Coffer Dam Design

© 2021 JETIR May 2021, Volume 8, Issue 5 www.jetir.
org (ISSN-2349-5162)
Detailed planning, designing and cost-estimation

of high rise (G+3) residential building
1
Gaurav Babu, 2Sourav Bawa, 3Suhail Almheri, 4Akshat Mahajan
1
UG Student, 2UG Student, 3UG Student, 4Assistant Professor
1
Department of civil engineering
1
Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
Abstract: In present times, alluring architecture along with high rise buildings are trending and every person on the surface of
earth wants a building that uplifts his status in the society. As a result more and more money is being invested in construction
industry every day and it looks like it is not going to stop in the foreseeable future. Construction industry is being developed
regularly creating scope of use of new and advanced technology. New technology, tools and machineries are in demand all over
the world. We also used prominent software like AutoCAD, STAAD.Pro and Bentley’s RCDC to carry out our study. AutoCAD
has been used for the purpose of laying out plan of our building which is an irregular shaped structure, to do the designing of
the building we used STAAD.Pro and cost-estimation was performed using Bentley’s RCDC. The chief objective was to endorse
an uncommon idea of designing irregular shaped yet attention-grabbing building and to practice multiple software in the field
of Civil engineering and specifically in structural designing, as per the results it is found that software has instrumental
impression in the structure designing and according to the chief objective of the specific study the distinctive design was
completed and done through very applicable manner and techniques, moreover the study is an endeavour to aid research scholars
and designers in the academic field.
Index Terms: AutoCAD, STAAD.Pro, Bentley’s RCDC, Building, Design, Analyse, Plan, Cost-estimation, Concrete,
Reinforcement Bars.
1. Introduction
Construction industry is a fast-growing sector and among other elements of the industry the demand for concrete is rocketing
up. Earlier land was available cheaply and a lot of land was open for construction but as the population started growing both
availability and cost started changing. One started getting lesser and other started getting higher i.e. less land is available at high
prices. To cater the lack of construction land instead of expanding horizontally people started going vertically and multistorey
building came into trend. This way you can provide more space/room in less land. To make sure that the building stands strong
reinforcement bars are used with plain concrete to make it Reinforced Cement Concrete (R.C.C.). It not only provides strength
but also battles against the forces like bending, bulking, shear and tension which plain concrete fails to resist. Though a lot of
buildings are made but most predominantly residential buildings are constructed to provide shelter to people. An official Indian
audit report stated that 1.86 million houses are constructed in India every year for the period of 2016-18 which clearly indicates
that population is growing as well as demand of houses which will lead to the rise in construction industry.
2. Current Study
The current study is about an irregular shaped residential building. It is a four-storey building (G+3) having a built-up area
4022.48 sq.ft. The whole building was designed and analysed using STAAD.Pro and AutoCAD. Architecture drawings has been
completed using AutoCAD. The building is located near the outskirts of Agra city. Each storey has 3-bedrooms, guestroom,
children room, kitchen, balcony and living room. Stair case has been provided for vertical access in the building. Furthermore
car parking is provided on the ground floor and hall is provided on the rest of floors. For cost estimation Bentley’s RCDC was
used so that detailed calculations of beams, columns, slabs and footings can be completed.
3. Methodology
The particular study is carried out through the help of quantitative method and team work of 3 students Number of software
were used for designing, analysis, 3D modelling, cost estimation and detailing in order to develop unique model of our building.
3.1. Materials
As the study is purely software-based we did not use any physical material but we surely used software. Civil engineering
is a massive field and it is divided into numerous sub sections or parts. A lot of software are available but we used only few of
them for our study. For the initial phase we used AutoCAD for architecture drawings and 2D plan of the building. We also used
it for elevation and layout of the building. After making the plan we used STAAD.Pro for the detailed designing and analysis
of the building. We applied loads and checked them for safety. Later on we used Bentley’s RCDC for cost estimation and 3D
views of the building.
JETIR2105375 Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (JETIR) www.jetir.org c951
© 2021 JETIR May 2021, Volume 8, Issue 5 www.jetir.org (ISSN-2349-5162)
Fig.1. Plan of the Building
The sole purpose behind designing an irregular shaped building was to make the building more attractive and visually stunning.
Also new and new design for building are being prepared so that every building should be distinct from the previous ones.
Fig.2. Cycle of Construction
3.2. Design and Analysis

The building was designed and analysed using STAAD.Pro. Size of various structural elements like beams, slabs, footings,
columns is taken as per the necessity of the building. For the purpose of uniformity and elegance all the beams and columns
were made of same size. Footings and slabs were made of different sizes in order to provide stability at hotspots. We used M25
concrete and Fe 415 reinforcement bars for designing the structural elements. Trapezoidal footings are provided for fixed support
to the building.
The details of beams, columns and slabs are given in below table:
Table 1. Size of structural Elements

Element Size
Beam 300 x 400 mm
Column 400 x 500 mm
Floor Slab 125 mm
Roof and Terrace
100 mm
Slab
After assigning the properties the height of building came out to be 15m which includes the terrace level also. Each floor is 3m
apart. Essential minimum cover is also provided for all components as mentioned underneath:
Table 2. Cover provided

