6500+ Oo) tera JEn JUNIOR ENGINEER ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING Topic Wise Objective Question & Answer with Solution Topic Wise Presentation |Thoroughly Revised & Updated Also Useful for State Engineering Service Examinations, Public Sector Examination & Other Competitive Examinations. E} info@engineersacademy.org W www.engineersacademy.org National Board Helpline Number : +91 809 444.1777 RY ENGINEERS ACADEMY")Xe eT SS ven eure ees Publisherand Distributor Engineers Academy Publications # 100-102, Ram Nagar, Bambala Puliya, Toll Tax, ‘Tonk Road, Pratap Nagar, Jaipur (Rajasthan)-302033, E-Mall:engineers.academy.india@gmailcom All Rights Reserved : ‘This book or part there of cannot be translated or reproduced in any Form (except for review or criticism) without the written permission fromthe Publishers. 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As a teacher we have realized over past years that success in any competitive exam requires hard work and proper guidance. Engineers Academy with its unique teaching methodologies has always proved that we meet the expec- tations of thousands of students and parents to make their dreams come true. With changing patterns, we have adapted ourselves to deliverthe best and ensute better results, This book has been organized and executed with a lot of care, dedication and passion for lucidity. A conscious attempthas been made to simplify the concepts to facilitate better understanding ofthe subject. Engineers Academy has many successful stories of students who secured All India Rankin ESE, GATE,PSUs, SSC- JEn, RRBJEn ang other compitative examination. Now we invite you to become a part of Engineers Academy to explore and achieve ultimate goal of your lfe. 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Itis eamestly hoped that with the extensive additions and revisions, the present edition will facilitate the students not only in preparing themselves for competitive examinations but also in preparing for their regular examinations and prove more useful to the students than the eatlier editions, Even though, enough readings were given for correcting the error and printing mistakes, due to human tendency there could be some minor typos in the book. IF any such typos found, they will be highly appreciated and in corporated in the next edition. Also, please provide your valuable suggestions at engineers.academy.india@gmailcom Wish you all the best. Have a nice reading - Team of Engineers Academy PublicationsELECTRICAL MACHINE. POWER SYSTEM MEASUREMENT BASIC ELECTRONICS NETWORK THEORY CONTROL SYSTEM DIGITAL ELECTRONICS POWER ELECTRONICSUNIT-I ELECTRICAL MACHINE Nc asserted Mh ey So DSSS CE ad Ce een)NOTES NSENGINEERS ACADEMY Transformer EE asd TRANSFORMER OBJECTIVE QUESTION! Ifa saw-cut is made in the iron core of a single- (@) Third harmonic exciting currents will low phase transformer as shown in the given figure, in the primaries of star with secondary terminals open it will result in (©) Third harmonic exciting currents cannot flow in the primaries of star Band cut ce (©) The fluxes in the three transformer cores are sinusoidal in time (4) The voltage between ‘0° and ‘n’ is zero 3. In a 3-phase power transformer, S-limbed construction is adopted to (a) Suppress the Sth and 7th harmonics (a) No voltage across secondary terminals due to discontinuity in magnetic circuit (©) Suppress the 3rd and its multiple harmonics (b) Excessive large current drawn by primary Seaman (@) Increase the capacity of the transformer Ne bh in the operation of (©) No appreciable change inthe operation OF 4 Consider the following statements the transformer ‘The use of Delta-connected tertiary windings in (@) No transformer action and the primary star-star connected power transformers rent will be greatly ‘current will be greatly reduced 1 Makes available supply for single-phase loads. 2. A star-connected generator supplies power to a star/star connected transformer as shown in the 2. Suppresses harmonic voltages. siven figure, The generator voltages are perfectly balanced. As a result, 3, Allows flow of earth fault current for operation of protective devices 4, Provides low-reactance paths for zero- R, sequence currents, Of the statements are correct (a) 1, 2 and 3 are correct (b) 1, 3 and 4 are correct (©) 2 and 4 are correct (@) 1, 2,3 and 4 are correct Generator Y/Y TrusforuerElectrical Engines If the height to width ratio of the window of 8. core-ype transformer is increased, then (a) Its leakage reactance and percentage voltage regulation will decrease (b) Its leakage reactance will decrease and Percentage voltage regulation will increase Its leakage reactance will be unaffected but total space in the window will increase to ‘accommodate the windings better © (@)_ Efficiency will increase and temperature rise will decrease Ifthe secondary winding of the ideal transformer of the circuit shown in the given figure has 40 tums, then for maximum power transfer to the 2ohm resistor, the number of tums