Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Culture
Culture
disciplines. There
are several theoretical perspectives on culture, each with its own proponents and assumptions. Here are
three of
1. Functionalism: This perspective views society as a system in which all parts work together to create
society
as a whole. Functionalists believe that cultural norms function to support the fluid operation of society,
and
cultural values guide people in making choices. They also study culture in terms of values. For example,
education is highly valued the U.S. The culture of educationincluding material culture such as
classrooms, textbooks, libraries, educational technology, dormitories and non-material culture such as
specific teaching approaches- demonstrates how much emphasis is placed on the value of educating a
society's members
2. Conflict theory: This perspective views social structure as inherently unequal, based on power
differentials
related to issues like class, gender, race, and age. For a conflict theorist, established educational
methods are
seen as reinforcing the dominant societal culture and issues of privilege. The historical experiences of
certain groups-those based upon race, sex, or class, for instance, or those that portray a negative
narrative
3. Symbolic interactionism: This perspective focuses on the ways in which people interact with one
another
and how they interpret and give meaning to symbols. Symbolic interactionists believe that culture is not
a
fixed set of values and norms, but rather a dynamic process that is constantly being negotiated and
redefined
through social interaction. They also study how people use symbols to communicate with one another,
and
how these symbols are interpreted and given meaning.
Marginalization is a complex issue that affects many people around the world. According to a source,
there are
1. Economic marginalization: This occurs when people are excluded from economic opportunities and
resources. For example, racial minorities may face discrimination in the workplace, which can limit their
2. Political marginalization: This occurs when people are excluded from political processes and decision-
making. For example, some countries may have laws that prevent certain groups from voting or running
for
office.
3. Social marginalization: This occurs when people are excluded from social activities and institutions.
For
example, people with disabilities may face barriers to accessing public spaces and services, which can
limit
Human evolution refers to the process by which human beings developed on Earth from now-extinct
primates
The exact nature of the evolutionary relationships between modern humans and their ancestors
remains the subject
of debate. However, it is widely accepted that humans evolved fromn apelike ancestors and that our
species, Homo
sapiens, first evolved in Africa about 315,000 years ago . There are many variations in human evolution,
including
the emergence of different hominins such as Ardipithecus, Australopithecus, and other species of
Homo .
includes language, ideas, beliefs, customs, codes, institutions, tools, techniques, works of art, rituals,
and
ceremonies, among other elements . Here are some of the features of culture with one example for
each:
1. Symbols: Symbols are objects, gestures, sounds, or images that represent something else. For
example, the
2. Language: Language is a system of communication that uses symbols to convey meaning. For
example,
3. Values: Values are beliefs about what is important and desirable. For example, in many cultures,
honesty is