h

Effects and Benefits of Projector Installation in Classrooms:

Experiences and Challenges of Senior High School Teachers in
Morelos Campus

A Research Paper
Presented to
The Faculty of the Basic Education Department
Father Saturnino Urios University
Butuan City

In Partial Fulfillment
Of the Requirements for Practical Research
And Community Immersion and Investigation

By:
Charles Go
Franzcine Espanto
Jason Salazar
Joshua Timogan
Judea Erasmo
Maria Nicole Tolibas
Reynald Galdo

MS. ELLAINE MAE T. CARBON

Research Advisor

November 2023
 Abstract
This study aims to investigate the perceptions of Senior
High School Teachers of FSUU Morelos Campus towards the use of
Projectors and its effects and benefits for the learning
environment. This includes the teaching strategies and methods
that teachers may/may not use when it comes to discussions, the
challenges teachers face on the presence and absence of
projectors, and how the installation of Projectors would be
important for Senior High School teachers.

The study is a qualitative research design and utilized a

semi-structured interview through a 1 on 1 interview discussion
as the method in collecting the data. A total of 4 teachers were
the respondents of this study.

The results of this study shows that the teachers perceived

the installation of Projectors within classrooms to be important
and necessary. In terms of the challenges they face, (1) Time
Consuming to set up projectors, (2) Heavy to carry and affects
the physical health of the teachers, (3) HDMI or Wiring issues
that teachers face when setting up Projectors, and (4) Limited
Projectors distributed among the teachers. To counter the
challenges these teachers face, they resorted into (1) Creating
Printer Materials/Handouts, (2) Traditional Textbooks, (3)
Writing on the Board, and (4) Creating Activities. In terms of
the other teachers and staff’s initiatives to support the
installation of projectors within classrooms, results of the
study revealed that the teachers acknowledge its importance and
the challenges they face on a day to day basis without it.
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The researchers would like to express their sincerest

gratitude to all the persons who extended their support and

contribution to the study.

To Ms. Ellaine Mae T. Carbon, the research adviser and

mentor, for her patience, encouragement, and professional advice

by imparting and sharing her knowledge to improve the whole

manuscript and finish this study;

To the respected panel members, who gave their constructive

comments and suggestions; and

To all the teachers from the Senior High School Department

who gave time and effort in answering our interview questions.

 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study 1

Review of Related Literature 5

Theoretical Framework 9

Statement of the Problem 11

Significance of the Study 12

Scope and Delimitations of the Study 14

Definition of Terms 16

Chapter 2: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research Design 18

Sample and Sampling Technique 19

Research Locale 20

Research Instruments 21

Data Gathering Procedure 22

Ethical Considerations 23

Chapter 3: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 26

Chapter 4: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATIONS 60

Appendices 66

List of References 78

Curriculum Vitae 80
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study

In the 21st Century, Technology has advanced and coexisted

with human lives for as long as we can remember. The convenience

it offered for people to make life easier has ensured that

Technology will be around for a long time. This includes its

benefits towards education, and how Educators have adapted to it

through the use of Projectors, a Modern method of teaching. Over

the years, the development and integration of such technology

has brought about many changes in student learning. As an

important tool in education, it has changed the way information

is delivered and shared throughout an audience in a more

efficient and convenient manner, compared to the past. In FSUU

Morelos Campus in particular, Educators have adapted to this

modern method of teaching, and are using Projectors to fit with

their Teaching Strategies, especially within the Senior High

School Curriculum where subjects are known to be advanced and

difficult to understand.

As more and more educational institutions approve the use

of this technology, more Projectors are manufactured and used

inside schools each year. The reason for such a surge is because
of the many benefits that Projectors have given. Through various

other Research, we have learned that Projectors are not only

important mediums when it comes to visual learning, but have

also made lessons more engaging and interactive, increasing

student participation and understanding, teach with a range of

mediums, make better use of time in the classroom, and enhancing

collaboration and communication among students (Papadopoulos,

2017).

In the Developing world, the quality of basic education is

often very low due to the lack of adequate resources, especially

in Central Asia and West Africa. These resources include the

lack of competent teachers, lack of textbooks, and most

importantly the issue that the research will focus on, the lack

of facilities such as projectors (School of Education, 2019). In

the Philippines, there are a lot of educational institutions

that lack numerous facilities and equipment such as Projectors.

In Father Saturnino Urios University Morelos Campus in

particular, the ongoing lack of distribution has hindered a few

classes within the institution, especially for higher grade

levels such as Senior High School. With the rapid shift from

traditional teaching methods to more interactive teaching

approaches, Projectors are devices that have become important

tools/mediums that Teachers use in class discussions. With

subjects getting more difficult each year, and more complex and

complicated lessons are introduced that require a lot of

thorough teaching and in-depth understanding, the need for

Projectors has become more imperative than ever. However, as the

demand for Projectors has increased, the supply distributed

within schools would often fail to keep up.

With this ongoing issue, a solution was created, which was

to install Projectors within classrooms. In this Research, the

researchers will be investigating the different factors that

come with the installation of Projectors. The Study will

investigate how Educators perceive the use of projectors and its

effects and benefits in teaching. Unlike other Research, the

Researchers will be conducting this Research on Educators, as

they are the key-persons that use this technology within

Educational Institutions, and how they perceive the

implementation and installation of Projectors within classrooms.

The research is divided into three key areas. First, it

delves into the Perceptions of Educators, analyzing the

benefits, drawbacks, and educators' sentiments toward technology

integration. Next, it investigates the Impact on Teaching

Methods, assessing how projectors may influence interactive

learning, teaching strategies, and the overall learning

experience. The study also addresses Challenges and Barriers,

examining obstacles educators may face with or without

projectors, including technical issues and the adaptation to

this new teaching method. By exploring these dimensions, the

research aims to provide valuable insights into the successful

integration and implications of projector technology in Senior

High School classrooms.

By studying the perceptions of educators of the

installation of Projectors within classrooms from the FSUU

Morelos Campus Senior High School Department, this research

seeks to shed light on the different effects and benefits of

Projectors and Projector Installation towards the quality of

teaching and education. This study will explore the educators'

perspectives on the introduction of projectors in classrooms at

FSUU Morelos Campus Senior High School and will examine whether

this technology is perceived as beneficial or detrimental, the

feasibility of implementation, and its overall impact on

education., the benefits for teaching in general, whether such

technology will enhance or hinder education, the pros and cons

to installing and not installing projectors, the convenience for

educators and if the installation of Projectors will make a

difference overall in education.

1.2 Review of Related Literature and Studies

The study emphasizes the positive impact of using slide

projectors for teaching fundamental science in the Plateau North
Education Zone, highlighting improvements in subject instruction
and student learning. However, challenges such as insufficient
projector availability, unstable power sources, and a lack of
teacher training hinder the realization of these benefits. The
study suggests addressing these issues to enhance the efficacy
of slide projectors in the region's fundamental science
education (Gata, Ajayi, & Soliu 2018).

They found that language teachers in Thailand had good

attitudes about using technology in language instruction. The

teachers highlighted how technology may improve language

instruction by expressing a willingness to learn new

technological skills, keep up with advancements, and implement

them in their classrooms. The survey did find, however, that

some teachers' use of technology was hampered by issues

including slow internet connections and heavy workloads. These

findings highlight how critical it is to remove these barriers

in order to maximize the advantages of technology in language

instruction (Khamprem & Boonmoh, 2019).

The study on projector installation in senior high school

classrooms evaluates instructors' skills, attitudes, and the

degree of multimedia integration. According to the study,

teachers generally had positive attitudes toward the use of

multimedia and moderate levels of integration into their

teaching strategies. Additionally, there was a significant

correlation between the subject matter taught and the teachers'

abilities, with English and Filipino teachers particularly

excelling at using multimedia. In order to maximize the comfort

and effectiveness of learning through projector installations in

senior high school classrooms, the results show the significance

of both teacher preparation and positive attitudes(Sotto, 2020).

The research of projector installation in senior high

school classrooms for the ease and effectiveness of learning

includes the proficiency and training of mathematics teachers in

using Information and Communication Technology (ICT)

instruments. The study emphasizes the value of teachers' ICT

knowledge and comfort, as well as their accessibility to the

tools they need and opportunities for training. The survey also

highlights the use of ICT in a number of teaching-related

activities, including lesson planning, computing results, and

PowerPoint presentations. The difficulties noted, such as the

lack of resources and the requirement for additional training,

highlight the significance of addressing these issues in order

to maximize the advantages of ICT integration in mathematics

teaching for senior high school students (Alcantara et al.,

2020).

The degree of technological integration, resource

availability, and possibilities for staff development are

crucial considerations when deciding whether to install

projectors for better learning in senior high school classrooms.

