Physics for Scientists and Engineers A

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Physics for Scientists and Engineers, 4e (Knight)
Chapter 6 Dynamics I: Motion Along a Line

6.1 Conceptual Questions

1) A box of mass m is pulled with a constant acceleration a along a horizontal frictionless floor
by a wire that makes an angle of 15° above the horizontal. If T is the tension in this wire, then
A) T = ma.
B) T > ma.
C) T < ma.
Answer: B
Var: 1

2) Two objects, each of weight W, hang vertically by spring scales as shown in the figure. The
pulleys and the strings attached to the objects have negligible weight, and there is no appreciable
friction in the pulleys. The reading in each scale is

A) W.
B) more than W, but not quite twice as much.
C) less than W.
D) 2W.
E) more than 2W.
Answer: A
Var: 1

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3) A fish weighing 16 N is weighed using two spring scales, each of negligible weight, as shown
in the figure. What will be the readings of the scales?

A) The bottom scale will read 16 N, and the top scale will read zero.
B) Each scale will read 16 N.
C) The top scale will read 16 N, and the bottom scale will read zero.
D) The scales will have different readings, but the sum of the two readings will be 16 N.
E) Each scale will read 8 N.
Answer: B
Var: 1

4) Two objects have masses m and 5m, respectively. They both are placed side by side on a
frictionless inclined plane and allowed to slide down from rest.
A) It takes the lighter object 5 times longer to reach the bottom of the incline than the heavier
object.
B) It takes the lighter object 10 times longer to reach the bottom of the incline than the heavier
object.
C) It takes the heavier object 5 times longer to reach the bottom of the incline than the lighter
object.
D) It takes the heavier object 10 times longer to reach the bottom of the incline than the lighter
object.
E) The two objects reach the bottom of the incline at the same time.
Answer: E
Var: 1

5) A box slides down a frictionless plane inclined at an angle θ above the horizontal. The
gravitational force on the box is directed
A) parallel to the plane in the same direction as the movement of the box.
B) parallel to the plane in the opposite direction as the movement of the box.
C) perpendicular to the plane.
D) vertically.
E) at an angle θ below the inclined plane.
Answer: D
Var: 1

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6) A brick is resting on a rough incline as shown in the figure. The friction force acting on the
brick, along the incline, is

A) zero.
B) equal to the weight of the brick.
C) greater than the weight of the brick.
D) less than the weight of the brick.
Answer: D
Var: 1

7) When a parachutist jumps from an airplane, he eventually reaches a constant speed, called the
terminal speed. Once he has reached terminal speed
A) his acceleration is equal to g.
B) the force of air drag on him is equal to zero.
C) the force of air drag on him is equal to g.
D) his speed is equal to g.
E) the force of air drag on him is equal to his weight.
Answer: E
Var: 1

6.2 Problems

1) A block lies on a horizontal frictionless surface. A horizontal force of 100 N is applied to the
block giving rise to an acceleration of 3.0 m/s2.
(a) Determine the mass of the block.
(b) Calculate the distance the block will travel if the force is applied for 10 s.
(c) Calculate the speed of the block after the force has been applied for 10 s.
Answer: (a) 33 kg (b) 150 m (c) 30 m/s
Var: 1

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2) The following four forces act on a 4.00 kg object:
1 = 300 N east
2 = 700 N north
3 = 500 N west
4 = 600 N south
What is the acceleration of the object?
A) 224 N in a direction 63.4° north of west
B) 300 N in a direction 63.4° north of west
C) 300 N in a direction 26.6° north of west
D) 224 N in a direction 26.6° north of west
E) 2100 N in a direction 26.6° north of west
Answer: D
Var: 1

3) A 50.0-N box is sliding on a rough horizontal floor, and the only horizontal force acting on it
is friction. You observe that at one instant the box is sliding to the right at 1.75 m/s and that it
stops in 2.25 s with uniform acceleration. What magnitude force does friction exert on this box?
A) 3.97 N
B) 8.93 N
C) 38.9 N
D) 50.0 N
E) 490 N
Answer: A
Var: 1

4) A block is on a frictionless horizontal table, on earth. This block accelerates at 1.9 m/ when
a horizontal force is applied to it. The block and table are then set up on the moon where
the acceleration due to gravity is 1.62 m/s2. What is the weight of the block on the moon?
A) 77 N
B) 67 N
C) 58 N
D) 48 N
E) 39 N
Answer: A
Var: 50+

