Experiment No.

S
Aim: - To analyse the given sample of salt for detection of one acidic and one basic radical

Detection of acidic radical(anion)

S.N. EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE
Salt + Dil. H;SO. No gas evolves Dil. MaSOgroup
absent
2. Salt +Con, H)SO. Colourless gas with Chloride( )may
pungent smell be present
evolves
3. Confirmatory test for chloride:
(a) Salt +Dil. HNO, +AgNO, White ppt soluble inChloride (C)s
solution ammonia solution confirmed

(b) Chromyl chioride test: Red b colour vapors

" Salt + KCrO, + Conc. HaSO + evolves
warm Solution turns
" Pass the vapours through yellow Chloride (Cis
NaOH solution Yellow precipitate is confirmed
Add lead acetate and dil. formed
Acetic acid to yellow solution

Detection of basic radical(cation)

S.N. EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE
Salt + NaOH solution + heat Colourless gas with Zero group is
ammonical smell present NH' may
evolves be present
onirmatory
Con test of NH,':
(a) put glass rod dipped in conc. HCI Dense white fumes
acid on the mouth of test tube generate around NH Confirm
glass rod
(b) Salt +t conc. NaOH + Nessler Brown solution NH Confirm
reagent + Warm

Result: in given sample of salt on acidic radical chloride (Ca) and one basic radical
ammonium (NH) is present.

Experiment No.6
Aim:- To analyse the given sample of salt for detection of one acidic and one basic radical

Detection of acidic radical(anion)

S.N.EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE
Salt + Dil, H:SO, and warm solution Colourdess gas with Acetate (CHCO0 )
vinegar like smell may be present
evolves
Confirmatory test for Acetate:
(a) Oxalic acid test: take 1gof salt inSmell of vinegar Acetate (CH;COO)
test tube and add small amount of obtained isconfimed
oxalic acid + one -two drops of
distilled water
(b) Ferric Chloride test: take 1 g of Deep red color Acetate(CH,COo)
salt in test tube and add 1-2 ml appears is confirmed
distilled water, shake well and add
1-2 mi of neutral ferric chloride
solution to it

Detection of basic radical(cation)

S.N. EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE
Salt + NaOH solution + heat No gas evove Zero group i
absent
2 Prepare original solution of salt by Cleat solution is Water soluble salt is
dissolving in 20 mi of water formed present
Small amount of oS+ Dil. HCI White precipitate is Group is present
solution formed Pb may be present
4, Confirmatory test of Pb; dissove
the precdpitate in hot water and
divide it into three parts
(a) part -1+ Ki solution Yellow precipitate Pb is confirmed
(b) part-2+ potassium chromate Yellow precipitate is
obtained which is Pb is confirmed
(c) part-3+ few drops of alcohol+ soluble in NaOH
dil. HaS0, White precipitate is
obtained which is Pb is confirmed
soluble in
ammonium acetate

Result: in given sample of sat on acidic radical acetate (CH,COO) and one basic radical
lead (Pb?) is present.
 Experiment No.6
Aim: - To analyse the given sample of satt for detection of one acidic and one basic radical

Detection of acidic radical(anion)

| S.N. EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE
Salt + Dil. H)SO, and wam solution Colourless gas with Acetate (CH;CO0 )
vinegar like smell may be present
evolves
2 Confirmatory test for Acetate:
(a) Oxalic acid test: take 1 g of salt inSmell of vinegar Acetate (CH;CO0)
test tube and add small amount of obtained is confimed
oxalic acid + one -two drops of
distilled water
Deep red color Acetate (CH,C00 )
(b) Ferric Chloride test: take 1 gof
is confirmed
salt in test tube and add 1-2 ml appears
distilled water, shake wel and add
1-2 ml of neutral ferric chloride
solution to it

Detection of basic radical(cation)

OBSERVATION INFERENCE
S.N. EXPERIMENT
Salt + NaOH solution + heat No gas evove Zero group is
1 absent
deat solution is Water soluble salt is
2 Prepare original solution of salt by present
dissolving in 20 ml of water formed
Group is present
Small amount of OS + DIl.
HCI White precipltate is Pb may be present
formed
solution
4. Confirmtovtest of Pb;dssolve
water and
the predpitate in hot
parts Pb is confirmed
divide it i othree Yellow precipitate
(a) part-1+ KI solution Yellow precipitate is
chromate Pb is confirmed
(b) part-2 + potassium obtained which is
soluble in NaOH
drops of alcohol +
(c) part-3 +few White precipitateis
Pbis confirmed
dil. HaSO4 obtained which is
soluble in
ammonium acetate

and one basic radical

radical acetate (CH,COO)
in given sample of salt on acidic
Result:
lead (Pb) is present.

Experiment No.7 basic radical

of one acidic and one
salt for detection
given sample of
Aim:-To analyse the INFERENCCE
acidic radical(anion) OBSERVATION Group A anlon
Detection
S.N.
of ad
EXPERIMENT Colourless, (Co, may be
HSO, colourless gas with
+ dil present)
1 Salt solution brisk effervescence
which turn lime
water milky
co,Conirmed
BaCo,
Confirnative test: Whiteppt of
solution + BaCl, Confirmed
2. Test : Sat MgCo, co,
(a) BaCh Whiteppt of
solution +
Test : Sat
(b) MgSO,
Mgso, INFERENGE
radical(cation) OBSERVATION Zero group is
basic Colourless gas with present NH may
Detection of ammonicalsmel
S.N. EXPERIMENT
solution + heat be present
Salt + NaOH evolves

HCIDense whitefumes NH Confirm

of NHa*
Confirmatorytestdipped in conc
generate around
NHA Confirm
2. rod glassrod
(a)putglass mouth of test
tube
Brownsolution
acid on the
Nessler
NaOH + radical
(b)Salt+conc. (CO,)and onebasic
reagent+ Wanm carbonate
radical
on acidic
sample of salt
Result:in given
is present.
ammonium(NH)
 Experiment No.8
Aim:To analyse the given sample of salt for detection of one acidic and one basic radical

Detection of acidic radical(anion)

|S.N. EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE
1 Salt solution + dil. H;SOa solution No gas is evolved Group Aradical
absent
2. Salt + Conc. H;SO,+ Heat Brown Colourled Group B radical
gas (NO2) is evolved (NOS may be
present)
3 Confirmatory test of NO,: Deep blue colored NO; confirmed
(a) Diphenyl amine test: salt +Conc. solution
H,SO,+ diphenyl amine
(b) Ring Test: Salt +Freshly preparedBrown ing is NO; cofirmed
FeSO4 + Conc. H;SO.along the sde formed at the
of the test tube Junction of two
liquids

Detection of basic radical(cation)

S.N. EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE
1 Salt + NaOH solution +heat No gas evolve Lero group Is
absent
2. Prepare original solution of sat by Cleat solution is Water soluble salt is
dissolving in 20 ml of water formed present
Small amount of 05 + Dil. HCI White precipitate is Group is present
solution formed Pb may be present
Contirmatory test of Pb; dissolve
the predpitate in hot water and
dlvide It into three parts
(a) part -1 + Kl solution Yellow precipltate Pb is confirmed
(b) part-2+ potassium chromate Yellow precipitate Is
obtained which is Pb is confirmed
(c) part-3 + few drops of alcohol+ soluble in NaOH
dil. HasO. White precipitate is
obtained which is Pb is confirmed
soluble in
ammonium acetate

Result: In given sample of salt on acidic radical nitrare (NOs) and one basic radical Lead
(Pb) is present.

Experiment No.9
Aim:To analyse the glven sample of salt for detection of one acidic and one basic radical

Detectlon of acidic radical(anion)

S.N. EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION
1 Salt solution + dil H,sO, solution No gas is evolved

2 Salt solution + Conc. H;SO solution No Gas is evollved

3 Salt soluiton + BaCl, solution White precipitate is

formed
Confirmatory test of SO.:
(a) dissolve the ppt in Dil. HCl or Dil. Ppt remains
HNO, solution insoluble
(b) Salt Solution +lead acetate White ppt. formed So. is confirmed
solution
(c) Add ammonium acetate Solution Ppt becomes SO is confirmed
|(CH,COONHA )to above ppt soluble

Detection of basic radical(cation)

S.N. EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE
1 Salt + Na OH solution + heat No gas evove Zero group is
absent
2 Prepare original solution of sat by Cleat solution is Water soluble salt is
dissolving in 20 ml of water formed present
3. Small amount of OS + Dil. HCI No ppt is formed 1 Group is absent
solution
Pass the H2S gas to above solution Black ppt is formed 2nd Group is present
(Cu) may be
present
Confirmatory test of Cu: Dissolve Solution turns
above ppt In HNO, and Divide the bluish green
g
above solution in 2 parts.
(a) part 1 + NHAOH solution Deep Blue color Cu is confirmed
solution obtained

(b) part 2 + Ka[Fe (CN)j solution Brown color ppt is Cu is confirmed

formed

Result: in given sample of salt on acidic radikal Sulphate (SO) and one basic radical
Copper (Cu) is present.
 Experiment No.12
Aim: -To analyse the given sample of salt for
detection of one acidic and one basic radical
Detection of acidic radical(anion)
S.N. EXPERIMENT
OBSERVATION INFERENCE
1 Salt + Dil. H,SO, No gas evolves Dil. H;SO.group is
absent
2. Salt + Con. H;SO, Colourless gas with Chloride (d) may
pungent smell be present
evolves
3. Confirmatory test for chloride:
(a) Salt + Dil. HNO3 +AgNOs White ppt soluble in Chloride (C) is
solution ammonia solution confirmed
(b)Chromyl chioride test: Red b colour vapors
" Salt + KzCr0, + Conc. HzSO,+evolves
warm Solution turns
Pass the vapors through yellow Chloride (CH) is
NaOH solution Yellow precipitate is confirmed
" Add lead acetate and dil. formed
Acetic acid to yellow solution

