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FEM Modelling of Lateral-Torsional Buckling using Shell and Solid Elements

Presentation · June 2020

DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.34435.94248

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Priyansh Jain
Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology
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 Presentation

Introduction FEM Modelling of Lateral-Torsional Buckling

Hypothesis
using Shell and Solid Elements
Simulation

Conclusion
Jan Valesa, Tudor-Cristian Stan
References

Priyansh Jain - B.Tech 3rd Year

Dept. of Aerospace Engineering

Indian Institute of Space science and Technology

Thiruvananthapuram

1 / 21
 Introduction

Presentation

Introduction

Hypothesis The paper describes two methods of FEM modelling of

Simulation I-section beams loaded by bending moments.
Conclusion
Series of random realizations with initial imperfections
References
following the first eigenmode of lateral-torsional buckling
were created.
This paper is to carries out a stochastic analysis of
load-carrying capacity of steel beams subjected to bending.

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 I - Beams - IPE200

Presentation

A series of simply supported IPE200 beams are analyzed

Introduction
with respect to lateral-torsional buckling.
Hypothesis The analyses are performed for three values of
Simulation non-dimensional slenderness: 0.3, 0.6 and 1.2.
Conclusion
The geometrical imperfection has been e0 = L/1000, a
References
choice based on recommendations from [5].
Which implies that all beams of the same length have the
same geometrical imperfections.

3 / 21
 Table of contents

Presentation

Introduction 1 Introduction
Hypothesis

Simulation
2 Hypothesis
Conclusion

References
3 Simulation

4 Conclusion

5 References

4 / 21
 Lateral -Torsional Buckling (LTB)

Presentation
It is a stability phenomenon that occurs when an
unrestrained member is subjected to moment loads.
Introduction Beams are simply supported with fork-end boundary
Hypothesis conditions and they are loaded by bending moments M on
Simulation both ends. This represents a case of pure bending.
Conclusion Here, three phenomenon occurs simultaneously :
References Vertical deflection (yz - plane)
Lateral deflection (xz - plane)
Twisting (along z-axis)

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 Lateral -Torsional Buckling (LTB)

Presentation

Introduction

Hypothesis

Simulation

Conclusion

References

6 / 21
 Warping

Presentation

Introduction
It is defined as the out-of-plane deformations associated
Hypothesis
with torsion.
Simulation It is not observed in circular cross-sections.
Conclusion
Majority of warping is observed in the flanges.
References
The boundary condition on the ends allows warping.

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 Mathematical Model

Presentation Torsion Equation : MT orsion = MSt.venent + MW arping

Introduction MT orsion = (GJ)φ0 − (ECw )φ000 (1)

Hypothesis where, J is torsion resisting constant and Cw is warping
Simulation constant (Iy h2 /4).
Conclusion
Lateral Deflection Equation :
References
Mo φ = −(EIy )u00 (2)

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 Mathematical Model

Presentation
The combination of the above effects lead to the
Lateral Torsional differential equation. [6]
Introduction

Hypothesis Mo2
Simulation
(ECw )φIV − (GJ)φ00 + ( )φ = 0 (3)
EIy
Conclusion

References For a constant moment (Mo ) throughout the beam, we have a

simplified solution for the above 4th order differential equation.
φ(z) = ksin(πz/Lb ) , where k is the twist at mid-span and Lb
is the unbraced length.
Finally the moment required for lateral torsional buckling is
given by:
π
q
Mo = EIy GJ − (πE/Lb )2 Iy Cw (4)
Lb

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 Imperfection Model

Presentation
The analysis is carried out by using geometrically and
materially nonlinear imperfect analyses (GMNIA) so the
Introduction
effects of all initial imperfections can be taken into
Hypothesis
account.
Simulation

Conclusion The initial out-of-straightness imperfection is designed

References according to the first eigenmode of buckling.