required in the primary winding will be 80, v9 Bl |Bomm doa t deal transformer (a) 20 © 4 (©) 80 @ 20 A 220/110V, 50 Hz single-phase transformer having a negligible winding resistances operates froma variable voltage, variable frequency supply such that V,/F (V, = primary applied voltage, voltage, f = source frequency) is constant. This will bringing the given range of frequencies, (a) Variation in both eddy current loss and hysteresis loss (©) Variation only in the eddy current loss, hysteresis loss remaining constant (©) Variation only in the hysteresis loss, eddy current loss remaining constant (@ No change ether in the eddy current loss or the hysteresis loss 9 Topicwise Solved Questions ENGINEERS ACADEMY ‘A S-phase Y/A transformer has per phase tur ratio *K’ and line voltage ratio Ky. Ifthe voltage of A winding lags the voltage of Y winding by an angle then K, K, and are related as (a) K,=K and ¢=-30° ® Ky = Fy and 30" (©) K,= 3K and 6 =-30° (@ Ky =K and ¢=30" H x | shy |] baad 7 vov [at i Figure 1 Figure U1 A two-winding transformer (200 V/120 V) has a load of 2.4 kVA as shown in Figure-1. The ‘windings of transformers are reconnected as an auto transformer shown in Figure- Il. Assuming the same current rating for both the windings as before and neglecting the losses, the KVA rating of the auto transformer will be (a) 6.44 KVA (b) 4.0 kVA (©) 3.84 kVA (@) 24 kVAENGINEERS ACADEMY. Transformer ls | 10. a. 12. ‘Two transformers X and Y with identical ratings ‘and dimensions have 0.8 mm and 1.2 mm thick laminations respectively. IF Ry, and X,, are the magnetizing branch parameters in the equivalent circuit, then (a) R,,values in both are likely to be equal, but X,, of X is likely to be higher than X,, of ¥ (b)_X,, values in both are likely to be equal, but R,, of X is likely to be higher than R,, of ¥ (©). Xp values in both are likely to be equal, but R,, of X is likely to be lower than R,, of ¥ (@)_R,, values in both are likely to be equal, but X,, of X is likely to be lower than X,, of ¥ Hysteresis loss of @ transformer designed at voltage “V’ and frequency ‘f” is Py If the transformer is operated from a voltage “xV" and frequency “xf” the hysteresis loss for a Steinmetz constant of will be @ xR, © ® © @ xR, Which one of the following figures represents the correct direction of flow of currents in the different sections of the windings of an auto transformer? ©) @ 3B. 14. 15. 16. ‘Two magnetic materials. A and B have their electrical conductivities in the ratio 4 : 9. Eddy current losses in the materials A and B are in.the ratio (a) 2:3 () 3:2 ©) 9:4 @ 4:9 For a distribution sub-station power transformer, operating at normal voltage and frequency, and with usual 24-hour urban domestic load-cycle, Jet the commercial efficiency be n, and the all- day efficiency be n,. Under the operating conditions stated above, which one of the following is correct? @) =n ) nem © n iron loss (4) None of the above IDSSSB JE - 2015] If the supply frequency to the transformer is increased, the iron loss will (a) Not change (©) Increase (b) Decrease (@) Any of the above IDSSSB JE - 2015] ‘The no load primary input is approximately equal to the (@) Iron loss of transformer (b) Sum of Iron loss and copper loss of transformer (6) Neither Iron loss of transformer nor copper loss (4) Copper loss of transformer IUPRVUNL JE - 2016] ‘An exact equivalent circuit of a transformer is siven by: (a) Conductance and susceptance for mutual flux (b) Resistance and inductance for primary and secondary windings and conductance and susceptance to represent the mutual flux (6) Resistance and inductance for primary and secondary windings respectively (@) Resistance and inductance for primary, secondary and mutual flux linkages respectively [UPRVUNL JE - 2016] 167. 168, 169. 170. ‘The short circuit test in a transformer is carried cout (a) At full load current (b) At half load current (©) At very small load current (@) At Greater than full load current [UPRVUNL JE - 2016] Regulation of a transformer is defined by rise in primary voltage required to maintain rated output voltage at a given power factor for a lagging power factor load: (a) From no load to 50% of full load (b) From no load to full load (©) From no load to 25% of full load (4) From no load to 75% of full load [UPRVUNL JE - 2016] Booster transformers are used to: (a) Change the voltage magnitude and phase angle (b) Reduce the voltage magnitude (©) Increase the voltage magnitude (@) Change the voltage phase angle [UPRVUNL JE - 2016] ‘Two 3+$ transformers can be operated in parallel if the ...... condition is satisfied. 1. Same voltage ratio and same voltage refering to the primary and secondary of the transformer to be connected in parallel. 2, ‘The phase displacement between primary and secondary must be the same for all transformers connected in parallel 3. The phase sequence must be same (a) Only 3 is correct (b) Only 1 is correct (6) Only 2 is correct (@) All 1, 2 and 3 conditions are satisfied simulataneously. [UPRVUNL JE - 2016]171. 