Unit IG2: Risk assessment

Part 1: Background

My organisation is Habib Rafiq Ltd company which is based in Multan, Pakistan and employ 206 workers. Habib Rafiq Ltd company is a medium
sized construction company. The company has been working in Aviation, Infrastructure, Housing, Design and environmental areas other than its
strong standing in industrial projects for Power, Roads, and office Buildings. HRL now enjoys the reputation of being a trend setter in the ever-
expanding arena of housing and infrastructure in the last 15 years and has earned the biggest name in real estate development of housing and
infrastructure, construction of power houses. The whole sites are working from 7am to 4pm with one-hour rest break on weekdays and close at
Friday.
This risk assessment covered a whole construction site of an MEPCO office building with office area the project manager and construction
manager are responsible for HSE who reports directly to Managing Director.

Firstly, I started looking at ILO codes and practicing related to constructional work and I also visited the British HSE’s website and gathers a lot of
information about health and safety practices and hazards and consequences that can be produced from them. It was very helpful in conducting my
risk assessment.
After that, I went at the constructional site. Here, I asked the questions to the workers that were working there. I gathered information from them and
I assessed that it would not enough if I visually observed them. Like the workers was not using harness during work at height, even they was not
aware from the serious consequences from them and they don’t know that how to use personal protective equipment.
I also find that they people couldn’t get proper training and they had no idea what kind of accidents could occur. I checked their records related to
illness, absentees, and accidents of last six month. Most of the accidents repeated due to lack of trainings and awareness and less use of personal
protective equipment.

Learner number:00504868 Learner name: Shahzad Afzal Page 1 of 13

 Part 2: Risk Assessment

Organisation name: Habib Rafiq LTD

Date of assessment: 22 Nov 2019
Scope of risk assessment: All construction site

Hazard category Who might be What are you already doing? What further controls/actions Timescales
and hazard harmed and are required? for further
how? actions to Responsible person’s
be job title
completed
(within …)
Hazardous All site workers that 1) Separate from non- 1) Properly labelled them with 1 day Store manager
substance are working in the hazardous material and a warning signs on it
site. barrier is available around
Storage of hazardous Contact with skin it to avoid the mixing of 2) Separate area should be
substance such as can cause materials built for the safe storage of One month Construction manager
Deasil and petrol dermatitis, slip 2) Liquid is in properly hazardous material with
hazard and other labelled containers proper precautions, care
acute and chronic and signage system.
affects e.g skin
cancer.
3) Provide at least Four metal One month Finance Director
tray and absorbent
material to clean spills

4) Provide trainings to those One weak Project manger

workers who are
undertaking these
activities

Learner number:00504868 Learner name: Shahzad Afzal Page 2 of 13

Hazard category Who might be What are you already doing? What further controls/actions Timescales
and hazard harmed and are required? for further
how? actions to Responsible person’s
be job title
completed
(within …)
Electricity Any site worker 1. All worker are trained 1. Provide adequate Signage One day Construction manager
who are using
Damaged portable Damaged 2. Trained first aider are 2. Provide Proper grounding
equipment in Insulation of available, system that can eliminate
workplace portable unwanted voltage and One month Project manger
equipment and reduce the risk of
Working on 3. Maintenance program is electrocution
energized held annually
electrical 3. Provide trainings to all site One week Construction manger
conductors and 4. Workers are working with workers for emergency
circuit parts, PPEs procedure related to
including voltage electricity incidents
testing
4. Training program to be One week Project manger
They can harm be setup to report it
likely to cause immediately damaged
issues due to insulation
electric shock is
burn heart 5. provide suitable PPEs One week Project manger
fibrillation and
death
Fire All site worker and 1. Suitable fire extinguisher 1. Use the correct extension One week Project manger
visitor is already available on the cord designed for heavy-
Inadequate Wiring Can be burn or site duty use
and Overloaded smoke inhalation
Circuits injuries. In most 2. Ensure the good One week Construction manager
dangerous housekeeping
scenario death can
be possible 3. Ensure the storage of One week Construction manager
flammable liquid away
from overloaded circuits

Learner number:00504868 Learner name: Shahzad Afzal Page 3 of 13

Hazard category Who might be What are you already doing? What further controls/actions Timescales
and hazard harmed and are required? for further
how? actions to Responsible person’s
be job title
completed
(within …)