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5) A block is on a frictionless horizontal table, on earth. This block accelerates at 3.6 m/ when
a horizontal force is applied to it. The block and table are then set up on the moon where
the acceleration due to gravity is 1.62 m/ . A horizontal force of 45 N is applied to the block
when it is on the moon. What acceleration does this force impart to the block?
A) 1.8 m/
B) 1.6 m/
C) 2.0 m/
D) 2.2 m/
E) 2.3 m/
Answer: A
Var: 50+

6) A 10,000-kg rocket blasts off from earth with a uniform upward acceleration of 2.00 m/s2 and
feels no air resistance. The upward thrust force its engines must provide during this acceleration
is closest to
A) 20,000 N.
B) 980,000 N.
C) 118,000 N.
D) 78,000 N.
Answer: C
Var: 1

7) 15) Bumpers on cars are not of much use in a collision. To see why, calculate the average
force a bumper would have to exert if it brought a 1200-kg car (a so-called compact model) to a
rest in 15 cm when the car had an initial speed of 2.0 m/s (about 4.5 mph). (Bumpers are built
with springs that compress to provide a stopping force without, hopefully, denting the metal.)
A) 1.8 × 104 N
B) 1.6 × 104 N
C) 5.4 × 104 N
D) 6.5 × 105 N
E) 3.2 × 104 N
Answer: B
Var: 1

8) A box of mass 50 kg is at rest on a horizontal frictionless surface. A constant horizontal force

F then acts on the box and accelerates it to the right. It is observed that it takes the box 6.9
seconds to travel 28 meters. What is the magnitude of the force?
Answer: 59 N
Var: 50+

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9) A 1000-kg car is driving toward the north along a straight horizontal road at a speed of 20.0
m/s. The driver applies the brakes and the car comes to a rest uniformly in a distance of 200 m.
What are the magnitude and direction of the net force applied to the car to bring it to rest?
A) 1.00 N north
B) 10.0 × N south
C) 1.00 × N south
D) 1.00 N south
E) 100 N south
Answer: C
Var: 5

10) A construction worker pulls a box of tools on a smooth horizontal floor with a force of 100 N
in a direction of 37.0° above the horizontal. The mass of the box and the tools is 40.0 kg.
(a) Draw a free-body diagram for the box.
(b) Calculate the acceleration of the box.
(c) How hard does the floor push up on the box?
Answer:
(a) The box is acted on by the force of gravity which points downward toward the center of the
earth. The normal force is directed toward the box perpendicular to the surface of the floor. The
pulling force is directed away from the box at an angle 37.0 degrees above the horizontal.
(b) 2.00 m/s2
(c) 332 N
Var: 1

11) A 60.0-kg person rides in an elevator while standing on a scale. The scale reads 400 N. The
acceleration of the elevator is closest to
A) 3.13 m/s2 downward.
B) 6.67 m/s2 downward.
C) zero.
D) 9.80 m/s2 downward.
E) 6.67 m/s2 upward.
Answer: A
Var: 1

12) A 60.0-kg person rides in elevator while standing on a scale. The elevator is traveling
downward but slowing down at a rate of 2.00 m/s2. The reading on the scale is closest to
A) 589 N.
B) 708 N.
C) 469 N.
D) 120 N.
E) 349 N.
Answer: B
Var: 1

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13) A block is given a very brief push up a 20.0° frictionless incline to give it an initial speed of
12.0 m/s.
(a) How far along the surface of the plane does the block slide before coming to rest?
(b) How much time does it take to return to its starting position?
Answer: (a) 21.5 m (b) 7.16 s
Var: 1

14) A 50.0-kg box rests on a horizontal surface. The coefficient of static friction between the box
and the surface is 0.300 and the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.200. What is the friction force
on the box if
(a) a horizontal 140-N push is applied to it?
(b) a horizontal 175-N push is applied to it?
Answer: (a) 140 N (b) 98.0 N
Var: 1

15) In a shuffleboard game, the puck slides a total of before coming to rest. If the
coefficient of kinetic friction between the puck and the horizontal board is 0.28, what was the
initial speed of the puck?
A) 8.1 m/s
B) 29.0 m/s
C) 6.5 m/s
D) 7.3 m/s
Answer: A
Var: 31

