fiss MmBEHR?-1) TEAM Lid aD TER ALM BPR TRLC & 4 ORR Y Sa Vy aE WHBCHS. SRM Y Sa Uy a PRIA OTF DURANTE, ONIA-F WES, SBE FAORRIG IC RPA MY Jk 3 COG HB BORREIET— 7 EL TMN, ANmHEEC Ee, © ARTE 12 SERA ODE TD ENER AC12 TL COREE AAMC PMCS BCE MERE 6. CRE ITCH CL, BROT FUMETCHO, LDL FMORBMY Fab-yart HOMME LAT 4. CE CIRM Y Da by a 7 BRAN Om RHANTHD, MAMENENOFROGEE RRL THO", EBON OFROWS hd AKAROA e fioTH aH. EC CKRODNG, BLOKE EMT SCE oT, ED RMUCMIL EX 7 Y 9 SPICE MEY So Vy ay BEET SC 4. ab BREED AIFF ROI BUT 2 RAM SET I. (CMM HL MRL, FOCI ERIE 12 HE OWRD FAAS S. OARS EEO MRE ROS OTWAHED 5, CME CAMB CH oR SEUMIERE- DBA AUME OLY CRMAYIC MIL,2 OBIS CUCM EF ROR B. RPRONL RAE LC, ABER OMA RET Sb RO BICKER O MBC OTRAS, 2. RTE E FUE EY Sab-ya LER (1) mie IO tH Uf AT AAMO KERTH TT UETS. EON BRE LC, MRED T OV, ARETE, BUREN. ONT RR EARS. eff 39 SIC 8 U2 SHITTING RRL BLEL TOS. OE DIRROR BOGE L PO RRIRAE 30 2h ESE MESS A 4c IL, ARH L~2 BHM EOE- 7 EIR I. COP FAREDNY CEMA AS ENCES. COR MARBUT bab oF, AMA e Hho TUE RROWBI ko TMAH ERE TEOLBAS. BRL KROBIEC ko CME MBL, £0 PEABO TERA CEORAE TS. CO Dri RAE AERA EO FORE 1948 IFSP £1964 FEE HOTEREO BE MEAT CHAE T> CH. REOALE, tE RURIESHOMACREL TC, HAE ZHAN PREC ASCE) BAU PENCE) Cab VC RAY Z MmENN BSCE HEMEL RZ: SUERTE 2H oc BES. RO DATA ARTI EBERRON) CE OMMET ORAS NTO, MEAS ARORKCH Cb, IME CO TRE, Ch SORT EKA EMBL. EARIT IL, Je RRA. ko T 2 ORM IMECS Bc & EAMAD SEN IO, € AS, AEREAEACL AJ DL FCRARICA RBIS S £07 8 6 RIT HA &, MMAR A/m DLR, ADRNOME SY SMEAR A 8. BRS: HAT MMLEEREMOMBS +2 (GI-1) ALT MIDEO SBR KT, ERORE LT DUARTE RTS LOTHS, (2) mise L-var tik ANTOFHIEIWTHRAS, EF HBE TB BESEOS 7 7 CMT. JOR, BITRATE HGEELERA 7 YZCLOREAM, EFBLOK BARE AROMA, UE Sy Ya ETT DGD OMBIEL LRA E HERS 2. HROFMEKICRNS, ORE Le EI A AN = WEUTHAS. EROS £ OSH ARAL, Sec RRL A So} (BERRI <2) (CATENIN (75) CEH CLIC ko CRIS (BAB). © iE e SRE SERN & ORR AND £3 ICIBBITTTELE Blab. COIL, BENE FARE A y Ya SINK, BROKEN kD HAEREL TOS 2OTHS. @ BAC OBES » Dosim ERS LOWE (BIA) m5 3Rub S. © BMARIME A oy OREM, HBA YABSOGHMT MORES 7 7 OOF 6, 0 TRPROR, OGL RATE, bLOMMTE RM AHO CDS. COL SHH ARUBA! BREA 72 OMB A BOWE BY 6. DULONRERA 9 YAU