Element Cover
Beam 25 mm
Column 40 mm
Slab 20 mm
Footing 50 mm
External Wall
15 mm
Plaster
Internal Wall Plaster 12 mm
Now comes the turn to apply load. We applied dead load, live load, seismic load and wind load, on the building. All the values
of load applied are shown in following table.
Table 3. Load Applied
Load Type Amount of Load
Wall Load 36.2kn/m
Live Load 2kn/m
4.8kn/m (10m)
Wind Load
5.5kn/m (15m)
Slab Load 11.2kn/m
Fig.3. External Wall Load
Fig.4. Internal wall Load
Fig.5. Live Loading on the building
Fig.6
Fig.7
Fig.8
Fig.9
Fig.6,7,8,9. represents 3D views of building
4. Cost Estimation
For the purpose of cost estimation of the building we used Bentley’s RCDC software. It not only provided us accurate and
quick results but also helped us to learn a lot about the process. We cross checked the results with our manual calculations to
establish the promptness of the software and we found that the results were almost similar. The estimation for various
components was done for their shuttering work, concrete and reinforcement bars. Gross amount for beams, columns, slabs and
footings are given in the following tables.
Table 4. BOQ of Columns
Elements Gross Amount
Concrete M25 Rs. 4,20,712
Steel Bars Fe415 Rs.7,59,716
Shuttering Rs.3,13,632
Total Rs. 14,94,060
Table 5. BOQ of Beams

Steel Bars Fe415 Rs. 2,17,823
Shuttering Rs. 78,560
Total Rs. 4,13,090
Table 6. BOQ of Slabs

Steel Bars Fe415 Rs. 90,617
Shuttering Rs. 1,16,221
Total Rs. 3,69,166
Table 7. BOQ of Footings

Steel Bars Fe415 Rs. 92,722
Shuttering Rs. 2,15,842
Total Rs. 5,90,046
5. Results and Discussion

After the analysis of the building we checked it for failure and all the components of the building passed the failure check
it seems that the building can fulfil its intended lifespan. Some of the results are mentioned below.
Fig.10. Bending Moment Diagram
Fig.11. Shear Force Diagram
Fig.12. Elevation of Column
Fig.13. Elevation of Beam at 3m
Fig.14. Section of Beam at 3m
Fig.15. Detailing of Footing
Fig.16. Schedule of Column and Walls
Fig.17. Layout of Footings

Fig.18. Layout of Columns
Fig.19. Layout of Beams at 3m
Conclusion
This research helped us a lot in gaining new and valuable knowledge of software like STAAD.Pro, AUTOCAD and
Bentley’s RCDC. Construction of a building should be smooth and safe and it should resist every challenge it faces in its planned
lifetime but it should also be cost effective and updated.
The results we got from the analysis of the building using software very close to the ones that we computed manually only
a slight difference was there which can prove the accuracy of the results.
After cost estimation of the building we can conclude that the cost of various components calculated by Bentley’s RCDC
were similar to our manual estimation and it also provided detailed record of all the calculations.
As the building is situated in Agra which is not at high altitude the wind flows at a moderate pace and doesn’t affect
building much.
During the current research we came across a lot of problems and hurdles but with sheer determination and hard-work we
overcame all those challenges. We learned to operate and work on RCDC software and learned a lot in the process.
References
[1] M.R. Dheerendrababu, “Design of reinforced concrete structures”.
[2] S.S. Bhavikatti, “Structural Analysis”.
[3] IS:875 (Part-I)-1987, “Indian Standard Code of Practice for Design Loads (other than earthquake) for Building and
Structures”, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, 1997.
[4] I.S:875(Part –II)-1987, “Indian Standard Code of Practice for Design Loads (other than earthquake) for Buildings and
Structures”, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi 1997.
[5] I.S:875(Part –III)-1987, “Indian Standard Code of Practice for Design Loads (other than earthquake) for Buildings and
Structures”, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi 1997.
[6] I.S:1893 (Part-I)-2002- Indian Standard- Criteria of for Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures” Bureau of Indian
Standards, New Delhi 1997.
[7] I.S:456: 2000 Indian Standard- “Plain and Reinforced Concrete – Code of Practice”, Bureau of Indian Standards, New
Delhi 2007.
[8] Mallik S.K “Reinforced Concrete,” Oxford and IBH publishing company.
[9] SP16:1980, “Design Aids for Reinforced Concrete to IS: 456-1978”, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, 1993.
[10] Mr. Anurag Wahane, Mr. Vedprakash Sahu Seismic Analysis on RCC Frame Building Resting on Sloping Ground
Using STAAD.Pro. Software © 2020IJRTI | Volume 5, Issue 2| ISSN: 2456-3315.
[11] Ashok K. Jain, “Reinforced concrete (limit state design)”, 6th edition.
[12] Ramamurtham’s “Structural Analysis”

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© 2021 JETIR May 2021, Volume 8, Issue 5 www.jetir.

Detailed planning, designing and cost-estimation

Fig.1. Plan of the Building

Fig.2. Cycle of Construction

3.2. Design and Analysis

Table 1. Size of structural Elements

Table 2. Cover provided

Fig.3. External Wall Load

Fig.4. Internal wall Load

Fig.5. Live Loading on the building

Table 5. BOQ of Beams

Table 6. BOQ of Slabs

Table 7. BOQ of Footings

5. Results and Discussion

Fig.10. Bending Moment Diagram

Fig.11. Shear Force Diagram

Fig.12. Elevation of Column

Fig.13. Elevation of Beam at 3m

Fig.14. Section of Beam at 3m

Fig.15. Detailing of Footing

Fig.16. Schedule of Column and Walls

Fig.17. Layout of Footings

Fig.18. Layout of Columns

Fig.19. Layout of Beams at 3m

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