LESSON 1

Reading: Demand for water.

Listening: TV and Radio. Sports.
Writing: Semi-formal letter. Write a letter to
the family you stayed with for six months in
an English-speaking country to ask them to
send you the small bag of personal
possessions you left in your room.
Speaking: A person who has greatly
influenced you.
Text on speciality: Accountants. Why is it
sexy to be a future accountants?
G: In case.
 Unit 19- Sample Reading Test (2)

23. Some businesses do not mind at all if you call them before 9:30a.m ..
24. A street map book will be helpful when you are seeking a job.
25. Before you read the paper for job information, you need to know about the job location
you prefer.
26. People can find out what skills they need for a specific job by attending job fairs.
27. People in the bus will always respond if you greet them with a friendly "hello".
28. Sometimes you need to pay for the help offered by the coaches.

Read the following passage.

Demand for Water in the United States

If all of the water in the atmosphere were to fall evenly as rain, the Earth would be entirely
covered with one inch of water. But when it rains, it pours. Rain doesn't fall equally on everyone.
Unusual weather patterns sometimes create long periods of droughts or disastrous floods . In the
United States, the average annual rainfall is 30 inches, and most of the rain falls in the East. Less
than 4 inches of rain falls each year on parts of the Southwest, while parts of the Pacific North-
west receive 200 inches a year.

The survival and success of a community frequently depend upon the water it can provide
for agriculture and industry. Water has often become the limiting factor in the growth of com-
munities. Although the eastern part of the United States is wet, water supplies are sometimes not
sufficient to meet the demand. The high population density along the eastern coast puts great
demand upon the region's water supply.

In poor tropical countries, where women must walk several miles for water, each person may
use less than one gallon of water per day. It is estimated that Californians use about 100 to 200
gallons a day per person. During recent droughts in New Jersey and California, some residents
were required to limit water use to 50 gallons per person per day.

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Basic IEL TS Reading

Average Daily Water Use for a Family of Four

88 334 34
35 133 14
27 103 11
5 9 2
959 100

Our demand for water is great and it continues to grow. World water demand has grown
faster than the population. Water use is nearly 50 per cent more per person than in 1950. Each
day during 1985, nearly 1.3 trillion litres of water flowed through complex systems of pipes to
homes, factories, farms and power plants in the United States.
Most water - 141 billion gallons per day - is used for agriculture. A large supply of water is
necessary to produce the food that we eat. One hundred and twenty gallons of water is required
to produce an egg for your breakfast. A steak for dinner requires 3,500 gallons.
Irrigated agriculture is the number one user of water in the western United States. In California,
farmers use about 85 per cent of the available water supply. They grow about half the fruits and
vegetables produced in the United States. In California, cotton, rice, and alfalfa rely most heavily
on irrigated water. In Kern Country, a farmer can make seven cuttings of alfalfa in an irrigated
field. Without water for irrigation, the fields may produce only one cutting.
The second major user of water in the United States is production of electricity at thermoelec-
tric power plants. Power plants use 131 billion gallons of water per day, but 97 per cent of this
water is returned to the lake or the river and is immediately available to be used again.
The chart below shows how water was used in the United States in 1985. The charts include
only water that is withdrawn from a source. They do not include recreation, power generation,
transportation or wildlife uses that do not remove water from the stream.

Daily Water Withdrawal Uses in the Entire United States -1985

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 Unit 19- Sample Reading Test (2)

Read the passage Demand for Water in the United States and answer the following ques-
tions. In boxes 29-31, write for each answer NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS taken from
the passage.
29. What could be the reason for natural disasters like droughts and floods?

30. Which factor can frequently affect the survival and success of a community?

31. What is the reason for great water demand along the eastern coast of the United States?

Read the passage Demand for Water in the United States and choose, according to the
passage, one phrase (A-G) from the list of phrases to complete each key point below. In
boxes 32-36, write the appropriate letters (A-G). There are more phrases than key points,
so you will not use them all.

32. The eastern part of the United States

33. In the United States,
34. Most of the water supply
35. Most of the water from power plants
36. The chart of Daily Water Withdrawal Uses

Questions 3 7-40

Read the passage Demand for Water in the United States and look at the following state-
ments. In boxes 37-40 on your answer sheet, write

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Basic IELTS Reading

37. Water supplies in the eastern part of the United States can always meet the demand.
38. Water used in California per person could be 200 times as much as the water used per
person in tropical countries.
39. Among the items of average daily water use for a family of four, the percentage of water
use on housekeeping is the lowest.
40. Water demand in the world grows almost twice as fast as the population.

Section 1 network /'netw3:k/ v.

attain /a'tein/ v. pinpoint /'pinp<Jint/ v.
bulletin /'bulatin/ n. plumber /'plAma/ n.
bursary /'b3:sari/ n. purchase /'p3:tJas/ v.
commission /ka'miJan/ n. referral /ri'f3:ral/ n.
festival /'festaval/ n.
Section 3
individualise /,indi'vid3ualaiz/ v.
density /'densiti/ n.
initiative /i'niJativ/ n.
disastrous /di'za:stras/ adj.
intensive /in'tensiv/adj.
gallon /' grelan/ n.
literacy /'litarasi/ n.
generation /,d3ena'reiJan/ n.
subsidise /'sAbsidaiz/ v.
hygiene /'haid3i:n/ n.
unlock /,An'luk/ v.
irrigate /'irigeit/ v.
Section 2 mining /'maini!J/ n.
appeal /a'pi:l/ v. plant /pla:nt/ n.
association /a,sausi'eij"an/ n. recreation /,rekri'eij"an/ n.
coach /kautJ/ n. rely /ri'lai/ v.
dentist /'dentist/ n. steak /steik/ n.
fair /fea/ n. thermoelectric /,83:maui'lektrik/ adj.
interrupt /,inta'rApt/ v. trillion /'triljan/ n.
lane /lein/ n.

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