Ebook Database Processing 12Th Edition Kroenke Test Bank Full Chapter PDF

Database Processing 12th Edition
Kroenke Test Bank

Visit to download the full and correct content document: https://testbankdeal.com/dow
nload/database-processing-12th-edition-kroenke-test-bank/
Database Processing, 12e (Kroenke/Auer)
Chapter 8: Database Redesign
1) Database redesign is rarely needed because databases are usually built correctly the first time.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 314
2) In a real sense, information systems and organizations do not just influence each other, but
rather they create each other.
Answer: TRUE
3) A continuous circular process of changes in user behaviors and change in the information
systems they use is a natural outcome of information system use.
Answer: TRUE
4) The continuous circular process of changes is known as the Systems Development Life Cycle
(SDLC).
Answer: TRUE
5) Database redesign is equally difficult whether or not the database has data in it.
Answer: FALSE
6) In the database redesign process, it is often useful to test whether certain conditions or
assumptions are valid before proceeding with the redesign.
Answer: TRUE
7) In the database redesign process, two SQL tools are useful for testing whether or not certain
conditions or assumptions are valid: uncorrelated subqueries and EXISTS/NOT EXISTS.
Answer: FALSE
8) A correlated subquery, looks very different from a noncorrelated subquery.

Answer: FALSE
9) Correlated subqueries can be used to verify functional dependencies.

Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 317-318
1
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
10) In a correlated subquery, the same table is used in the upper and lower SELECT statements.
Answer: TRUE
11) In the SQL statement:
SELECT S1.CustName, S1.SalesRepNo FROM SALES S1;
the "S1" is called an alias.

Answer: TRUE
12) In a correlated subquery, the DBMS can run the lower SELECT statement by itself and then
send the results to the upper SELECT statement.
Answer: FALSE
13) In a correlated subquery, the DBMS must run the lower SELECT statement as a process that
is nested within the upper SELECT statement.
Answer: TRUE
14) There is a common trap in writing a correlated subquery, which will cause no rows to ever be
displayed in the results.
Answer: TRUE
15) Although correlated subqueries are useful in database redesign, they cannot be used to verify
functional dependencies.
Answer: FALSE
16) When using queries with EXISTS and NOT EXISTS, the processing of the associated
SELECT statements must be nested.
Answer: TRUE
17) The use of a double nested set of NOT EXISTS SELECT statements can be used to find
rows that meet some specified condition for every row in a table.
Answer: TRUE
18) The use of a double nested set of NOT EXISTS SELECT statements is a famous pattern in
SQL use.
Answer: TRUE
2
19) EXISTS and NOT EXISTS are actually just another form of correlated subqueries.
Answer: TRUE
20) Because EXISTS and NOT EXISTS are forms of correlated subqueries, the processing of the
associated SELECT statements must be nested.
Answer: TRUE
21) The EXISTS keyword will be true if any row in the subquery meets the condition.
Answer: TRUE
22) The NOT EXISTS keyword will be true if any row in the subquery fails to meet the
condition.
Answer: FALSE
23) The use of a double nested set of NOT EXISTS SELECT statements can be used to find
rows that meet some specified condition for every row in a table.
Answer: TRUE
24) When using a double nested set of NOT EXISTS SELECT statements, a row that does not
match any row matches every row.
Answer: TRUE
25) The use of a double nested set of NOT EXISTS SELECT statements is so rare that even if
you are a professional database developer you will probably never see it used.
Answer: FALSE
26) There is no good SQL command that can be used to change table names.
Answer: TRUE
27) The process of reading an actual database schema and producing a data model from that
schema is called reverse engineering.
Answer: TRUE
28) The data model produced by reverse engineering is a true conceptual schema.
Answer: FALSE
3
29) The data model produced by reverse engineering may include some entities that should not
appear in the data model.
Answer: TRUE
30) The design produced by reverse engineering may be described as a table-relationship

diagram.
Answer: TRUE
31) The author refers to the data model produced by reverse engineering as the RE data model.
Answer: TRUE
32) Because of the need to know the functional dependencies in a database, it is a good idea to
create a dependency graph.
Answer: TRUE
33) Dependency graphs are graphical displays like bar charts.