TH ARREARS TORRE EDM UCU, BEER A tbo DAB), BARE AB. TERA SO CREED ORE A cn te AR), HERBST AR GRRE) SELIEARD 2b tobe, MMR ONS 3 HAR HSLDTHS. SBAFROWMAIIET MEL EO LD ICD. 1) MRI £9 Yak ko CARL BAIS, A FRE RIT SC EUARCHO, EAA COA LE BRAG L CIENCY SMES IC MES ASA TUS | EWS FREE, 2) RIERA yy a OETA e BAN BBE A 7 Ya OPRRIR OBA UC FA TOSI Ko, MBA y ya DAFF —RHHIDIS OIC Ee > AB Kb, COROMMRMHE MMT Saree A. (3) SReORC eRe M2OADKII, (MMOS SRR META BiyT SAS, BRSEMICAMS HIT e 4 Lat FUMES TA yy aICHETS. COLE 9 ake (Le), SAT HRAE (0), HALTED (T.) © fica, In=0°T BARES. LAARORNO 1, HART RORTRROMTENHS. 3. CNS ESE SGRECARACHM ERO LOC, & RMB ERY TOC EOTHS. DENI MO Lo vaHHORES VICMELT, RMON td Le Bic TERR LA RITE SM KON SOBREANT — 9 OF te CePA DBE LIME, ARCH S. Et VEMADLSEREL TSO C, V ORME RSMMC BUT EET SS Lut Mo mces. ECC Le THE OEELE LE, vO ARROMMR & aU 5 PRIS AA ASOD BE TOA ms v 5 a a ota wea 47 a Siemens ore 1 1 time steps A i 8 G2 SrARORT CL oMEm FOO Pots SRE IST OR LTH LS. 2OBO >I O Kd SRA FT AMDT BER, TADAF 7 TORBAE & OMSL OME SOMME (MAIER op) HED 5 1B {EF SOHC AL. FORE, HROPLBL IA LAF TOT HAV RICE PORES ob STAHL E— RTS. PIM OABEC OUT, BRB CRT ED ICH ALF 9 FEB GIT ROLE (R) CET 3 anaemia 3 mois ZN ° : 7 0 2 4 6 & 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 aaoun uo 4 BOs KE CRIES. FHS op BIA LAT 9 TOIT EEREKECEO, R=05 CBKEKY, TOES APALAF ATTA D Ya, WIL AATF IIT 16 A 7 YaARMOPMLERT. EE old, RE (1 =R) CHR BLUME LBA, COI MILLAR EGS. MELT, RAOFHEOOTICBYS LF ALA 9 TCOMMOPARAAD4 RT. FE DERKOSAMOES, FHKE SENOS HL DAY Y a CORDS 51ED Id, HA TOMO X y YaDEREHML THEA, RMO5 EDASS BEEZ OBRINT 5. 3. SLR AAT 2. CHRP IKMMEREY Sa Dy a TE BECO HWE AACS LBM CERRO HH ACA ORR RMN AMET S. $RDSY iav— Y 87 ORR ARO IER A EATS BM STMT < APICAL GAT LE SEB SN OND A — 9 ft 5 RESETS ID EIST HL A TRE & ORME mH eMET 5. C1) MauERE ADT a SA SLMS ACE 12 SEDER AN BLORMKO AMET (BS). C038 SRE LAS 1 ic, Br TBA Cietat, aa CCIE, TCA - FEC IARTEA EL, MEMERIAB EO PMRPORNANS, RARE MRL ET TH FNORMFTSE CHS. KCHCO KI ARIS UL SRC BS, SANGLI EER OFM Ge, DOMINRES OFF RM HAE LT A vb time steps aa 23 BRON CRUNEE A BODSTHS. NFP ORB ERR S. 1 BRO 1Oa ss 20 % e Bw 5 “ te “oa a 