16) A driver in a car traveling at slams on the brakes and skids to a stop. If the
coefficient of friction between the tires and the horizontal road is 0.80, how long will the skid
marks be?
A) 26 m
B) 21 m
C) 33 m
D) 24 m
Answer: A
Var: 27

17) Jason takes off from rest across level water on his jet-powered skis. The combined mass of
Jason and his skis is 75 kg (the mass of the fuel is negligible). The skis have a thrust of 200 N
and a coefficient of kinetic friction on water of 0.10. Unfortunately, the skis run out of fuel after
only 48 s. What is Jason's top speed?
A) 81 m/s
B) 130 m/s
C) 13 m/s
D) 48 m/s
Answer: A
Var: 50+

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18) Jason takes off from rest across level water on his jet-powered skis. The combined mass of
Jason and his skis is 75 kg (the mass of the fuel is negligible). The skis have a thrust of 200 N
and a coefficient of kinetic friction on water of 0.10. Unfortunately, the skis run out of fuel after
only 67 s. How far has Jason traveled when he finally coasts to a stop?
A) 10,000 m
B) 7600 m
C) 5400 m
D) 3800 m
Answer: A
Var: 50+

19) Kieran takes off from rest down a 50 m high, 10° slope on his jet-powered skis. The skis
have a thrust of 280 N parallel to the surface of the slope. The combined mass of skis and Kieran
is 50 kg (the fuel mass is negligible). Kieran's speed at the bottom is 40 m/s. What is the
coefficient of kinetic friction of his skis on snow?
A) 0.47
B) 0.58
C) 0.23
D) 0.29
Answer: A
Var: 34

20) A factory robot drops a 10 kg computer onto a conveyor belt running at 3.1 m/s. The
materials are such that μs = 0.50 and μk = 0.30 between the belt and the computer. How far is the
computer dragged before it is riding smoothly on the belt?
A) 1.6 m
B) 0.98 m
C) 2.3 m
D) 3.0 m
Answer: A
Var: 50+

21) You push downward on a box at an angle 25° below the horizontal with a force of 750 N. If
the box is on a flat horizontal surface for which the coefficient of static friction with the box is
0.76, what is the mass of the heaviest box you will be able to move?
A) 59 kg
B) 68 kg
C) 54 kg
D) 82 kg
Answer: A
Var: 31

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22) A person is dragging a packing crate of mass 100 kg across a rough horizontal floor where
the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.400. He exerts a force F sufficient to accelerate the crate
forward. At what angle above horizontal should his pulling force be directed in order to achieve
the maximum acceleration?
A) 21.8°
B) 27.7°
C) 30°
D) 34.5°
E) 45°
Answer: A
Var: 1

23) A packing crate rests on a horizontal surface. It is acted on by three horizontal forces: 600 N
to the left, 200 N to the right, and friction. The weight of the crate is 400 N. If the 600-N force is
removed, the resultant force acting on the crate is
A) zero.
B) 200 N to the right.
C) 200 N to the left.
D) 400 N to the left.
E) impossible to determine from the information given.
Answer: A
Var: 1

24) A 6.0 kg box slides down an inclined plane that makes an angle of 39° with the horizontal. If
the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.19, at what rate does the box accelerate down the slope?
A) 4.7 m/s2
B) 5.2 m/s2
C) 5.5 m/s2
D) 6.2 m/s2
Answer: A
Var: 50+

25) A 200 g hockey puck is launched up a metal ramp that is inclined at a 30° angle. The
coefficients of static and kinetic friction between the hockey puck and the metal ramp are μs =
0.40 and μk = 0.30, respectively. The puck's initial speed is 63 m/s. What vertical height does the
puck reach above its starting point?
A) 130 m
B) 270 m
C) 200 m
D) 66 m
Answer: A
Var: 50+

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26) A 200 g hockey puck is launched up a metal ramp that is inclined at a 30° angle. The
coefficients of static and kinetic friction between the hockey puck and the metal ramp are μs =
0.40 and μk = 0.30, respectively. The puck's initial speed is 4.9 m/s. What speed does it have
when it slides back down to its starting point?
A) 2.8 m/s
B) 3.5 m/s
C) 4.2 m/s
D) 4.9 m/s
Answer: A
Var: 50+

27) A 4.00-kg block rests on a 30.0° incline as shown in the figure. If the coefficient of static
friction between the block and the incline is 0.700, what magnitude horizontal force F must act
on the block to start it moving up the incline?