Technology presence is not enough for effective

integration; it also needs to be used effectively in the

classroom. While difficulties include insufficient resources and

investment, opportunities like professional development and

technical support increase integration. For classroom projector

use to be successful, it is essential to address these factors

(Turugare & Rudhumbu, 2020).

 In the study, they specifically looked into how technology

was used in South African classrooms to teach mathematics. Data

projectors were the most efficiently used device, according to

the survey. To fully utilize the advantages of technology for

transformative mathematics instruction, professional development

programs that promote pedagogical shifts are necessary, as

demonstrated by the fact that a sizable portion of teachers only

used data projectors as a stand-in for traditional tools without

altering their teaching strategies (Graham et al., 2021).

The challenges associated with using projectors in

classrooms are notable. Maintaining an optimal environment,
dealing with high costs for acquiring and maintaining
projectors, and the expected increase in electricity charges are
key concerns. Distractions and the potential for mischief during
projector use, coupled with the need to dim lights, may impact
student focus. Additionally, spatial requirements and the noise
generated by projectors pose logistical issues. Therefore, a
careful evaluation is necessary before widespread projector
adoption in education to address practicality, costs, and
potential disruptions to the learning environment.(Nob, 2022)

Projectors should be used in senior high school classrooms

for improved learning efficiency and convenience, which also

calls for thorough teacher training, digital equipment

accessibility, and ongoing professional development. Like the

TPACK framework, successful technology integration depends on

instructors' ability to link subject-matter expertise,

pedagogical knowledge, and technological competence. To fully

utilize the advantages of projection technology, which will

ultimately increase student engagement and learning results,

issues related to traditional teaching techniques and restricted

access to digital materials must be addressed. To assist

instructors and students in the teaching-learning process,

policymakers should give priority to allocating funds for

educational technology tools in public schools. (Abdullah,

2023).

1.3 Theoretical Framework

According to Davis' (1989) Technology Acceptance Model

(TAM), consumers' acceptance and adoption of technology are

greatly influenced by their perceptions of its perceived utility

and simplicity of use. According to this hypothesis, when it

comes to projector installation, educators are more inclined to

adopt and include projectors into their lesson plans if they

find the technology user-friendly and recognize its useful

advantages in improving student

The framework of Visual Learning, known as "visual learning" By

Rudolf Arhiem includes the process of learning through

experiences and stimuli that are mostly visual in nature. It

entails interpreting data that is shown through diagrams,

movies, pictures, and other visual media. This framework is a

useful teaching tool in many subjects since it makes use of

human perception, processing, and comprehension of visual

material. Layout, color, and typography are examples of visual

design elements that are frequently included in visual learning

to improve the efficiency of information delivery.

Introduced in 1983, Howard Gardner's theory of multiple

intelligences has significant applications in psychology and

education. Gardner distinguishes between a variety of

intelligences, including linguistic, spatial, musical,

bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal,

logical-mathematical, and naturalistic intelligences, in

contrast to conventional theories of a single intelligence. This

inclusive viewpoint promotes a more inclusive atmosphere and

enables customized instructional strategies that take into

account various learning preferences. The notion broadens the

concept of intelligence to include pursuits like music and art

by acknowledging abilities outside of the classroom. Gardner's

paradigm encourages a more nuanced view of talents beyond

standardized testing by supporting tailored assessment

techniques. Gardner's theory, which offers a thorough

explanation of human intelligence and encourages individualized

and inclusive educational techniques, is still relevant today

because of its emphasis on holistic development, cultural

sensitivity, and practical applicability in education worldwide.

1.4 Statement of the Problem

Since the lack of projectors is an ongoing problem, this

research aims to contribute convenience to everyone in the

campus. The objectives of the research are promising, Starting

off by reducing the student’s risk of boredom, enhancing

collaboration and communication among students, increasing

student participation, promoting the effectiveness of

instructing and helping the teacher to communicate ideas

effectively to the students. This study sought to generally

understand or analyze the perceptions of educators regarding the

topic of projectors and projector installation within the

classrooms of Senior High School. Specifically, it sought to

answer the following questions:

1. What are the effects and benefits of projectors when it

comes to teaching?

2. What are the experiences and challenges of senior high

school teachers in using projectors in the classroom?

3. What are alternatives that teachers create when it comes to

classroom discussions in the absence of projectors?

4. How important is it for senior high school teachers to have

projectors installed within the classroom?

1.5 Significance of the Study

The study conducted will be beneficial towards the

following groups:

Senior Highschool Teachers. The given data would shed light to

the perspectives of Educators and the conveniences and

advantages/disadvantages that projectors provide when it comes

to teaching. The data gathered will show how much convenience

Projectors may or may not give them, and how the Installation
of projectors would affect their teaching methods and strategies

in general.

School Administrators. The data will help School Administrators

understand just how important Projectors are towards Educators.

This study may help them consider the installation of Projectors

more, especially since there is no sense of urgency towards the

concept as of right now.

Future Researchers. The results of this study will give

Researchers insight on the effects of the Installation of

Projectors towards teachers and its advantages and

disadvantages. This will provide more knowledge on the topic of

Projectors in general.

As we gather this sort of information, our research may be

able to help other schools when encountered with this same

problem, and may provide insight as to why projectors are better

installed in classrooms and how projectors can benefit student

learning in many different ways. Our Research will focus solely

on finding the cause and effects of this issue through

interviews with educators within Senior High School of FSUU

Morelos Campus. The Researchers will be using the Qualitative

Method for this research and will be providing in-depth

interviews towards the interviewees for more detailed

information and understanding regarding this topic.

1.6 Scope and Delimitations

The study aims to assess the effects and benefits of

providing projectors in education. It focuses on the use of

projectors in Senior High School across various subjects. The

research will examine student behavior, teachers' perceptions of

the installation of projectors, the experiences and challenges

encountered by teachers when using projectors, alternative

teaching methods besides the use of projectors, and the

effectiveness of projectors in enhancing student engagement and

efficiency.

The study would consist of 15 advisers only from the

specialized Senior Highschool of the FSUU Morelos Senior High

School Department. This study will only focus on the use of

projectors and visual presentations by the teachers at FSUU in

the academic years 2023-2024. The study can not further explore
any long-term effects of the use of the projector with its

specific timeframe.

The examination of economic influences on projector

adoption at FSUU, encompassing funding variations, will be a

part of this study but won't take center stage. Furthermore, the

study will not extensively explore the specific design or

adaptation of the curriculum to integrate projector technology.

This study will specifically examine the use of projectors

and associated software, but it will not delve into other

educational technology tools or devices. This study will not

provide an in-depth analysis of teacher training programs

related to the use of the projector. This study will also assume

that language proficiency is not a significant barrier to using

projectors effectively.

The study specifically examines the teachers at FSUU. The

findings from this research may not be universally applicable to

teachers at other educational institutions with different

circumstances. The research will focus on the disparities in the

availability and utilization of projectors among teachers at

FSUU. Other categories unrelated to these factors will not be

further investigated. The study will solely emphasize the

advantages of integrating projectors into education, without

delving into the potential drawbacks of using projectors in

school settings. It's important to note that the study is

confined to senior high school teachers and its findings may not

be generalizable to teachers at other grade levels at FSUU.

1.7 Definition of Terms

The words and phrases that will be used in this

investigation are operationally defined for clear and better

understanding of the study.

Educators. Advisors and Subject Teachers that educate students

of the FSUU Morelos Campus Senior High School that will be the

respondents of the study.

Projectors. A medium or tool used by Educators to teach lessons

and create presentations for students.

Senior High School. The level of education that is considered

advanced and difficult based on the subjects/specialized

subjects taught to graduating students.

Visual Learning. A type of learning style that uses tools or

visual aid such as Projectors to make the educational experience

more interactive and engaging.

CHAPTER 2: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

2.1 Research Design

For this study, the researchers will be using the

Qualitative Method of Research Phenomenology to further

understand the perceptions of Educators/Teachers and to inquire

about their experiences and perceptions towards the

installations of Projectors within classrooms and the benefits

of implementing technology in Educational Environments. This

study will be conducted on Senior High School Teachers of the

Senior High School Department of FSUU Morelos Campus, as

subjects within these year levels are advanced and complex that

require a lot of focus and in-depth understanding. With such

difficult subjects, teaching strategies are very vital for

student learning, hence this study will shed light on the

different factors that affect teaching strategies, and the

overall convenience of the installation of Projectors in an

Educational Environment. The Study will be investigating and

understanding how Educators/Teachers feel about Projectors in

general, their experiences in the absence of Projectors, their

experiences in an Learning environment with the use of

Projectors, and how they would perceive the installation of

Projectors within their classrooms.