Answer: FALSE
34) Typically, there are at least four different copies of the database schema used in the redesign
process.
Answer: FALSE
35) A means must be created to recover all test databases to their original state during the
redesign testing process.
Answer: TRUE
36) Even if an organization has a very large database, it will be possible to make a complete
backup copy of the operational database prior to making structure changes.
Answer: FALSE
37) SQL contains an SQL command RENAME TABLENAME that can be used to change table
names.
Answer: FALSE
38) SQL Server 2008 R2 contains a system stored procedure named sp_rename that can be used
to change table names.
Answer: TRUE
4
39) Changing table names is complicated by the fact that constraints and triggers are often
associated with the table and will also need to be changed.
Answer: TRUE
40) In order to minimize the need to change table names some organizations have a policy that
no user or application should ever employ the true name of a table, but use views as table aliases
instead.
Answer: TRUE
41) To add a NULL column to a table, we simply use the MODIFY TABLE statement.
Answer: FALSE
42) If a DEFAULT constraint is included when a new column is added to a table, the default
value is only applied to new rows and not to the existing rows at the time the new column is
added.
Answer: TRUE
43) To add a NOT NULL column to a table, we first add a NULL column, then we insert values
into every row, and finally we change the NULL constraint to NOT NULL.
Answer: TRUE
44) To drop a nonkey column from a table, no preliminary steps are needed and we can simply
use the ALTER TABLE DROP COLUMN statement.
Answer: TRUE
45) To drop a foreign key column from a table, no preliminary steps are needed and we can
simply use the ALTER TABLE DROP COLUMN statement.
Answer: FALSE
46) To drop a primary key column from a table the primary key constraint must first be dropped,
but this does not require that related foreign keys based on the column be dropped.
Answer: FALSE
47) To drop a constraint, no preliminary steps are needed and we can simply use the ALTER
TABLE DROP CONSTRAINT statement.
Answer: TRUE
5
48) Converting date, money or other more specific data types to char or varchar will usually
succeed.
Answer: TRUE
49) To change the minimum cardinality on the parent side from zero to one, the foreign key,
which would have been NULL, must be changed to NOT NULL.
Answer: TRUE
50) Depending on the DBMS, when changing the minimum cardinality on the parent side from
zero to one, the foreign key constraint that defines the relationship may have to be dropped
before the change is made and re-added afterwards.
Answer: TRUE
51) There are several difficulties with increasing cardinalities from 1:1 to 1:N, one of which is
preserving the existing relationships.
Answer: FALSE
52) When increasing cardinalities from 1:N to N:M, we basically create a new intersection table,
fill it with data and drop the old foreign key.
Answer: TRUE
53) When decreasing cardinalities, there will always be data loss.

Answer: TRUE
54) Adding new tables and relationships to a database is difficult.

Answer: FALSE
55) Deleting tables and relationships is basically a matter of dropping foreign key constraints and
then dropping the tables.
Answer: TRUE
56) Database redesign is fairly easy when ________.

A) information systems and organizations influence each other
B) the design was done correctly the first time
C) there is no data in the database
D) good backups of the database are available
E) All of the above.
Answer: C
6
57) Which of the following is not a possible step in the database redesign process?
A) Checking whether certain conditions or assumptions about the data are valid
B) Reverse engineering the data model
C) Testing proposed changes
D) Maintaining backups of the existing database
E) All of the above are possible steps in the database redesign process.
Answer: E
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 314, 320-323
58) In the database redesign process, before proceeding with the redesign it is often useful to
________.
A) check whether certain conditions or assumptions about the data are valid
B) find out why the design was not done properly the first time
C) stop information systems and users from influencing each other
D) set standards for user behavior
E) All of the above.
Answer: A
59) In the database redesign process, SQL tools that are useful for testing whether or not certain
conditions or assumptions are valid are ________.
A) correlated subqueries
B) EXISTS
C) NOT EXISTS
D) B and C
E) A, B and C
Answer: E
60) In a correlated subquery of a database that has tables TableOne and TableTwo, and if table
TableOne is used in the upper SELECT statements, then which table is used in the lower
SELECT statement?
A) TableOne
B) TableTwo
C) both TableOne and TableTwo
D) either TableOne or TableTwo
E) neither TableOne nor TableTwo
Answer: A
7
61) In the SQL statements
SELECT C1.CustName, C1.SalesRepNo

FROM CUSTOMER C1;
the "C1" is called a(n) ________.

A) term
B) alias
C) convention
D) phrase
E) label
Answer: B
62) When running a correlated subquery, the DBMS ________.