172, 173. 174. 175. Electrical Engines ‘The sheet stec! material used in transformer core has (a) High core loss and low permeability (©) Low core loss and low permeability (©) Low core loss and high permeability (@) High core loss and high permabilty [UPRVUNL JE - 2016) ‘Auto transformer has (a) One winding (b) Multiple windings (©) Two windings (@) Does not have any winding IUPRVUNL JE - 2016] ‘The A connection has the advantage of restricting the third harmonic components currents to: (a) Within star connection (©) Within deta connection (©) Within both star and delta connections (@) Neither star nor delta connections IUPRVUNL JE - 2016) Ina transformer the leakage flux: (a) Contributes to transfer of energy from primary to secondary (b) Does not contribute to transfer of energy from primary to secondary (©) Contributes to transfer of energy from secondary to primary (@) Contributes to transfer of energy between both coils simultaneously IUPRVUNL JE - 2016] A transformer is equivalent to an ideal transformer (a) With inductive coil connected in the secondary circuit (b) When no coils are connected to primary and secondary (©) With inductive coil connected in only the primary circuit (@) With inductive coils connected in both the primary and secondary circuits IUPRVUNL JE - 2016] 9 Topicwise Solved Questions 176. 177. 178. 179. 180, ENGINEERS ACADEMY ‘The current transformer's used in differential protection of a star/delta transformer will be connected in the configuration of: (a) Delta connection on both sides of transformer (b) Star connection on both sides of transformer (©) Star connection on star side and delta connection on delta side of transformer (@) Delta connection on star side and star connection on delta side of transformer [UPRVUNL JE - 2016] The flux density affects: (a) Neither hysteresis nor eddy current loss (b) Only eddy current loss (©) Only core loss (@) Only hysteresis loss IUPRVUNL JE - 2016] ‘The frequency affects (a) Both hysteresis and eddy current loss (b) Only eddy current loss (©) Neither hysteresis nor eddy current loss (@) Only hysteresis loss [UPRVUNL JE - 2016] In electrical power transmission the configuration of transformers are extensively used: (a) Neither Y/A and AY (b) ia (©) Both Y/A and AY @ ay [UPRVUNL JE - 2016] ‘The short circuit test in a transformer is carried ‘out by Solidly shorting, (a) Only high voltage windings (b) Only low voltage windings (©) Either high voltage and low voltage windings (@) Both high voltage and low voltage windings [UPRVUNL JE - 2016]ENGINEERS ACADEMY. Transformer Ea 181. 182. 183, 184, 185, 186, ‘Transformers. (a) Generate (b) Neither generate nor absorb (©) Absorb (a) Absorb as well as generate [UPRVUNL JE - 2016] The no load primary current will be approximately in the range of... time the rated load current in a transformer: (@) 08 01 (© 09 (@ 0s [UPRVUNL JE - 2016] The efficiency of a transformer depends: (@) On both load power factor and load ‘magnitude (©) On load power factor (©) On load magnitude (@) Neither on load power factor nor on load ‘magnitude Reactive power: [UPRVUNL JE - 2016] Ina transformer on load the total primary current is given by (a) Load component of secondary current (b) Sum of magnetising current and Reflected Joad current on primary side (c) Reflected load current on primary side (d) Magnetising current {UPRVUNL JE - 2016, UJVNL - 2017] ‘The per unit quantity for voltage is defined by: @ V,.= Vy, ) v= V (OV, = WV @V, = WN, [UPRVUNL JE - 2016] ‘Transformers can be connected in: (a) Both series and parallel (b) Series (c) Parallel (€) Neither series nor parallel [UPRVUNL JE - 2016] 187, 188. 189. 190. Open Circuit Test on transformer is used to find (a) No load current (b) Full load copper loss (©) Equivalent resistance referred to metering side (@) Equivalent resistance referred to metering side and no load current both [UPPCL JE - 2016, LMRC JE - 2016) Dissolve gas analysis of transformer oil is carried ‘out to determine: (@) Condition of transformer oil (©) Condition of transformer (©) Condition of bushings (@ Condition of bushing stud [UP JAL Nigam AE - 2016] ‘The steel used in transformer core is high silicon content to: (a) Produce low permeability and low hysterisis loss (6) Produce high permeability and low hysteresis loss (©) Produce low permeability and low Eddy current loss (@) Produce high permeabil current loss and low Eddy IMPPKVVCL - 2017] A 1g, 10 KVA, 220/110, S0HLz transformer is connected to a 220V supply. It draws rated ‘current at 0.8 p.f. keading. The transformer may be considered ideal. What is the kVA rating of the load? (a) 10 © 15 (b) 20 @s IMPPKVVCL - 2017]Electrical Engines 91. A 14, 10 KVA, 2400240V, 60 Haz distribution transformer has the following characteristics: Core loss at full voltage is 100W and copper loss at half is 6OW. What is the efficiency ofthe transformer when it delivers full load at 0.8 pf lagging? (a) 93.54% (c) 95.92% (b) 94.52% (@) 97.53% [MPPKVVCL - 2017] 192. How the leakage flux is minimized in an