2.2 Sample and Sampling Techniques

Purposive sampling is a methodical and purposeful strategy

to research participant selection, in which investigators

specifically pick individuals or groups according to

predetermined criteria pertinent to their investigation. The

method's capacity to offer a concentrated and targeted

representation of the population being studied justifies its

usage. Without the limitations of random selection, researchers

may more effectively collect pertinent data by focusing on

people who possess certain traits, backgrounds, or areas of

expertise. This method works especially well for researching

specialist populations, niche subjects, or occurrences that need

in-depth investigation. Purposive sampling also makes it easier

to include people who could be difficult to reach using random

techniques, including members of unusual populations or those

with certain characteristics. Additionally, ethical issues come

into play, enabling researchers to tackle delicate subjects. or

susceptible groups with consideration. Although purposive

sampling has these benefits, researchers should be aware of its

limits with regard to generalizability and make sure that their

selection procedures are transparent. They should also make sure

that the approach is in line with the particular objectives and

study setting.

2.3 Research Locale

The study will be conducted at Father saturnino Urios

university(morelos campus), A prestigious school in Butuan that

served the city by educating the children of yesterday and

today. The school also comprises senior high school as well,

offering students to choose whether they go for ABM,STEM, and

HUMSS. As students will choose the right strands for their

desired future occupation.

The school is also located at Libertad (8°57'06.1"N

125°30'08.0"E) since there are two Urios campuses here in Butuan

city. FSUU Morelos Campus was chosen for the Research Local as

it is the school the researchers currently reside in, and the

topic is very relevant with the ongoing issue of projector

distribution within the campus. FSUU Morelos Campus fits the

characteristics/criteria for the target participants of this

research.

2.4 Research Instruments

The research will be conducting semi-structured interviews

with a sample of fifteen teachers from the Senior High School

FSUU Morelos Campus. The interviewees will be asked atleast five

open-ended questions about the teachers' usage of projectors in

their classrooms. The topics will include the effects and

benefits of projectors in teaching, their experiences with

issues related to using projectors, positive feedback on using

projectors, alternative methods of learning from the absence of

projectors, and their perspective on the importance of having

projectors in the classroom. The researchers will use an audio

recording device to capture data from the interviews.

The reason behind using semi-structured interviews in the

study was to obtain qualitative data by exploring the

interviewees' perspectives and experiences in more depth.

Semi-structured interviews provided an opportunity to delve into

the effects of installing projectors in FSUU, how they

functioned effectively in teaching methods, and to explore other

characteristics of the topics that are applicable to the study.

This approach allowed the researchers to gain a comprehensive

understanding of the impact of projectors on education in FSUU.

2.5 Data Gathering Procedure

The research team prepared a detailed plan for data

collection on FSUU Morelos Campus. Fifteen senior high school

teachers were identified - twelve advisory teachers and three

subject teachers - as potential participants for the research.

Personal invitations were extended to each teacher, explaining

the research purpose and inviting them to take part in the

interview. Prior to their decision to participate or decline,

all potential participants received a comprehensive letter

detailing the specifics of the research and interview process.

Interviews were conducted using a voice recorder, allowing

for seamless capture and transcription of participants'

responses. Participants were given the autonomy to choose their

preferred interview location within the school grounds, ensuring

their comfort and creating an atmosphere conducive to open and

candid discussions. The interview format was semi-structured,

presenting a series of questions designed akin to an interview

schedule. However, the sequence was flexible, allowing for

adaptability based on the conversation flow. The interviewer

exercised some autonomy to delve deeper into significant

responses, fostering rapport and empathy between the researcher

and the participants. This approach aimed to create a

comfortable environment for sharing insights.

2.6 Ethical Consideration

The study will be complying with the following ethical

terms:

Voluntary Participation. The participants are free to choose to

participate without any pressure or coercion. All participants

are able to withdraw from, or leave, the study at any point

without feeling an obligation to continue.

Informed Consent. Participants will receive and understand all

the information they need to decide whether they want to

participate. This includes information about the study’s

benefits, risks, funding, and institutional approval.

Anonymity and Confidentiality. All participants have a right to

privacy. Any identifying information about the participants will

be removed from the research findings.

Potential for harm. The researchers will be considering all

aspects of the Research that may harm the participants, such as:

Psychological harm, social harm, physical harm, and legal harm.

Results Communication. The data gathered from this study will be

honest, reliable, and credible. The study will guarantee that

information is not forged and plagiarized, and in the case of

breaching this statement, the research and all of its progress

will be canceled and dismissed.

According to the Republic Act No. 10173, otherwise known as the

Data Privacy Act, a law that seeks to protect all forms of

information, be it private, personal, or sensitive, The

researchers will not force the participants to be interviewed

and will also make sure that the respondent's personal

information will be kept confidential. The data gathered from

this Research will be strictly confidential and anonymous, and

will not be disclosed to the public with respect to the

Participants’ privacy.
CHAPTER 3: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Problem 1:
What are the effects and benefits of projectors when it comes to
teaching?

Table 1: Perceptions of Senior High School Teachers on the

Effects and Benefits of Projectors.

Questions Answers Respondents Common Themes

“I always ● Advantag
“As a teacher, incorporate eous for
how did you Technology into teaching
integrate my teaching ● Interact
projectors into since it’s ive
your teaching already the 21st classroo
methods, and in century. Knowing m
what ways do my students are discussi
they enhance or highly ons
complement your audio-visual and
teaching want to see Teacher-A
strategies/appro something, it’s
aches?” really important
and helpful that
Projectors are
there to provide
for such needs
especially in a
subject that
 focuses on
language and
vocabulary.”

“When it comes
to my lesson, I
use projectors
in a way that Teacher-B
helps students
see the material
that they are
learning. Such
as videos or
pictures. It is
very important
that I am able
to articulate
the explanations
through videos
or pictures so
students are
able to easily
understand the
lesson.”

“I make good use

of it to present
my lessons, my
ideas, my
slides, as well
as to show my
multimedia
presentations.
This means I am
able to show
pictures, show Teacher-C
videos, and play
music. Through
these uses, I am
able to
reinforce my
teaching
approaches
towards the
students
further.”

“In a sense, I
am able to
present my ideas
and lessons
through pictures
and videos or Teacher-D
sounds, which is
really helpful
as students
nowadays are
more entertained
 by technology.”

“Yes. Students
“Was there a are highly
significant audio-visual,
benefit of the use of
projectors when Projectors makes
it comes to it so that it is Teacher-A
teaching in the much easier and
educational convenient to
environment?” capture the
students’
attention and
for them to
listen towards
the lesson in
earnest.”

“Yes, because
when it comes to
teaching,
students are
more interested
and more
attentive if
they are able to
see visual
images such as Teacher-B
pictures or
 videos in a
lesson. Their
understanding
would increase
and it would be
easier to
capture their
attention since
students
nowadays are
more interested
in lessons with
technology
incorporated in
them.”

“One of the
advantages when
it comes to
projectors is
that it makes
teaching more
convenient
instead of
having to write Teacher-C
on the board to
start my lesson.
It is also
convenient in a
sense that I can
use pictures,
videos, and
audios to start
my lesson which
makes the class
more interactive
and
technology-based
instead of a dry
and boring one.”

“Yes. As we all
know, students
of this
generation were
born in the
digital age so
they find visual
aid more
pleasing and see
complex lessons
to be much more Teacher-D
understandable,
especially since
they are more
interested in
technology and
tools that help
 them see and
hear their
lessons.”

The study's objective is to delve into the experiences of

senior high school teachers in using projectors as their
teaching tool/method. Analysis of the collected data reveals
that the senior high school teachers have a positive attitude
towards using projectors as a teaching tool/method. Their
narratives highlight two key themes: (1) advantageous for
teaching and (2)Interactive class discussion. In essence, the
senior high school teachers perceive the installation of
projectors inside the classroom positively in terms of teaching.

Advantageous for Teaching

The theme, advantageous for teaching, emerges as a

prominent aspect in the experiences of the Senior High School
Teachers of FSUU Morelos Campus, as revealed through the
collected data. The teachers emphasized the importance of the
role that Projectors play when it comes to making teaching much
more convenient and also making lessons more acceptable in terms
of learning material. As based on the narratives of one of the
Teachers:

“One of the main reasons or best advantages in the use of

projectors when it comes to teaching, noh. Is that it makes
teaching more convenient in a sense na instead of writing on the
board.”
 {One of the main reasons or best advantages in the use of
projectors when it comes to teaching is that it makes teaching
more convenient, in a sense, that we don’t have to write on the
board to start the lesson.)