A) runs the lower SELECT statement by itself and then sends the results to the upper SELECT
statement.
B) runs the upper SELECT statement by itself and then sends the results to the lower SELECT
statement.
C) alternates running the lower SELECT statement with running the upper SELECT statement
based on each result of the lower SELECT statement
D) either A or B may be used depending on the query.
E) None of the above describes how a correlated subquery is run by the DBMS.
Answer: C
63) When running a correlated subquery, the DBMS always uses ________.
A) regular processing
B) nested processing
C) "quick and dirty" processing
D) SQL-92 processing
E) a form of processing that is specific to the DBMS product
Answer: B
8
64) Which of the following SQL statements is a correctly stated correlated subquery?
A) SELECT C1.CustName, C1.SalesRepNo
FROM CUSTOMER C1
WHERE C1.SalesRepNo IN
(SELECT S1.SaleRepNo
FROM SALESREP S1
WHERE S1.RepName = 'Smith');
B) SELECT C1.CustName, C1.SalesRepNo
FROM CUSTOMER C1
FROM SALESREP S1
WHERE S1.RepName = 'Smith')
AND C1.SalesRepNo=S1.SalesRepNo);
C) SELECT C1.CustName, C1.SalesRepNo
FROM CUSTOMER C1
FROM SALESREP S1
WHERE S1.RepName = 'Smith')
AND C1.SalesRepNo<>S1.SalesRepNo);
D) SELECT C1.CustName, C1.SalesRepNo
FROM CUSTOMER C1
(SELECT C2.SaleRepNo
FROM CUSTOMER C2
WHERE C1.SalesRepNo=C2.SalesRepNo);
AND C1.OrderNo<>C2.OrderNo);
E) None of the above is a correctly stated correlated subquery.
Answer: D
65) SQL queries that use EXISTS and NOT EXISTS are ________.
A) normal subqueries
B) correlated subqueries
C) uncorrelated subqueries
D) constraint dependent subqueries
E) constraint independent subqueries
Answer: B
9
66) When running an SQL query that uses EXISTS, the EXISTS keyword will be true if
________.
A) any row in the subquery meets the condition
B) all rows in the subquery meet the condition
C) no row in the subquery meets the condition
D) any row in the subquery fails to meet the condition
E) all rows in the subquery fail to meet the condition
Answer: A
67) When running an SQL query that uses NOT EXISTS, the NOT EXISTS keyword will be
true if ________.
A) any row in the subquery meets the condition
B) all rows in the subquery meet the condition
C) no row in the subquery meets the condition
D) any row in the subquery fails to meet the condition
E) all rows in the subquery fail to meet the condition
Answer: E
68) A double nested set of NOT EXISTS SELECT statements is ________.

A) a famous pattern in SQL
B) regularly used
C) rarely used to nonexistent in the real world
D) A and B
E) A, B, and C
Answer: D
69) In a double nested set of NOT EXISTS SELECT statements, ________.

A) if a row does not match any row, then it matches every row
B) if a row matches any row, then it matches every row
C) if a row does not match any row, then it does not match every row
D) if a row matches any row, then it does not match every row
E) if a row does not match any row, then referential integrity has been broken
Answer: A
70) The process of reading an actual database schema and producing a data model from that
schema is called ________.
A) data modeling
B) data engineering
C) reverse engineering
D) schema modeling
E) schema engineering
Answer: C
10
71) The data model produced by reverse engineering is not truly a logical model because it will
contain tables for ________.
A) strong entities
B) weak non-ID-dependent entities
C) ID-dependent entities
D) intersection tables
E) supertype/subtype tables
Answer: D
72) The data model produced by reverse engineering is a(n) ________.

A) conceptual schema
B) internal schema
C) dependency graph
D) table-relationship diagram
E) entity-relationship diagram
Answer: D
73) Because of the need to know the functional dependencies in a database, it is a good idea to
create a(n) ________.
A) conceptual schema
B) internal schema
C) dependency graph
D) table-relationship diagram
E) entity-relationship diagram
Answer: C
74) A dependency graph should include:

A) tables
B) views
C) triggers
D) A and B
E) A, B and C
Answer: E
75) Which of the following different copies of the database schema is/are typically used in the
database redesign process?
A) Small test database
B) Large test database
C) Operational database
D) A and B
E) A, B and C
Answer: E
11
76) In order to make sure the database redesign is working properly during the redesign testing
process, a means must be created to ________.
A) reverse engineer all test databases
B) graph dependencies in all test databases
C) recover all test databases to their original state
D) A and B
E) A, B and C
Answer: C
77) To change a table name, we ________.

