CONCLUDING SENTENCES

It is the 27)__________ sentence of a paragraph, and its purpose is to bring the paragraph to
a 28)________ conclusion. Sometimes it is difficult for writers to come up with this last
sentence, so studying many examples of good concluding sentences is helpful. There are four
kinds of 29)________ sentences:

1. 30)___________________: summarizes the main points of the paragraph. Although

it may be very similar to the 31)__________ ________________, it should include
significant ideas from the supporting sentences.
2. 32)___________________: provides advice, proposition, or action to take about the
main topic and to persuade the reader.
3. 33)___________________: clarifies the viewpoint of the writer or other sources
considering the given reasons presented in the paragraph.
4. 34)___________________: considers the logical hypothesis of a topic proposing a
result, impact, or outcome.

Sometimes a concluding statement does a 35)_________________ of these options.

PARAGRAPHS: TOPIC,
IN SUMMARY, … SUPPORTING, AND CONCLUDING
SENTENCES

A paragraph is a distinct section of writing

covering 1)_____ _______ and a purpose.
It usually contains more than one sentence,
and it is determined by the 2)_______ and the
3)___________.
The perfect paragraph starts with a 4)______
sentence, then has 5)___________ sentences
and ends with a 6)_____________ sentence.
PARAGRAPH FEATURES A GOOD TOPIC SENTENCE
From word to essay Five features of a good topic sentence
A word represents an idea and it is composed of one or more letters. Then, writers use 1. It controls or 18) ____________ the whole paragraph: when you read it, you know
7)______________, a collection of words that expresses a complete thought; a sentence what to expect in the paragraph.
usually consists of a 8)_________ and a verb and can be combined into a paragraph. 2. A good topic sentence is not a 19) _____________ ___________that everyone
Finally, 9) _______________ can be combined into an essay or other types of text. accepts as true: avoid using general facts.
3. A good topic sentence is specific: make your topic sentence more
20)_________________ and not too general.
Four main characteristics 4. A good topic sentence is not too specific: avoid sentences with many details in which
there is nothing else to say.
2. All of the sentences in a 5. A good topic sentence has controlling ideas: they are words of phrases that help guide
1. It has a topic sentence that
paragraph are about one the 21) _______________ of ideas in the paragraph.
states the 10) ________ ______.
12) ____________.
The topic sentence is the Examples of controlling ideas
They are connected to the topic
foundation for a paragraph and it
sentence (sometimes called the
is usually at the 11)___________,
13) _______________ • Soccer is popular for many reasons. (The reader expects the paragraph to give a variety of
but sometimes you can find it in information about soccer and why it is popular around the world).
_________ without any
the middle, or at the end.
unrelated or extra sentences.
• Many language students prefer bilingual dictionaries to monolingual dictionaries. The
reader expects the paragraph to 22) _________ why this statement is true.

4. The last sentence, or GOOD SUPPORTING SENTENCES

3. The first line of a paragraph is
concluding sentence, brings the
14) __________________.
paragraph to a logical
Indentation is easy to do. Just 16)._________________. 23)_________ ____________ to the
move the first line to the topic sentence and controlling ideas
It states the main point again or
15)____________ about one
17) ________________ the main
centimeter and a half, six spaces
idea of the paragraph. Also, it
in a technological device, or the
can offer a suggestion, an
first tab stop position. Kinds or purposes:
opinion, or a prediction. without them, paragraph may
explain, describe, give
be confusing and 24)
reasons, give facts, give
_______________
“A paragraph is essentially a unit of thought, not of examples, 26)____________

length, and its purpose is to give the reader a rest”

give information that 25)__________ and
explains the topic (who, what, where,
when, why, how)
2 3
CONCLUDING SENTENCES
It is the last sentence of a paragraph, and its purpose is to bring the paragraph to a logical conclusion.
Sometimes it is difficult for writers to come up with this last sentence, so studying many examples of
good concluding sentences is helpful. There are four kinds of concluding sentences:

5. Restatement: summarizes the main points of the paragraph. Although it may be very similar to
the topic sentence, it should include significant ideas from the supporting sentences.
6. Suggestion: provides advice, proposition, or action to take about the main topic and to
persuade the reader.
7. Opinion: clarifies the viewpoint of the writer or other sources considering the given reasons
presented in the paragraph.
8. Prediction: considers the logical hypothesis of a topic proposing a result, impact, or outcome.

Sometimes a concluding statement does a combination of these options.

IN SUMMARY, … PARAGRAPHS: TOPIC,

SUPPORTING, AND CONCLUDING
SENTENCES

A paragraph is a distinct section of writing

covering one topic and a purpose.
It usually contains more than one sentence,
and it is determined by the topic and the
content.
The perfect paragraph starts with a topic
sentence, then has supporting sentences and
ends with a concluding sentence.
PARAGRAPH FEATURES A GOOD TOPIC SENTENCE
From word to essay Five features of a good topic sentence
A word represents an idea and it is composed of one or more letters. Then, writers use sentences 6. It controls or guides the whole paragraph: when you read it, you know what to expect in the
which are a collection of words that expresses a complete thought; a sentence usually consists of a paragraph.
subject and a verb and can be combined into a paragraph. Finally, paragraphs can be combined into 7. A good topic sentence is not a general fact that everyone accepts as true: avoid using general
an essay or other types of texts. facts.
8. A good topic sentence is specific: make your topic sentence more specific and not too general.
9. A good topic sentence is not too specific: avoid sentences with many details in which there is
Four main characteristics nothing else to say.
10. A good topic sentence has controlling ideas: they are words of phrases that help guide the flow of
ideas in the paragraph.
1. It has a topic sentence that
2. All of the sentences in a Examples of controlling ideas
states the main idea.
paragraph are about one topic.
The topic sentence is the • Soccer is popular for many reasons. (The reader expects the paragraph to give a variety of information
They are connected to the topic
foundation for a paragraph and it about soccer and why it is popular around the world).
sentence (sometimes called the
is usually at the beginning, but
controlling ideas) without any • Many language students prefer bilingual dictionaries to monolingual dictionaries. The reader expects
sometimes you can find it in the
unrelated or extra sentences.
middle, or at the end. the paragraph to explain why this statement is true.

GOOD SUPPORTING SENTENCES

4. The last sentence, or
3. The first line of a paragraph is
concluding sentence, brings the related to the topic sentence
indented.
paragraph to a logical and controlling ideas
Indentation is easy to do. Just conclusion.
move the first line to the right
It states the main point again or
about one centimeter and a half,
summarizes the main idea of the
six spaces in a technological
paragraph. Also, it can offer a give information that
device, or the first tab stop Kinds or purposes:
suggestion, an opinion, or a supports and explains the
position. explain, describe, give reasons,
prediction. topic (who, what, where,
when, why, how) give facts, give examples, define

“A paragraph is essentially a unit of thought, not of

length, and its purpose is to give the reader a rest” without them paragraph may be
confusing and illogical