Interactive Class Discussions

In the digital age, more and more students are much more
inclined to pay attention to class discussions when there is
technology involved. As such, lessons are guaranteed to become
more successful everytime teachers use projectors, compared to
lessons conducted in a traditional way. As based on the
narratives of some of the Teachers:

“I always use projector considering that of course it's

21st century already and we always incorporate technology,
digital technology in our class um knowing our students are
highly audio visual so they want to see something, they want to
hear something permi ana.”

(I always use Projectors considering that of course, it’s

the 21st century already, and we must always incorporate
technology- digital technology in our class knowing our students
are highly audio visual. So they always want to see something
and they want to hear something.)

“When it comes to visual mas mainganyo man gud ang mga

students kung naa silay makita nga explanation like videos or
pictures, mas mutaas ang ilang understanding and naay 90% ang
ilang kanang way of participating the class because of the
visual or like the mga videos ng teachers kay mas maka interact
sila kay most of the time sa atoa or sa mga students nowadays
inganyo sila kung naa gyuy makita.”

(Students are more pleased when they are able to see

something like visual explanations- like videos or pictures.
Their understanding increases and they participate more in class
because of these. The videos and pictures that teachers hand out
makes them more interactive since students nowadays are more
pleased to see something.)

The teachers emphasized that learning is much more

convenient and interactive whenever Projectors are present in
class. Students participate more, and teaching lessons become
more efficient and advantageous for the teachers, which goes to
show how important the use of Projectors are in education.

Problem 2:
What are the experiences and challenges of senior high school
teachers in using projectors in the classroom?

Table 2: Experiences of Senior High School teachers in using

Projectors within Classrooms.

Questions Answers Respondents Themes

“Supposedly it is
“Did the use convenient ● Convenien
of Projectors because the aids t for
 make the are easy to Teaching
quality of project, no? It’s ● Issues
teaching as a colorful, helpful despite
teacher more and it’s an the
convenient or attention-grabber convenien
has it become for students. It Teacher-A ce
a hindrance?” also helps set
the mood for the
lesson as
students would
immediately
understand that
there are classes
whenever they see
a projector being
set-up in front
of them. However,
of course, there
are issues.”

“As much as how

useful projectors
are in my
teaching
strategies and
approaches, there Teacher-B
are of course a
lot of issues
with the
projector itself.

“Of course,
Projectors are
super useful when
it comes to
teaching and
creating an
interactive
environment.
However, there
are problems that
I as a teacher Teacher-C
encounter when it
comes to
Projectors, and
I’m sure other
teachers
experience it
too.”

“It’s actually
convenient in a
sense that the
preparations that
you do, like your
presentations-
you are able to
re-use them in
 other classes.
There is no need
to write on the
board to start
the lesson which
really saves time Teacher-D
and it’s
convenient that
all I have to do
is project my
lessons through a
screen instead of
writing and
erasing then
writing and
erasing again and
again.”

The study's objective is to delve into the experiences of

senior high school teachers in using projectors as their
teaching tool/method. Analysis of the collected data reveals
that the senior high school teachers have a positive and
negative impact towards the use of projectors in teaching. Their
narratives highlight two key themes: (1) convenient for teaching
and (2)issues despite the convenience. In essence, the senior
high school teachers, despite the convenience, have encountered
issues in teaching with the use of projectors.
Convenient for Teaching

In the digital age, more and more people use technologies.

When it comes to teaching it is convenient to have as it is easy
and makes the students more active in class. As based on the
narratives of some teachers;

“Actually convenient, supposedly it it it should make

teaching convenient um Kay the aids are easy to project noh um
it's colorful, its attention gather sa mga students”

(Actually convenient, supposedly it should make teaching

convenient because the aids are easy to project and it's
colorful, its attention gather to the students.)

“Actually convenient, yes. It makes teaching more

convenient.’

(Actually convenient, yes. It makes teaching more

convenient.)

In conclusion, in the digital age, the use of technology,

particularly projectors, is seen as highly convenient for
teaching. Teachers find it easy to use, and the visual aids are
effective in making classes more engaging and vibrant. Overall,
projectors contribute to a convenient and effective teaching
experience in the modern classroom
Issues despite the convenience

Although projectors are convenient in teaching there are

some issues that are hard to avoid in certain conditions. As
based on the narratives of the teachers;

“Actually convenient, supposedly it should make teaching

convenient um Kay the aids are easy to project noh um it's
colorful, its attention gather sa mga students, however at some
point it can also be a hassle.”

(Actually it’s convenient, supposedly it should make

teaching convenient because the materials are easy to project-
it’s colorful and attention-grabbing for students, however, at
some point it can also be a hassle)

The theme highlights how despite all the advantages it

brings to classroom discussions, it often negatively affects the
daily life of Teachers. This theme will then be explained in
much more detail on Table 3: Challenges of Senior High School
teachers in using Projectors within Classrooms.

Table 3: Challenges of Senior High School teachers in using

Projectors within Classrooms.

Challenges Themes

● Setting-up issues
Time Consuming ● Sometimes teachers find
 setting-up a projector to
be time-consuming and a
waste of time.

● Most teachers teach

Negative effect on the
teachers’ Physical Health
● Most teachers experience
classrooms from other
buildings, so in most
cases, they find
Projectors to be very
heavy to carry, especially
along with their other
belongings. (DISTANCE).
back pain and stress due
to carrying a Projector
from building to building
for a long time.

● Teachers have issues with

setting up the projectors,
with the HDMI or wiring
being very sensitive or
HDMI or Wiring issues not compatible with the
laptop itself.
● Overheating of projectors
that often lead to some
presentations abruptly
stopping on its own.
 ● Sometimes Teachers are
unable to book projectors
Limited Projectors because of the limited
amount that the school
provides.

The study's objective is to identify and understand the

challenges faced by the senior high school teachers in using
projectors as their teaching tool/method. Their narratives
highlight four key themes: (1) time consuming, (2) negative
effect on the teachers’ physical health (3) HDMI or wiring
issues (4) limited projectors. In essence, the senior high
school teachers faced various issues regarding the use of
projectors.

Time Consuming

One of the challenges faced by the senior high school

teachers is that setting up a projector is time consuming. This
leads to the time being delayed in the teaching hours. As based
from the narratives some of the teachers;

“sometimes it's time consuming like we have to set up so

diba so there are no projectors inside the classroom so we have
to bring it with us we have to book ana and all and then once
you to start already the class we don't start right on time so
we have to set it up”
 (sometimes it's time consuming as there are no projectors
in the classroom so we have to bring the projectors with us
along with our things and we don't start right on time because
we have to set it up)

In conclusion, senior high school teachers face the challenge of

time-consuming projector setups, leading to delays in the start
of teaching hours. The process of bringing and setting up
projectors, along with necessary arrangements, results in
classes not starting promptly as teachers need time for
preparation.

Negative effect on the Teachers’ Physical Health

Another challenge faced by the senior high school teachers

is the negative effect on the teachers’ physical health. They
mentioned that bringing a projector with you everyday causes
back pain. As based on the narratives of some of the teachers;

“it really causes pain at the back to be honest, I had, I

once already suffering from pain sa likod ahh most likely
because I'm always carrying projector.”

(It really causes pain at the back to be honest, I was once

already suffering pain from my back most likely because I'm
always carrying a projector.)

“I go here inside the classroom St. Timothy which is third

floor, then my next class is third floor in the next building,
which is high school grade 8. Then I go down grade school, grade
5. Then I go back to third floor, St. Andrew, which is also
senior high. So as I keep on traveling, sometimes I think na I
may not I may no longer be an effective teacher because when I
get inside the classroom I’m already tired because I keep on
bringing the projector all along with my speakers and my laptop
and my things.”

(I go here inside the classroom of St. Timothy, which is on

the third floor, then my next class is on the third floor in the
next building, which is high school grade 8. Then I went to
grade school, grade 5. Then I go back to the third floor, St.
Andrew, who is also senior high. So as I keep on traveling,
sometimes I think na I may not I may no longer be an effective
teacher because when I get inside the classroom I’m already
tired because I keep on bringing the projector all along with my
speakers and my laptop and my things.)

“Mo saka kag hagdanan and the health of the teachers and
physically, kailangan ug energy sa teacher mo tudlo, and if wala
na ang energy sa teacher mo tudlo and that would affect the
teaching sa classroom.”

(when taking the stairs and the health of the teachers and
physically, the teacher needs energy to teach, and if the
teacher has no energy to teach, that would affect the teaching
in the classroom.)
 In conclusion, carrying projectors daily takes a toll on
senior high school teachers' physical health, causing back pain
and fatigue. The challenges of navigating between classrooms,
especially in multi-story buildings, affect teachers' energy
levels and may impact their effectiveness in the teaching
process.