A) 34.0 N
B) 51.1 N
C) 54.7 N
D) 84.0 N
E) 76.4 N
Answer: D
Var: 1

28) A box is sliding down an incline tilted at a 12.0° angle above horizontal. The box is initially
sliding down the incline at a speed of 1.50 m/s. The coefficient of kinetic friction between the
box and the incline is 0.340. How far does the box slide down the incline before coming to rest?
A) 0.920 m
B) 2.33 m
C) 1.78 m
D) 0.720 m
E) The box does not stop. It accelerates down the plane.
Answer: A
Var: 5

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29) A 50.0-kg block is being pulled up a 16.0° slope by a force of 250 N which is parallel to the
slope. The coefficient of kinetic friction between the block and the slope is 0.200. What is the
magnitude of the acceleration of the block?
A) 0.528 m/
B) 0.158 m/
C) 0.412 m/
D) 0.983 m/
E) 0.260 m/
Answer: C
Var: 5

30) In the figure, a T-bar ski tow pulls a skier up a hill inclined at 10° above horizontal. The skier
starts from rest and is pulled by a cable that exerts a tension T at an angle of 30° above the
surface of the hill. The mass of the skier is 60 kg and the effective coefficient of kinetic friction
between the skis and the snow is 0.100. What is the maximum tension in the cable if the starting
acceleration is not to exceed 0.400 g?

A) 246 N
B) 366 N
C) 431 N
D) 187 N
E) 535 N
Answer: C
Var: 1

31) A 250-kg crate is on a rough ramp, inclined at 30° above the horizontal. The coefficient of
kinetic friction between the crate and ramp is 0.22. A horizontal force of 5000 N is applied to the
crate, pushing it up the ramp. What is the acceleration of the crate?
A) 8.4 m/s2
B) 10 m/s2
C) 12 m/s2
D) 13 m/s2
E) 3.4 m/s2
Answer: A
Var: 1

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32) A traffic light weighing 100 N is supported by two ropes as shown in the figure. The tensions
in the ropes are closest to

A) 50 N.
B) 56 N.
C) 63 N.
D) 66 N.
E) 83 N.
Answer: E
Var: 1

33) In the figure, a block of mass M hangs at rest. The rope that is fastened to the wall is
horizontal and has a tension off 52 N. The rope that is fastened to the ceiling has a tension of
and makes an angle θ with the ceiling. What is the angle θ?

A) 55°
B) 35°
C) 30°
D) 63°
E) 45°
Answer: A
Var: 50+

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34) The magnitude of the drag force of air resistance on a certain 20.0-kg object is proportional
to its speed. If the object has a terminal speed 80.0 m/s, what is the magnitude of the drag force
on the object when it is falling with a speed 30.0 m/s?
A) 196 N
B) 7.50 N
C) 15.0 N
D) 73.5 N
E) 42.7 N
Answer: D
Var: 1

35) A 30.0-kg object experiences a drag force due to air resistance with a magnitude proportional
to the square of its speed. The object falls with an acceleration of 4.00 m/s2 downward when it is
falling downward at 70.0 m/s. What is its terminal speed?
A) 110 m/s
B) 157 m/s
C) 91.0 m/s
D) 172 m/s
E) 108 m/s
Answer: C
Var: 1

36) A ship is being pulled through a harbor at constant velocity by two tugboats as shown in the
figure. The lines attached to the two tugboats have the same tension of 200,000 N. Each line
makes an angle of 28.0° with the direction the ship is being towed. What is the magnitude of the
drag force due to the water on the ship?

