UNIDAD EDUCATIVA PARTICULAR “SAN JOSÉ DE CALASANZ”

Name:…………………………………………………… Date: ……….

…………………………….
Grade: 1st baccalaureate Subject: D. of Philosophical Thought

PART I: PHILOSOPHIC THOUGHT: ORIGIN AND ITS

RELATIONSHIP WITH THE CITIZENSHIP
HOW IS DEMOCRACY ORGANISED IN THE POLIS?

In the polis, the main democratic form was the Assembly. It was a public
space where all male citizens of Athens could speak their minds and
exercise their votes regarding the government of their city.

It was the most central and most definitive institution in the Athenian
Democracy. Before 462 BCE, the Court of the Areopagus controlled
legislation in Athens, but in that same year Ephialtes instituted a reform
that diminished the power of the Areopagus and increased the power of
the Assembly for the people. This Assembly became synonymous with
democracy.

When Aristotle describes how democratic government was restored after

Sparta defeated Athens in 404 BCE, he says that this restoration happened
when “the people became sovereign over affairs”. Under this
government, he said, the People administer all business “by decrees and
by law-courts”.When Aristotle mentions the People and government by
decrees, he is describing the Assembly.

Areopagus, earliest
aristocratic council of
ancient Athens. The name was taken from the Areopagus (“Ares’ Hill”), a low hill
northwest of the Acropolis, which was its meeting place.

In the Assembly, each male citizen of Athens could speak, regardless of his
station. The orator Aeschines says that the herald, acting as a sergeant-
at-arms, “does not exclude from the platform the man whose ancestors
have not held a general’s office, nor even the man who earns his daily
bread by working by trade; nay, these men he most heartily welcomes,
and for this reason he repeats again and again the invitation, ‘Who wishes
to address the assembly?’.Demosthenes can chide his fellow Athenians
for failing to recollect certain events, because they “were present at every
assembly, as the state proposed a discussion of policy in which everyone
might join.” “Everyone”, in this context, refers to the body of citizens who
were registered on the assembly list for their local district, or deme.

Under the Democracy of Aristotle’s time (after 330 BCE), young men were
enrolled on this list when they were 18 years old, then spent two years as
military cadets, or ephebes, after which they were members of the citizen
body.

UNIDAD EDUCATIVA PARTICULAR “SAN JOSÉ DE CALASANZ”

Name:………………………………………………………Date: ……….…………………………….
Grade: 1stbaccalaureateSubject: D. of Philosophical Thought

PART I: PHILOSOPHIC THOUGHT: ORIGIN AND ITS RELATIONSHIP

WITH THE CITIZENSHIP
HOW IS DEMOCRACY ORGANISED IN THE POLIS?
Complete
1. In the polis, the main democratic form was ...

A. the city council

B. the assembly

C. the state

2. Before 462 BCE, legislation in Athens was controlled by…

A. the Court of the Areopagus

B. the Court of Pericles

C. the court of Plato

3. Assembly is a synonym of

A. democracy.

B. aristocracy

C. demagogy

4. Who increased the power of the Assembly for the people?

A. Socrates

B. Ephialtes

C. Plato

5. Ephebes had to spend two years as…

A. jurors
B. rulers

C. military cadets

6. Enrolment for Ephebes was up during

A. Democracy of Pericles’ time

B. Democracy of Aristotle’s time

C. Democracy of Plato’s time

ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS:

7. What did Aristotle state firmly about the restored democratic

government after Sparta defeated Athens in 404 BCE? (1 POINT)

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8. Name the two orators that played an important role in the Assembly
and their points of view (1 POINT)

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9. Why did Aristotle mention the people and government? (1 POINT)

____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________

10. Why do you think it was important for citizens became “sovereign
over affairs” (1 POINT)
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