6 8 10 “a Soon no ee a8 ADEA ET Tel axel i oe A ha % ‘ I b o 80 i 150) SEMBLE * w RS ene wo a , z " a "Fro {s0% SEMEN EGE i i Was i woe aren] Boe Sal i 30 ia] 50 i\ 20 s 10 inna “| a 5 Dh re 2 14 16 18 20 22 24 MT ort teas = 8 BS sie 7 eR NUEEN@ 00m DEHKBAy Ya CHML, BAY Y ADT ERA ETA S. BX 7 YOKE AEA MCABT PBA TIPE OIE Be 5 BET BPE, MEMMIL, A7 ya KSA TOSRTORHLEE ENSEMT I LOORMLTS. KR ST~F ELC, RF REITR LL O NEMEID REC” > 5 10 3p HR AAD L CR MONA 2 (RTO. < OLR HIRED 49 ACIP FY BBA A Rt 2 GLH KBE) & Ay OKANO iE] ERERI) B10 SPHRLICRALS ADP 9 1 RD HY BNR OAR REE LT 2 B. PRMITM km, ADE AHA, AT EMA 325 A/ha THSA, 1000 Asha MASA YabBO, COMMER O RIC BTS ARE BMMCHELEERL ES (BE). EKA Ya OMAN 5 HR MIRTLE —7 D5 CHD, A WOMAN CA HR 3 WE THT RICCO TREN, FIORE COMBIDWLD 70% HE L, MBNRIRi RR OBES 90 ha/h ALIAS ECHL CHV’. CORR, Ay Ya ON SIMINEINEHD 66 min E46 0, AL 100 m KEEPIN) Ean 1 4 BE IL 90 mh Ene, AEE LOMEESITIS, “GRO PRIRRIC REL CBRE LERENTHANRMMA OBIS, LOST A DAF -CRATRAMHESS. EHOW AI FE tuk, AERP YC ARPT I IDES, BES Oe LCR, AN, HOU, RATS, AES, MARTE UCLA, MAIKO, FACTOR TAD ORAT Sid LOL TORME Sa Ya 2 FARIS ABA GO BHT SO (2) FF mE AME RISME LOR, HCE Rea et ae FBI RLO IER — 9 & L CH GHARO ASIC KBE PRAMRE COMMEMI LTS. FEL, RUE NDFEB HRD SOLD DECI 5 OBA DAZ BAD OKIE B.S SCART ORI HAMOMATT HE ABC Ee NAA 000 A EERO, 20000 AL FHA, HR MOM ND HEAL E HALT RAUL TLS fb, SMO (HRB) OBAORAS KEGLS, ko CAM RURMO HE Hs EN DORA S. QIU AMIER EAH, HENRY HIER WEIR Sit CAA DES ERECT LTO 4S. CORRBNRCBE LC, TRAE OTIRAREE TET ORME LL FO 5 ices. AMEMECAARO 45 ATER AO MRR LEO HOBIE 5 OIE ELS BORE TS. Tieb SRAMDRRLGA, sHRUE e RIE EAE OME LS SONIA DE RIMES ODI 2 RIT MF SEOCHS. ELAR CURIA 7 ANIC BL COSHEMELMETS. SaHeob ent enh ed/2 cqlEMERO BS, cp EIPIERD y WT, co LORIE, ce LBERMO Ee ROK MEEK L, $74 77 RA GIGL TIME Co, KIER. ETN BO BOONE c is, =I (Re Col/Rel CHS. META NURS BNF AIBA YA [OME ESLDEL, MOLIENDK-F-H Ab. 4 YA DB KRG E RARE BITTHO PALE D 22 (SU SERE AGRE 7), FREER TOE (38 (0) (BB), Kb AT BIRO AAT AE (v), Hh 2: RLM RE cm ak: ROSORMO REAR Jy paOnaHA aa D5 Mi KH Re RSIS 5 OBER CRIT 4 HO MAT TT RE ROL (AARNE or) EFS. REL, TERT HOM, Tid 508, 0 (KOS ORAM CENE NBA aes. TRIN f ORM, T1105 foun IERIE aN O-FRCHB YY TV 9 2 AMIE ORD, ED ERDNT A= 7 fin o MRR TTD) a HES. AESRLL A aA EEA ACEC ro 13 TL KCI. (3) SER co B-9 CAMHRORHA HE REOEHE ERT, Foun 20.085 13/53, AERP LOM eset BUR HIIL COD. HP RIEO AMIE RIA HD DCH, HACHEM OOKMEB ABEL THO, fb PRO: b REPRE N TOS, LEALE-9 5, PFO RID CERIO 800 AIRE Late CH TABS CH SSL, HAMM NC TEE 1000 AAR DERE L ARE R Id 100 AE < CHS EE Entbms. ME CLE 10 AIM OER ORICA < SHALL T DSOKIEN, HRTRDLO. COMME, KOR ENED SAIARAS, (GE L RIESLHD FH5HHD GARB OCRWOSKA Pro tee EME TS. EH FE CLL RAUNT CRE AD — F— DIEH HTS DHL TOS A, HWCRHAOREAD EO, COR FELT, COMbeD PERSE DRRABETEL DS PEL & 2, SOHO NERA L CHIL AS HEEIS A OLA CUBIS, BLL, MRD BETTE CA oT By KURA A ELS STL ECE DBA GN 4. Sun EFRBNG A ~~ DEA, |. 88 m/s T=1h19mini0s 02005 99 tote Ly SEA HRNGIARLS 508 CH % FAROBOONG £-9-~OVMLB-10 IRF. HEN BD x 9 OIA CHM TOY Be fT OA AT AMA OSL, RESIN HETE, SACRE A Re ATO RARE OMS 5 OAS AMER HER EEC BU LCE. BOS EMIT co to GoBEO eM 0, Ty COMBED AM ERT. ENENONDA-F— 1 CWE OMINRLEL, DTM ERR, HORE TRING TE AD LAER CH 4 ELA OPCHS. BIZ (9 AL AIEEE TS) ost guthks es PAOBMRRON & MMMTRE & O) REE LA 2 BERETA EI) EL Pea, DREW LERL, FEAR (RURMEE COTE RES) SHER L OBS AORTA. GUO, RK, HOLG CREME LTS eb, PEA OEROMMPAL km FERS. NR ABO weg Shee BU ae ae ei ae 5 mee Sey “he wn eae Ren Dk OTHE 1 m/s CHO TS AEST CAA NU CKREBRCDEI SEN CRS. CDLIE SOIC O Ar Rt: 2 REE DBRE 9A SEO A A, Be I a Lic A AMIR ABE MeO DES Ly 2m KOS % BDA A MBE LTO BRIE fo 9 te BERGE T AMO HERS ERSTIIREIBE & & (AAAWRiHRREY 2 a Vm 2 FARIS GABA FONE 5 0.4 rama Os as 10 12 fer 14 No s- 90.0% R10 FRM E 89 x— 5 WL BIDE AI, FRB 2 RRA Cea MLL, CRU T, SOMME LO. oH DEMIS 10% & foo he 2RGULIC IA, PCIE 50% OAK ARE BRT, F5 20% ORTMRELE 6% 3 FIR BIC 12-10% HE DAA DER ACAEL TOS. EADE BROMMNE OE ALA 3 RELATOR L, HIE 2 BES BREOIC ODL bait te, IC AREAS SMREE FM BLOO HER 4 13 EAT. EU RME, TOOK EL TRL CHO. HF - AUTHORS 8 < ORME BURA L, BRMHOE LEXMICMES UTIAL “ORM, & OWO FCAT «AMATO FRET LAL CUE, BEIRMEBC 1 44 000 A DBE ASEH L e285, EN SDAAE IRIBUCI, TCKMAL TOA. BONNT A — 9 — Ott 5 KMOREREATADE OT WRC BRS. 8) aE HO (eRe A 3 OMEN 66 min, FI EERE RA 79min, FRAME ABI) ORAS 2008 (FH DS Ay Y 2. OSAP TEREIN A> 5 ATE ENE WH $C 2053) Bro, AA SAEMEBACAS 107-197 mm ISABEL ts SE EAMG L te © MRE SRL — AE GT SMES ABIA A Hew L TABI SO, LOS EER PBL KS, db BURRESS FEMI NESTE LC < HE 100 % 80) 7 amet anne n aan aol maa BRETAR, au aver A B13 METAR REC ko COW EMM LE LO TREO LER FDO Lha ROMER DOT AAI, ERE PRG NFREAISHRRL TSS, £09 MOM HAREM DN LE LOEMRTS. EUTCOR—t HRORWANTOLS EBA GALS OADM CIRASK, Mil ADMIRER, 1, TERROR, 85 CAO COR RLERTHS, TOROS oa AEN D, MRD 4 ACH ete LIS waste e fa wie fe. as 08 4012 1a cae soemoat os 08 SaMEMORH oa eves ca 30 ten ee ‘Gon RRM ARpeOReMORD ot Hae EVD x558 RAIMA ASS. TC MMTOWE MFO 3 RAK LSM ORR MMO BEI, SLO AA BRED O LMM EER EWCDAS. ECB MB, OERORAIMRELMAL TING &, IMO HERONS RAO, & Sica hob OREMADATAG DH, WMMRROBWME Fas & OMAR HME LOT. COL SME GEOI-F-PRETNE, OALREOR EE by BIE cBIES NS. CORR, Ae ube ee SHARMA HL, BRATHAN TS SBD HAS, AMMA BOM (kia elt, + COSMBMCL AY. 1TCEAL be SME DED EAA RMA ORB ORO A 4 DFE 15850, EAWARO ICID IS OHO APCS A DBESSDS CHS. BEACON TEABOR LAB CHS 1, LORMIC TOT, FSPCI ORE & HE OPES ONTO. Lip L, BREA MTA TERRELL O HE RHIC ED MILL ROOT HAS, MAMET OMADRRMH oLHABA THO, HRI, TOR TOMALES FCECES. SHRSIMO HERI EBD RAAB, SOLS EAR DAFA OOEHMTS, NSIS, KERICIES HEMI 5 CORRE E Me ORBAN ATC oR aT (1%. EPMA MHS 21 ORES BS, ERED SOK CHIE SAN Ie ee ChE. b) Faria er orien ase RAT BLO AFT MRMECE 1.88 m/s TAD, FRE WORMS NSEAR FULD SETHE 1 m/s! HEEL, CHICA METH S. LAL GAS, COs, HEH ROR ALIA Sf Se FLD LARGE 2 m/s BATHOES, RUTHER AMC, 100 m i ¢ACHBLo ERIE LY REPRE F CEE BET BEI, AROB TREO EMCI CHR, THE HRMS O, COL SORMMM IRIE Ea COSMMIDEO. OES PHENO Bd, TORUS, RING, ERARENLIBOO REE ROR, BR OMI S ORM OW THAT METS, SEMBMMLOMROMMMS, HEL KLOTA S. RAATOCMLTOAW, RETO TA OBSE—KL TS, B14 Ssh OH ERP Bo MOM HMA A 4) ai] 8 [| # eR R | om ig [i oR «PROT oOARS Te isis] il eae ae | sawp | mnaieruetsie | ASoodte mit | ba 3007 sow ag" he.00 eee otis or A ‘cal = 2 200. = - a ° Aas 16:00, on A i — A 209 4 18:00 ie:00 ea 4 RARER 7:00 94,1928aa 2 OMRAMERL TOS. BLOOD RED MOAN CHS HD, MRM LOMAS HERIET S 20, TEPER & OREN CREAR OTE OE) DENELATKEC, MMTOMRERLTNS. 