A) 177 × 105 N
B) 1.88 × 105 N
C) 93.9 × 104 N
D) zero
E) 3.53 × 105 N
Answer: E
Var: 1

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37) A 1.20-kg ball is hanging from the end of a rope. The rope hangs at an angle 25.0° from the
vertical when a 15.0 m/s horizontal wind is blowing. If the wind's force on the rope is negligible,
what drag force does the wind exert on the ball?
A) 32.3 N
B) 24.1 N
C) 3.68 N
D) 5.48 N
E) 11.8 N
Answer: D
Var: 1

38) An 80.0-kg object is falling and experiences a drag force due to air resistance. The
magnitude of this drag force depends on its speed, v, and obeys the equation
What is the terminal speed of this object?
A) 6.45 m/s
B) 72.2 m/s
C) 34.2 m/s
D) 12.6 m/s
E) 47.3 m/s
Answer: D
Var: 1

39) An object weighing 4.00 N falls from rest subject to a frictional drag force given by
Fdrag = bv2, where v is the speed of the object and What terminal speed will
this object approach?
A) 1.78 m/s
B) 3.42 m/s
C) 1.15 m/s
D) 2.25 m/s
E) 0.75 m/s
Answer: C
Var: 1

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Another random document with
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balustrades. The rough outline of the case may be said to be a steep
gable, with fantastic carvings above. The central portion stands on a
very high plinth, the middle tower, which is crowned with a phœnix,
standing above much curious carving, has five pipes carried on
“ponts,” and has on each side a double tier of eleven pipes, then an
angular tower, crowned with a lyre and two angels, beyond which is
a flat of seven pipes. All the wood-work is well carved, with a little
gilding judiciously used. On each side of this central portion is a
tower springing from a corbel, at a much lower level than the rest of
the work, so that the tops of the pipes, which are five, standing on
“ponts,” are about level with the tops of the lowest pipes in the centre
of the case. They are crowned with domes, from which dragons
peep, and are surmounted by winged angels bearing trumpets. The
Choir case has three angels on its central tower of seven pipes, on
each side of which are two tiers of small pipes, and then an angular
tower, surmounted by an angel. A wooden gallery joins the Choir
case to the inner angle of the outer towers of the Great case, and a
like gallery joins these towers to the walls of the nave. All this work
overhangs the marble gallery below, and its curved supports are
beautifully carved. The lower gallery contains the usual fittings of an
orchestra, the pipes are quite plain and the leaf of their mouths is
rounded, not sharp as in the Cathedral, or at St. Jacques, and no
carving is introduced between their feet. 1872.
The wood of all these organs is dark, not black, oak, and the
sculpture excellent.
 (Larger)
ST. PAULS ANTWERP
12TH. SEPTR. 1872

BRUGES.
THE CATHEDRAL (St. Sauveur).—On the Choir Screen stands
an elaborately designed organ. Its base is taller than usual, and the
arrangement of pipes somewhat complicated. In the centre is a
tower of seven pipes, with a flat on each side containing two tiers of
pipes. Above the cornice of this work, rises in the centre a tall tower
of seven pipes, crowned with much carved work, and surmounted by
a large figure. On each side is a flat of pipes, with an angel playing
on a trumpet in each corner. On each side of the organ stands a
tower of five large pipes, with elaborate cornices and wings. That on
the south side is surmounted by King David, and that on the north by
St. Cecilia. These towers overhang the case, and are joined to the
centre work by flats of seven pipes. The pipes are gilt in the English
fashion, the front facing the Choir consists simply of panels of carved
open work, with a Choir Organ in front, the pipes of which are
gilt. 1872.
ST. ANNE.—On the Choir Screen stands a little organ, with gilt
pipes and very elaborate carving. 1872.
ST. JACQUES.—On the Choir Screen is a handsome organ,
with good carving. The side facing the Choir shows pipes in its two
end towers only, the rest being filled in with open work tracery. 1872.
ST. JEAN (chapel in the hospital of).—The organ, not a very old
instrument, stands in a second gallery, at the west end of the chapel,
its pipes are gilt, and arranged somewhat in the German manner,
showing a Great and Choir front in one case. 1872.
NOTRE DAME.—There is on the Choir Screen a very curious
early Renaissance organ case, forming the base of the rood. Its
pipes are not gilt, and it has a plain Choir Organ on its eastern
side. 1872.
LES SŒURS DE CHARITÉ (chapel in the convent of).—In the
west gallery is a small organ, standing flush with its front. It consists
of a single flat of bright tin pipes, and the wood-work is painted
white. 1872.