actual transformer? (a) Interleaving and sectionalizing both primary and secondary windings (b) Sectionalizing primary windings only (©) Interleaving and Sectionalizing secondary ‘windings only (@) Sectionalizing secondary windings only (JUVNL JE - 2017] 193. Which machine is protected by Buchholz relay? (a) Generators (©) Motors (@) Transmission lines TUPPCL - 2013, UPRVUNL - 2016, DMRC JE = 2017, MPKVL - 2017, Coal India Ltd. - 2017, JUVNL JE - 2017] 194, If the voltage ratio of the transformer is 1 : 30 then the ratio of primary and secondary tums (b) Transformers will be ~ (a) 2:30 (b) 1:30 (1:3 (@) 2:10 [JUVNL JE - 2017] 198. Which quantity is preferred as a reference vector to draw a Phasor diagram in a series circuit? (a) Phase angle (b) Current (©) Power (@) Voltage [JUVNL JE - 2017] 9 Topicwise Solved Questions 196. 197. 198. 199. 200. ENGINEERS ACADEMY Which type of “Current Transformer Arrangmenet" (CT) is preferred in protection of star-star power transformer? (@) Staridelta connections (b) Star/star connections (©) Delta/delta connections (@) Detta/star connections [JUVNL JE - 2017) ‘The current and potential transformers are used to measure — (a) High current and high voltage (b) Low current and low voltage (©) High voltage and low current (@) High current and low voltage (JUVNL JE - 2017] All day efficiency of a transformer is defined as the ratio of output to input in ~ (a) KVA at particular instant (b) KWh during 24 hours (©) KVARh at particular instant (@) KW during 24 hours [UPRVUNL - 2015, JUVNL JE - 2017] An electric transformer is: (a) A magnetic device that consists of two or ‘more multi tum coils wound on a common core (b) A magnetic device that consists of only two coils wound on a common core, (©) An electric device that consists of two or ‘more multi tun coils wound on a common (@) An electric device that consists of only two coils wound on a common core. IKVS JE - 2016) A.2000/200 V, 20 KVA transformer has 66 tums in the secondary. The number of primary of tums are (@) 660 (b) 440 (©) 770 @ 330 [Noida Metro Rail Corporation - 2017]ENGINEERS ACADEMY. Transformer Ei 201. 202. 203. 204. 208. 206. “A transformer has efficiency of 80% and works at 100V and 4 kW. If the secondary voltage is 240V, find the primary current (a) 16674 (&) 40a (©) 30 @ 10A INMRC - 2017] ‘The full load efficieney at unity power factor of a 230/115 V, 2 RVA single phase transformer having a Cu loss of 60W at half load and iron loss of 50 W is (a) 92% (©) 90% (b) 87% (@) 98% IDMRC JE - 2017] Find the line current under measurement, if a 100 : 5 CT is used in conjuction with a (0 ~ 5A) ammeter reads 3A, (a) 104 (©) 604 35a (@ 154 IDMRC JE - 2017) Current transformers (CT) are used for: (a) Measurement of frequency (b) Measurement of large DC currents (6) Measurement of large alternating currents (4) Measurement of high voltage IDMRC JE - 2017) ‘Two transformer are to be operated in parallel such that they share load in proportion to their KVA ratings. The rating of the first transformer is 500 kVA and its pu leakage is 0.05 pu. If the rating of the second transformer is 250 kVA then its pu leakage impedance is (a) 0.025 01 (©) 005 (@ 02 [Coal India Ltd. - 2017] A 3ephase transformer has its primary is delta ‘connected and secondary in star, Secondary to primary tums ratio per phase is 5. What would be the secondary voltage for a primary voltage of 400 V? (a) 2000 V (©) 3464 V () 80V @ 138 Vv [Coal India Ltd. - 2017] 207. 208. 209. 210. 2. 212. ‘A transformer having a tum's ratio 1 5 and a resistance of 500 Q is connected across the secondary terminals, What is the equivalent resistance for the current flowing in the primary’? (a) 100.0 &) 109 © 209 @ 509 [Coal India Ltd. - 2017] The percentage resistance of a 100 KVA, SKY, 50 resistance is given by: (@) 2% (b) 20% (©) 40% @ 4% [Coal India Ltd. - 2017) In a transformer having 1000 primary and 400 secondary turns, if the primary voltage is 250 volts, the secondary voltage will be: (@) 400 Volts () 100 Votts (6) 625 Volts (2) 1600 Volts ILMRC JE - 2016] ‘Which test on transformer provides information about regulation efficiency and heating under load conditions? (a) Open circuit test (b) Back to back test (6) Hopkinson test (@ Short circuit test IUJVNL - 2016] If the flux density in the core of a transformer is increased (a) Frequency on secondary windings will change (b) Wave shape on secondary side will be distorted (©) Size of transformer can be reduced (@) Eddy current losses will be reduced [WIVNL - 2016] Which of the following transformer will be largest in size (@) 1 kVA, 25 Hz (©) LKVA, 60 Hz (b) 1 KVA, 50 Hz. @ LKVA, 100 Hz. [WIVNL - 2016]213. 214. 218, 216. 217. 