4. Store and dispose of One month Construction manager

flammables or hazardous and project manager
chemicals properly

Work equipment’s Operator of bench 1. Worker/operator is trained 1. Restriction of operating to One week Construction manager
top grinder for 2. Worker have PPE for eye trained operators only.
Bench mounted metals in the work and Hear protection
circular saw is use shop, Abrasion 2. Provide information and One week Construction manager
without safety guard with abrasive instruction.
` wheel, noise,
electricity, 3. Routine Maintenance One month Construction manager
vibration, program should be setup and project manager
entanglement with and portable appliance
the spindle, which testing
can cause serious
personal injury that 4. Fixed guard should be One month Construction manager
leads to death available on motor and the and project manager
blade of circular saw

5. Provide Extraction One month Construction manager

ventilation system and project manager

Working at height Workers that are 1. Safe access and egress 1. Scaffold should be One month Construction manager
working on the is providing inspected before use
Workers are working unsafe scaffolding
to erection of

Learner number:00504868 Learner name: Shahzad Afzal Page 4 of 13

Hazard category Who might be What are you already doing? What further controls/actions Timescales
and hazard harmed and are required? for further
how? actions to Responsible person’s
be job title
completed
(within …)
external wall of the and the workers or 2. Correct provision and 2. Use of working platforms, One week Construction manager
building the general public handling of tools and guardrail and toe board
that are working or materials
passing under the
scaffolding. 3. Personal protective 3. Provide fall arrest system One week Construction manager
Serious injuries equipment’s such as such as debris net and project manager
like Bone fracture safety hamlet’s and
Neck or spinal harness
injury due to
worker falling from
hight
Death or brain
damage due to
falling heavy load
on to the people
that are working
below

House keeping All site workers 1. Materials is stored in 1. Maintain walkways free One month Construction manager
• tripping over loose good way that does not from debris, including solid
objects on floors, create hazards for and liquid waste
stairs and workers
platforms. 2. storage areas clean and 2. Keep working surfaces Construction manager
• slipping on greasy, organized dry, when possible One week
wet or dirty
surfaces 3. Clean up any spills or Construction manager
leaks immediately to One week and project manager
eliminate any hazard of
slip, or fall injuries

Learner number:00504868 Learner name: Shahzad Afzal Page 5 of 13

Hazard category Who might be What are you already doing? What further controls/actions Timescales
and hazard harmed and are required? for further
how? actions to Responsible person’s
be job title
completed
(within …)
4. Inspection of workshops One month Construction manager
for housekeeping issues
and risk assessment for
housekeeping.

Safe Movement of All the workers on 1. Make sure visibility is 1. Provide the Separate routs One month Construction manager
people and vehicle site good, lights are adequate for pedestrians and
• Injury due to and working vehicles by placing
People being hit or collision can be 2. Pedestrian walkways are barriers
run over by vehicles Head Injuries, clearly marked with zebra
and Broken Ribs, crossing line 2. Give the separate site
Objects falling off Broken Bones and 3. signage is provided for entrance and building for One week Construction manager
workplace vehicle may could be pedestrians pedestrian and vehicles
death 4. workplace speed limit is
set 10kmh 3. Provision of audio able
reversing alarms and One month Construction manager
flashing lights and project manager

4. Avoid reversing, A one-

way system with drive One month Construction manager
through loading/unloading
areas

5. Segregate light and heavy

vehicle routes ahead main Construction manager
entrance gate with One month and project manager

Learner number:00504868 Learner name: Shahzad Afzal Page 6 of 13

Hazard category Who might be What are you already doing? What further controls/actions Timescales
and hazard harmed and are required? for further
how? actions to Responsible person’s
be job title
completed
(within …)
separate roads and use
safety signs

Noise Working near the 1. A noise assessment is 1. Inspect the noise One week Construction manager
High Noise was high noise can carried out last two year generating parts and
being produced from cause Tinnitus, ago carryout maintenance
the running generator NIHL (Noise 2. Workers are trained work.
induced hearing annually 2. Provide hearing protection
loss, loss of and enforce use One week Construction manager
hearing and and project manager
temporary 3. Insulate the walls, roof,
threshold. doors of generator shed One month Construction manager
with sound proof and project manager
materials.
4. enclosed area should be
setup for operation Construction manager
One month and project manager
5. ensure that worker should
not be working for long
time in Noisy environment One week Construction manager

6. Health surveillance One month Construction manager

and project manager

Learner number:00504868 Learner name: Shahzad Afzal Page 7 of 13

Hazard category Who might be What are you already doing? What further controls/actions Timescales
and hazard harmed and are required? for further
how? actions to Responsible person’s
be job title
completed
(within …)
Hazardous All site worker can 1. Dust mask is provided 1. Maintenance programme One week Construction manager
substance expose with should be setup and project manager
cement dust and 2. Dilution ventilation is
Cement dust can cause available but not in 2. Setup the monitoring One week Construction manager
working system to ensure the use
of mask

Health Welfare and Heat stress, heat 1. Chairs are available but 1. Designate a special room Two Construction manager
work environment stroke, rain can the mostly chairs are for attendance purpose months and Project manger
affect the workers. uncomfortable with sufficient lighting and
No seating No roof for shadow 2. Fan is available but not ventilation.
arrangement for or protection in working position. 2.
office helpers/peons against rain over 3. Install fibber roof over the One month Construction manager
outside offices, they employees’ attendance area table. and Project manger
are also exposed to attendance area
hot environment. near office gate 4. Provide air-coolers, mist One month Construction manager
that can cause fans to attendance staff, and Project manger
Heat stress, heat install fibber umbrellas
stroke, muscle
cramps, excessive
sweating.

Vibration Worker that are 1. All hand held tools 1. Provide suitable PPE to One month Construction manager
using like grinder are control the risk of HAVs and Project manger
Too much vibration grinder/sander Maintained
due to Grinder and Due to the too properly 2. Ensure that workers One week Construction manager
sander machine much vibration should use gloves during
worker can expose 2. Worker are trained work
by HAVS, for using hand
blanching, loss of held tools

Learner number:00504868 Learner name: Shahzad Afzal Page 8 of 13

Hazard category Who might be What are you already doing? What further controls/actions Timescales
and hazard harmed and are required? for further
how? actions to Responsible person’s
be job title
completed
(within …)
tight touch and 3. Provide the health One month Construction manager
bone cysts in surveillance programme and Project manger
finger and wrists for effected workers.

Fire All site workers Smoking area is available with 1. Provide information, One month Construction manager
Intense smoking might be harmed proper signage instruction and training to
activity in office and due to fire and office staff.
workplace effect on the 2. Re-issue the circular about One week Construction manager
health of non- smoking rules in the
smokers. And organization.
which can lead to 3. Enforce the smoking rules One month Project manager
burn damage to through strict management
property and commitment and
death. enforcement actions
against violators. Use
prohibition signs inside
workplaces

Health Welfare and All site worker can 1. Remove the unhygienic One day Construction manager
work environment be harmed due to filters and supply water
drinking un clean from alternative source.
Dirty and insufficient water which can 2. Change the filters of One week Construction manager
1. Water filters are available
toilets for subordinate cause Cholera filtration plants and inspect
in store
staff in office Typhoid, Guinea the water coolers.
premises/building. worm disease 3. Install RO plant for One month Construction manager
workers and test the water and Project manger
samples for foreseeable
diseases.

Learner number:00504868 Learner name: Shahzad Afzal Page 9 of 13

Hazard category Who might be What are you already doing? What further controls/actions Timescales
and hazard harmed and are required? for further
how? actions to Responsible person’s
be job title
completed
(within …)

Learner number:00504868 Learner name: Shahzad Afzal Page 10 of

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 Part 3: Prioritise three actions and justification for the selection

The action that I priorities are:

1. Separate area should be built for the safe storage of hazardous material with proper precautions, care and signage system.( hazard
category is Hazardous material )

2. Fixed guard should be available on motor and the blade of circular saw hazard category is works equipment )

3. Provide fall arrest system such as debris net (hazard category is work at height)

There is a need for maintaining a moral code within our society. Without it, employers can be tempted to treat the health and safety of the
workforce as being of lower importance than financial profit. Moral reasons are based on the concept of an employer owing a duty of
reasonable care to his or her employees. A person does not expect to risk life and limb, or physical health, as a condition of employment.
Society expects every employer to demonstrate a correct attitude to health and safety to his or her workforce. It is totally unacceptable to
place employees in situations where their health and safety is at risk. Each and every person who leaves his home for his work in the
morning should come back to his home in evening in good health. These thoughts only get us goose bumps. This is th e only reason that why
it is important to create a safe working environment

The “duty of care” is seen in the Pakistan civil law judgments. The Pakistan Civil law as well as UK’s Health and Safety at Work, etc. Act
1974 (HSWA), and Regulations made under it, follows a long list of legal enactments that reinforce the duty of care.