HDMI or Wiring issues

Another challenge faced by the senior high school teachers

are the issues of the hdmi or the wiring. They mentioned that
the hdmi sometimes will not work. As based on the narratives of
some of the teachers;

“during one of my class sa grade 11 dili mugana ang hdmi

and sometimes mga ingun ana and dili pud sometimes ang computer
or ang laptop di siya compatible sa projectors so kana usual
thing gyud na sha mahitabo sa mga technicalities”

(during one of my classes in grade 11 the hdmi does not

work and sometimes my laptop is not compatible with the
projector)

In conclusion, senior high school teachers encounter

challenges with HDMI or wiring issues, experiencing situations
where HDMI malfunctions or faces compatibility problems with
laptops and projectors. These technicalities pose common hurdles
in
Limited Projectors

The school has limited projectors that not everyone can

access the projector anytime and has to book on a specific time
to get an access. As based on the narratives of some of the
teachers;

“sometimes projectors are limited and if you don't book as

early as possible then you may then um not able to use it”

(sometimes projectors are limited and if you don't book as

early as possible then you may not be able to use it)

In summary, the challenge of limited projectors in the

school requires teachers to book early for access. Failure to
secure timely bookings may result in teachers being unable to
use projectors, impacting the teaching process.

What are alternatives that teachers create when it comes to

classroom discussions in the absence of projectors?

Table 4: Alternatives teachers create in the absence of

Projectors.

Alternatives Themes

● Teachers often use Printed

Printed Handouts/Graphic handouts as an alternative
Organizers to projectors if they fail
 to book one, which may end
up with them having to use
some of their money.
● The most commonly used
alternative that teachers
use in the absence of
Projectors, creating
Graphic Organizers for
students to download as a
learning material, however
some students are unable
to download such handouts
since most students don’t
have access to the
internet.

● The least common

alternative and the most
Textbooks traditional one that
teachers use in the
absence of projectors.

● If handouts are not

available, teachers often
Writing on the Board write on the board which
is time-consuming and also
inefficient.

● Most productive
Classroom Activities alternative.
 ● Teachers use this
alternative in the absence
of projectors so that
students are still able to
learn while at the same
time being entertained.

The study's objective is to identify the alternative

teaching methods used by the senior high school teachers instead
of using projectors as their teaching tool/method. Their
narratives highlight four key themes: (1) printed
handouts/graphic organizers, (2) textbooks (3) writing on the
board (4) classroom activities.

Printed Handouts/Graphic Organizers

This is one of the alternatives teachers use in the absense

of a projector. Printing handouts is one way to give to the
student as a guide for learning. As based on the narratives of
the teachers;

“as a language teacher one of the techniques gud namo to

have active learning for students is to really have printed or
if not printed at least they can copy something, graphic
organizers. Students have to read something”

(As a language teacher one of the techniques to have active

learning for students is to really have printed, or if not
printed, at least they can copy something, graphic organizers.
Students have to read something)
 “ang strategies nako usually mag andam ko og kanang mga
like visual gihapon sha but using cartolina using kanang mga
printing gihapon sha nga pamaagi so at least man lang pang
report sa akoang computer ma adapt nako or ma print nako or
mabutang nako sa cartolina or something nga makita gihapon sa
mga students”

(my strategies are usually, i print the lesson from my

laptop and put it in the cartolina so that students get to at
least see something on the board.)

In conclusion, when projectors are unavailable, teachers

resort to printing handouts as an effective alternative for
active learning. This method, including the use of visual aids
like graphic organizers on printed materials or cartolina,
allows teachers to facilitate lessons and ensure that students
have valuable guides for their learning process.

Textbooks

One of the alternatives instead of projectors are

textbooks. Students use textbooks even today as a guide to
learning. As based on the narratives of the teachers;

“we have textbooks naman, we have neo”

(we have textbooks and we have neo lms)

 In conclusion, textbooks remain a reliable alternative to
projectors for student learning. Teachers acknowledge the
continued significance of textbooks, along with technological
tools like neo lms, as essential guides in the teaching and
learning process.

Writing on the Board

Writing on the Board is a traditional way of teaching and

is also the most common alternative among teachers. As based on
the narratives of some of the teachers;

“Of course no, there’s a lot of problems jud when it comes

to the Projectors as a tool that we carry around all day and naa
pud na ang lack of distribution. The least that we can do is, to
make good use of the whiteboard or the chalkboard or we provide
activities and give handouts to the students.”

(Of course no, there’s a lot of problems when it comes to

Projectors as a tool that we carry around all day and the lack
of distribution for it. The least we can do is to make good use
of the Whiteboard or the Chalkboard)

Teachers are inclined to write on the Whiteboards or

Chalkboards within their classrooms whenever Projectors are
absent.

In conclusion, when faced with challenges or the

unavailability of projectors, teachers resort to the traditional
method of writing on whiteboards or chalkboards. This approach
is considered a practical and effective alternative, allowing
teachers to continue their teaching despite limitations with
projector usage.

Classroom Activities

Other methods of teaching are classroom activities.

Students engage in activities as it has points and it is also a
fun way of learning. As based on the narratives of the teachers;

“Activities more on activities or yeah. Just classroom

activities that does not use projectors at all.”

(Activities, more on activities. Just classroom activities

that do not use projectors at all.)

In conclusion, teachers emphasize the importance of

classroom activities as an alternative teaching method that
doesn't rely on projectors. These activities are seen as
effective, engaging, and a fun way for students to learn.
Problem 4:
How important is it for senior high school teachers to have
projectors installed within the classroom?

Table 5: Importance of having projectors installed within

classrooms.

Questions Answers Respondents Themes

“Like I said
“How would you earlier, the ● Smooth
describe the installation of and
overall impact Projectors within Efficient
of having classrooms is not Classes
projectors only important, ● Necessary
installed in it is not only for
senior high advantageous, it Teaching
school is NECESSARY. It
classrooms on HAS to be in the
the quality of classroom. Other
teaching and than solving the
learning many problems we
experiences teachers
and why should encounter when it
we ever comes to
install them?” Projectors, other
schools already
have way more
advanced Teacher-A
 technology for
their teaching
approaches and
even
touch-screens for
them to use. As a
school, I feel as
if we are a
little behind
when it comes to
those factors.
Certainly, if we
ever install
Projectors in the
classrooms, the
quality of
teaching and
learning will
significantly
improve.”

“Of course, the

entire lesson
would be very
smooth,
especially since
we are always
being encouraged
to integrate
 technology into
our teaching
methods. If ever
we installed
Projectors within
classrooms, there Teacher-B
would be no need
to write on
Whiteboards to
start a lesson.
Not only will it
be very very
helpful to us
teachers, it
would also be
helpful for the
students
especially when
it comes to
reportings or
presentations.”

“If Projectors
were readily made
available in all
classrooms, it
would help with
efficacy and
efficiency. In
 this way, time
would not be
wasted on having
to set-up
projectors as all
we have to do is
plug-in our
laptops and start Teacher-C
the lesson. Time
is very important
in teaching, it’s
a non-renewable
source. Today’s 5
minutes would be
very different
from tomorrow’s 5
minutes, and so
Projectors being
installed in
classrooms would
definitely save
time. If ever we
were to install
them, teaching
and learning
would definitely
be maximized to
their full
potential and
 most of the
challenges that
we face would be
solved if we ever
mounted
projectors, so
that’s why we
must look for
ways to put that
inside the
classroom to help
us teachers and
also the
students.”

“Actually, the
quality of
teaching is that
it saves time.
Having to set the
projector from
time to time
every time you
enter the
classroom Teacher-D
actually takes
five to ten
minutes of your
time and it
 affects your
class and lesson
as a whole, and
if there are
technical
difficulties that
will take even
more time and
that affects your
lesson because it
takes a lot of
your time for
your class
discussion So
again the
efficiency of the
lesson would be
decreased. So of
course, it’s
really needed in
a way to help us
teachers. Going
up the stairs
back and forth
from classroom to
classroom
carrying
projectors
affects the
 health of the
teachers
physically, we
still need our
energy to teach
our class, and if
we don’t have
enough energy to
teach anymore it
would really
affect the
learning
environment.”

The study's objective is to understand and analyze the

impact projectors bring by the senior high school teachers
projectors to their teaching. Their narratives highlight two key
themes: (1) smooth class, (2) necessary for teaching.

Smooth Classes

With the use of projectors the senior high school teacher

can have his/her class conveniently. As based on the narratives
of the teachers;

“smooth gyud ang dagan or convenient gyud ang unsa ni ang

amoang teaching no kay kami sa faculty kami mga teachers gina
encourage gyud mi to use og mga projector kay mao gyug kanang
way of kanang mas maka adapt ang student when it comes to kay sa
una traditional very traditional man sa una no kay magsulat sa
whiteboard so no need na for us nga magsulat sa whiteboard nga
naa namay projector”

(the flow of the teaching is smooth and convenient, we the

teachers, we encourage the use of projector because that one way
of making students adapt. The teaching in the past was very
traditional, we wrote on the whiteboard but now there is no need
for us to write because we have a projector.)

In short, senior high school teachers appreciate using

projectors for a smoother and more convenient teaching
experience. The shift from traditional whiteboard writing to
projectors has made learning more adaptable and engaging for
students. Projectors have become a valuable tool, enhancing the
overall teaching environment.

Necessary for Teaching

In the digital age, projectors have become a necessity in

teaching as it will make the teachers have their convenience to
teach. As based on the narratives of the teachers;

“It's not only important, it's not only advantageous but

it's necessary jud it's necessary it's not only something like
it's a it will only just improve, no, it has to really be in the
classroom, it has to be installed in the classroom, that's what
I, that my take hah as a teacher kung baga ulahi na kaayo ta.
Ang ubang classrooms naa nay mga touch screen na mga projectors
we can put annotation on it pero expensive mana kaayo pero the
least that we can really have, to really be um unsa na? To
really be up par to other institutions in terms of the use of
technology is really having projectors, at least projectors, if
not, television in the classroom.”

(it's not only important, it's not only advantageous but

it's necessary, it's not only something to just improve, it has
to really be in the classroom, it has to be installed in the
classroom, that’s my take as a teacher, it's like we're far
behind. Other classrooms have touch screen projectors, we can
put annotations on it, it's really expensive, but at least we
can really have, to be up par to other institutions in terms of
the use of technology is really having projectors, at least
projectors, if not, television in the classroom.)

In conclusion, in the digital age, projectors are not just

advantageous but necessary for effective teaching. According to
teachers, having projectors in the classroom is essential to
keep up with technological advancements. While some classrooms
boast expensive touch screen projectors, the basic need is to at
least have projectors, if not televisions, to ensure classrooms
are on par with modern teaching tools and technology.
CHAPTER 4: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Summary of Findings

The current study investigated the effects and benefits of

Projectors towards Senior high School Teachers. It highlights
the experiences and challenges that Senior High School Teachers
faced with Projectors, and the alternatives that they have come
up with in situations where they have troubles with the
Projector itself. Lastly, the study sheds light on the Teachers’
perceptions on Projector Installation, and how it will affect
the overall learning environment within the classroom. The
current study presents the following findings:

The perceptions of Teachers regarding Projectors

Teachers found Projectors to be very useful and convenient

for the learning environment. They explained how it has
certainly made discussions more advantageous compared to that of
traditional teaching methods, emphasizing how we are now in the
digital age and must adapt to newer teaching methods.

The Challenges Teachers face in the presence of Projectors

However, regardless of the advantages that Projectors have

brought for Teachers, it has also become a hindrance in their
lives. One being it often takes too much time to set up,
especially when there are HDMI or wiring issues, taking up the
time of the teacher. Another issue they have faced is how it
affects their Physical health directly- Projectors are very
heavy objects for Teachers to carry around in school, and thus
brings inconvenience for their lives. More was mentioned in the
study, however, this gives more reason as to why Teachers truly
find the installation of Projectors within classrooms to be
necessary.

The Alternatives Teachers face in the absence of Projectors

Teachers developed different strategies in situations where

Projectors were absent. They stated that Classroom Discussions
are still possible without the use of Projectors, though less
efficient, but can still be utilized to create a good learning
environment for the students. Alternatives such as (1) Printed
Handouts/Graphic Organizers, (2) Textbooks, (3) Writing on the
Board, and (4) Classroom Activities.

The perceptions of Teachers about Projector Installation

The current study investigated the perceptions of teachers

when it comes to Projector Installation. They explained how
important it is for Education, with one teacher emphasizing that
it is very necessary to increase the quality of Teaching. They
stated that it will make class discussions run smoother,
maximize the full potential for learning, and Most of the
teachers have stated that the use of projectors in the classroom
are convenient, helpful, and useful. Though the teachers have
also mentioned downsides like technical issues, undesired
consumption of time due to setting up the projector, negative
effect on the teacher’s physical health, HDMI or wiring issues
and lastly, the limited number of projectors in the campus.The
teachers also have alternatives as the teachers always come
prepared for the fellow students. The following alternatives
that were used are printed handouts/graphic organizers that are
ready to be answered, textbooks which feel old to students,
activities which are productive and entertaining, and the
traditional teaching method which is writing on the board.

Conclusion

The study's findings led to the following conclusions:

1. The majority of instructors consider projectors to be very

useful and practical (1) in the classroom. They draw
attention to the important benefits of this approach over
more (2) conventional ones, such better conversations. The
necessity of adjusting to more (3) modern teaching
techniques in the digital age emphasizes how crucial it is
to include technology, such as projectors, to improve the
quality of (4) education as a whole. As more and more
instructors use these technologies, it is imperative to
offer the assistance and materials required for their
successful application in order to facilitate a smooth
shift to a more (5) contemporary and dynamic teaching
style.

2. Most of the teachers have stated that the use of projectors

in the classroom are convenient, helpful, and useful.
Though the teachers have also mentioned downsides like
 technical issues, undesired consumption of time due to
setting up the projector, negative effect on the teacher’s
physical health, HDMI or wiring issues and lastly, the
limited number of projectors in the campus.

3. The teachers also have alternatives as the teachers always

come prepared for the fellow students. The following
alternatives that were used are printed handouts/graphic
organizers that are ready to be answered, textbooks which
feel old to students, activities which are productive and
entertaining, and the traditional teaching method which is
writing on the board.

4. In conclusion, a generally positive view on the use of

projectors in education was indicated by the study on
teachers impressions of projector installation. Teachers
are stressed how crucial it is to set (1) up projectors in
order to improve instruction, facilitate more seamless
class discussions, and maximize learning opportunities.
Projectors were seen by many educators as practical,
beneficial, and helpful (2) in the classroom. The study
did, however, also draw attention to a few difficulties
with projector use. Teachers listed a variety of problems,
including technical difficulties, lengthy setup procedures,
possible harmful impacts on their physical health, HDMI or
wiring issues, and a shortage (3) of projectors on campus.
Teachers showed creativity in the face of these obstacles
by using (4) alternate teaching strategies such as
textbooks, printed handouts and graphic organizers,
 engaging and productive activities, and conventional board
writing.

Given these results, educational facilities must address the

issues raised and offer the assistance required for (5)
projector installation to be successful. This can entail more
projector availability on campus, expedited setup procedures,
and technical assistance. Furthermore, a learning environment
that is more adaptive and flexible may be achieved by
acknowledging and promoting the (6) use of different teaching
techniques. In the end, a well-rounded strategy that enhances
the advantages of projection technology with the adaptability of
conventional teaching techniques may maximize the learning and
teaching process in classrooms.

Recommendations
The study’s conclusion leads to the following
recommendations. Future Research must delve into more specific
areas that the study did not cover. This may entail to more
specific and situational experiences of Teachers, or how it
affects them in their personal life. The study can be taken to a
bigger scale, creating partnerships with schools with similar
situations or a lack of facilities such as this one, especially
since there are numerous schools in the Philippines that lack
such Facilities.

It is also recommended for Future Research to conduct a

study such as this one but on students. Students may be
interviewed based on their Perception on Projector Installation
and how it affects their learning progress, since this study
conducts interviews on Teachers and is relevant to student life.

Finally, since there is a lack of research regarding

Projector Installation, especially in the Philippines, exploring
more aspects about this topic could pave the way for future
generations of Teachers and Students in the Philippines, knowing
that there are numerous schools with the same situation as the
school that this study was conducted on. This study seeks to
shed light on the importance of Projector Installation within
schools and how it affects the quality of teaching for teachers.
Contributing more to this research will be truly helpful for
future generations of Teachers and pave the way for advanced
adaptation of Technology in Education.
 Appendices

Letter of Permission and Approval

December 7, 2023

DONNA F. ESPUERTA, LPT, MAELT

Principal, Basic Education
Father Saturnino Urios University
Ambangan, Ambago, Butuan City

Dear Mrs. Donna,

Greetings!

We are a group of seven (7) researchers from Grade 12 St. Timothy, FSUU Morelos
Campus requesting your permission to allow us to conduct an interview for our
research: “Effects and Benefits of Projector Installation in Classrooms:
Experiences and Challenges of Senior High School Teachers in Morelos Campus” in
partial fulfillment of our Practical Research 1 Course Requirements for the 1st
Semester.