218, Electrical Engine In a transformer magnetic coupling between the primary and secondary circuit ean be increased by: (a) Increasing the number of turn (©) Using soft materials for windings (6) Using magnetic core of low reluctance (4) Using transformer oil of better quality IVJVNL - 2016) For a transformer of the full load, copper losses are A and iron losses are B. Then the load at ‘which these two losses would be equal is given by (a) Full load « A/B (b) Full load * BVA (©) Full load « JATB (@) Full load « JBTA [UJVNL - 2016) Full load copper loss in a transformer is 1600 watts, At half load, the loss will be: (a) 6400 Watt (b) 1600 Watt (©) 800 Watt (@) 400 Watt TUJVNL - 2016] ‘A Transformer has full load copper losses of 800 watt and core loss of 600 watt. Total losses at no load will be: (a) 1400 watt (©) 100 watt (b) 1100 watt (@) 600 watt [UJVNL - 2016] ‘A 600 KVA, 16, transformer when working at unity p.f. has an efficiency of 92% at full load, total losses at full load are: (a) 104.4 KW (b) 48 kW (©) 52.2 kW (@) 26.1 kW TUJVNL - 2016) condition is approximately: (a) 75% (b) 50% (©) 25% (@) None of the above [UJVNL - 2016) 9 Topicwise Solved Questions 219. 220. 221. 222. 223. ENGINEERS ACADEMY ‘A single phase transformer rated at 3000 kVA, 69 KV/4.16 KV, 60 Hz has a total internal impedance Z, of 127 ohm, referred to the primary side. ‘Calculate the primary current if the secondary is accidentally short circuited. (@) 435A (b) 543 A (©) 9006 A @ DA WJ & K JE - 2016] Which testis used to determine the magnetizing impedance of a transformer? (a) Short-circuit test (b) Impulse test (©) Load test (@) Open-circuit test WU & K JE - 2016] A transformer rated 250 kVA, 4160 V/480 V, 60 Hz has an impedance of 5.1% Calculate the total impedance of the transformer referred to the primary. (a) 69 ohm (b) 0.92 ohm (©) 3.52 ohm (@) 0.51 ohm Jammu & Kashmir JE - 2016) Three single phase transformers are connected in delta-delta to step down a line voltage of 138 KV to 4160 V to supply power to a production plant. The plant draws 21 MW at a lagging power factor of 86%, Calculate the apparent power furnished by the HV line. (a) 244 MVA——(b) 48.8 MVA (©) 122 MVA—@) 6.1 MVA Jammu & Kashmir JE - 2016) A large transformer operating at no load draws an exeiting curent I, of SA, when the primary is connected to a 120 V, 60 Hz source. From a wwattmeter test, itis known that iron losses are equal to 180 W. Caleulate the reactive power absorbed by the core. (a) 600 var (©) 180 var (b) 572 var (@) 360 var Jammu & Kashmir JE - 2016]ENGINEERS ACADEMY. Transformer Ei 224, 228, 226. 227. 228, 229, ‘The exciting current ina single phase transformer consists of ~ (a) Fundamental component current (b) Odd harmonies (©) Even harmonies (4) Fundamental and odd harmonies [UPRVUNAL AE - 2014] For minimum weight of the transformer, the iron ‘weight should be ... the weight of the copper. (@) More than (b) Equal to (©) Less than (@) No relation IRRB SSE - 2015] ‘What KVA rating is required for a transformer that must handle a maximum load current of 8 ‘A with a secondary voltage of 2 kV? (a) 4 kVA (b) 0.25 kVA (6) 16 kVA (@) 8 kVA IRRB SSE - 2015] ‘A current transformer has double tur primary and a 100 tum secondary winding. The secondary draws current of 6A and magnetising ampere- tums is 60. What is actual transformation ratio? (@) 1005 (b) 101 (©) 50.24 (@) 25.12 [UPRVUNAL AE - 2014] A 1OKVA, 400 V/200 V single phase transformer with 10 percent impedance draws a steady short cirouit line current of ~ (@) 504 (b) 1504 (c) 250 A (a) 350.4 ILMRC AE - 2016] When is an Auto transformer used in transmission and distribution’? (a) When operator is not available (b) When iron losses are to be reduced (©) When efficiency consideration can be ignored (4) When transformation ratio is small ILMRC AE - 2016] 230. 231. 232. 233, 234, 238, ‘No-load on a transformer is carried out to determine: (a) Copper toss (6) Magnetising current (6) Magnetising current and loss (@ Efficiency of the transformer IESIC JE - 2016) ‘The power transformer is a constant: (a) Voltage device (b) Current device (©) Power device (4) Main flux device IESCI JE - 2016) ‘Which of the following is not a routine test on transformers? (a) Core insulation voltage test () Impedance voltage test (6) Radio interference test (@ Polarity test IESIC JE - 2016] AA transformer can have zero voltage regulation at: (a) Leading power factor (b) Lagging power factor (6) Unity power factor (@) Zero power factor IESIC JE - 2016) When a given transformer is run at its rated voltage but reduced frequency, its (a) Flux density remains unaffected (b) Iron losses are reduced (©) Core flux density is reduced (@) Core flux density is increased [ESIC JE - 2016] ‘The voltage transformation ratio of transformer is equal to the ratio of (a) Primary tums to secondary turns (©) Secondary current to primary current (©) Secondary induced e.m.f. to primary induced (@ Secondary terminal voltage to primary applied voltage IESIC JE - 2016]236. 237. 238, 239. 