A) use the SQL RENAME TABLE command
B) use the SQL ALTER TABLENAME command
C) use the SQL MODIFY TABLENAME command
D) create a new table, move the data and drop the old table
E) None of the above is the correct way to change a table name.
Answer: D
78) When making any change to the database structure, we may need to check for effects of the
change on ________.
A) data
B) foreign keys
C) constraints
D) triggers
E) All of the above may need to be checked.
Answer: E
79) To add a NULL column to a table, we ________.

A) use the REVISE TABLE command
B) use the ALTER TABLE command
C) use the MODIFY TABLE command
D) create a new table with the NULL column, move the other data, and drop the old table
E) None of the above is the correct way to add a NULL column.
Answer: B
80) If a DEFAULT constraint is included when a new column is added to a table, the default
value is applied to ________.
A) all existing rows at the time the column is added
B) all new rows
C) all new rows but only after the UPDATE command is issued
D) A and B
E) A and C
Answer: B
12
81) To add a NOT NULL column to a table, we ________.
A) use the REVISE TABLE command
B) use the ALTER TABLE command
C) use the MODIFY TABLE command
D) create a new NULL column, insert data values into every row, and change the NULL
constraint to NOT NULL
E) None of the above is the correct way to add a NOT NULL column to a table.
Answer: D
82) When dropping a nonkey column from a table, which of the following steps are included in
the process? (The order of the steps listed below is not relevant, only the steps themselves.)
A) Drop any column constraints from the table
B) Drop the column from the table
C) Drop any foreign keys constraints based on the column
D) A and B
E) A, B and C
Answer: B
83) When dropping a primary key column from a table, which of the following steps are
included in the process? (The order of the steps listed below is not relevant, only the steps
themselves.)
A) Drop the primary key constraint from the table
B) Drop the primary key column from the table
C) Drop the foreign keys in other tables based on the primary key column
D) A and B
E) A, B and C
Answer: E
84) When dropping a foreign key column from a table, which of the following steps are included
in the process? (The order of the steps listed below is not relevant, only the steps themselves.)
A) Drop the foreign key constraint from the table
B) Drop the foreign key column from the table
C) Drop the primary key in the other table referenced by the referential integrity constraint
D) A and B
E) A, B and C
Answer: D
13
85) Changing cardinalities ________.
A) never occurs in database redesign
B) rarely occurs in database redesign
C) commonly occurs in database redesign
D) always occurs in database redesign
E) cannot be done once a database is implemented
Answer: C
86) When changing column data types, which of the following data conversions will either
usually or always succeed?
A) Numeric → char or varchar
B) Date or money → char or varchar
C) Char or varchar → numeric, date or money
D) A and B
E) A, B and C
Answer: D
87) When changing the minimum cardinality on the parent side of the relationship from zero to
one, the foreign key ________.
A) must be changed from NULL to NOT NULL
B) must be changed from NOT NULL to NULL
C) must be changed to a composite key
D) must be changed to a surrogate key
E) does not change
Answer: A
88) Which of the following are difficulties when changing the maximum cardinality from 1:1 to
1:N?
A) Preserving the existing tables
B) Preserving the existing relationships
C) Preserving the existing data
D) A and B
E) A, B and C
Answer: B
14
89) When increasing cardinalities from 1:N to N:M, which of the following steps are included in
the process? (The order of the steps listed below is not relevant, only the steps themselves.)
A) Create an intersection table
B) Populate the intersection table
C) Drop the old foreign key
D) A and B
E) A, B and C
Answer: E
90) When decreasing cardinalities, there will always be ________.

A) relationship loss
B) foreign key loss
C) data loss
D) A and B
E) A, B and C
Answer: C
91) When dropping tables and relationships, which of the following steps are included in the
process? (The order of the steps listed below is not relevant, only the steps themselves.)
A) Drop the foreign key constraints from the tables
B) Drop the tables
C) Drop the primary key constraints from the tables
D) A and B
E) A, B and C
Answer: D
92) Why do databases need redesigning?