BRUSSELS.
STE. GUDULE.—At the west end is an ugly divided organ case,
with very little work about it. In the front of its gallery is a hanging
Choir Organ, of bad Gothic. On the south side of the Choir, stands a
fair-sized harmonium. 1869.
NOTRE DAME DES VICTOIRES.—A Renaissance organ stands
at the west end, the pipes plain, and the case dirty. It consists of a
centre tower, two curved compartments, and two outer towers,
supported by giants, and set at an angle of 45° with the front. The
Choir Organ in front is very similar in pattern; the upper part of the
Great Organ case has many carvings of musical instruments, &c.,
and a medallion bearing a head in the centre. 1872.

GHENT (Gand).
THE CATHEDRAL (St. Bavon).—A handsome organ stands at
the junction of the north transept with the Choir, which has three
towers with five pipes each; the two outside ones are supported by
satyrs, and crowned with angels holding trumpets. On each side of
the centre tower, are two flats of five pipes each, over which is much
carving, with shields supported by angels. Over the centre tower is a
small three-sided case, containing seven pipes in each
compartment, surmounted with tabernacle work, on which is a figure
on horseback, query, St. Bavon? The key-board of the organ is
behind in a gallery, just under the vaulting of the north aisle of the
Choir, which has a small Choir front facing the east; but I was told
that this was really quite an independent instrument. The arches
under the organ are cased with black and white marble, all the
carving about the case is good, and dates from the seventeenth
century. The case is of oak, but after the fashion of the country,
painted oak colour. I objected to this, but was informed what could I
expect, when they were in the habit of painting imitation marble on
marble. The main case reaches about half-way up the triforium, and
the upper case more than half-way up the clerestory windows. The
tone is good, and from its quality, I should say, has not been much
altered from its original state. At High Mass I heard it very well
played. The soft stops I could hardly hear, on account of the people
perpetually moving in the Church. 1872.
 (Larger)
CATHEDRAL (ST. BAVON) GHENT.
5TH. OCT, 1872.

THE BÉGUINAGE.—At the west end is an organ, not a very

large one, with its Choir Organ planted just in front of it, or else
inserted into the lower part of the case, German fashion. Its quality
was not bad, and was fairly played by one of the Béguines, who was
seated at the back of the instrument. 1872.
THE ENGLISH CHURCH (Temple Protestant).—In the west
gallery is a small, poor-toned organ; it has three towers, the least in
the centre, which, however, stands higher than the others, from the
plinth of the case curving up in the middle. On each side is a flat,
with two tiers of pipes, and the cornice of the centre tower overlaps
those of the other towers, which gives a crowded effect to the
case. 1872.
ST. JACQUES.—The case of the organ, at the west end, is
divided into three parts, the centre one being lower than the
others. 1872.
ST. MICHAEL.—The modern organ at the west end of the
church, is of a peculiar and very ugly design. 1872.
ST. NICOLAS.—At the west end is a modern Gothic organ, the
front of which consists of a gable, with a lofty tower and pinnacle in
the centre. 1872.

LIÉGE.
ST. JACQUES.—At the west end is a very pretty Renaissance
organ. In the centre of the case is a large tower containing seven
pipes, on each side of which is a flat, with a double tier of pipes, then
a flat of four pipes, beyond which are semi-circular endings
containing three pipes, supported by figures holding trumpets, and
surmounted by tabernacle work. The lower part of the case is very
tall, so that from the gallery to the feet of the pipes is nearly half the
height of the instrument. In the front projects the Choir Organ,
supported by a stone bracket. It consists of a central tower of seven
pipes, with much carved work above, supporting a statue of St.
Cecilia, with a flat on each side, and semi-circular ends, filled with
pipes. All the work about this organ is very good, and by some it is
considered the prettiest organ case in existence. 1863.

LOUVAIN.
ST. PIERRE.—The organ stands projecting from the east wall of
the north transept, and fills the space between the clerestory and
half way up the opening into the side aisles. The case consists of a
tower of seven pipes in the centre, with tabernacle work on the top,
crowned with St. Peter. On each side are tall flats, with a semi-
circular pediment, beyond which are semi-circular ends, supported
by brackets. It may be noted that the pipes in the semi-circular ends
are very slender, and their feet are longer than their bodies. The
Choir Organ in front is very similar in design. The carving about the
case and gallery is nice, without being anything particular, and the
tone fair, though rather deficient in power. 1872.