240. Electrical Engines For minimum weight ofa transformer, the weight of iron should be: (a) Equal to weight of copper (&) Less than weight of copper (©) Greater than weight of copper (@) Zero IESIC JE - 2016] Core of transformer is made of good quality material like CRGO steel to minimize: (a) Eddy current loss (b) Full load copper loss (c) Hysteresis loss (4) No load copper loss [FCI - 2015] ‘The function of conservator in a transformer is to: (a) Store extra oil to be used in emergency (b) Provent entry of moisture (©) Cool transformer (@) Take care of expansion and contraction of oil due to change in temperature of oil [FCI - 2015] What is the cause of occurrence of stray load losses in transformer? (a) Leakage flux (b) Poor cooling (c) Overloading (@) Under frequency operation (FCI - 2015] ‘The iron losses in a 100 kVA transformer are | KW and the full load copper losses are 2 kW, then maximum efficiency occurs at a load of: (b) 100/V2 kVA (4) None of these {FCI - 2015] (a) 1002 kVA, (©) 50 kVA 9 Topicwise Solved Questions ENGINEERS ACADEMY 241, When the turns ratio of a transformer is 20 and 242, 243, 244, 245, the primary ac voltage is 12 V, the secondary voltage is @ 2V (©) 240. (b) 120.V (@ 2,400V IRRB SSE - 2015] ‘The nominal ratio of a current transformer is: (a) Primary winding current/secondary winding current (b) Number of Primary winding turns/Number of secondary winding current (©) Rated Primary winding current/Rated secondary winding current (@) Number of Secondary winding turns/ ‘Number of Primary winding tums IFIC - 2015] ‘When moist air passes through a bed of silica gel, the (a) Dry bulb temperature of air decreases (b) Dry bulb temperature of air increases (©) Specific humidity of air increases (@) It undergoes adiabatic saturation IAAT Electrical-2016] Single phase Transformer voltage is maximum ‘when the primary and secondary coils are (a) Normal to each other (b) Have a phase shift of 90° from each other (©) Aligned along the same axis (@) Have a phase shift of 120° from each other IAAT - 2016] In a transformer, electric power is transferred from primary coil to secondary ~ (a) Through air (b) By electric field (c) Through insulating medium (@) By magnetic flux IRRB JE - 2015]ENGINEERS ACADEMY. Transformer Bi 246. 247, 248, 249. 250. 251. Which part of transformer is subjected to maximum heating (a) frame ©) core (©) ail (@) winding IRRB JE - 2015) If the transformer frequency is changed from 50 Hz to 60 Hz, the ratio of eddy current loss at 60 Hz to 50 Hz at constant voltage will be — (a) 6 () 65 (©) 25136 (@ 3625 [Uttarakhand AE - 2013] ‘Which test is performed to determine core loss of a transformer? (a) Short cireuit (c) Open Circuit (b) Sumpner (@) None of these [Uttarakhand AE - 2013] The maximum efficiency of a 200 kVA transformer having an iron loss of 1800 W and full load copper loss of 3200 W occurs at ~ (b) 150 kVA (@) 125 kVA [Uttarakhand AE - 2013] ‘The emf per turn for a single phase 2200/220 V, 50 He transformer is approximately 12 V. The ‘number of primary and secondary turns are — (b) 183, 18 @ 172,21 [Uttarakhand AE - 2013] ‘Which type of connection is employed for current transformers for the protection of star-delta connected 3-phase transformer? (a) 100 kVA (©) 200 kVA (a) 18, 183 (6) 155, 26 (@) Delta-Delta —_(b) Star-Star (©) Star-Delta (@) Detta-Star [Uttarakhand AE - 2013) 252. 283. 254. 288, 286. 287. Tf the secondary burden of a current transformer is 15 VA and secondary current is SA, then the impedance of the connected load will be: (@) 06.9 w5a 6a @ 02 IUPRVUNL AE - 2016] A PT is a device which is: (a) Electro-statically coupled (b) Electrically coupled (c) Electromagnetically coupled (@) Conduetively coupled [UPRVUNL AE - 2016] A TT transformer cannot be paralleled with ‘transformer. (b) Y-8 @ AA [BSNL TTA - 2016] A200 KVA transformer has an iron loss of 1 KW and full load copper loss of 2 KW. Its load KVA corresponds to maximum efficiency is__. @ VV ©) YY (a) 100 kVA (b) 70.7 kVA, (©) 200 kVA (@) 1414 kVA IBSNL TTA - 2016, J&K (JE) - 2016] For Higher Voltage Ranges _ Transformers are used (@) Core Type (b) Shell Type (c) Both Core Type and Shell Type (@ None of these IBSNL TTA - 2016] In order to achieve high all day efficiency in a ‘transformer: (a) The copper losses should be less (b) The operating temperature should be low (6) The shell type construction should be used (a) The iron losses should be less IBSNL TTA - 2016]258, 259, 260. 261. 262. 263. Electrical Engines In a step-up transformer, the tum's ratio is 1: 2 ‘A Leclanche cell (emf 1.5 V) is connected across the primary. The voltage across the secondary is (a) 30 V (b) 0.75 V jov @1sv IBSNL TTA - 2016] In a transformer, the ratio of primary to secondary is 9 : 4. If power input is P, what will be the ratio of power output to the power input (a 4:9 (o4 5:4 @tit IBSNL TTA - 2016] CT and PT are used generally to (a) Step up the respective quantities (b) Step down the respective quantities (©) Both (@) None of these IBSNL TTA - 2016] Current drawn by the primary of a transformer which steps down from 220 V to 22 V to operate a device having an impedance of 220 © will be~ @ 1A () OLA (©) 001A @ 10A IBSNL TTA - 2013] In a transformer the resistance between the primary and secondary must be~ 1K (@) Infinite [BSNL TTA (JE) - 2013) (a) Zero (©) 100 ka ‘A good transformer must have voltage regulation as high as possible: (a) True (b) False (©) Cannot be said (@) None of these [BSNL TTA - 2016] 9 Topicwise Solved Questions 264. 268. 266. 267. 268. ENGINEERS ACADEMY Calculate the regulation of transformer in which ‘ohmic loss is 1% of the output and reactance drop is 5% of the voltage, when the power factor is 0.8 lag, (a) 3.8% © 1% (b) 3.5% @ 5% IBSNL TTA - 2016) In an ideal transformer the no load primary ccurrent I, (a) Is in phase with V, (b) Leads V, by 90° (©) Lags V, behind 90° (@) None of these IBSNL TTA - 2016] At relatively light loads, transformer efficiency is low because— (a) Secondary output is low (b) Transformer losses are high (©) Fixed loss is high in proportion to the output (@ Cu loss is small IBSNL TTA - 2016] At low frequencies, the material used for transformer cores is (©) Silicon iron (@) None of these [BSNL TTA - 2016] ‘The KVA Rating of an ordinary 2-winding transformer is increased when connected as an autotransformer is due to (a) Copper (c) Soft iron (a) Transformation ratio is increased (b) Secondary voltage is increased (©) Energy is transferred both inductively and conductively (@) Energy is transferred inductively [BSNL TTA - 2016)ENGINEERS ACADEMY. Transformer Ei 269. If we leave the secondary winding of current 274, Why is the core of the transformer built up of 270. 21. 272. 273. transformer open (@) Nothing will happen (b) CT will blast (6) There will be only magnetizing component of the current flowing in the primary (@) There will not be any current in primary ‘The magnitude of magnetic flux in a transformer (a) Decreased with increase in load (b) Increases with inerease in load (6) Is same at all loads (@ Increases as load increases from zero and remain nearly constant at high loads IBSNL TTA - 2015] ‘Transformers are rated in KVA instead of KW. because (a) Load power factor is often not known (b) KVA is fixed whereas KW depends on load pe (c) Total transformer loss depends on VA (@) It has become customary IBSNL TTA 2016, BSNL TTA - 2016] ‘The efficiency of a transformer is (a) Independent of load (b) Maximum at no load (c) Maximum at a given load such that variable losses equals constant losses (4) Maximum when copper losses are zero IBSNL TTA - 2016] ‘The maximum flux density in the core of a 250/ 3000-volts, 50 Hz single phase transformer is 1.2 Wh/m?, Ifthe e.m-f, per tum is 8 volt. Then what is the value of primary and secondary turns (@) 208 & 32 (b) 375. & 32 (6) 208 & 375 (d) 32.& 375 IBSNL TTA - 2016] 275, 276. 277. 278, 279. ‘the laminations? (2) To reduce eddy current loss (©) For convenience of fabrication (©) No specific advantage (@) For increasing the permeability [UPSSC JE - 2016] In a transformer, minimum voltage regulation ‘occurs when the power factor of the load is (@) Leading, (b) Lagging (©) Unity @ 08 [UPRVUNL - 2015] ‘The highest rating transformer is likely to found application in: (@) Distribution (b) Transmission (@) Substation. IUPRVUNL - 2015 (©) Generator Current transformers for meters and relays usually have: @1 (b) 5 (©) 5-A secondary's (d) 5-A primary's IUPRVUNL - 2015] Consider the following statements regarding parallel operation of transformer's 2 ratio 1 ratio 1. Transformers must be operated at same frequency 2. Transformers must have equal voltage ratings. (a) Only 1 (6) Both 1 and 2 () Only 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 TUPRVUNL - 2015] Voltage regulation of a transformer is negative for (a) inductive load (©) resistive load (b) capacitive load (@) no load [UPRVUNL - 2015]280. 281. 282. 283, 284, 285, Electrical Engines il is invariably used in large transformers to (a) Lubricate the core (b) Insulate the core (©) Lubricate the coil (@) Provide fuel for operation [UPRVUNL - 2015] ‘The value of useful flux least depends on: {a) Voltage (b) Current (©) Load (@) Magneto motive force [UPRVUNL - 2015] ‘A part of primary winding also serves as secondary winding in: (a) Potential transformers (b) Auto transformer (e) Current transformer (@) All types of transformers [UPRVUNL - 2015] Ina transformer, the magnitude of mutual flux is (a) Varies at low loads and constant at high loads (©) Low at low loads and high at high loads (©) High at low loads and low at high loads (4) Same at all loads IUPRVUNL - 2015] ‘A tap changer is used on a transformer for adjustments in (a) Primary voltage (b) Secondary voltage (©) Both primary and secondary voltages (@) Neither primary nor secondary voltages IUPRVUNL - 2015] Ferrite cores are used in high frequency transformer because it has: (a) Low resistance (b) High resistance (©) High hysteresis (4) Low permeability [UPRVUNL - 2015] 9 Topicwise Solved Questions 286. 287. 288, 289. 290. 