Answer: Databases need redesigning for two reasons. First, it is not always easy to build a
database correctly the first time, and changes in an organization's business process may create
the need for a change. With regards to the first reason, even if the data modeling process
captured all the users' requirements, translating the requirements into a correct data model and
database design can be difficult. Almost inevitably, there will be errors that need to be corrected.
With regards to the second reason, information systems and the organizations that use them
influence each other to the point where they can be said to "create" each other. As the
organization changes so will the user requirements, which will necessitate database redesign.
93) When redesigning a database, how can we check assumptions about functional
dependencies?
Answer: There are two related SQL techniques that we can use to check assumptions about
functional dependencies in an existing database. The first is to use a correlated subquery, and the
second is to use an equivalent query structure using the SQL EXISTS and/or NOT EXISTS
keywords.
15
94) What is a correlated subquery?
Answer: A correlated subquery uses the standard SQL subquery structure of a SELECT
statement (called the lower SELECT) within the WHERE clause of a controlling (or upper)
SELECT. However, where a non-correlated subquery uses different tables in the upper and lower
SELECTS, the correlated subquery uses the same table in both SELECTS. SQL aliases are used
to provide different table names within the query. When a non-correlated subquery is processed,
the lower SELECT is processed first and the entire result set of the lower SELECT is passed to
the upper SELECT. When a correlated subquery is processed, a nested processing is used where
each individual result of the lower SELECT is returned one at a time to the upper SELECT for
processing.
95) Explain the results provided by the EXISTS, NOT EXISTS and double NOT EXISTS
keywords.
Answer: The EXISTS and NOT EXISTS keywords are used in the WHERE clause of correlated
subqueries, and thus are the basis of just another form of correlated subquery. The EXISTS
keyword will be true if any row in the subquery meets the subquery condition(s). The NOT
EXISTS keyword will be true when all rows in the subquery fail to meet the subquery
condition(s). The double use of NOT EXISTS, which requires three nested SELECT statements,
can be used to test for situations where every row of a table meets a specified condition nested.
The double NOT EXISTS pattern is a famous pattern in SQL and very useful when needed.
96) What is reverse engineering and how well does it work?

Answer: Reverse engineering (RE) is the process of reading the database schema of an existing
database and using it to reconstruct a data model of the database. It works fairly well, but does
have significant limitations. First, RE produces conceptual schema errors because it creates an
entity for every table in the database including intersection tables in N:M relationships which
would not be an entity in the original data model. Second, it does not generate internal schema
information such as referential integrity constraints. Therefore, the result, which the authors call
the RE data model, is a good starting point for analyzing an existing database but is not a
complete solution.
97) What is a dependency graph, and what is it used for in database redesign?
Answer: Dependency graphs are not a graphical display like a bar chart, but rather a set of
connected nodes. The nodes represent objects such as tables, views, triggers, stored procedures,
etc., in the database. Line segments show the interconnections, or dependencies, between these
objects. Thus, a dependency graph is useful for determining how a change to one object in a
database might affect other objects in the database.
16
98) Discuss the role of backup and test databases in database redesign.
Answer: Typically, there are at least three different copies of the database schema used in
database redesign: (1) a small test database for initial testing, (2) a large or full copy test database
for further testing, and (3) the operational database itself. There must be a process to restore the
test databases to their original state during the testing process so that tests can be rerun as
needed. If it is not possible to use a full copy of a very large operational database for testing, an
appropriate large scale test version must be created and used.
99) What is the process and what are the considerations when changing a table name?
Answer: To change a table name, we re-create the table with the new name, copy the data to the
new table, and finally drop the old table. Although the process is simple, there are several
considerations. First is the problem of a surrogate key, for the existing values must be
maintained. This is solved by creating the key as regular field, copying the date, and then
converting the column to a surrogate key. Second is the problem of restructuring constraints to
make sure they now apply to the new table. Finally any stored procedures, triggers and other
application codes that applied to the old table must be rewritten to apply to the new table.
100) What is the process for adding a NOT NULL column to a table?
Answer: There are three steps in adding a NOT NULL column to a table. First, the column is
added as a NULL column. Second, data is added to the column using one or more UPDATE
statements. Finally, the ALTER command is used to change the column from NULL to NOT
NULL.
101) Discuss workable data conversion and possible data loss when changing table data types
during a database redesign.
Answer: Converting Numeric (Number), Money, Date and other more specific data types to
Char or VarChar will usually work. The reverse conversions, from Char and VarChar to
Numeric, Money and Date, are risky and may not work.
17
Another random document with
no related content on Scribd:
A swing, so durable that it has become a virtual landmark, was
made from a long, straight hickory sapling suspended from the limb
of a tree. The sapling was split part of its length, as shown in the
illustration, and a bolt put through it to prevent the upper portion from
cracking. The lower end was smoothed off, so as not to injure the
hands, and mortised through a slab of wood, as shown in the
detailed sketch. A safe hook from which to suspend the swing is
suggested. It is made from a bolt fixed through the limb and curled at
the hook end so that the swing may be taken down in bad weather.
—Hubert Kann, Pittsburgh, Pa.
Match Safe of Miniature Cannon Shell
The match safe shown in the sketch was made by a worker in a

munitions plant. The container was shaped like a small cannon shell
and was set into a bracket supported on a prettily grained board,
stained and varnished, and supported by a chain.—J. H. Moore,
Hamilton, Can.
Washing Bromide Enlargements
The Cork Clips Hold the Bromide Print in the Water in a Vertical Position
The difficulty of washing bromide enlargements of the larger sizes

has always made the amateur hesitate to undertake much of this
kind of work. The developing and fixing can be done with
comparative ease, because of the facility with which the print can be
kept moving in a tray that is smaller in size than the print itself, but
washing is such a long process that one’s patience is exhausted
before the hypo is completely eliminated. Continuous handling of a
print for 30 minutes is tedious work. This objection can be overcome
in the simplest and most efficacious manner, as follows:
Procure some large corks of the best quality and in each cut a
groove completely around it, near one end, to serve as a retainer for
a rubber band; then cut the cork lengthwise through the center, and
cut a wedge-shaped piece from the center toward the end opposite
the one where the groove was cut for the rubber band. After placing
a band in the groove of the proper size the combination will work
similarly to an old-fashioned spring clothespin.
If two of these are snapped on the edge of a bromide print, this
can be dropped into a bathtub or laundry tub for washing. The corks
will cause the print to float vertically in the running water. By this
means a number of prints can be washed at a time without any
danger of their sticking together or becoming wrinkled or cracked in
the bath.—Contributed by T. B. Lambert, Chicago.
Bench Support for a Miter Box
To make the most effective use of a miter box, it must be fastened
solidly to a base, but if fastened to the workbench top it is in the way
when not in use, and it is a nuisance to fasten and unfasten the box
every time it is used. To avoid the changing, I mounted the miter box
on two pieces of 1 by 3-in. stock, about 2 ft. long. These pieces were
placed on the bench top, at right angles to the front edge and with
their centers as far apart as the two pairs of legs on the box. The box
was placed on the front end of the pieces, with the back parallel to
the front of the bench, at right angles to the pieces, and was
fastened to them with screws. The other end of each piece was
fastened to the bench top with a hinge.
This fastened the miter box firmly to the bench top, but in such a
way that I could tip it up and back against the wall, or other support,
where it was out of the way but ready for use immediately. To stiffen
the frame, I placed a cross brace between the two pieces, making it
in the form of the letter H.—Contributed by L. C. Burke, Madison,
Wisconsin.
A Blowpipe for Gas
Blowpipe Connection to the Ordinary Illuminating-Gas Main for Hard and

Soft Soldering
Every experimenter who has a gas connection within convenient

distance of the workbench should provide a 4 or 5-ft. length of ¹⁄₄-in.
rubber tubing, terminating in a brass tube through which air may be
blown in order that a clear blue flame may be available for either
hard or soft soldering. The brass tube should be 4 or 5 in. long and
fitted at one end with a removable nozzle having a ¹⁄₁₆-in. hole in it. A
hole is then drilled in the side and a piece of smaller brass tubing,
bent as shown in the sketch, is soldered in place for the air supply. A
piece of soft-rubber tubing about 1 ft. long is then provided and one
end slipped over the projecting end of the air pipe and the other fitted
to a hard-rubber, or amber, mouthpiece. By regulating the gas supply
and blowing to the proper degree, a pencil of blue flame may be
produced, anywhere from 1 to 4 in. long. For heating large surfaces,
the nozzle tip should be removed.
This method of soldering not only makes a better connection than
the usual copper, but is instantly available and does not disarrange
the several pieces where, as is often the case, it is not practicable to
pin or hold them in place.
Scraper for Dishes
A Dish Scraper Made of a Piece of Rubber Inserted in a Wood Handle
Housekeepers will find the scraper shown to be silent and more

rapid than a knife for cleaning dishes. It consists of a handle cut from
a piece of straight-grained wood, with a kerf sawed in the wide end
to a depth of ³⁄₄ in., into which a piece of sheet rubber is inserted.
The rubber may be cut from an old bicycle-tire casing and is
fastened with two or three brads driven through the handle. The
ends of the brads are bent over or riveted. The edge of the rubber
should be made straight.—Contributed by H. S. Craig, Rushford,
Minn.
Protecting Lights in a Gymnasium
A public-school auditorium was used for playing basket ball, and
the lights were protected as shown. Wire waste-baskets were
fastened to pieces of board, which in turn were nailed to the ceiling
around each lamp. As it was desired to provide a way to ventilate the
room, an opening was cut in each board around the lamp base,
providing fan-shaped cut-outs covered with galvanized metal of the
same design, to make a way to open and shut the ventilator. The air
passed up into an attic.
Wire Wastebasket Fastened around a Light to Protect It for Basket-Ball

Games
The goals, which were old blackboards, were fastened between
the posts that supported the ceiling. Two iron rods, one above the
other, were clamped with bolts to the posts, and the boards were
bolted to the rods.—Contributed by Frank C. Svacha, McKees
Rocks, Pa.
Shortening a Pasteboard Box
Shortening a Box by Bending Up the Bottom after Removing the End and
Cutting Down the Sides
If a pasteboard box happens to be too long for a special purpose it

can be shortened as shown. The sides are cut down to the bottom
and the end removed. The bottom is then bent up on a line between
the places where the sides were cut down, to form a new end for the
box. The joining parts are then held with a thread or wire fasteners.
Repairing Shade-Roller Springs
Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fix the Loosened Spring into Place and the Roller Is in Working Order
Springs of window-shade rollers, which usually break at the tin cap

by which they are fastened inside the rod, can be quickly repaired in
the following manner:
Remove the ferrule and dogs from the end of the roller and pull out
the stick to which the spring is attached. Measure the length of the
stick A, Fig. 1, on the roller, and at C cut a small square hole through
to the hollow center. Remove the metal cap thus exposed. Fix the
cap on the end of the stick at B and fasten the spring around one
point of the metal cap, Fig. 2. Insert the stick into the roller and tap it
gently, driving the cap points in; then replace the ferrule and dogs,
and the roller is in condition for use.
Drying Photo Films Rapidly
The Current of the Fan Dries the Films Rapidly
Waiting for photographic films to dry is often tedious, particularly

when the photographer is in haste to see the results of his efforts at
picture taking. The method of drying the films shown in the sketch
will aid materially in the process. The films are held by small spring
clips attached to the wire frame surrounding the fan, and when the
current is turned on, the films are blown away from the fan and held
suspended in a diagonal position.—Contributed by W. J. Clausius,
Chicago, Ill.
Applying and Drying Bronze Powders
Surfaces may be coated readily with bronze powder by applying a
thin coat of shellac and quickly dusting the powder over it. Speed is
important in dusting on the powder, as if the shellac hardens it will
not hold the bronze. Surfaces which have been bronzed in this way
may be polished if additional coats of shellac or varnish are applied
over them.
Forceps for Weeding Garden
Difficulty in removing small weeds around plants in the garden

