Irregular Verbs: An Alphabetical Reference List (continued)

Simple Simple Past Simple Simple Past

Fo rm Past Participle Form Past Participle
ris e ro s e ris e n s p rin g * s p ra n g / s p ru n g s p ru n g
ru n ra n ru n s ta n d s to o d s to o d
sa y s a id s a id s te a l s to le s to le n
se e saw seen s tic k s tu c k s tu c k
seek* sought sought s t in g * s tu n g s tu n g
s e ll s o ld s o ld s t in k * s ta n k /s tu n k s tu n k
se n d sent sent s t rik e * s tru c k s tru c k /s tric k e n
se t set set s t riv e * s tro v e /s tr iv e d s triv e n /s triv e d
sha ke shook sh a ke n s trin g s tru n g s tru n g
shed* shed shed sw ear s w o re s w o rn
s h in e s h o n e /s h in e d s h o n e /s h in e d sw eep sw ept sw ept
sho ot shot shot s w e ll s w e lle d s w e lle d /s w o lle n
show show ed s h o w n /s h o w e d s w im sw am sw um
s h rin k * s h r a n k /s h ru n k s h ru n k s w in g * sw ung sw ung
shut shut shut ta k e to o k ta k e n
s in g sang sung te a c h ta u g h t ta u g h t
s in k * sank sunk te a r to re to r n
s it sat sat te ll to ld to ld
s le e p s le p t s le p t th in k th o u g h t th o u g h t
s lid e * slid s lid th ro w th re w th ro w n
s lit* s lit s lit th r u s t* th ru s t th ru s t
s m e ll s m e lle d /s m e lt s m e lle d /s m e lt u n d e rs ta n d u n d e rs to o d u n d e rs to o d
sneak s n e a ke d /s n u c k s n e a k e d /s n u c k u n d e rta k e u n d e rto o k u n d e rta k e n
speak sp o ke sp o ke n upset upset up se t
speed s p e d /s p e e d e d s p e d /s p e e d e d w ake w o k e /w a k e d w oken
s p e ll s p e lle d /s p e lt s p e lle d /s p e lt w ear w o re w o rn
spend spent spe nt w eave • w ove w oven
sp ill s p ille d /s p ilt s p ille d /s p ilt w eep* w ept w ept
s p in * sp u n spun w in w on w on
s p it s p it/s p a t s p it/s p a t w in d * w ound w ound
s p lit* s p lit s p lit w ith d ra w w ith d r e w w ith d r a w n
s p o il s p o ile d /s p o ilt s p o ile d /s p o ilt w rite w ro te w ritte n
s p re a d * s p re a d s p re a d

•Definitions o f some o f the less frequently used irregular verbs:

b e t ............ . wager; offer to pay fo re c a st. . . predict a future sting . . . . . cause pain with a
money if one loses occurrence sharp object (e.g.,
b i d ............ . make an offer o f money, forsake . . . . abandon or desert pin) or bite (e.g., by
usually at a public sale grind . crush, reduce to small an insect)
b in d .......... . fasten or secure pieces stink . . . . . have a bad or foul
breed . bring animals together s e e k ......... . . look for smell
to produce young shed . . . . . drop off or get rid of strike . . . . . hit something with
broadcast , . send information by shrink . . . . become smaller force
radio waves; sin k .......... . move downward, often strive . . . . . try hard to achieve a
announce under water goal
burst . . . . . explode; break suddenly slide . . . . . glide smoothly; slip or swing . . . . . move back and forth
c a s t .......... . throw skid thrust . . . . push forcibly; shove
c lin g ........... hold on tightly s l i t ............ . cut a narrow opening weave . . . . form by passing pieces
creep . crawl close to the sp in ......... . turn rapidly around a o f m aterial over
ground; move slowly central point and under each
and quietly s p lit......... . . divide into two or other (as in making
d e a l.......... . distribute playing more parts baskets, cloth)
cards to each person; spread . . . . push out in all weep . . . . . cry
give attention to (deal directions (e.g., butter wind . . . . . (sounds like fin d ) turn
with) on bread, news) around and around
f le e ............ . escape; run away spring . . . . jump or rise suddenly
flin g .......... . throw with force from a still position