MECHLIN (Malines).
THE CATHEDRAL (St. Rumbold).—The organ, which stands at
the west end, is an old ordinary-looking instrument. In the south aisle
of the Choir is a modern Gothic organ. In the Cathedral of the
Primate of Belgium one might expect that there would be finer
instruments. 1872.
ST. JEAN.—At the west end is a modern Renaissance organ. A
white plaster wall is brought so forward, that it stands flush with the
front of the case, the effect of which is not good. 1872.
 NOTRE-DAME.—In the south transept, over the Choir aisle
arch, stands an organ with its Choir in front, good in tone, and in a
very clean and good condition, so that I fancied it to be a new
instrument. I was, however, told that it was old. The pipes were left
their natural colour, and there was no gilding about the wood-work. It
is a very pretty instrument on a moderate scale. 1872.
 NOTES ON DUTCH ORGANS.

AMSTERDAM.
IEUWE KERK.—At the west end is a large organ, with
double shutters, the lower half of the case being wider
than the upper part. It is painted mahogany colour, as well
as the Choir Organ in front. It is altogether a tasteless
design. A second organ stands at the junction of the nave
with the south transept; it is closed with shutters, and is a very good
picturesque specimen of a small organ, as tasteful as the west organ
is tasteless. 1872.
OUDE KERK.—At the west end, in a marble gallery, stands a
fine organ, the wall behind which is painted black. The case is
bronze colour, with white statues and decorations. The claires-voies
and the bases of the pipes have much gilding, and the mouths of the
pipes are also gilt. It has five towers, the centre and the two outer of
which are circular, the two others are angular. The central tower is
surmounted by a black-faced clock, with white and gold ornaments.
The southern circular tower has a statue of St. John, and the south
angular tower a shield bearing a “ship proper.” The north angular
tower has the arms of the town, and the north circular tower a figure
standing by an altar. The flats between the towers have each three
tiers of pipes, the central tower two tiers, seven pipes in the lower,
and nine in the upper. The angular towers have also two tiers, seven
below and eleven above. The outer towers have seven pipes each.
The Choir Organ has a central tower of seven pipes, with a flat on
each side, containing two tiers of pipes, ten in each; then an angular
tower of seven pipes, with half circles of ten pipes for a finish, above
which are white recumbent figures. On the north side of the Church
is a little organ closed with shutters, on which musical instruments
are painted. 1872.
 (Larger)
OUDE KERK AMSTERDAM.
25TH. SEPTR. 1872.

DELFT.
NIEUWE KERK.—A large organ at the west end, with a Choir
Organ in front, said to have a very fine tone. The case is painted a
light bright pink, and is very tasteless. 1872.
OUDE KERK.—At the west end is a large organ, with its Choir in
front. Both have three towers, the largest in the centre. The pipes
have gilt mouths, and the case is painted light salmon colour. It is a
very similar design to the organ in the Nieuwe Kerk. 1872.

GOUDA.
JANSKERK (St. John’s).—A fine organ with its Choir in front,
painted a cold dark brown colour, stands in a marble gallery, at the
west end of the Church. It is surrounded by a plaster curtain or
mantle, coloured blue, with a dull red lining. It has three towers; the
largest in the centre has seven pipes, and is crowned with two
angels, one of whom plays on a harp. On each side of the centre
tower is a flat, with angels over them, the one playing a flute, the
other a triangle; beyond which are angular compartments, joining the
two outer towers, which are surmounted by angels bearing trumpets.
Under the pipe-work stands coats-of-arms, blazoned and gilded. The
front of the organ, which curves forward, is supported by four
Corinthian columns, with gilt capitals. The centre tower of the Choir
Organ has nine pipes, with a coat-of-arms over, supported by lions,
on each side of which is a flat of pipes, beyond which are angular
towers and curved ends. A large white and gold bracket supports this
portion of the instrument. The balustrade of the gallery is wood-work,
painted of the same colour as the organ, with coats-of-arms
blazoned thereon, and having a handsome gilded cresting. The
mouths of the pipes are gilt, and there is much gilding about the
case, &c. The marbles of the gallery are grey and dove-
coloured. 1872.
 (Larger)
JANS KERK GOUDA
19TH. SEPTR. 1872.

