Inglés Aplicado a Ciencias de la Salud: Grupo B UNIDAD I: COGNATES

COGNATE (COGNADOS)
A cognate is a word that looks and means the same between two languages
There are two types of cognates:
1 PERFECT COGNATE
The first one which is a perfect cup mate.
The perfect cognates have exactly the same spelling between Spanish and English except
maybe for an accent on the Spanish spelling. Let´s look at some examples:
Animal Doctor
Balance Control
Circular Telephone
Fatal
Revision

Near-perfect cognates
The second type, near-perfect cognates.
Just like the name suggests these cognates aren’t as perfect as their cousin cognates
however they only have Speling’s which differ by up to three letters in this way their spelling
endings can be predictable and so can help you identify English vocabulary you already
known in Spanish so far.
Let’s break it down it’s super easy so “cion” or “syn” endings in Spanish become “tion” or
share endings in English. Look at some examples:
Accusation Acusación
Action Acción
Admiration Admiración
Aspiration Aspiración
Attention Atención
Celebration Celebración
Civilization Civilización
Combination Combinación
Concentration Concentración
Conservation Conservación
Consideration Consideración
Fiction Ficción
Formation Formación
Nation Nación
Simplification Simplificación

The second ending in Spanish which is “also” or “oso” endings “ous” becomes boots oh
us in English. Look at some examples:

Mgt. Américo Hugo Santa Cruz Mejía 1

Inglés Aplicado a Ciencias de la Salud: Grupo B UNIDAD I: COGNATES

Curious Curioso
Delicious Delicioso
Delicious Delicioso
Glorious Glorioso
Mysterious Misterioso
Numerous Numeroso
Precious Precioso
Religious Religioso
Tedious Tedioso

The third ending in Spanish which is “ario” becomes “ary” in English. Look at the examples:
Anniversary Aniversario
Salary Salario
Diary Diario
Vocabulary Vocabulario
Temporary Temporario
Adversary Adversario
Arbitrary Arbitrario
Commentary Comentario
Complementary Complementario
Contrary Contrario
Diary Diario
Glossary Glosario
Estuary Estuario
Primary Primario
Rosary Rosario
Secretary Secretario
Solitary Solitario
Vocabulary Vocabulario
Temporary Temporario

The fourth Spanish ending “ico” becomes “ic” in English. Let’s see the examples:
Artistic Artístico
Comic Cómico
Dynamic Dinámico
Romantic Romántico
Dramatic Dramático

Mgt. Américo Hugo Santa Cruz Mejía 2

Inglés Aplicado a Ciencias de la Salud: Grupo B UNIDAD I: COGNATES

The last Spanish ending “cto” becomes “ct” in English. Look at the examples:
Abstract Abstracto
Conflict Conflicto
Insect Insecto
Perfect Perfecto
Product Producto
Act Acto
Artefact Artefacto
Compact Compacto
Conflict Conflicto
Contact Contacto
Correct Correcto
Exact Exacto

2 FALSE COGNATES OR FALSE FRIENDS (HOMOPHONES)

Same sound different meanings

Week Semana Weak Débil

Sum Suma Some Alguno
Brake Frenar Break Descansar, quebrar
Hour Hora Our Nuestro
So Entonces, así, tan, tanto Sew Coser
Plane Papel plano Plane Avión
Flower Flor Flour Harina
To (Too) Para, al, hacia (Demasiado) Two Dos
By (Buy) Por, al lado de (Comprar) Bye Adios
Stair Grada, escalinata Stare Mirar fijamente

Mgt. Américo Hugo Santa Cruz Mejía 3

Inglés Aplicado a Ciencias de la Salud: Grupo B UNIDAD I: COGNATES

Peace Paz Piece Padazo, parte de

Mail Correo Male macho
Wrap Envolver Rap Tipo de baile
Bear Oso Bare Desnudo
Board Pizarra, tablero Bored Aburrido
Sent Enviado Scent Olor
Blue Azul Blew Soplar
Die Morir Dye Teñir
Genes Genes Jeans Pantalones gruesos
Wear Usar, ponerse, vestirse Where ¿Donde?
Feat Logro Feet Pies
Assist Atender Attend Asistir

Mgt. Américo Hugo Santa Cruz Mejía 4