Lesson 2: The Humanities and the

Filipino Personhood (Pagkatao)

Prepared by: Jogie Marie C. Lenaugo
Objectives of the Lesson

At the end of the lesson, students must have:

• compared and contrast the Western concept of

humanities with the Filipino notion of personhood or
pagkatao;
• identified and described the Filipino art or craft and
how it reflected the Filipino world view and
characteristics.
 THE HUMANITIES AND THE FILIPINO
PERSONHOOD
• Filipino concept of humanism is strongly
associated with pagpapakatao or the
process of becoming human. The core
of Filipino personhood is kapwa. This
notion of a “shared Self” extends the I to
include the Other. It bridges the Magsasaka by V. Manansala

deepest individual recess of a person

with anyone.
Visual Arts Performing Arts Linguistic
•Painting •Music •Literature
•Sculpture •Dance
•Architecture •Drama

7 Major Arts in Western Civilization

 • Architecture
• Dramatic Arts
• Films
• Music
• Dance
• Visual Arts
• Literary Arts

7 Arts
Pitong Sining (1990) by Roberto Villanueva
 Humanitas
HUMANITIES

• “Pagpapakatao”
• “Mula sa pagkatao”
• “tao”
Pagkatao and
Katauhan
(According to Dr. Prospero R. Covar)
Katauhan Pagkatao
• Biological process • Cultural process
(bayolohikal na (prosesong kultural)
proseso)
• Filipino Personhood
• Englist translation: (pagiging taong
humanity Pilipino)

• Accdg to Miranda:
humanhood

PAGPAPAKATAO
Manuggul Jar
Manunggul
Cave, Lipuun Pt.,
Palawan
895-775 BC

How does a human being

become a Filipino?
 “Ang banga ay may labas, loob,
at ilalim. Gayundin naman ang
kaluluwa ng tao. Sisidlan na
banga. Ang laman nito ay
kaluluwa. Sa ilalim tumatahan
ang kaluuwa kaniig ang budhi”
(Covar, 1993).

Manuggul Jar
Manunggul
Cave, Lipuun Pt.,
Palawan
895-775 BC
THE HUMANITIES IN
FILIPINO CONCEPT
• In the study of Humanities, as
Pagpapakataoo, you would discover
and realize your identity as a Filipino.

• According to Felipe del Leon Jr.

(2011) in Defining Filipinos Through
Art, the arts cannot be isolated from
other social and cultural
phenomena, and are the most lucid
mirrors of social consciousness.
A mural painting from Iloilo City

A mural painting along Naguilian Soil Painting by the

Road, Baguio City Talaandig Artists
 Bulul, rice god of Ifugao

Bukog, 2013
Nunelucio Alvarado
Pastillas pabalat of Bulacan T'nalak weaving of T'boli dream weavers
Filipino
Humanism..
bridges the deepest
individual recess of a person
with anyone. Thus, the
Filipino self-expression does
not exist in isolation and like
art it is expressed,
communicated, and
experienced.
Do you have any questions?