This study aims to investigate the perceptions of Senior High School Teachers
of FSUU Morelos Campus towards the use of Projectors and its effects and
benefits for the learning environment. This includes the teaching strategies
and methods that teachers may/may not use when it comes to discussions, the
challenges teachers face on the presence and absence of projectors, and how the
installation of Projectors would be important for Senior High School teachers.
The following questions are the focus of this study:
 1. What are the effects and benefits of projectors when it comes to
teaching?
2. What are the experiences and challenges of senior high school
teachers in using projectors in the classroom?
3. What are alternatives that teachers create when it comes to classroom
discussions in the absence of projectors?
4. How important is it for senior high school teachers to have
projectors installed within the classroom?

In line with our commitment to ethical research practices, we assure you that
the researchers will prioritize the safety of the participants’ and their
identities, ensuring that the data/information gathered from this study will
solely be used for academic purposes. We recognize the importance of obtaining
your permission to conduct this data collection within the school and kindly
request for your approval of this study.

Your approval of this activity would be greatly appreciated. Please feel free
to contact us through the email: franzine.espanto@urios.edu.ph or the no.
0981-540-9874 should you wish to discuss this further or have any inquiries. We
will forever be grateful for your support and positive response.

Thank you and best regards.

Sincerely,

FRANZCINE N. ESPANTO
Research Group Leader

Noted By: Approved By:

MS. ELLAINE MAE T. CARBON DONNA F. ESPUERTA, MAELT

Practical Research Adviser School Principal

Interview Manuscript

Introduction
Good Morning/Good Afternoon ___________. My name is ____________, and
I will be your interviewer for today. This is ___________, he/she
will be my assistant interviewer and will also be handling the
note-taking/recording for our interview today.

The interview will take approximately 10-15 minutes to complete and

will be recorded. Please provide accurate information, and rest
assured that the findings of this interview will remain anonymous and
confidential.

Before we begin, I would like to go over the process. First we will

ask you a few general questions about your perceptions about
projectors with the use of Projectors and its Effects and benefits
and to more specific questions such as your experiences on its
effects and benefits, the challenges that comes in the absence of
projectors or with projectors present, the strategies you’ve used to
cope in such situations, and your thoughts about the importance of
the installation of Projectors within Senior High School classrooms.
 ● This study aims to investigate the perceptions of Senior High
School Teachers of FSUU Morelos Campus towards the use of
Projectors and its effects and benefits for the learning
environment. This includes the teaching strategies and methods
that teachers may/may not use when it comes to discussions, the
challenges teachers face in the absence/presence of Projectors,
and how the installation of Projectors would be important for
Senior High School teachers.
● The questions will be provided in accordance with the
participants’ answers.
● Your participation in this interview is completely voluntary.
You may choose to not answer any questions that you are not
comfortable with answering. Your responses will be strictly
confidential and codes will be used when referring to your
identity. The data collected will only be used for this
research and will not be disclosed to anyone outside the
Researchers of this study.

Anonymity and Confidentiality

In this research, we assure that it is of utmost importance to
preserve the anonymity and confidentiality of our participants. All
responses provided by you, the interviewee, will be treated with
strict confidentiality, ensuring that your individual answers and
identities remain undisclosed throughout the study. Participants'
responses will be aggregated and presented in a manner that
eliminates any potential identification of individual contributors.
The use of pseudonyms or participant codes will further safeguard the
confidentiality of the data collected during interviews.

We aim to foster an environment of trust and openness, encouraging

you to share your experiences and perspectives without fear of
personal exposure. The research team is dedicated to upholding the
ethical standards of confidentiality to the highest degree,
respecting your privacy and of all individuals involved in this
study.

Ground Rules
● The Participants are free to answer in any language they are
comfortable with; there are no right or wrong answers.
● The Participants may ask questions or clarifications regarding
an interview question.
● The Participants have the right to ask for a break if they ever
feel the need for it.
● Answers must be honest to ensure quality information/data is
gathered for the accuracy of the study.
● The Researchers must not use a form of coercion or bias when it
comes to interviewing a certain participant, all interviews
must be conducted fairly and neutrally.
● The Researchers must not interrupt a Participant when they are
answering, and Participants must not interrupt the interviewer
as they are asking a question.

Warm-up
● You may introduce yourself by stating your name and section of
advisory or your subject of teaching in Senior High School.
● Since we will be interviewing you about the Effects, Benefits,
Experiences, and Challenges of Senior High School Teachers when
it comes to Projectors, you will be given a few moments to
think about your experiences and thoughts related to this
topic.
● Okay, let’s begin.

Interview Guide Questions

1. What are the effects and benefits of projectors when it comes
to teaching?
Probing Questions:
- As a teacher, how did you integrate projectors into your
teaching methods, and in what ways do they enhance or
complement your teaching strategies/approaches?
- Was there a significant benefit of projectors when it
comes to teaching in the educational environment?
- In your observation, how do students respond to lessons
delivered with the aid of projectors, and have you noticed
any changes in student interaction or participation?
- Has the use of Projectors significantly improved a
student’s learning outcomes?
- Can you share specific examples from your teaching
experience where the use of projectors had a notable
impact on student engagement or understanding of the
subject matter?
2. What are the experiences and challenges of senior high school
teachers in using projectors in the classroom?
Probing Questions:
- Have you ever faced any issues such as technical
challenges or personal challenges when it comes to using
Projectors?
- Did the use of Projectors make the quality of teaching as
a teacher more convenient or has it become a hindrance?
- Are there particular subjects or topics where you find
projectors to be more challenging or beneficial, and how
do you adapt their use to suit different subject matters?
- In your opinion, what is the long-term impact of using
projectors on both teaching practices and student learning
outcomes in senior high school?
 - Do you think the use of Projectors has made the quality of
teaching more convenient or more of a hindrance?
3. What are alternatives that teachers create when it comes to
classroom discussions in the absence of projectors?
Probing Questions:
- How do you ensure inclusivity in classroom discussions
when projectors are not available?
- Are there specific strategies you use to cater to diverse
learning styles?
- In the absence of projectors, how do you encourage
students to take an active role in leading discussions?
- Can you share examples of creative methods or tools you
employ to facilitate engaging and interactive classroom
discussions?
- Would you say that an effective classroom discussion is
still possible without the use of Projectors?

4. How important is it for senior high school teachers to have

projectors installed within the classroom?

Probing Questions:
- How would you describe the overall impact of having
projectors installed in senior high school classrooms on
the quality of teaching and learning experiences?
- How does the availability of projectors impact your lesson
planning, resource accessibility, and the overall
preparedness of senior high school teachers in delivering
effective lessons?
- From your experience, do you believe that the presence of
projectors contributes to increased student engagement and
motivation in senior high school classrooms?
 - In terms of equity and access, how does the availability
of projectors impact the learning experiences of students
across diverse backgrounds and learning strategies in
senior high school?
- In your opinion, would teaching become significantly more
convenient and effective if ever Projectors were to be
installed within classrooms?

Concluding question:
In your opinion, what would you like to share with other teachers and
the school staff about the importance of the installation of
projectors within classrooms and how it significantly affects the
educational environment and your teaching approaches/strategies?

Conclusion:
We sincerely appreciate your participation in our research and the
time you dedicated to sharing your valuable insights. Your
contributions are integral to the success of our study.

Please be assured that all information provided will be treated with

the utmost confidentiality and your identity will remain strictly
anonymous. Your trust in our research is highly valued. Thank you
once again for your invaluable assistance.

Prepared By:
Charles Go
Franzcine Espanto
Jason Salazar
Joshua Timogan
Judea Erasmo
Nicole Tolibas
Reynald Galdo
 Noted by: Approved by:
MS. ELLAINE MAE T. CARBON MRS. DONNA F. ESPUERTA A. MAELT
Research Adviser Principal, FSUU Basic Education
Informed Consent Form for the Participants

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY

You are invited to take part in a research study. Before you

decide to take part in this study, it is important that you
understand why the research is being done and what your participation
will involve. Please read the following information carefully and
feel free to ask the researcher if there is anything that is not
clear to you or if you need more information.

This study aims to investigate the perceptions of Senior High

School Teachers of FSUU Morelos Campus towards the use of Projectors
and its effects and benefits for the learning environment. This
includes the teaching strategies and methods that teachers may/may
not use when it comes to discussions, the challenges teachers face in
the absence/presence of Projectors, and how the installation of
Projectors would be important for Senior High School teachers.

BENEFITS

While there are no immediate personal benefits for

participating in this research, your honest and insightful answers
will play a crucial role in completing this study and adding valuable
new information to the existing body of knowledge.