1S Lai PLA CP RBEMNSE IBER KEK, EREORMMVEIL ESO, CREAN PR ORR CH SMPBOATIAUET SIEM HS, Af wif BURRS MAE CREE C8 te 0 SORRRIC OEE REAR L, BRMVICRMAE UR SOL BASH %. (4) BRR SRT ACKAEO IS MGBERE RES ORME B < ORME LAY Sa v—Yaye URE LOMBRTHS. ENOAATRORILIE SOO 1HMOBMENH S. LLEOIHIS, HEH AK W AB Be v 90 HITAC-M 200H (10~12 MIPS) (2 ko Chistes, BMS 13 RNR CO ARATE (CPU AFM) BEACH. AUTRE, COBME|DMRSUSLOTHS. SATIRE KIE TVICIRNET 3 © ERE 2, SRE AK RD I GRRE ttt % RIC HOCH RAREES 5 EDL BS. 4 RMA SUED HR EMT TS wR, AC ARIES © Ay 72 PRISE GIR MORRBE Y Sa Yay PEI L te, Co Dit TE 12 ERROR ORGANS S CLICKY, MiB RCO aE PCO TEOMA ERS MILL (1) Thao) Mbit cc ARE 8 IS REMI Lt (2) BRED 107 ~137 m Fisk CHIE L tok SLE Eo CBE ABBR L te, (3) ARPT RIM BT ANNES 1.88 m/s CH ot. DLONBE TI CLIK, (4) AFH, AINT- FOR RORBHE, aN MOREA oe EMS DIE Lt, KE 12EOWPRITENE, AA kB RATA ROSE ROS, KKOEMMAL TOC EMIS, SIEICLY EMADSOPMHS FS ALOK TH ON. O BN R2T, HED MINTS TEAC MO 6 Ree A 1S, RIM Ho CHBLO MME ATI 4 cE toT Kot, FUE FIA, SRMICRL TOE LY 2 PURI 6 ADEA SO FAROE 53 Wo TSHR CHE. TAs, AMER THRO BRR EWURL, ER AOE MOUIES ROE T 4 BEIGSTHAS. PDBES SRA Utrid, ERURAISUB MAES IRIS S OVIM CHM SS BBOLERNS. COLSCRBORREDOT EM HERORAMAMRT SC LAKTRTHS. FED SIAR LOIRE L ASE BERGA AE FORNNWBNC ES, API RME RTH IBA HEMT SAN EBM 1 KEOERATHS, HMMA OC, SiRMATT AS IBLE UT KOCEAMT SAS. 12M CHES 1a FAM CASE RES SP HOTHI, BIL RECBTS NS RMA CHM MMT SS ODAM BS. Dk OVARY CTD ARTS ODS WRERET OM SMEFOCLTHS. COLA GA AUDI, ORAL ds & IMME RES RIE i, AMEN EROTS C45, sare 1) Re AES aRRE Eo Ue, ASH, Vol. 89, pp.40~50, 1976, 2) BRUTE RCMPERA | ARHOL OOM EAA WF, p.10, 1971, 8) RATE : HMERIO ABE rst PRELIM, 1980 4) BS. Fyaav2, LM. Yar6y (HRRPR) oe FPROM ARE, BABIN, pp.127~138, 1977 5) FAVED, 2m: ARR Mii AMEE, Mem, .28, 197. 6) BER mn | RE BAR He MR 100 ARLE, 1935, 7) woe + RUA, 1920. 8) HCA: RASC CMA, LaaKe 4 wi, 1922, 9) fis). 10) PG. amy (FE LSU «RHE, HR, pp. 198~204, 1970, TW) 29992, MR eR (uA ldRaR) JR IEIBAICASG, 25H, pp.27~33, 1970 12) GARR S | BUREN 66, AB p.90, 1980, 1s) a4), MM) NIE SAREE MORAL BAR, Im, pp.137~141, 197 15) WAAR RRR Se: RUMI, OFA, 1s16, 16 SHER, RTA, (1986. 9.4 at)