may be overcome by the use of a forceps made of a piece of wire,
as shown in the illustration. The wire is formed into two loops by
which the weeds are grasped, and the portion held in the hand is
bent to form a circular spring. Its tension may be regulated so that
the hand will not be tired in using the device.—Contributed by Irving
McEwen, New Westminster, B. C., Canada.
Shielding Pictures from Damp Walls
Injury to pictures from dampness of walls may be prevented by
fixing small disks of cork to the lower edge of the frame so as to form
a contact with the wall only at the cork. This permits a current of air
to pass between the wall and frame.
New Method of Developing Roll Films
By T. B. LAMBERT
Many devices have been made for developing and fixing roll films.
There is the simple wholesale method of the professional who
hangs a weight on one end of the film and lets it down in a deep tank
of developing fluid where it hangs submerged from an upper support
until the development is complete. Then the support, the film, and
attached weight are removed, dipped into a similar tank of running
water, then to another tank of fixing solution, and subsequently
washed and dried.
This is the only practical plan where there are many such films to
be handled simultaneously, but the amateur who has only one or two
rolls a week cannot afford the tanks, the space, nor the expense
incident to such a method. The film is usually drawn back and forth
through a developing solution placed in a tray, and after the
development has proceeded far enough, the same process used in
washing, then the hypo solution, and finally through the last washing
for about 20 minutes, all making a tedious process.
Some amateurs and a few professionals who but occasionally
develop roll film use a mechanical device that rolls the film into a
light-proof package which is inserted in a metal tank for development
and subsequent fixation. This is a standard process, the apparatus
being on sale at all supply houses, but it has its drawbacks.
An Ordinary Drinking Glass Used for Developing Roll Films
The following method is not only simple but perfect in its operation
and requires no special apparatus, only a tumbler or lemonade
glass, and an ordinary lead pencil for its operation. A glass rod is
preferable to the lead pencil, and it is also convenient to have a deep
tin cup, or similar device, to cover up the lemonade glass and make
it light-proof, should it be desirable to turn on the white light in the
dark room.
Pour enough developing solution into the glass tumbler to cover
completely the roll of film when it is standing on end. In the dark
room open the film roll, remove the backing paper and the paper
ends on the film, run it through clear water until it is thoroughly and
uniformly wetted from end to end, and drop it endwise into the
tumbler of developer. Immediately insert the pencil or glass rod into
the center of the roll, and with a rather quick circular motion, move
the rod around so that it will quickly pass between the several
convolutions of the film and thus distribute the developer all over its
surface. Repeat this operation at once, then again in a few seconds,
then in 15 or 20 seconds, then in 30 seconds, then in 1 minute, and
so on, with greater intervals of time. If a 20-minute developer is
used, it will only be necessary, at the latter part of the development,
to separate the layers every 2 or 3 minutes.
When the development is complete, pour off the solution and rinse
in the same glass by letting water run through it while passing the
pencil or glass rod between the layers several times. The water may
then be drained off, and the glass filled with the fixing solution. While
the film is fixing, the glass rod should be passed between the layers
several times to renew the solution in contact with the film.
It will be seen that at no time after the first washing is it necessary
to handle the film, so that damage to the film and staining the fingers
are entirely eliminated. Further than that, no apparatus is tied up in
the operation, and if a light-proof cup is at hand, the developing
tumbler may be covered between the operations of separating the
layers of film, and the white light of the dark room can be turned on
for further operations.
Swinging Bags on the Arms of a Scarecrow
Scarecrow with Swinging Paper Bags on the Arms in the Place of Hands
The ordinary ragman used as a scarecrow can be made more

effective by adding to it something to make it move, or some part
that flutters in the wind. This can be accomplished in one way by
blowing up paper bags to expand them to their full extent, tying the
openings as if they were filled with some commodity for the
household, and fastening them to the arms of the dummy as shown.
These will swing and flutter about in a way that will materially aid in
scaring away the birds that damage the crops.

Ebook Database Processing 12Th Edition Kroenke Test Bank Full Chapter PDF

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Ebook Database Processing 12Th Edition Kroenke Test Bank Full Chapter PDF

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Database Processing 12th Edition

Kroenke Test Bank

8) A correlated subquery, looks very different from a noncorrelated subquery.

9) Correlated subqueries can be used to verify functional dependencies.

11) In the SQL statement:

SELECT S1.CustName, S1.SalesRepNo FROM SALES S1;

the "S1" is called an alias.

30) The design produced by reverse engineering may be described as a table-relationship

33) Dependency graphs are graphical displays like bar charts.

53) When decreasing cardinalities, there will always be data loss.

54) Adding new tables and relationships to a database is difficult.

56) Database redesign is fairly easy when ________.

SELECT C1.CustName, C1.SalesRepNo

the "C1" is called a(n) ________.

62) When running a correlated subquery, the DBMS ________.

68) A double nested set of NOT EXISTS SELECT statements is ________.

69) In a double nested set of NOT EXISTS SELECT statements, ________.

72) The data model produced by reverse engineering is a(n) ________.

74) A dependency graph should include:

77) To change a table name, we ________.

79) To add a NULL column to a table, we ________.

90) When decreasing cardinalities, there will always be ________.

92) Why do databases need redesigning?

96) What is reverse engineering and how well does it work?

The match safe shown in the sketch was made by a worker in a

The difficulty of washing bromide enlargements of the larger sizes

Blowpipe Connection to the Ordinary Illuminating-Gas Main for Hard and

Every experimenter who has a gas connection within convenient

A Dish Scraper Made of a Piece of Rubber Inserted in a Wood Handle

Housekeepers will find the scraper shown to be silent and more

Wire Wastebasket Fastened around a Light to Protect It for Basket-Ball

If a pasteboard box happens to be too long for a special purpose it

Springs of window-shade rollers, which usually break at the tin cap

The Current of the Fan Dries the Films Rapidly

Waiting for photographic films to dry is often tedious, particularly

Difficulty in removing small weeds around plants in the garden

An Ordinary Drinking Glass Used for Developing Roll Films

The ordinary ragman used as a scarecrow can be made more

You might also like