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 Presentation

These imperfections are also assumed to be affine to the

Introduction deformed shape and to be shaped in sine wave form:
Hypothesis νo = aνo sin(πx/L) and φo = aφo sin(πx/L)
Simulation where aνo and aφo are amplitudes given as,
Conclusion
eo
References aνo = hπ 2 EIz
(5)
1+ 2Mcr L2

π 2 EIz
aφo = aνo (6)
Mcr L2
where, Mcr is the elastic critical moment at lateral beam
buckling and the size of geometrical imperfection is
eo = L/1000. [5]

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 Residual Stress

Presentation A linear, self-equilibrating residual stress distribution is used in

the FE models, included through an initial thermal loading
Introduction step. The temperature change ∆T is given by,
Hypothesis
−σR
Simulation ∆T = (7)
Conclusion
Eαt
References

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 Table of contents

Presentation

Introduction 1 Introduction
Hypothesis

Simulation
2 Hypothesis
Conclusion

References
3 Simulation

4 Conclusion

5 References

13 / 21
 ABAQUS Model (Shell Element)

Presentation

The beams are modelled using the general purpose S4

Introduction
shell element. It element has 4 corner nodes with 6
Hypothesis
degrees of freedoms.
Simulation The end boundary conditions of both ends of the beam
Conclusion with the below kinematic constraints are given as
References Uy = Uz = Rx = 0 at the central web node.

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 ANSYS Model (Solid Element)

Presentation
The solid elements are modelled using the element
SOLID185. It is an 8-node homogeneous structural solid
Introduction element that is suitable for 3D modelling of solid
Hypothesis structures.
Simulation
The pure bending moments M on both ends are applied as
Conclusion

References
a surface load in the form of pressure p = M z/Iy .

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 Solid Element Results (ABAQUS)

Presentation

Introduction

Hypothesis

Simulation

Conclusion

References

Eigen Value (1st Mode Shape) Static Riks Analysis 16 / 21

 Solid Element Results (ABAQUS)

Presentation

Introduction

Hypothesis
Slenderness Eigen Value
Simulation
1.2 1.7447
Conclusion 0.6 7.0922
References 0.3 1.6524
Slenderness Critical LPF
1.2 0.896427
0.6 0.376107
0.3 1.44671

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 Solid Element Results (ABAQUS)

Presentation

Introduction

Hypothesis

Simulation

Conclusion

References

Slenderness Critical Moment (Mcr )

0.3 44.119
0.6 49.229
1.2 28.965

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 Shell Element Results (ABAQUS)

Presentation

The Eigen Value Buckling Analysis was done successfully but

Introduction the Non - Linear Static Riks method did not produce results.
Hypothesis

Simulation

Conclusion

References

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 Conclusion

Presentation
A stochastic analysis of load-carrying capacity of steel
beams subjected to bending was carried out.
Introduction The correlation among both models, is almost 1.
Hypothesis There are some undesirable effects associated with shell
Simulation elements,
Conclusion 1) The material overlap at the web-flange junction.
References 2) Problematic modelling of varying thickness of a
cross-section, while solid elements eliminate these effects.
Both approaches allow the modelling of the effects of
residual stresses.

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 References

Presentation
1 Jan Valesa, Tudor-Cristian Stan, FEM Modelling of
Lateral-Torsional Buckling using Shell and Solid Elements
Introduction

Hypothesis
2 Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures - Part 1-1: General
Simulation
rules and rules for buildings
Conclusion 3 N.S.Trahair, M.A. Bradford, D.A. Nethercot and L.
References Gardner, The Behaviour and Design of Steel Structures to
EC3 - Fourth edition - Chapter 6
4 Abaqus / CAE User’s Guide
5 N. Boissonnade and H. Somja, Influence of Imperfections
in FEM Modelling of Lateral Torsional Buckling, Proc.
Annu. Stab. Conf., pp. 115, 2012.
6 CE 414 Lecture 32: Lateral Torsional Buckling and Cb
(2017.04.17)
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