STUDY PROCEDURES
 You will be asked to participate in a semi-structured interview
between December 11 - 15, 2023. The time of the interview will be of
your choosing, and can be held both in school or through a virtual
video conferencing platform. During the interview, the researchers
will be asking the following category of interview questions:

1. What are the effects and benefits of projectors when it comes

to teaching?
2. What are the experiences and challenges of senior high school
teachers in using projectors in the classroom?
3. What are alternatives that teachers create when it comes to
classroom discussions in the absence of projectors?
4. How important is it for senior high school teachers to have
projectors installed within the classroom?

The researchers will request for the participants’ permission

beforehand that your answers will be recorded through a video
recording and transcription to ensure that the data gathered will not
be lost and will be used for the purpose of research.

If you consent to be a respondent of this study, kindly tick the

“Yes” box:

YES, I consent to be a respondent.

NO, I don’t want to be a respondent.

RISKS

The study procedures to be done may provide minimal risk to the

participants. Participants may find themselves challenged by the
questions to be asked. To minimize this risk, the researchers will
accept questions regarding clarifications from participants.
CONFIDENTIALITY
Your identity and responses will be reflected anonymously. Every
effort will be made by the researcher to preserve your
confidentiality, including the following:

1. Codes will be assigned for the participants and will be used on

all research notes and documents;

2. All collected data will be saved in a password-protected laptop to

ensure privacy and security;

3. All data will be deleted five years after research completion.

VOLUNTARY PARTICIPATION

Your participation in this study is voluntary. It is up to you

whether or not you decide to participate. If you decide to
participate, you will be asked to sign this consent form. After you
sign this consent form, you are still free to withdraw at any time
without giving a reason. Withdrawing from this study will not entail
any sanction, and will not affect the relationship you have, if any,
with the researchers.

CONTACT INFORMATION

This study has passed the proposal hearing. If you have any
questions at any time about this study, or if you experience any
non-normative sensations as a result of participation, you may
contact the researchers’ adviser, Ms. Ellaine Carbon, or her email
address: etcarbon@urios.edu.ph
I would like to receive feedback about the overall results of this
study

YES
NO

If you answered YES, please indicate your email address:

Email:______________________________________

____________________________
Signature over printed name

________________
Date
List of References:

● Journals:
1. AJAYI, Dorcas Tabitha Wusa; GATA, Abalas Daniel; SOLIU, Shittu
A.. Slide projector utilisation and the teaching of basic science
in plateau north education zone. KIU Journal of Humanities,
[S.l.], v. 3, n. 1, p. 323-329, may 2018. ISSN 2522-2821.
https://www.ijhumas.com/ojs/index.php/kiuhums/article/view/275.

2. Khamprem & Boonmoh. (2021). Teachers’ perceptions and

experience in using technology for the classroom.
Computer-Assisted Language Learning Electronic Journal.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/348863074_Teachers
%27_Perceptions_and_Experience_in_Using_Technology_for_the_
Classroom.

3. Turugare & Rudhumbu. (2020). Integrating technology in

teaching and learning in universities in Lesotho:
opportunities and challenges. Education and Information
Technologies.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/339078902_Integrat
ing_technology_in_teaching_and_learning_in_universities_in_
Lesotho_opportunities_and_challenges.

4. Rotem Abdu & Benzi Slakmon. (2023) Teachers’ noticing of

unpredictable narratives in collaborative learning with computer
simulations. Computers in the Schools 40:1, pages 1-21.
 https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/citedby/10.1080/07380569.2021.1
953951?scroll=top&needAccess=true,

5. Alcantara, E., Et. Al. (2020). Teaching and learning with

technology: ramification of ICT integration in mathematics
education. Research Gate.
(https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Emil-Alcantara/publicatio
n/346317622_Teaching_and_Learning_with_Technology_Ramification_
of_ICT_Integration_in_Mathematics_Education/links/Teaching-and-
Learning-with-Technology-Ramification-of-ICT-Integration-in-Mat
hematics-Education.pdf)

● Books:
1. Agustiana, A. (2019). The effect of using projector as a
learning media to increase reading comprehension at the 7th grade
of junior highschool 2 Rambipuji in Academic Year 2018 - 2019.
IAIN JEMBER.
(http://digilib.uinkhas.ac.id/13621/1/Eka%20Agustiana_T20156082
.pdf)

● Webpages:
1. Papadopoulos, T. (2017). Five benefits of teaching with an
interactive projector. Education Matters.
https://www.educationmattersmag.com.au/five-benefits-of-teachin
g-with-an-interactive-projector/.

2. Global education issues: making a difference through policy.

(2019, October 22). School of Education.
https://soeonline.american.edu/blog/global-education-issues/.

3. Nob, W. (2022). 7 Disadvantages of Projectors in the Classroom.

Retrieved from
https://theaterdesire.com/disadvantages-of-projectors-in-the-cl
assroom/

Curriculum Vitae

CHARLES GABRIEL C. GO
Estacio Village, Butuan City
09153574910/charles.go@urios.edu.ph

Personal Information
Sex : Male
Date of Birth : May 9, 2005
Civil Status : In a relationship
Father : Christopher Gerard D. Go
Mother : Nadia Marie C. Go

Educational Attainment
Elementary : Angelicum Montessori School
San Francisco St. Butuan City
March, 2018

Junior High School : Angelicum Montessori School

San Francisco St. Butuan City
March, 2022
 Curriculum Vitae

FRANZCINE N. ESPANTO
Villa Kananga, Butuan City
09815409874/franzcine.espanto@urios.edu.ph

Personal Information
Sex : Female
Date of Birth : September 28, 2005
Civil Status : Single
Father : Francisco B. Espanto, Jr.
Mother : Cheryl Ann N. Espanto

Educational Attainment
Elementary : Saint Joseph Institute of
Technology Basic Education
Department
T. Calo St. Butuan City
March, 2018

Junior High School : Father Saturnino Urios

University Morelos Campus
Libertad Butuan City
April, 2022
 Curriculum Vitae

JASON A. SALAZAR
P-4 Suwa Manapa, Buenavista
09815808753/jason.salazar@urios.edu.ph

Personal Information
Sex : Male
Date of Birth : April 4, 2004
Civil Status : Single
Father : Alex B. Salazar
Mother : Grace A. Salazar

Educational Attainment
Elementary : Brgy. Manapa Public School
Brgy. Manapa Buenavista Agusan
Del Norte
April, 2017

Junior High School : Father Saturnino Urios

University Morelos Campus
Libertad Butuan City
June, 2021
 Curriculum Vitae

JOSHUA D. TIMOGAN
Culit, Nasipit
09758939847/joshua.timogan@urios.edu.ph

Personal Information
Sex : Male
Date of Birth : March 7, 2005
Civil Status : Single
Father : Christopher A. Timogan
Mother : Catalina D. Timogan

Educational Attainment
Elementary : Father Saturnino Urios
University Morelos Campus
Libertad Butuan City
March, 2018

Junior High School : Father Saturnino Urios

University Morelos Campus
Libertad Butuan City
April, 2022
 Curriculum Vitae

JUDEA ALEXANDRA KATE P. ERASMO

Barangay Bayanihan 27, Butuan City
09709221772/judea.erasmo@urios.edu.ph

Personal Information
Sex : Female
Date of Birth : October 28, 2005
Civil Status : Single
Father : Felipe U. Erasmo, Jr.
Mother : Rowena P. Erasmo

Educational Attainment
Elementary : Father Saturnino Urios
University Morelos Campus
Libertad Butuan City
March, 2018

Junior High School : Father Saturnino Urios

University Morelos Campus
Libertad Butuan City
April, 2022
 Curriculum Vitae

MARIA NICOLE V. TOLIBAS

Bancasi, Butuan City
09611087124/maria.tolibas@urios.edu.ph

Personal Information
Sex : Female
Date of Birth : December 6, 2005
Civil Status : In a relationship
Father : Monico L. Tolibas
Mother : Mary Joy V. Tolibas

Educational Attainment
Elementary : Butuan Central Elementary School
A.D. Curato St. Butuan City
March, 2018

Junior High School : Father Saturnino Urios

University Morelos Campus
Libertad Butuan City
April, 2022
 Curriculum Vitae

REYNALD LLEGADO GALDO

Libertad, Butuan City
09461327057/reynald.galdo@urios.edu.ph

Personal Information
Sex : Male
Date of Birth : August 12, 2006
Civil Status : Single
Father : Ronald Galdo
Mother : Meriam Galdo

Educational Attainment
Elementary : Las Nieves Elementary School
Butuan City
June, 2006

Junior High School : Father Saturnino Urios

University Morelos Campus
Libertad Butuan City
April, 2022