Pakistan civil law and Pakistan labour law also have introduced their own legal duties regarding the protection of workers from harm and
where this is not the case adoption of other countries’ health and safety laws as best practice is common.

There are strong legal reasons for employers to manage risk:

• Preventive – enforcement notices (improvement or prohibition) can be issued by enforcement inspectors.

• Punitive – where the criminal courts impose fines and imprisonment for breaches of legal duties. These punishments can be given
to the company or to individuals within the company.

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 • Compensatory – where employees are able to sue in the civil courts for compensation.

As has been explained accidents and ill-health are costly (sick leave, first aid , worker sick pay loss of damage product ) and the indirect
costs (Lost production Damaged plant Retraining Increased insurance premiums Investigation costs Damaged reputation) involved are
often substantially more than direct costs. The financial burden placed on employers is often a key factor in the ownership and development
of safety management systems that will help to reduce the costs of failure and sub-standard practice at work.

If the any accident or injury occurs due to this public image and good reputation can be damage that can cause the loss
of many contracts and customers.

Probabilities and Consequence :

1)The likelihood of the accidents and injuries due to Storage of hazardous substance such as Deasil and petrol is very high and the
consequences are also very high due to this are all worker that are working in the site can be harmed due to Contact with skin can cause
dermatitis, slip hazard and other acute and chronic affects e.g skin cancer and also can cause the reason of Fire which leads to burn nd the
most worst scenario is fatalities
2) The likelihood of accidents and injuries due to the lack of fixed guards on the bench mounted circular saw is very high in the workshop
because almost 5 to 7 hours, workers are working on the bench mounted circular saw and the consequences are also very high due to
unavailability of fixed guard Operator of bench top grinder for metals in the work shop can be injured by Abrasion with abrasive wheel, noise,
electricity, vibration, entanglement with the spindle, which can cause serious personal injury that leads to death
3) The likelihood of injury and accident due to unsafe scaffolding is very high because and the workers or the general public that are working
or passing under the scaffolding. Serious injuries like Bone fracture Neck or spinal injury due to worker falling from height. Death or brain
damage due to falling heavy load on to the people that are working below

Controlling the risk

1) To control the risk of storage of hazardous substance such as deasil and petrol can be by Properly labelled them with warning signs on
it and Separate area should be built for the safe storage of hazardous material with proper precautions, care and signage system.
Provide at least four metal tray and absorbent material to clean spills and Provide trainings to those workers who are undertaking these
activities.
2) To control the risk of accident and injuries due to lack of fixed guards on the bench mounted circular saw can be reduce by reducing
the no of likelihood by Restriction of operating to trained operators only and Provide information and instruction to the worker that how
to work on the bench mounted circular saw and Routine Maintenance program should be setup and portable appliance testing ,Fixed
guard should be available on motor and the blade of circular saw Provide Extraction ventilation system
3) To control the risk of accidents due to unsafe scaffolding around the external wall can be reduce the by either reduce the likelihood or
reduce the consequences by Use of working platforms, guardrail and toe board Provide fall arrest system such as debris net and
Scaffold should be inspected before use. These actions and control measure will put the high impact on the reducing the risks.

Learner number:00504868 Learner name: Shahzad Afzal Page

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Part 4: Review, communicate and check

Company has a policy to review his all risk assessment after one year but I set the review date after 6 month at 22 MAY 2020

I meet the project manager and agree on that responsibility to resolve the issues and manage agreed actions lies with management so you
have to take the action which I suggest in my risk assessment .I also provide the summery of my risk assessment and main finding of this
report through E-mail to construction manager to include the next toolbox talk.
Through Latter I send my Risk assessment finding to coordinators and supervisors and workers to be reserved for the issue of major importance
to change in personal work practise. And a summary of this risk assessment and the actions which I suggest in my report is also posted to
general notice board that all workers and supervisors can read easily.

I am always making my diary before 10 days of completed my action as a reminder that keeps me up-to-date. Then I asked to responsible
person to check action immediately in contrary of each action. If the action is not completed at given time then I will find the reason that what
are the issues or problems are created behind this action. Like, for example, if a reason is financial problem or unavailability of resources,
then I will request to the project manager that kindly provide me some extra resources to manage the task action in completed time. Those
actions that are late already more than six months , they will be forward to the Managing Director through project manager .

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