291. ENGINEERS ACADEMY ‘A transformer having a turn ratio 1: 5 anda resistance of 1000 ohms is connected across the secondary terminals, the resistance t0 the ccurrent flowing in the primary will be: (a) 10 ohm (b) 20 ohm (e) 40 ohm (@) 60 ohm IUPRVUNL - 2015] Ina power transformer, at fill load, the efficiency is: (a) Minimum (b) Maximum (©) Half the normal efficieney (@) 20% of the maximum efficiency IUPRVUNL - 2015] Which of the following losses in transformer is zero even at full load? (a) Core loss (b) Friction loss (©) Eddy current loss(d) Hysteresis toss IUPRVUNL - 2015] Basically, a booster is a (a) Synchronous motor (b) Capacitor (©) Inductor (@) Transformer [UPRVUNL - 2015} Which of the following statement is true about the windings of a transformer? (a) Windings are conductively linked (b) Windings are inductively linked (©) Windings are not linked at all (@) Windings are electrically linked [UPRVUNL - 2014] No winding resistance means ~ (a) Primary windings have constant resistance (b) Secondary windings have infinite resistance (©) No ohmic power loss (@) Infinite resistive voltage drop IRRB JE - 2015)ENGINEERS ACADEMY. Transformer a 292. Which of the following is not a type of 298, What principle makes the instrument transformer construction used for single phase transformer? (a) Core type (b) Shell type (6) Berry type (a) Roof type IUPRVUNL - 2014] 293. An ideal transformer has 294. 296. 297. (a) Very high losses (6) Very low losses (6) Moderate losses (a) No losses [UPRVUNL - 2014] ‘The no-load current of a transformer is 20 A at a power factor of 0.20 lagging, when connected 0 400 V, 50 Hz supply. Calculate the magnetizing ‘component of no-load current, () 134A (&) 168A. (©) 196A (@ 1824 [UPRVUNL - 2014] . Which of the following statements is/are true? 1. DC supply cannot be used for transformers. 2. The transformer works on the principle of ‘mutual induction, Choose the correct answer from the options given below. (a) Only 1 (c) Only IT (&) Both T and IT (@) Neither T nor It [UPRVUNL - 2014] Short circuit test on transformer is also known as (a) Capacitance Test (b) Impedance Test (6) Inductance Test (4) Current Test IRRB JE - 2015) No load loss of a transformer has two components. They are eddy current and hysteresis loss. In which part of a transformer hysteresis will oceur: (@) Core (c) Transformer oil (b) Breather (@) Conservator IDMRC - 2015] 299, 300, 301 302. 303. working, (a) Self induction (b) Lenz law (©) Mutual induction (@) Fleming's right hand rule IDMRC - 2015] Step up transformer increase (a) Power (b) Power factor (©) Frequeney (@) Voltage IDMRC - 2015] Which of the following prevents the damage to a transformer due to lightening (@) Buchholz relay (b) Conservator (©) Breather (@ Hom gap IDMRC - 2015] ‘The frequency of ac supply is increased keeping impressed voltage of a transformer constant. It cote loss will (a) Increase () Decrease (©) Not change (@) Depends upon the design of transformer IDMRC - 2015] Power transformers are designed with: (a) Low leakage reactances (b) High leakage reactances (6) High all day efficiency (@) Low fill oad voltage regulation IDMRC - 2015] A delta/delta connected three-phase transformer ‘can be connected in parallel with: (a) Star/detta () DeltaStar (©) Star/Star (@) Star/Zigzag [DMRC - 2015]304, 305. 306, 307. 308. Electrical Engines To conduct Sumpners test on a transformer: (a) Only one transformer is sufficient (b) Two identical transformers are needed (©) Two un-identical transformers are needed (@) At least three transformers are necessary IDMRC - 2014, FCI - 2015] Distribution transformers. have core losses: (a) More than full load copper losses (b) Equal to full load copper losses (©) Less than full load copper losses (@) Negligible compared to full load copper losses IDMRC - 2014] Which of the following combination of 3-phase transformers can be successfully operated. in parallel: (a) A~Y and A~Y (b) Y-Y and A-¥ (©) A- A and A-Y (@) Y-Aand A- A IDMRC - 2014] Distribution transformers have the rating of ~ (a) up to 50 kVA (b) up to 100 kVA. (©) up to 150 EVA (@) up to 200 kVA IRRB JE - 2015] ‘When power is drawn from secondary coil of a transformer, the dynamic resistance: (a) increases (b) decreases (©) remains constant (4) changes erratically ILMRC - 2015] 9 Topicwise Solved Questions 309. 310. au. 312. 313. ENGINEERS ACADEMY ‘A transformer steps up or down: (@) ac. only (b) de. only (©) either ac. or de. (@) ac. mixed with de. ILMRC - 2015) ‘The equivalent resistance of the primary of a transformer whose transformation ratio is $ and resistance is 0.1 ohms, when referred to the secondary will be: (@) 0.5 ohms (b) 2.5 ohms (©) 0.02 ohms (@) 0.004 ohms ILMRC - 2015) Buchholz relay is used on: (a) Welding transformers (b) Air cooled transformers (©) Fumace transformers (@) Oil cooled transformers ILMRC - 2015, ESIC JE - 2016) ‘The primary to secondary turns ratio of a transformer is 1 : 2. If primary is connected to ‘50 Hz supply, then the frequency of secondary side in Hz is: (a) 50 Hz (b) 5072 Hz ()2*S50Hz — @) 3x SO Hz ILMRC - 2015) ‘One 200 V, 100 W bulb is connected in series with primary of a 200 V, 10 kVA transformer. If its secondary is let open circuited then the bulb ‘would have: (a) Full brightness, (b) Poor brightness (©) A little fess than full brightness (@) More than full brightness ILMRC - 2015]