Transportation Engineering

Abrasion value (Deval abrasion) Experiment No 5

Object of the Experiment

To determine the abrasion value of a given aggregate sample by Conducting Deval abrasion

Test (ASTM C-131, C535 and AASHTO T-96)

Theory

Deval abrasion test has devised to test rock fragment. The test has been standardized by ASTM

for finding the rate of wear of stone aggregates by crushing them to tumble one over other in a

rattler in presence of abrasive charge. Deval abrasion test has been standardized by Indian

Standard (I.S) as a test for abrasion of coarse aggregates. In this test abrasion and impact take

place due to the steel balls used as abrasive charge.

Apparatus

The apparatus as per IS:2386 (Part-4) 1963/1978 consists of Deval machine: The Deval

abrasion testing machine shall consist of one or more hollow cast iron cylinders closed at one

end and furnished with a tightly fitting iron cover at the other. The inside diameter of the

cylinders shall be 20 cm and depth 34 cm. The cylinders shall be mounted on a shaft at an

angle of 30 degree with the axis of rotation of the shaft. I.S Sieves shall be taken as 1.70, 4.75,

10, 12.5, 20, 25, 40 mm. Balance of capacity 5kg or 10kg, Drying oven and Miscellaneous like

tray. Cast iron or steel spheres of about 4.8 cm diameter and 390 to 445 gm weight are used as

abrasive charge. Six such spheres are used as abrasive charge, their total weight being

2500±10g.
Procedure

The test sample consists of clean aggregates dried in oven at 105° – 110°C. The sample should

conform to any of the grading shown in table below. Select the grading to be used in the test

such that it conforms to the grading to be used in construction, to the maximum extent possible.

The sample and the abrasive charges of 6 spheres of total weight 2500±10g are placed in the

Deval abrasion testing machine and the cover is tightly fixed. The machine rotates at a speed of

30-33 revolutions per minute. The number of revolutions is 1000. The machine should be

balanced and driven such that there is uniform peripheral speed. The machine is stopped after

the completion of desired number of revolutions and material is discharged in tray. The entire

stone dust is sieved on 1.70 mm IS sieve. The material coarser than 1.7 mm size is weighed

correct to one gram. The weight of the test sample shall depend upon its average specific

gravity and shall be as follows:

Fig. 1 Deval Abrasion Testing Machine

Observation and Calculation

The loss in weight by abrasion is the difference between the original weight of the test sample

and the weight of material retained on the 1.7 mm I.S Sieve after the test. The percentage of
wear is the loss in weight by abrasion expressed as a percentage of the original weight of the

sample.

Original weight of the sample (W1) =

Weight of Material retained on 1.7 mm I.S Sieve after the abrasion test (W 2) =

Percentage wear or Deval Abrasion value (W1 - W2) x 100 =

W1

Result: The Deval Abrasion Value =

Discussion

1. Explain the purpose of the test

2. What are the advantages of the abrasion test?

3. What factor influence the abrasion value

4. Which types of test has better performance to evaluate the abrasion value

5. Which types of material gives better performance in abrasion test.

6. What do you mean by Abrasion?

 Table No 1 Weight of sample for Deval Abrasion Test
S. No Range of sp. Weight of Sample
Gravity
1 Over 2.8 5500
2 2.4-2.8 5000
3 2.2-2.39 4500
4 Less than 2.2 4000

Table No 2 Grading of Aggregates for Deval Abrasion Test

Grading Passing I.S Sieve Retain on I.S Sieve Aggregate Sample
(mm) (mm) % age
20 12.5 25
25 20 25
A 40 25 25
50 40 25
20 12.5 25
B 25 20 25
40 25 50
20 12.5 50
C
25 20 50
12.5 4.75 50
D
20 12.5 50
10 4.75 50
E 12.5 10 50
Working Sheet
Sample Calculations and discussion