EARTH SCIENCE

TYPES OF

ENERGY
GROUP 5 - TECTONIC TOTI
ENERGY
the capacity to do work
CLASSIFICATIONS OF ENERGY

Renewable Energy

Non-Renewable Energy
RENEWABLE ENERGY
energy that can be
restored or replaced by
natural processes.
 RENEWABLE ENERGY

SOLAR WIND GEO- HYDRO-

ENERGY ENERGY THERMAL ELECTRIC
ENERGY ENERGY
SOLAR ENERGY
comes from the Sun by electromagnetic
radiation
can be used directly for heat and converted to
electricity for other uses
it is a nearly unlimited source, it is renewable,
and largely, non-polluting
SOLAR POWER PLANT
solar power works by converting
energy from the sun into power
there are two forms of energy
generated from the sun for our use
– electricity and heat
both are generated through the use
of solar panels, which range in size
from residential rooftops to 'solar
farms' stretching over acres of rural
land
SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC (PV) PANELS
a most important component of a solar power plant
it is made up of small solar cells
a device used to convert solar photon energy into electrical energy
a group of panels is also known as Photovoltaic (PV) array

INVERTER
the output of the solar panel is in the form of DC
the most of load connected to the power system network is in the
form of AC
for that, inverters are used to convert DC power into AC power
ENERGY STORAGE DEVICES (BATTERY BANK)
used to store electrical energy generated by the solar power plants
the most important component in a power plant to meet the
demand and variation of the load
the capacity of a battery is how much electrical power it can store

CHARGE CONTROLLER
used to control the charging and discharging of the battery
overcharging of a battery may lead to corrosion and reduce plate
growth and in the worst condition, it may damage the electrolyte of
the battery
WIND ENERGY
it is using the
wind current to
create
electricity using
windmill
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
heat that causes the temperature to increase
with depth in the Earth and is responsible for
melting of mantle rocks to form magmas
magmas can carry the heat upward into the
crust
groundwater circulating in the vicinity of
igneous intrusions carries the heat back toward
the surface
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
this hot water can be tapped, it can be used
directly to heat homes, or if trapped at great
depth under pressure it can be turned into
steam which will expand and drive a turbine to
generate electricity
HYDROELECTRIC ENERGY
requires geologic knowledge in order to make
sure that dams are built in areas where they will
not collapse and harm human populations
HYDROELECTRIC
POWER PLANT
a hydroelectric power plant
transforms the hydraulic energy of a
watercourse, whether it is natural or
artificial, into renewable electricity
the scheme of a power plant
includes a barrage that intercepts
the watercourse, creating a reservoir
DAM
raises the water level of the river to create falling water
also controls the flow of water
the reservoir that is formed is, in effect, stored energy

TURBINE
the force of falling water pushing against the turbine's blades causes
the turbine to spin
it is much like a windmill, except the energy is provided by falling
water instead of wind
converts the kinetic energy of falling water into mechanical energy
GENERATOR
connected to the turbine by shafts and possibly gears so when the
turbine spins it causes the generator to spin also
converts the mechanical energy from the turbine into electric
energy
generator of hydroelectric power plants work just like the
generators in other types of power plants

TRANSMISSION LINES
conduct electricity from the hydropower plant to homes and
businesses
HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANT HAS AN
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT SUCH AS:
it destroys forest, wildlife habitat, agricultural
land, and scenic lands
in many instances, such as the Three
Gorges Dam in China, entire community
have also had to be relocated to make way
for reservoirs
NON-RENEWABLE
ENERGY
energy that cannot be
readily replaced by natural
processes
FORMATION OF PETROLEUM
the process of petroleum formation involves several steps:

organic matter slow chemical

from organisms reactions transform
must be the organic
produced in material into the
great abundance hydrocar found in
this organic petroleum
matter must be
buried rapidly
before oxidation
takes place
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF PETROLEUM:
when burned, petroleum products emit carbon
dioxide, carbon monoxide other air toxins, all of
which have a negative effect on the
environment
its combustion contributes to polluting
emissions, especially of carbon dioxide, one of
the most dangerous of the greenhouse gases
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF PETROLEUM:
oil and gas operations could release many tons
of harmful pollutants into the air and discharge
dangerous chemicals into the water, thereby
degrading the clean air and water that animals
and humans depend on for survival
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