HAARLEM.
GROOTEKERK (St. Bavon).—This famous organ stands in a
marble gallery at the west end of the Church, but the effect of its
grand case is somewhat marred, by the Dutch want of taste, in the
way the case is painted. The wall behind the instrument is painted a
glossy black (the rest of the Church being whitewashed). The
statues, coats-of-arms, &c., on the top of the instrument, are painted
bright white, their bases grey marble, and the remainder of the case
is painted with a light tint of dull pinkish drab. The mouths of the
pipes and the carving at their tops and feet, are all brightly gilt. The
support of the Choir Organ is bronze, with a large and two small
gilded angels on it. Under the gallery is a white marble allegory,
which I will not attempt to explain, and the entire top of the case,
except the outer towers, is crowned with a mass of carving, with the
arms of the town supported by lions. The central tower consists of
two tiers, the lower of seven, the upper of nine pipes. On each side
is a narrow flat, divided into five compartments, the next but one to
the top being occupied by a statue playing on a musical instrument,
and the rest filled with small pipes. Next are angular towers, with
their pipes arranged in the same mode as the centre, beyond which
is a flat, containing two tiers of pipes, above which is a niche with a
statue. Beyond this are the two outer towers of seven great pipes
each, the feet of which commence at a much lower level than the
rest of the pipes, so that the summit of these towers is not so high as
the rest of the instrument. That on the south side is crowned with
King David, and that on the north with a figure, but whom it
represents I never could find out. Outside the great tower, on tall
pedestals, stand angels with trumpets. The Choir Organ has its
tallest tower of seven pipes in the centre; a flat of three tiers of pipes
on each side; then an angular tower of seven pipes, and curved
ends. These last are surmounted by sitting figures. The balustrade of
the gallery has some elaborate carved open work above it, and its
supporting columns are of some sort of dark marble. The general
tone of the instrument is very good, but the vox humana is bad. The
player, though he could hardly be called first-rate, was very skilful in
showing off the quality of the instrument. All the fittings about the
key-board are clumsy; the black keys are topped with tortoiseshell.
The cornices of the towers greatly overhang, but the flats between
being small in proportion to the towers, and the intricacy of the
general forms, prevent the usual ill effect. 1872.
 (Larger)
ST. BAVON HAARLEM.
23RD. SEPTR. 1872.

HERTOGENBOSCH (Bois-le-Duc).
ST. JANSKIRK.—The organ case at the west end of this church
is perhaps the finest in Europe. The oak wood-work is very dark, and
profusely carved, without any gilding, and is in a good state of polish.
The top of the case from the ground is about one hundred feet. The
pipes, which, when I saw them, were in very bright condition, have
their mouths gilded. The centre pipes of each tower have a pattern
beaten upon their surface, and are gilt, with the exception of the
lower one on the centre tower, which is only partially gilt. The centre
tower, which is surmounted by a clock, under which is the Dance of
Death, or some such subject, has two tiers of pipes, seven below
and eleven above. On each side of this is a flat, divided into two
tiers, which contain, in the lower compartment, what may be called
five double pipes, or perhaps, more accurately speaking, it has ten
pipes, with their feet joined together, the heads of the lower ones
standing on the plinth, and the upper ones in their usual position. I
could not see how these pipes were supplied with wind, and I have a
strong idea that they are dummies. In the upper part were six double
pipes arranged in the same manner, and above are niches, figures,
columns, and pediments. Next come two angular towers, with a
lower tier of seven, and an upper tier of eleven pipes. And to finish
the organ, instead of the great towers, as at Haarlem, are two large
flats corbelled out from the sides of the instrument, containing five
large pipes, and sloping towards the wall behind. These are crowned
with fantastic pyramids. The Choir Organ in front has over its centre
tower, which contains five pipes, a figure of St. John with his Eagle,
on each side of which is a flat with seven small pipes, in its lower
compartment, and in its upper compartment six double pipes, similar
to those in the Great Organ. Beyond this, is an angular tower of
seven pipes, with a vase on its summit, and a small return
compartment of pipes, joining the case to the gallery, which is of
elaborately carved oak, and supported by two grey stone pillars. I did
not hear the instrument, but was told it was nearly as good as
Haarlem. 1872.