Detection of basic radical(cation)

S.N. EXPERIMENT
OBSERVATION INFERENCE
1 Salt + NaOH solution + heat
No gas evolves Zero group isabsent
2. Prepare original solution of salt by Cleat solution is Water soluble salt is
dissolving in 20 ml of water formed present
3. Small amount of Os + Dil. HG No ppt is formed 1# Group is absent
solution
|4. Pass the H2S gas to above solution No ppt is formed 2nd Group is absent
|5. Boil above solution to remove H,S
and add NHCi (s) + NHOH in excess. No ppt is formed 3rd Group is absent
6. To above test tube pass HzS gas Black ppt is formed 4th Group is present
NP may be present
7. Confirmatory test of NI": Dissolve
the ppt by boiling with aqua regia
(Conc HC + Conc. HNO:] evaporate
to dryness & add water &divide in 2
parts.
(a) part 1 + Dimethyl glyoxime Rose pink color ppt NP is confirmed
(DMG)
(b) part 2 + NaOH Apple green ppt N is confirmed

Result: in given sample of salt on acidic radical Chloride (C) and one basic radical Nickle
(NI") is present.
 Experiment No. 10
detection of one acidic and one basic radical
Aim:- To analyse the given sample of salt for
Detection of acidic radical(anion)
OBSERVATION INFERENCE
$.N.
1
EXPERIMENT
Salt + Dil, HaSOa
No gas evolves DIl. H;SOgroup is
absent
Colourless gas with Chloride (a) may
Salt + Con. H;sO4
pungent smell be present
evolves
3
Confirmatory test for chloride:
White ppt soluble Chloride ( ) is
(a) Salt + DIl. HNO, +AgNO
ammonia solution confirmed
solutlon
(b) Chromyl chioride test: Red b colour vapors
" Salt + KCrO+Conc. H;SO + evolves
warm
Solution turns
. Pass the vapours through yellow Chloride (a)s
NaOH solution
Yellow precipitate is confirmed
. Add lead acetate and dil. formed
Acetic acid to yellow solution

Detection of basic radical(cation)

S.N. EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE
Salt + NaOH solution + heat No gas evove Zero group is
1
absent
Cleat solution is Water soluble salt is
2 Prepare original solution of salt by
dissolving in 20 ml of water formed present
Small amount of oS + Dil. HCI No ppt is formed 1# Group is absent
3
solution
Pass the H;S gas to above solution No ppt is formed 2nd Group is absent

Boil above solutlon to remove HaS

and add NHCI (s) + NHOH in exess. No ppt is formed 3rd Group is absent
6 To above test tube pass HaS gas White ppt is formed 4th Group is present
Zn may be present
Confirmatory test of Zn?;- Dissolve
the white ppt in HCl and dlvide H
into 2 parts. Zn? is confirmed
(a) part 1+ Ka[Fe(CN)a] solution White ppt is
obtained
Bluish white ppt Zn is confirmed
(b) part 2+ NaOH solution

Result: in gilven sample of salt on acidic radical Chloride (CI) and one basic radical Zinc
(Za) is present.

Experiment No.11
Aim: - To analyse the given sample of salt for detection of one acidic and one basic radical

Detection of acidic radical(anion)

S.N. EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE
Salt + Dil, HSO. No gas evolves Dil. H;SOgroup is
1
absent
2 Salt + Con. HSO4 Reddish orange Bromide (Br) may
vapors which turns be present
starch paper yellow
3. Confirmatory test for Bromide: Yellow ppt partly
(a) Sat +Dil. HNO, + AgNO, solution soluble in NHOH Bromide (Br) is
solution confirmed
(b) MnOz test:
" Salt solution + MnO + Conc. Orange red vapors Bromide (Br) is
HaSO4 + Heat evolves confirmed

Detection of basic radical(cation)

S.N. EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE
1 Salt + NaOH solution + heat No gas evolve Zero group is
absent
2. Prepare original solution of salt by Cleat solution is Water soluble salt is
dissolving in 20 ml of water formed present
3 Small amount of os + Dil. HCI No ppt is formed 1# Group is absent
solution
Pass the H;S gas to above solution No ppt is formed 2 Group is absent

S Boll above solutlon to remove HzS

and add NHCI (s) + NHOH In exess. No ppt is formed 3 Group is absent
6. To above test tube pass H2s gas No ppt s formed 4th Group is Absent
7 Remove H;S gas by bolling. White ppt I Sth Group is present
Add [NHJa CO, to it. obtained Ca, Ba, sr may
be present
8 Confirmatory test: dissolve the ppt
in water and dlvide Into three parts
(a) part 1 + ammonium oxalate No ppt Ca is absent
(b) part 2+ ammonlum sulphate No ppt S is absent
(c) part 3 + potassium chromate Yellow ppt Ba*is confirmed
(d) Flame test: takea small amount Apple green flame Ba is confirmed
of salt on piatinum loop and put in
flame

Result: in glven sample of salt on acidic radkcal Bromide (Br) and one basic radical Barium
(Ba) is present.