Communalism

• Communalism is one of the most complex problems that India has

been facing.

• Communalism is an ideology based on the belief that society is

divided into religious communities whose interests differ and are
opposed to each other and hence antagonistic in nature.
• In other words, it is a state of consciousness which primarily draws
upon certain assumptions of distinct cultural identity for members
professing the same religion.
• This is generated when individuals belonging to one religion develop
excessive affinity to their religion and hatred towards other religions.

• This kind of feeling promotes religious fundamentalism and

fanaticism (excessive intolerance of opposing views) and proves to be
dangerous for the unity and integrity of the country.
• There have been many communal riots in various parts of
the country, inflicting immense sufferings on the people.

• Cases: