Sensorial Aesthetics in Music Practices

SENSORIAL
AESTHETICS IN
MUSIC PRACTICES
Edited by Kathleen Coessens

Leuven University Press

 Table of Contents

I
Kathleen Coessens

S S M P :
F A K Q
P M
Michaël Levinas

Intermezzo 1
O S A
Kathleen Coessens

N ,S ,S
Tim Ingold

Intermezzo 2
O S M B
Kathleen Coessens

S S C :
AP D ?
Fabien Lévy

Intermezzo 3
O S H B
Kathleen Coessens

E I ?
S O R ’ V C ’
T B A-F M ,O .
Lasse Thoresen

Intermezzo 4
O S H B P
Kathleen Coessens

R P S
S P C S S
Salomé Voegelin

5
 Table of Contents

Intermezzo 5
O S I
Kathleen Coessens and Vanessa Tomlinson

N C

6
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Kathleen Coessens
Orpheus Institute, Ghent

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7
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8
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9
 Kathleen Coessens

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10
 Introduction

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11
 Kathleen Coessens

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12
 Introduction

eZTV R_U Zd Z a]ZTZe]j V SVUUVU Z_ RceZdeZT ViaVcZV_TV R_U TcVReZ _ 2d dfTY

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13
 D f_U R_U DV_dV
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Composer and pianist

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15
 Michaël Levinas

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TV_efcj fdZT _ eYZd SRdZd : TR_ T _dZUVc aZR_Zd c VjS RcUZd
R_U Zed T _ecZSfeZ _ e eYV UZcVTeZ _ W fdZTR] YZde cj Sj T aRcZ_X Ze hZeY
ac XcVdd RUV Z_ eYV WZV]U W RT fdeZTd Wc eYV V_U W eYV VZXYeVV_eY TV_
efcj e eYV eYV cZVd W AZVccV 3 f]Vk EYV h c d W 4Rc] AYZ]Zaa 6 R_fV] 3RTY
R_U eYVc T a dVcd YRgV SVV_ T _dZUVcVU e R_eZTZaReV T _TVaed W Rceh c
ecR_d ZddZ _ R_U _ eReZ _ :e Zd R]d Z a ceR_e Z_ eYZd T _eVie e SV RhRcV
W eYZ_Xd eYRe hV T f]U dRj RcV f_ecR_d ZddZS]V R_U _ _ ecR_d ZddZS]V Z_ eYV
U RZ_d W fdZT R_U W hcZeZ_X
EYV Vg ]feZ _ W eYV VjS RcU YRd RWWVTeVU eYV YZde cj W fdZT Z_ eYV HVde
hYVcV Ze Zd ecf]j R TV_ecR] Z_decf V_e+ TV_ecR] Wc eYV aVcdaVTeZgV W eYV
UVgV] a V_e W Z_decf V_e SfZ]UZ_X hYVcV Ze UVgV] aVU R cVafeReZ _ W c dj
Vecj R_U cVTZac TR] Z ZTcj cV Rc RS]j Z_ eR_UV hZeY feReZ _d Z_ dj
aY _ZT cTYVdecRd R_U eYV Vg ]feZ _ W cTYVdecR] eZ ScV, R_U TV_ecR] R]d e
eYV e _R] djdeV ZedV]W HYV_ T a dVcd eR] RS fe R_ cTYVdecR] aZVTV eYVj
WeV_ W cXVe eYRe eYV gVcj decfTefcV W eYV cTYVdecR W c hYZTY eYV T a dZeZ _
Zd hcZeeV_ YRd R e _R] cZXZ_ eYRe SVXR_ Re eYV V_U W eYV VZXYeVV_eY TV_efcj
> cV gVc eYV UVc_ cTYVdecR YRd SVV_ dYRaVU Sj VRc]ZVc ZUVRd+ R_ Z_TcVRdV
Z_ dZkV R_U eYV UZdecZSfeZ _ W Xc fad Wc eYV _Z_VeVV_eY TV_efcj _ R_U T _
eZ_fZ_X UVgV] a V_ed R_U feReZ _d Z_ eYV ehV_eZVeY TV_efcj
EYV aZR_ YRU R Vj c ]V Z_ eYZd UVgV] a V_e deRceZ_X hZeY Zed Z ZTcj W
eYV cTYVdecR Z_ eYV T a dZeZ _d W 3VVeY gV_ R_U T _eZ_fZ_X hZeY =Zdke R_U
HRX_Vc :e eYVcVSj acVaRcVU eYV V_eZcV YZde cj W eYV ehV_eZVeY TV_efcj cTYVd
ecR SVTRfdV eYV aZR_ Zd eYV a]RTV Wc hYZTY eYV cTYVdecR RcZdVd R_U Re eYV
dR V eZ V dVcgVd Rd R YR_US W c Ze 2d dfTY eYV aZR_ R_U Zed TYRcRTeVcZdeZTd
R_U a ddZSZ]ZeZVd hVcV R_ VddV_eZR] UV] W c j hcZeZ_X Rd R T a dVc Rd eYVj
YRgV SVV_ W c R_j ehV_eZVeY TV_efcj T a dVcd
2d R aZR_Zde R_U T a dVc : YRgV R]hRjd X _V Z_dZUV eYV Z_decf V_e e ]ZdeV_
e eYV d f_U T] dV e eYV d f_US RcU =Ve|d _ e W cXVe eYRe Wc eYV daReZR]
bfR]ZeZVd W aZR_ d f_U Rc dV R hVR]eY W aZR_ZdeZT ]ZeVcRefcV Wc 3VVeY gV_
e DTYf R__ 4Y aZ_ R_U =Zdke e 5VSfddj R_U CRgV] e >VddZRV_ EYZd Zd
eYV d f_U h c]U eYRe Z_daZcVU V e TcVReV eYV T a dZeV h c V aZR VdaRTV
RS fe ehV_ej jVRcd RX ? U fSe ViTZeVU Sj eYV daVTecR] a ddZSZ]ZeZVd : UcVR e
W Z_WZ_ZeV daRTV W daRTVd hZeY 8 eYZT RcTYVd EYV Vg ]feZ _ W eYV aZR_ Z_ eYV

16
 Sound and Sense in Musical Phrases

XcVRe T _TVce YR]]d W eYV VRc]j _Z_VeVV_eY TV_efcj hRd acVTVUVU Sj R daVTZWZT
aVcZ U eYRe aV_VU fa R_ Z V_dV h c]U W d f_U 6ZXYeVV_eY TV_efcj Vj
S RcUd YRU R]cVRUj cVgVR]VU eYV a ddZSZ]ZeZVd W cVd _R_TV W c dZ f]ReZ_X ]Zefc
XZTR] daRTV EYVj R_eZTZaReVU eYV d f_U W eYV aZR_ Z_T]fUZ_X eYV UVgV] a
V_e W eYV dj aReYVeZT djdeV hYZTY Z_ efc_ Z_T]fUVU ReeRT d YRc _ZT R_U
Z_YRc _ZT daVTecR R_U W T fcdV YjScZU d f_Ud TcVReVU SVehVV_ ReeRT ecR_
dZV_ed SVehVV_ eYV aVcTfddZgV R_U eYV _ _ aVcTfddZgV 2]] eYVdV TYRcRTeVcZdeZTd
T _ecZSfeVU e eYV SRdZT W c Red W eYV dj aY _j cTYVdecR Rd Ze S] dd VU
AZR_ daRTV Zd eYZd VddV_eZR]]j daReZR] aVcTVaeZ _ W eYV aZR_ |d d f_U h c]U
:_ ]ZdeV_Z_X e eYV d f_U W eYV aZR_ _V V_eVcd eYV cVd _R_e WcR V W eYV
Z_decf V_e Rd _V ZXYe V_eVc R 8 eYZT daRTV c R TRgV Z_YRSZeVU Sj VTY Vd
HYV_ a]RjZ_X XcVRe h c d _V Zd UcRh_ Z_e eYZd RdaVTe W eYV Z_decf V_e
hYZTY Zd SRdVU _ eYV a hVc W dj aReYVeZT cVd _R_TV EYZd YRd W c R] T _
dVbfV_TVd+ R]] ejaVd W cV Z_ZdTV_TV R_U eYV ReZT cVRaaVRcR_TV R]] W c d W
cV Via dZeZ _ R_U VgV_ HRX_VcZR_ ]VZe eZWd 5VSfddjZR_ cVRaaVRcR_TV c
CRgV]ZR_ V]V V_ed T V Wc eYZd RSZ]Zej e daReZR]ZdV d f_Ud [fde ]ZdeV_ e
DTYf R__|d 7R_eRdj Rd R_ ViR a]V
:_ eYV Z_eVcRTeZ _ SVehVV_ eYV Vg ]feZ _ W Z_decf V_e R Z_X hcZeZ_X R_U
fdZTR] RT fdeZTd eYV YZde cj W eYV aZR_ VcXVd hZeY eYRe W UVc_Zej DVV_
eYc fXY eYV ]V_d W Z_decf V_e SfZ]UZ_X eYV aZR_ VjS RcU UVgV] ad Wc eYV
TRcZ]] _ eYV cXR_ eYV daZ_Ve eYV T]RgZTY cU eYV YRcadZTY cU eYV aZR_ W ceV
e eYV UVc_ aZR_ R_U eYV >:5: VjS RcU :e cVacVdV_ed _V W eYV ]UVde
Z_eVcWRTVd Z_ 6fc aVR_ YZde cj hZeY Zed eh ]VgV]d W Vjd d hV]] RURaeVU e
eYV YR_U R_U e gZcef dZej EYV eh ]VgV] VjS RcU RUV a ddZS]V eYV gZcef dZT
fdV W Yf R_ YR_Ud Z_ eYV aZR_ daRTV Rd hV]] Rd eYV a ]jaY _j YRc _j
cV]ReZ _dYZa daRc Z_X R UVgV] a V_e W a ]jaY _ZT hcZeZ_X Re eYV V_U W eYV
VZXYeVV_eY TV_efcj R_U R gVcZeRS]V Z_VeZTd W d f_U :_ eYV ehV_eZVeY TV_efcj
eYZd UVgV] a V_e ]VU e eYV DeVZ_hRj R UVc_ Z_decf V_e R_U VgV_efR]]j
e >:5: VjS RcUd Z_ eYV ehV_ej WZcde TV_efcj 7c eYZd W] hVU R_ Z V_dV
cVaVce ZcV W h c d hZeY Vj aZVTVd ]VRUZ_X UZcVTe]j e _Vh T a dZeZ _d _V
ViR a]V R aZVTV eYRe Z_W]fV_TVU R]] 7cV_TY fdZT Zd =Zdke|d =Vd [Vfi U|VRf
UV ]R GZ]]R U|6deV Z_ hYZTY eYV T a dVc ecR_d]ReVd eYV daRTV W R Xc ee Z_e
eYV daRTV W R aZR_ |d d f_U =Zdke ac TVVUVU ]Z V R_ RT fdeZTZR_ R_U hRd RS]V
e cV_UVc R] de de TYRdeZTR]]j eYV cVW]VTeZ _ W eYV d f_U e eYV afS]ZT Re eYV
Xc ee d W eYV GZ]]R U|6deV Rd hV]] Rd eYV daVVU hZeY hYZTY eYV d f_U T Vd
SRT :_ eYZd hRj =Zdke UVgV] aVU aReYhRjd W d f_U eYRe R_eZTZaReVU :R__Zd
IV_R Zd
EYVdV R_R]jdVd W eYV aZR_ |d d f_U R_U W YRc _ZT aYV_ V_R hVcV eYV
deRceZ_X a Z_e W c S eY T ]]RS cReZgV R_U aVcd _R] cVW]VTeZ _d Z_ j T a dZeV
h c V aZR VdaRTV :_UVVU EcZdeR_ >fcRZ] UVUZTReVU e V R daVTecR] ac TVdd
aZVTV EVccZe ZcVd UV ] fS]Z " (( hYZTY acVdV_ed R dj_eYVdZd eYRe deRced Wc R
daVTecR] djdeV R_U eYVdV Z_decf V_eR] WVRefcVd EYV T a dZeZ _d eYRe R V
fa AZR VdaRTV efUV dfc f aZR VdaRTV W c aZR_ > =VgZ_Rd " (( R_U eh
T _TVce d > =VgZ_Rd " ( " )! RcV eYV cVdf]ed W UVVa cVW]VTeZ _ R_U

17
 Michaël Levinas

ViaVcZ V_eReZ _ EYVdV T a dZeZ _d Vg ]gVU Wc j h c Z_ eYV 8cZdVj

URjd 9 hVgVc j cVdVRcTY _ d f_U TYR_XVU UcR ReZTR]]j eYc fXY VVeZ_Xd
hZeY j f_X T a dVcd Z_ #!! "! Re :C42> _ eYV _V YR_U R_U hZeY JR__
C SZ_|d 6_dV S]V >f]eZ]Re cR]V Z_ ARcZd _ eYV eYVc
>j T a dZeZ _ Vd U dZ V TVd W c aZR_ R_U >:5: VjS RcU > =VgZ_Rd #!"
Z_g ]gVd R fTY cV dfSe]V T _TVaeZ _ W eYV d f_U W eYV aZR_ |d daRTV R_U
W eYV Wf_UR V_eR] deRSZ]Zej W eYV Z_decf V_e EYV d f_U eYRe : YRU YVRcU R_U
eYRe Z_ eYZd aZVTV : hRd WZ_R]]j RS]V e TRaefcV Zd TcVReVU fdZ_X cZ_X Uf]ReZ _
hYZTY XZgVd eYV aZR_ R =ZdkeZR_ TYRcRTeVc daVTZWZTR]]j Ze Zd cV Z_ZdTV_e W
=Zdke|d SV]] ]Z V TY cUd Z_ =R TR aR_V]]R Wc eYV 8cR UVd efUVd UV ARXR Z Z
R e _V eYV T a dVc W f_U Z_ eYV d f_U W eYZd T a]Vi Z_decf V_e Rd : UZU
Vd U dZ V TVd R]d T _eRZ_d eYV dR V Wf_UR V_eR] SVReZ_X Z_ eYV aZR_ |d d f_U
eYRe Zd W f_U Z_ eYV W ceVaZR_ + R Wf_UR V_eR] SVReZ_X eYRe Zd RTYZVgVU hZeY R
VjS RcU eVTY_ZbfV T] dV e eYV dfSdeZefeZ _d R_U ]VXRe W cXR_Zded R_U [Rkk
aZR_Zded AcVTZdV fdV W YR]W aVUR] eVTY_ZbfVd RTTV_efReVd eYV Z__Vc af]dZ_X W
eYV ]Z_Vd R_U W eYVdV d]ZUZ_X Z_W]VTeZ _d U dZ V TVd 6RTY aZeTY W R DeVZ_hRj
aZR_ R_U W R dZi aVUR] W ceVaZR_ e XVeYVc hZeY _ _ eV aVcVU dTR]Vd TcV
ReVU R_U a]RjVU _ eh >:5: VjS RcUd Zd YVRcU ac TVddVU hZeY cZ_X Uf
]ReZ _, eYV ]ZdeV_Vc YVRcd eYVdV d f_Ud daReZR]]j UZdecZSfeVU Rc f_U eYV T _TVce
YR]] Rd eY fXY eYV aZR_ |d d f_US RcU YRU SVT V R TRgV _ eYV dTR]V W R
T _TVce YR]] 7 c eYZd cVRd _ : ecR_da dVU eYV djdeV e eYV T _TVce YR]] W eYV
GZ]]R >VUZTZ RccR_XZ_X eYV daVR Vcd e RTYZVgV R cVd _R_e daRTV : YRgV Ufa]Z
TReVU eYZd djdeV Z_ _f Vc fd eYVc ] TReZ _d dZ_TV R_U hZeY R_j V_dV S]Vd
Z_T]fUZ_X :Tefd R_U =V 3R]T _ R_U Ze h c d gVcj hV]]
EYZd ScZ_Xd fd SRT e eYV WRTe eYRe eYc fXY eYV aZR_ R_U YVcV hV cVefc_
e eYV eYV V W eYV acVdV_e S hV TR_ V_eVc ViaVcZ V_eR]]j R_U YZde c
ZTR]]j eYV cVR] W eYV dV_d cZR] W T fcdV eYV d f_U W R aZR_ Zd cV_UVcVU
gVcj UZWWVcV_e]j UVaV_UZ_X _ ] TReZ _ :_ 4 TVce a fc f aZR VdaRTV >
=VgZ_Rd " )! eYV _fR_TVd _VVUVU e TYR_XV eYV T ] fc R_U cVda _dVd W eYV
cZ_X Uf]Re c RcV hcZeeV_ U h_ _ eV Sj _ eV RTT cUZ_X e eYV eVTY_ZbfV fdVU
e TcVReV eYV e _V EYV Z_decf V_e RXRZ_ SVT Vd dV_dZeZgV e e fTY HYV_ _V
]ZdeV_d e eYV SVXZ__Z_X W eYV h c _V _ eZTVd eYRe eYV VjS RcU ]RT d Z_VeZT
gZcef dZej SVTRfdV eYV Z_decf V_e U Vd _ e dfaa ce eYV eVTY_ZTR] VbfZa V_e
SVT Z_X dRefcReVU gVcj bfZT ]j dVV > =VgZ_Rd #!"!R _V YVRcd aZeTY deR
SZ]Zej cZXYe RhRj TYR_XVd W aZeTY eYV cVda _dZgVd W eYV decZ_Xd R_U TeRgVd
cV Z_ZdTV_e W 4Y aZ_ AZR VdaRTV Z_ VddV_TV Zd eYZd ViaVcZV_TV W SVZ_X dfc
c f_UVU Sj eYV gZcef dZej R_U eYV d _ c fd h c]U W eYV Z_decf V_e Rd hV]] Rd
eYV cTYVdecReZ _ W eYZd aYV_ V_ _
: R hRcj W TYc _ ] XZVd W T a dZeZ _ Sfe d V bfVdeZ _d SVT V cV
UZWWZTf]e e R_dhVc RWeVc R h c Zd T a]VeVU eYR_ SVW cV Ze Zd hcZeeV_ EYV bfVd
eZ _d cRZdVU Z_ eYZd S aRceZTf]Rc]j Z_ 7RSZV_ = gj|d TYRaeVc YZXY]ZXYe eYV
cV]ReZ _dYZa SVehVV_ hYRe YV TR]]d RcTYV hcZeZ_X R_U eYV bfVdeZ _ W ecR_d Zd
dZ _ : WeV_ h _UVc hYVeYVc : R R T a dVc Z_ eYV cR] ecRUZeZ _ 2_U T _dZU
VcZ_X 7RSZV_ = gj|d TYRaeVc : eYZ_ eYRe eYV bfVdeZ _ YRd dfcV]j SVV_ a _UVcVU

7 c cV Z_W c ReZ _ _ eYZd aZVTV dVV > =VgZ_Rd #!")R

18
 Sound and Sense in Musical Phrases

Sj bfZeV R ] e W T a dVcd EYc fXY eR] d eYRe : YRgV XZgV_ : cVR]ZdVU eYRe j
VRdj Z_eVXcReZ _ WZcde hZeY eYV 8c faV UV CVTYVcTYVd >fdZTR]V RWeVc W f_UZ_X
eYV V_dV S]V =|ZeZ_ cRZcV R_U eYV_ Re :C42> hRd RZUVU Sj j T a]V V_e
Rcj c ]Vd Rd S eY T a dVc R_U aZR_Zde EYRe Zd : R d V _V hY R Vd YZd
h_ d f_U >R Z_X _V|d h_ d f_U Zd ]RcXV]j R bfVdeZ _ W cTYVdecReZ _ R_U
cTYVdecReZ _ cV RZ_d W T _dZUVcRS]V Z_eVcVde e URj 7c j a Z_e W gZVh
Rd R T a dVc R_U Rd R eVRTYVc Re :C42>|d df Vc RTRUV j cTYVdecReZ _
R Vd Ze _VTVddRcj e cVW]VTe _ eYV UZdd TZReZ _ SVehVV_ g TR]Zej R_U eZ ScV
SgZ fd]j eYV gVcj _ eZ _ W cTYVdecReZ _ d VeZ Vd VR_d eYRe eYV cTYVd
ecR cTYVdecReVd , _VgVceYV]Vdd Ze R]d dfXXVded eYRe eYV cTYVdecR Z_eVcacVed
ecR_d]ReVd c ecR_dTcZSVd d VeYZ_X eYRe ViZdeVU SVW cV c VgV_ TR_ SV dVV_ Rd
R_ V_eZej hZeY Zed h_ a hVc W RSdecRTeZ _ _V eYRe TR_ V_RS]V eYV ecR_dTcZa
eZ _ W R bfVdeZ _ EYZd bfVdeZ _ R]d ScZ_Xd hZeY Ze R ac S]V W Tf]efcV R_U
R ac S]V W ]R_XfRXV EYRe Zd e dRj TR_ hV cVR]]j _ h hYRe cTYVdecReZ _ Zd
R_U hYRe YRaaV_d hYV_ R eZ ScV Zd Z_eVXcR] R_U T _deZefeVd aRce W eYV ZUV_eZej
W R h c c VgV_ hYV_ eZ ScV ZedV]W Zd R_R]jdVU Rd R d fcTV W c W c 0
EYVdV bfVdeZ _d R]d UV _decReV Y h TcVRe cd decfXX]V e dfcgZgV, Sfe W
T fcdV _V fde d VeZ Vd RXcVV e UZV hZeY _V|d h c EYRe hRd ecfV
RWeVc R]] SVW cV eYV _Z_VeVV_eY TV_efcj+ RceZded TcVReVU hZeY fe h ccjZ_X
hYVeYVc eYV h c h f]U SV ecR_d ZeeVU c cV RZ_ R h c W eYV acVdV_e R
TfccV_e h c HV TR_ WZ_U eYVdV bfVdeZ _d W c ViR a]V Z_ eYV WZV]U W hcZeeV_
cYjeY ZT ecR_dTcZaeZ _ Z_ aRceZTf]Rc Z_ eYV dj_eRi W fdZTR] ]R_XfRXV, eYVj TR_
R]d SV W f_U Z_ Z ac gZdReZ _ R_U Z_ eYV ecR_dZeZ _ Wc hcZeZ_X e Z ac gZd
ReZ _ R_U Z_ eYV gV Wc Z ac gZdReZ _ Wc a]RjZ_X e hcZeZ_X SVTRfdV
TYc _ ] XZTR]]j eYZ_Xd YRgV_|e R]hRjd gVU Wc hcZeZ_X e Z_eVcacVeReZ _
CVXRcU]Vdd Ze WeV_ eR Vd fTY ] _XVc eYR_ _V h f]U eYZ_ e hcZeV h c d
VgV_ Z_ eYV ehV_eZVeY R_U ehV_ej WZcde TV_efcZVd eYZd hRd R aRceZTf]Rc ac S]V
RWeVc eYV " !d W c T a dVcd dfTY Rd :R__Zd IV_R Zd
>j T a dZeZ _ CVS Ud > =VgZ_Rd " W c eh aZR_ d W]feV gZ ]Z_ TV]]
R_U T]RcZ_Ve Rc VU R_ eYVc UVgV] a V_e Z_ j h c Z_ cV]ReZ _ e eYVdV bfVd
eZ _d EYV aZVTV|d W c hRd T _TVZgVU Rd R T] dVU ] a eYRe ac TVVUd Wc eYV
dfaVca dZeZ _ W ZTc Z_eVcgR]]ZT UVd 2d : V_eZ _VU _V W eYV aZR_ |d
TYRcRTeVcZdeZTd Rd R_ Z_decf V_e Zd eYRe Ze Zd SRdVU _ WZiVU dTR]Vd R_U eYRe gVc
Zed UVgV] a V_e Ze T _ecZSfeVU e eYV YZde cj W W c d eYV ]R_XfRXV W dTR]Vd
R_U eYV _ eZ _ W R TYc _ ] Xj W dTR]Vd W c ViR a]V Rd dVV_ Z_ eYV R]eVcR
eZ _d Z_ VR_e _V ef_Z_Xd 7 c R] eV a cR]Zej UVcZgVd Wc eYV acZ_TZa]V W
R]eVcReZ _ R_ VgZUV_e YZde cZTR] aYV_ V_ _ EYZd TR_ SV W f_U Z_ j h c
_ aV_ decZ_Xd T cUVd gZUV R_U Z_ WZXfcVd TYRcRTeVcZdeZT W 8j cXj =ZXVeZ
3fe hYRe R Vd fa eYV h c |d d f_U0 EYZd R]d Z_g ]gVd eV a cR]Zej HYV_
_V ]ZdeV_d e eYV SVXZ__Z_X W CVS Ud _V YVRcd eYRe Ze Zd R aZVTV eYRe YRd SVV_
Wf_UR V_eR] e eYZd UVgV] a V_e : ViecRa ]ReVU eYV VjS RcU dTR]V Wc eYV
e _R] djdeV cVeRZ_Z_X eYV TReVX cZVd W e _R]Zej hYZ]V RUUZ_X TVceRZ_ 3Rc bfV
dej]V TY cUd :_ eYV hRj eYV VjS RcU dTR]V Vg ]gVd _V dVVd eYV h c Z_Xd W R

CVS Ud Zd SRdVU _ eYV ZUVR W eYcVV UVd _ eYcVV UZWWVcV_e]j efc_VU aZR_ d eYV WZcde ef_VU W ]] hZ_X
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19
 Michaël Levinas

djdeV W e eR] R]eVcReZ _ EYVcV RcV _ V]VTec _ZTd YVcV, eYVcV RcV _]j hcZe
Z_X R_U _ eReZ _ EYcVV ejaVd W dTR]Vd RcV dfaVca dVU+ R eV aVcVU djdeV R
djdeV R bfRceVc e _V RS gV R_U c_R V_eReZ _ Z_ dZieVV_eY e _Vd hYZTY
fdVd =Zdke|d eVTY_ZbfV W R eh ]VgV] VjS RcU R_U Zd Z_ WRTe hYRe _V WZ_Ud Z_
4YRddV _VZXV Wc YZd 5 fkV efUVd U Vi TfeZ ecR dTV UR eV R_U Z_ =Vd [Vfi
U|VRf UV ]R GZ]]R U|6deV Y hVgVc eYZd eZ V Ze Zd _ eYV aZR_ cReYVc eYR_ eYV
W]feV
=ZdeV_Z_X e S eY 3VVeY gV_|d AZR_ D _ReR ? # a """ R_U =ZXVeZ|d
efUVd _V cVR]ZdVd Y h eYVdV T a dVcd hVcV UcRh_ e dZ Z]Rc aYV_ V_R
?VRc]j R]] =ZXVeZ|d efUVd V_U R] de TYc ReZTR]]j ]Z V R T _eZ_ff VZeYVc
fahRcUd c U h_hRcUd hYZTY UcR ReZdVd eYV Rd 3VVeY gV_ UZU Z_ YZd
TRUV_TVd CVS Ud VgV_ ]VU =ZXVeZ e hcZeV V R ]VeeVc 9V YRU YVRcU R aRcRU i
ZTR] aYV_ V_ _ Z_ eYZd T a dZeZ _ R X]ZddR_U YV eY fXYe Sfe Ze Zd_|e R
X]ZddR_U , Ze RcZdVd Wc a ]jaY _j
HYRe Zd Z a ceR_e Zd hYRe cVRaaVRcd Z_ eYV h c Z_Xd W a ]jaY _j Z_ YRc
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Wf_UR V_eR] T a _V_e Rd Z_ >VddZRV_|d h c d W c ViR a]V c Z_ =ZXVeZ|d
V_UVRg fcd =ZXVeZ|d gVccZUZ_X ac S]V Z_ YZd efUVd W c Z_deR_TV Zd eYV
ac S]V W ac TVdd eYRe Zd eYV dZ f]eR_V fd aVcReZ _ W Wf_TeZ _R] YZVc
RcTYZVd R_U djdeV ReZdReZ _ Sj eYVc VTYR_Zd d hYZTY d VeZ Vd cVdV
S]V eY dV Z_ DeVgV CVZTY _V WZ_Ud Z_ 3Rce dZ Z]Rc]j R acZ_TZa]V W R]eVcZ_X
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4 afeVc SRdVU e ]d _ eRS]j bfR_eZWZTReZ _ R_U cVXZdecReZ _ RcV eVTY_ZbfVd
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_ eReZ _ Z_ UVeRZ] eR Vd R ] _X eZ V VdaVTZR]]j ZW hV ecj e bfR_eZWj eYV ]ReVde
UVgV] a V_ed EYfd Z_ ScZVW : a]Rj d VeYZ_X aVcYRad _ R >:5: VjS RcU
R_U eYZd Zd eYV_ ecR_dWVccVU e DZSV]Zfd hYZTY Zd eYV de fdVc WcZV_U]j ac XcR
W c eYZd Z_U W eYZ_X EYVcV W ]] hd R bfR_eZWZTReZ _ ac TVdd Raa]ZVU R]d e
cYjeY hYZTY Zd gVcj Z a ceR_e W c eYZd ejaV W hcZeZ_X : R Re eYV dR V eZ V
R aZR_Zde R_U R ]Zee]V SZe W R [Rkk R_, Re eYV dR V eZ V : S eY a]Rj R_U ecR_d Ze
_ eReZ _ e eYVcd

20
 Sound and Sense in Musical Phrases

? eReZ _ Zd _ e dRTcR]ZdReZ _ VZeYVc 3fe R]eY fXY Ze Zd _ e R ecR_d]ReZ _ W R

T a dVc|d ZUVRd eYVcV Zd deZ]] d VeYZ_X gVcj Z a ceR_e RS fe Ze :_ eYV fdZT
W 9V] fe =RTYV_ R__ _V TR_ dVV Y h R[ c UVgV] a V_ed Z_ YZd h c RcV
Z_ df RTT f_eRS]V e eYV hcZeZ_X R_U _ eReZ _ W fdZbfV T Tc eV Z decf V eR]V
E URj Z_ R a de daVTecR]Zd VcR hcZeZ_X eVTY_ZbfVd R]] h j f_XVc T a dVcd
e h c hZeY eZ ScR] T a]ViZeZVd hYZTY RcV R]cVRUj _Vh deVad Z_ eYVZc RSdecRTe
cV]ReZ _dYZa hZeY hcZeZ_X EYVdV UVgV] a V_ed ScZ_X _Vh ZddfVd e eYV W cV Sfe
_ e R_dhVcd : U _ e SV]ZVgV Z_ R_dhVcd
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Z_decf V_e Rd dV_dZeZgV Rd eYV T]RgZTY cU EYV T a dZeZ _ Zd R]d SRdVU _ eYZd
Sc RUVc T _TVaeZ _ W daRTV R_U eYV a hVc W eYV aZR_ daRTV aZR VdaRTV
4]VRc]j Rd hV dRh hZeY CVS Ud _ e _]j eYV SVRe Sfe R]d dfaVca dVU dTR]Vd
R_U acZ_TZa]Vd W R]eVcReZ _ Z_ec UfTV Z_ aRceZTf]Rc d VeYZ_X eYRe hZ]] SV gVcj
Z a ceR_e ]ReVc _ Z_ eYZd TYRaeVc+ eYRe Zd eYV _ eZ _ W R YRc _ZT XcZU W R_
Vg ]feZ _ eYRe Zd _ e dZ a]j R ac TVdd Rd dVV_ Z_ =ZXVeZ|d h c d c VgV_ eY dV W
8 cRcU 8cZdVj Sfe eYRe YRgV T]VRc W c R] Z a]ZTReZ _d
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d f_U hYVeYVc gZ_X fa c gZ_X U h_ : h c VU eYV SVReZ_X W aZR_
TY cUd e dfXXVde R d ce W ehV_ej WZcde TV_efcj a de 3Rc bfV VjS RcU : R]d
h c VU hZeY R_U R gVcj fTY Z_ ] gV hZeY W ceVaZR_ d 6Rc]ZVc : YRU
h c VU _ R UZWWVcV_e aZVTV _ R "()) W ceVaZR_ hYZTY WWVcVU R aRceZTf]Rc
ejaV W aZR_ daRTV :_ Vd U dZ V TVd : h c VU hZeY R 4]Rc V W ceVaZR_ dR
a]Z_X Ze Z_ R hRj eYRe UZU _ e UR RXV Zed d _ c fd daRTV R_U cVR]ZdZ_X Zed ecfV
daReZR] bfR]ZeZVd
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W eYZd h c hRd U _V Z_ T ]]RS cReZ _ hZeY ;VR_ =fT A]fgZVc DeRceZ_X Wc
aV_ decZ_Xd Z_daZcVU Sj =ZXVeZ eYZd h c ScZ_Xd fd SRT e CRTY R_Z_ WW
Sfe R]d e ; YR__ DVSRdeZR_ 3RTY|d 3cR_UV_SfcX 4 _TVce d UVgV] aVU hZeY
eYV a]RZ_eZgV d f_U ac gZUVU Sj eYV 4]Rc V W ceVaZR_ hYZTY Zd fdVU Z_ eYV
aVcR SVehVV_ eYV WZcde R_U dVT _U dTV_Vd R_U Z_ eYV eYZcU RTe EYVcV : cVgZdZe R
acV TTfaReZ _ : YRgV ] _X YRU Z_ fdZT hZeY dj aReYVeZT gZScReZ _ hYZTY YRd
SVV_ TR]]VU UZcej d f_U Sfe hYZTY TR_ SV W f_U Z_ eYV _Z_VeVV_eY TV_efcj
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EYV d f_U XcRSd _V, eYV aZR_ WZ_Ud Zed a ]jaY _ZT R_U YRc _ZT Wf_TeZ _
R_U cV gVc d VeYZ_X W Zed VddV_TV EYV VddV_TV W T a dZeZ _ hZeY eYV
VjS RcU Zd e h c hZeY hYRe R Vd eYV Z_decf V_eR] d f_U V eZgV EYZd
]ZVd Z_ eYV VaYV VcR]Zej W eYV ReeRT Z_ eYV eVTY_ZbfV Sfe hV dY f]U _VgVc
W cXVe eYRe eYVcV Zd _ dZ_X]V hRj e a]Rj eYV aZR_ :W : hR_e e R V R aYcRdV
Sj > kRce d f_U X U : fde cV]j fa _ R eVTY_ZbfV eYRe deV d Wc eYV T]RgZ
TY cU :W : a]Rj W ]] hZ_X eYV ecfV CfddZR_ dTY ] Ze Zd eYV a ddZSZ]Zej W ]VXRe
eYRe eR Vd T _ec ], c eYV a ddZSZ]ZeZVd W U eRTY eYRe RcV aRce W eYV eVTY_ZbfVd
_ e _]j W R [Rkk a]RjVc Sfe R]d W G]RUZ Zc 9 c hZek c W aZR_Zded dfTY Rd
8]V__ 8 f]U, c eYV hRj eYV d f_U UZdRaaVRcd
EYV aZR_ hRd eYV cZXZ_ W c j cVdVRcTY _ daRTV R_U eYV V_UZ_Xd W d f_U
3fe ]Ve fd gV _ e aYcRdV R_U V] Uj hZeYZ_ eYZd d _ c fd fdZTR] h c]U

21
 Michaël Levinas

7c d f U e a cRd R U U
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ReeVcd W aYcRdV c V] Uj RcV SVj _U V SVj _U R]] W fd jVe _VgVceYV]Vdd
acVdV_e Z_ R]] TZgZ]ZkReZ _d R_U Tf]efcVd HYRe : TR_ RceZTf]ReV Zd eYfd gVcj ]Z
ZeVU, Sfe : hZ]] ecj e UVWZ_V eYV VddV_eZR] V]V V_ed R_jhRj 7Zcde hYRe Zd eYV
VddV_TV W V] Uj R_U Zed cV]ReZ _ e aYcRdV0
:_ R_ ViTZeZ_X aVcZ U eYV ehV_eZVeY TV_efcj Z_ hYZTY TReVX cZVd R_U aRcR
VeVcd hVcV SVZ_X cVUVWZ_VU j eVRTYVc ]ZgZVc >VddZRV_ hRd RS]V e Z RXZ_V
R_U e dVRcTY W c Z_ R gVcj T]RddZTR] hRj eYV gVcj VddV_TV W fdZTR] decfT
efcVd VdaVTZR]]j Z_ cV]ReZ _ e eYV d _ c fd h c]Ud W SZcUd _X R_U a]RZ_d _X
2]eY fXY YZd h c ZXYe dVV e SV ]Z ZeVU e HVdeVc_ 6fc aV >VddZRV_|d
defUZVd W 8cVV VecZTd R_U W TZTRURd dY h eYRe YV hRd eYZ_ Z_X cV Sc RU]j
9V hRd eYfd Wf]]j RhRcV W cR] ecRUZeZ _d hYZTY TR V e YZ Rd aRce W eYV cZTY
UVgV] a V_e W VeY_ XcRaYZTR] R_U VeY_ ] XZTR] Z_W c ReZ _ Z_ eYV ehV_eZVeY
TV_efcj
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fdZTR] aYcRdV R_U _ e V] Uj R UZdeZ_TeZ _ hYZTY : hZ]] T]RcZWj ]ReVc :_
eYV hcZeZ_X W j aVcRd Sfe R]d Z_ j Z_decf V_eR] aZVTVd TVceRZ_ UR]ZeZVd
VdeRS]ZdY eYV eVie fdZT cV]ReZ _dYZa R_U eYV V] UZT dj_eRi hYZTY : YRgV [fde
V_eZ _VU hZeY cVXRcU e ReeVcd W ]R_XfRXV R_U Zed af_TefReZ _d hZeY fe
eVie :_ TVceRZ_ Z_decf V_eR] aZVTVd : eYfd hZ]] daVR RS fe V] Uj R_U _ e [fde
RS fe aYcRdV R]eY fXY Z_ fdZT eYV V] Uj Zd WeV_ aYcRdVU : UVWZ_V V] Uj
Rd UZdeZ_Te Wc eYV Y cZk _eR] cXR_ZdReZ _ W hcZeZ_X+ j UVWZ_ZeZ _ Zd eYVcV
W cV VgV_ cV TZcTf dTcZSVU eYRe Zd : h _|e daVR W dVcZR] R_U a de dVcZR]
T SZ_Re cZTd >VddZRV_|d eVRTYZ_X Zd gVcj Z a ceR_e Z_ eYZd T _eVie SVTRfdV
Ze Z_bfZcVd Z_e eYV UZdRaaVRcR_TV W RTT aR_ZVU V] Uj gZd gZd eYV UZd
RaaVRcR_TV W eYV ]R_XfRXVd eYRe XV_VcReV eYV V] Uj R_U Ze cV Z_Ud fd Y h
RSdecRTe decfTefcVd cVXf]ReZ_X eYV cV]ReZ _dYZa SVehVV_ eYV Y cZk _eR] R_U eYV
gVceZTR] YRgV SVV_ gVcj Z a ceR_e R_U gVcj TcVReZgV Sfe Re eYV dR V eZ V R]d
gVcj ]Z ZeZ_X SgZ fd]j eYZd bfVdeZ _ W VVaZ_X c ] dZ_X eYV V] Uj ]VRUd fd
e Rd fcdV]gVd hYVcV R_U hYRe V] Uj Zd
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fTY W YZd eZ V : cV V SVc R_ ViecR cUZ_Rcj aYcRdV YV fdVU _V URj hYV_ :
T aZVU 5VSfddj|d dej]V Re eYV aZR_ + EYRe|d gVcj X U Sfe U _ e ] dV eYV V]
Uj EYfd YV cVgVR]VU eYRe YV UZU _ e YVRc V] Uj Z_ 5VSfddj
EYV ReeVc W V] Uj Z_ hcZeZ_X Zd Z_UVVU gVcj cVgVR]Z_X, Rd 7RSZV_ = gj V_
eZ _d V]dVhYVcV Z_ eYZd S Ze Zd aRce W eYV ViZdeV_TV c eYV _ _ ViZdeV_TV
W R fdZTR] ]R_XfRXV 2 fdZTR] TcVReZ _ c hcZeZ_X VZeYVc Zd c Zd_|e T ccV]
ReVU hZeY ]R_XfRXV EYV WZcde dZX_d W R__VcZd RcV V] UZT dYRaVd eYRe RcV
T a]VeV]j aReeVc_VU R_U hZeY fe R_j ]Z_ e ]R_XfRXV SVTRfdV eYV ]R_XfRXV
ZedV]W _ U fSe Zd Z_ R TcZeZTR] dZefReZ _ hYZTY Z]]VU R_j ehV_eZVeY TV_efcj
aVcRd 7 c R]] fdZTR] ]R_XfRXVd eYVcV Zd R TcZeZTR] a Z_e Z_ dVeeZ_X R eVie e

22
 Sound and Sense in Musical Phrases

fdZT R a Z_e Re hYZTY eYV eVie dZ_Xd c R aZVTV W fdZT daVR d EYZd WeV_
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decfTeVU W c ViR a]V Z_ <Rc]YVZ_k De T YRfdV_|d V eV c =fTZR_ 3VcZ |d
DVbfV kRd RcV Z_UVVU T _ e R_j Tf]efcVd S eY hcZeeV_ R_U cR]
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bfZeV Z acVddVU V 2 ]ZScVeeZde _TV XRgV V YZd ac ] XfV eVie R_U dRZU ER V
Wc eYZd hYReVgVc dZ_Xd e j f 7c eYZd hV cVT X_ZdV eYRe Z_ fdZT Re R
XZgV_ V_e Ze Zd _ e R bfVdeZ _ W dVeeZ_X eVie e fdZT Sfe W eVie eYRe
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dZ_Xd W T fcdV ]RcXV bfVdeZ _d cV RZ_ RS fe eYV cV]ReZ _ SVehVV_ ]ZeVcRcj
W c d W c eVied R_U fdZTR] W c d hYZTY RcV Z a ceR_e e aZTd Z_ eYVRecV R_U
aVcR e hYZTY hV TR_ _]j R]]fUV Z_ eYV T _eVie W eYZd TYRaeVc 3fe ]Ve|d
T _eZ_fV hZeY eYZd ZUVR W eR Z_X Wc R eVie hYReVgVc dZ_Xd e j f HYRe Zd
eYV _RefcV W eYV aYV_ V_ _ hYVcVSj fdZT ecR_d feVd eVie0 : hZ]] Raac RTY
d V W eYVdV bfVdeZ _d eYc fXY j h_ ViaVcZV_TV R_U Sj fdZ_X ViR a]Vd
eY fXY : hZ]] _ e X SVj _U eYV aYcRdV c Raac RTY eYV decfTefcV W eVie R_U
hYRe Ze ZXYe cVgVR] RS fe fdZTR] W c Z_ eYV eYVRecV
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dYZa SVehVV_ Z_decf V_eR] fdZT R_U g TR] fdZT R_U eYV Yf R_ S Uj & : UZd
TfddVU dfTY bfVdeZ _d hZeY j WReYVc eYV aYZ] d aYVc 6 R_fV] =VgZ_Rd hY
Z_ec UfTVU V e eVied eYRe da V W eYVdV bfVdeZ _d EVied Sj >RcTV] Ac fde Rd
hV]] Rd Sj ARf] GR] cj daVR W d f_U R_U VR_Z_X R_U eV a cR]Zej W hYRe ]ZVd
SVj _U d f_U EYVj ScZ_X fd SRT e fc TfccV_e bfVdeZ _d+ HYRe Zd R aYcRdV0
HYRe Zd R V] Uj0 HYRe Zd R V] UZT aYcRdV0 HYRe Zd R aYcRdVU V] Uj0 :_ VRTY
TRdV eYV R_dhVc Zd d VeYZ_X SVj _U eYV d f_U+ eYRe V] _XReVU aRfdV SVehVV_
eYV VR_Z_X R_U eYV d f_U W hYZTY ARf] GR] cj daVR d T _TVc_Z_X a Vecj
EYVdV WRc e ViYRfdeZgV bfVdeZ _d RcV afe e V Z_ j h c Rd R T a dVc
hYVeYVc Z_ j Z_decf V_eR] hcZeZ_X j g TR] h c d c j aVcRd : ZXYe
bf eV R dV_eV_TV Wc j WReYVc|d S 6iZdeV TV R U 6iZdeV ed+ eYV Z_deR_ed
W R V] Uj ViZde _]j Z_ UjZ_X 2 hc _X _ eV Zd R d f_U eYRe cVWfdVd e UZV
6 =VgZ_Rd " ()
HcZeeV_ Z_ " ( eYVdV ]Z_Vd T f]U SV cVRU Z_ eYV fdZTR] T _eVie W eYV RWeVc
ReY W eYV DVT _U H c]U HRc dZefReVU fedZUV eYV _Rcc h]j RVdeYVeZT ZddfVd
W eYV eZ V EYV Z_deR_ed W R V] Uj ViZde _]j Z_ UjZ_X cVWVcd e d VeYZ_X
SVj _U eYV d f_U _R V]j e eYV gVcj VddV_TV W eYV fdZTR] EYZd Zd acVTZdV]j
eYV a Z_e eYRe XRgV cZdV e eYV dTYZd Z_dZUV eYV daVTecR] dTY ] : _VgVc hR_eVU

& 8ZgV_ Re eYV d Z_RZcV UV ]|ZeZ_ cRZcV UVg eVU e eYV daVTecR] gV V_e Re hYZTY 8 cRcU 8cZdVj R_U
EcZdeR_ >fcRZ] hVcV acVdV_e

23
 Michaël Levinas

e ScZ_X eYV daVTecR] dTY ] SRT e eYV ReVcZR]Zej W eYV eYV V VgV_ ZW : UZU
U d Z_ eYV cVeZTR] hcZeZ_Xd E Zd ]ReV hYRe ZXYe TRfdV U fSed e RcZdV RS fe
eYV ]Rhd W eZ ScV Z_ Zed afcV ReVcZR]Zej Zd gVcj ac S]V ReZT, Ze Zd e dVaRcReV R
d f_U Wc Zed fdZTR] RdaVTed R_U Z a]ZTReZ _d R d f_U hYZTY Z_ Zed RTTVae
R_TV W UVc_Zej Zd R]cVRUj V] Uj : cVWVc e eYZd Rd RcdZd R_U eYVdZd R eZe]V
: XRgV e R T a dZeZ _ W c SRdd W]feV Z_ 4 Z_ " (" > =VgZ_Rd " (" 2 V] Uj
Z_daZcVd R_U ViaZcVd, R d f_U ecR_dTV_Ud Zed d _ZT ReVcZR]Zej Z_ UVReY ]Z V R
WRTV cVXZdeVcd R_ VaZaYR_j 2_U eYV V] UZT Zd eYV d f_U eYRe _ hd Y h e
UZV 9 hVgVc R]eY fXY eYV fdZTR] VddV_eZR]]j cVdZUVd Z_ eYV d f_U R d f_U
eViefcV YRd Zed h_ RT fdeZT ]Rhd eYRe RcV cVUfTZS]V R_U YRc _Z fd Z_ R_U W
eYV dV]gVd EYfd hYRe : TR]] eYV TcRT W eYV d f_U eYV ScVReY eYV ViaZcR
eZ _ eYV hRj R d f_U _ hd Y h e UZV Zd eYRe dfS]Z V R_U TcZeZTR] V_e
hYV_ eYV d f_U ecR_dTV_Ud Zed afcV ReVcZR]Zej Rd hV]] Rd eYV ]Rhd eYRe X gVc_
Ze EYZd eYV_ Zd _ e R bfVdeZ _ W eYV cV]ReZ _dYZa SVehVV_ VR_Z_X R_U d f_U
Sfe RS fe eYV gVcj decfTefcV W eYV fdZTR] hZeYZ_ hYZTY hV TR_ ac [VTe c dVV
cV]ReZ _dYZad
HYRe RS fe V] Uj R_U aYcRdZ_X eYV_ hYVeYVc Z_decf V_eR] c g TR]0 HYRe
Zd eYV Z_decf V_eR]0 :_ UZdTfddZ_X eYV h c]U W Z_decf V_eR] fdZT : YRgV WeV_
fdVU VeRaY cd Wc 3Vc]Z k+ ZW _V ]ZdeV_d e eYV SVXZ__Z_X W eYV Dj aY ZV
WR eRdeZbfV _V UZdT gVcd eYRe R TYRcRTeVcZdeZT bfVdeZ _ RcZdVd RS fe eYV UVReY
W eYV RdTV_e R_U eYV UVReY W eYV d f_U hYRe _V ZXYe TR]] eYV dacZ_XZ_X
W ceY R_U eYV WR]]Z_X RhRj :_decf V_eR]]j Ze YRd eYV dR V decfTefcV Rd 4Y aZ_|d
3R]]RUV ? " a # W c ViR a]V+ _V WZ_Ud R_R] X fd Z_decf V_eR] VWWVTed
VgV_ Z_ eYV S hZ_X Z_ eYV acZ_TZaR]d X gVc_Z_X Z_decf V_eR] ScVReYZ_X R_U Z_
eYV decfTefcVd Raa]ZVU e ]R_XfRXV
=Ve V _ h cVefc_ e 6 R_fV] =VgZ_Rd|d 6iZdeV TV R U 6iZdeV ed " () R_U
Zed dVbfV] eYVchZdV EYR 3VZ X c 3Vj U 6ddV TV L" )"N " " R_U aRcRaYcRdV
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Z_decf V_e TRccZVd eYV g ZTV, Ze VieV_Ud eYV S Uj 7c eYRe hV TR_ dRj eYRe
Z_decf V_eR] eVTY_ZbfV Zed UVd W aVcW c R_TV RcV W eYV dR V cUVc Rd
UR_TV EYV S Uj R_U eYV Z_decf V_e RcV WfdVU EYfd eYV WZcde h c d hVcV
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eYV eZ ScV eYV V] UZT R_U eYV YRc _ZT 4R_ hV YVRc Z_ eYV V] Uj _]j
Zed ViaZcReZ _0 HYRe Zd eYV d _ cZej W eYZd ViaZcZ_X V] Uj0 DfcV]j eYVcV RcV
f]eZa]V bfVdeZ _d R_U R_dhVcd HYRe RS fe eYV cV]ReZ _dYZa SVehVV_ fdZTR]
]R_XfRXVd R_U ]R_XfRXVd dj_eRTeZT decfTefcVd R_U af_TefReZ _0 HYRe RS fe
eYV cV]ReZ _dYZa SVehVV_ eYV V] Uj eYRe UZVd R_U eViefR]Zej ]R_XfRXVd eYRe
dZ_X0 2 UjZ_X Z_decf V_eR] c g TR] V] Uj Zd ]Z V R UVdZ_V_TV R dfWWZi eYRe
UVWZ_ZeZgV]j V_Ud R h cU c dV_eV_TV RWeVc hYZTY _ eYZ_X WfceYVc TR_ SV RUUVU
E eYV WZcde aRce W eYZd TYRaeVc Z_ hYZTY : UZdTfddVU aZR_ZdeZT d f_U hV TR_
_ h RUU eYV Z a ceR_TV W aZR_ RTT aR_Z V_ed W c eYV g ZTV W c ViR a]V
Z_ _Z_VeVV_eY TV_efcj fdZT >R_j cV]ReZ _dYZad RcV SfZ]e Z_ eYZd T] dV cV]R
eZ _dYZa SVehVV_ Z_decf V_eR] g ZTV R_U Yf R_ g ZTV : hZ]] cVWVc RXRZ_ e
6 R_fV] =VgZ_Rd|d hcZeZ_Xd R_U e fc UZdTfddZ _d T _TVc_Z_X V] Uj R_U
Zed cV]ReZ _ e eYV dV_d cZR] =VgZ_Rd hcZeVd eYRe eYV V] Uj cZdVd R_U WR]]d e
cZdV RXRZ_, Ze gR_ZdYVd cVgZgVd R_U RXRZ_ UZVd :e Zd XV_VcReVU Sj eYV YRc _ZT

24
 Sound and Sense in Musical Phrases

acZ_TZa]Vd W eV a cR] eV_dZ _ ReecRTeZ _ cVd ]feZ _ Wc hYZTY RcZdV eYV

V_eZcVej W eYV e _R] djdeV EYV V] Uj T _dZded W T a]Vi V_ed eYRe W d
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V_e]j ceR] R_U ViaZcZ_X R dfTTVddZ _ W d f_Ud jZV]UZ_X e UVReY
EYVdV cVW]VTeZ _d R_U ViTYR_XVd ]VU e j j feYWf] T a dZeZ _ 2cdZd R U
EY dZd W c W]feV > =VgZ_Rd " (" EYV cVdaZcRe cj RdaVTed W eYV W]feV XV_VcReV R
_VVU W c V] Uj Sfe _ e acZ RcZ]j Sj VR_d W YRc _j+ Ze T f]U SV R_U Ze hZ]]
SV ]ReVc Sfe Ze Zd S c_ Z_ eYV ScVReY =ZdeV_Z_X e eYZd T a dZeZ _ _V cVR]ZdVd
eYV eV_dZ _ Z_ eYV V] UZT aYcRdVd R_U eYV acVdV_TV W cVdaZcReZ _
2 dVT _U Z_eVcVdeZ_X ViR a]V Z_ hYZTY cVdaZcReZ _ Zd _ ] _XVc Z]]fdecReVU Zd
2aaV]d " ( W c V]VgV_ Z_decf V_ed hYZTY Zd _V W eYV W f_UZ_X aZVTVd W eYV
daVTecR] gV V_e > cV cVTV_e]j : ecZVU e Z_ec UfTV R g ZTV Z_e eYV Z_decf
V_eR] d f_U : hRd Z_eVcVdeVU Z_ decfTefcZ_X eYV ReeRT ecR_dZV_e W ]RfXYeVc
Sfe Re eYV eZ V eYZd aRceZTf]Rc ZUVR ac gVU Z a ddZS]V e Z a]V V_e :e e
RS fe ehV_ej jVRcd SVW cV : T f]U U Ze, Z_ eYRe eZ V YjScZUZdReZ _d SVehVV_
g ZTV Z_decf V_ed R_U eVied YRU Xc h_ Z_ Z a ceR_TV ?VgVceYV]Vdd Ze Zd eYVcV
Z_ 2aaV]d TR]]Z_X e eYV S Uj hZeY d f_Ud eYRe RcV _ e dZ a]V HYV_ Re eYV eZ V
: dY hVU eYZd dT cV e 5feZ]]Vfi IV_R Zd R_U R WVh eYVc aV a]V eYVj R]] Rd VU
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V]V V_ed eYRe e XVeYVc ecZXXVcVU R WZXfcV daVTecR] Sj eYV hRj Xc f_UVU Z_
V_VcXj dacZ_XZ_X W ceY R_U WR]]Z_X RhRj
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TcVReZ _ RcV cV]ReVU R]d e Z acVddZ _d R_U ViaVcZV_TVd W ]ZWV R_U UVReY cV_
UVcVU Z_ Rce 7 c V eYVj RcV ]Z_ VU e Ac fde|d eVie _ eYV UVReY W eYV XcR_U
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: cVRU RWeVc T a dZ_X eYV h c EYV eVie Zd decZ Z_X SVTRfdV Ze cVW]VTed eYV
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W V] UZT fdZT HV WZ_U dZ Z]Rc V]V V_ed Z_ >VddZRV_|d h c _ V] UZT
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R_U WZWeVV_eY TV_efcZVd eVied acVdVcgVU TVceRZ_ fdZTR] decfTefcVd hYV_ _ eR
eZ _ UZU _ e jVe R]] h Ze EYV VR_Z_X dRgVU eYV d f_U, c Re ]VRde ZW Ze UZU _ e
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eYRe hV U _ e _ h hYRe YZVc X]jaYd d f_UVU ]Z V
2_ eYVc Z a ceR_e a Z_e T _TVc_d eYV Z_eVccV]ReZ _d SVehVV_ V] Uj eVie
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V_T f_eVcVU eYV decfTefcVd W eYV 7cV_TY ]R_XfRXV WZ]]VU hZeY e _R] V cZVd
W aVcVeeRd cVT cUZ_Xd R_U cVT cU a]RjVcd Wc 8V_Ve|d eZ V hYV_ d V
_V ]Z V 8V_Ve TY dV WWV_SRTY e ]ZdeV_ e _ YZd efc_eRS]V 3fe eYVcV Zd R

25
 Michaël Levinas

V_e hYV_ ]R_XfRXV YjaVcec aYZVd R_U ]R_XfRXV R_U dZ_XZ_X RcV _ ] _XVc
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YVRcU dfTY Rd eYV Ucf Z_X Z_ ;VR_ 8V_Ve|d eVie W c eYV V_e hYV_ gZ
]V_TV SVT Vd gVcj dec _X EYV 7cV_TY ]R_XfRXV YRd R_ ViecR cUZ_Rcj SZ]Zej
W ac d Uj hYZTY hRd eYV dfS[VTe W CZTYRcU DecRfdd R_U C RZ_ C ]R_U|d gVcj
Z_eVcVdeZ_X UZdTfddZ _d _ ecR_d]ReZ _ dVV DecRfdd R_U C ]R_U " ) R_U eYV
cVRd _ W c DecRfdd|d Z_T acVYV_dZ _ T aRcVU hZeY 5VSfddj
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eYV WZcde aRce W 5VSfddj|d A ] Rd Ve ]ZdR UV ZX_ cVU eYV WRTe eYRe eYV TV_ecR]
RiZd W eYV aVcR hRd _ _VeYV]Vdd cXR_ZdVU Sj VR_d W gVcj acVTZdV YRc _ZT
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TV_ecR] RiZd R_U eYV SVYRgZ fc W eYV dTR]V e _V Sj e _V eYRe ]VRUd e R_U
af_TefReVd 8 ]RfU|d UZR] XfV
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Z_ UZdTfddZ_X j aVcR V aVeZe acZ TV : W f_U R_ Z_eVcVdeZ_X Raac RTY e eYVdV
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=fTR L" & N #!!" &

26
 Sound and Sense in Musical Phrases

2_U eYV ]Rde dVTeZ _ Zd VgV_ cV ViecR cUZ_Rcj+

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eYV aZR_ daVR R_U Sj aVcTfddZ _ EYVdV h c d hVcV eYV Xc f_Uh c W c j
Z_gVdeZXReZ _ W eYV cV]ReZ _dYZa SVehVV_ d f_U R_U VR_Z_X Z_ eYV acVdV_e
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hYZTY : aRcRaYcRdV Rd W ]] hd+ D VeYZ_X eYRe Zd bfZeV > kRceZR_ Zd eYRe fdZT
Zd R_eYc a caYZT eYRe Zd e TcVReV R TYRcRTeVc R_U Zed V] Uj R_U Zed cYjeY
Zd Z_ R hRj ]Z V dVVZ_X R R_ Re eYV dR V eZ V Rd YVRcZ_X YZd V] Uj HYV_ :
eR V aYcRdVd cV Z_ZdTV_e W 4Y aZ_ c DTYf R__ : _VgVceYV]Vdd eYZ_ eYRe Z_
R]] eYVRecZTR] W c d eYV Z RXZ_Rcj Zd Z_ eYV d f_U R_U eYV Z RXZ_Rcj R_U eYV
Z RXV RcV Z_ eYV aYcRdV R_U eYV Z RXV Zd Z_ YRc _j R_U W c
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XfRXV R_U j f YVRc Zed d _Xd j f TR__ e cVa]RTV _V RTTV_e hZeY R_ eYVc
DaVR Z_X R ]R_XfRXV R]cVRUj R Vd Zed d _Xd Zed V] UZVd 2d R ecZgZR] ViR a]V
ZW _V aVcd _ ac _ f_TVd eYV h cU RZd Rd RZd ? R_U R_ eYVc dRjd

27
 Michaël Levinas

2:d Ze Zd _ e eYV dR V h cU : _VdT cVUfTVd eYZd SdVcgReZ _ e RSdfcU

Zej Z_ EYV Vdd hYVcV T feVRf L _ZWVN SVT Vd eYV TR]] W eYV TfT LT fT fN
LdVV : _VdT " & " " N :_ eYZd hRj da V_ ]R_XfRXV TR_ TcVReV R V] UZT
decfTefcV R_U Re eYV dR V eZ V R Z_U W YRc _ZT aRcR]]V] 8c X c|d da V_
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28
 Sound and Sense in Musical Phrases

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29
 Michaël Levinas
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Kathleen Coessens
Orpheus Institute, Ghent

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31
 Kathleen Coessens

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32
 On the Sensorial of Aesthetics

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33
 Kathleen Coessens

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34
 On the Sensorial of Aesthetics

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35
 Kathleen Coessens

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36
 On the Sensorial of Aesthetics

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37
 Kathleen Coessens

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38
 On the Sensorial of Aesthetics

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39
 Kathleen Coessens

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 On the Sensorial of Aesthetics

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41
 Kathleen Coessens

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 On the Sensorial of Aesthetics

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 Tim Ingold

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eYV URkk]V j f ViaVcZV_TV SVYZ_U T] dVU VjVd VgV_ Z_ eYV RSdV_TV W VieVc_R]
]ZXYe R_U eYV Sfkk W _VcgVd Z_dZUV j fc YVRU VgV_ Z_ eYV RSdV_TV W VieVc
_R] d f_U TR_ SV _ cV eYR_ gZdfR] c RfUZe cj YR]]fTZ_ReZ _d AVcYRad eYVj
Z ZT eYV dV_d cj VWWVTed W Via dfcV e VieVc_R] ]f Z_Rcj c d _ZT deZ f]Z

>fTY W eYZd ReeV_eZ _ YRd SVV_ eZgReVU Sj eYV eY fXYe eYRe Ze ZXYe T _TVc_ R]eVcVU deReVd W
T _dTZ fd_Vdd Rdd TZReVU hZeY ecR_TV c dYR R_ZT ViaVcZV_TV R_U eYVZc ViacVddZ _d Z_ Rce dVV =VhZd
HZ]]ZR d R_U 5 hd _ " ))
7 cRT V_eRcj R_U cVWVcV_TVd dVV DTYhRcek #!"" ("! ""

49
 Tim Ingold

Sfe eYVj RcV _ e ]ZXYe R_U d f_U Z_ eYV dV]gVd :W Y hVgVc hV R]] h eYRe fc
URkk]VU VjVd R_U SfkkZ_X VRcd U Z_UVVU WZ]] fc YVRUd hZeY ]ZXYe R_U d f_U
R_U eYRe eYVcV Zd _ VdTRaZ_X Wc VZeYVc VgV_ Z_ R URc c c R_VTY ZT
TYR SVc eYV_ VgZUV_e]j eYV aYjdZTd hZ]] _ e YV]a fd 4 f]U adjTY ] Xj WWVc
R_ R]eVc_ReZgV0 2cV ]ZXYe R_U d f_U Z_dZUV eYV YVRU cReYVc eYR_ fe eYVcV
Z_ eYV h c]U0 2cV eYVj RWWVTeReZ _d W eYV Z_U daRc VU WW Sj _VfcR] Z af]dVd
eYRe VZeYVc RcV ecZXXVcVU Z_ cVda _dV e VieVc_R] deZ f]ReZ _ c YRgV X _V WW _
eYVZc h_ RTT cU0 :W eYRe Zd d eYV_ ]ZXYe Zd ]ZXYe R_U d f_U Zd d f_U hYVeYVc
c _ e Ze TR_ SV ReecZSfeVU e R_ VieVc_R] d fcTV EYV SR_X eYRe : YVRc eYV_ Zd R
SR_X Z_ eYV YVRU cVXRcU]Vdd W R_j Via] dZ _ eYRe Rj YRgV eR V_ a]RTV ZW Re
R]] Z_ eYV h c]U dVV A cReY #!!) (
4]RddZTR] adjTY ] Xj Z RXZ_Vd eYRe R_ Z_eVcWRTV dVaRcReVd Z_U R_U h c]U
R_U VUZReVd R]] ViTYR_XVd SVehVV_ eYV EYRe Z_eVcWRTV Zd eYV S Uj Z_T]fU
Z_X Zed dV_d cj cXR_d dfTY Rd VjVd R_U VRcd Rd hV]] Rd eYV e fTY dV_dZeZgV V_gV]
aV W d Z_ _ eYV fedZUV eYV S Uj Zd V_VcXVeZTR]]j SfWWVeVU Sj aY e V]VT
ecZT cRUZReZ _ R_U Sj gZScReZ _d Z_ eYV VUZf _ eYV Z_dZUV Ze cVXZdeVcd ]ZXYe
R_U d f_U EYZd Zd R dVaRcReZ _ Y hVgVc eYRe Zd SV]ZVU Sj ViaVcZV_TV HV RcV
Z_YRSZeR_ed _ e W fc S UZVd Sfe W R h c]U EYV S Uj hZeY Zed cXR_d W dV_dV
RWW cUd R_ aV_Z_X e eYZd h c]U _ e R VR_d W dVaRcReZ _+ Ze WWVcd Via dfcV
_ eZ f_Zej =ZXYe R_U d f_U eYV_ RcV _VZeYVc Z_ YVcV _ c fe eYVcV
_VZeYVc V_eR] _ c aYjdZTR] _ eYV T _ecRcj eYV gVcj ViaVcZV_TV W ]ZXYe c
W d f_U Zd _V Z_ hYZTY eYV Z_eVcWRTV Zd UZdd ]gVU Z_ hYZTY Z_U R_U h c]U
eYV dV_dZ_X R_U eYV dV_dZS]V WfdV e XVeYVc R_U Z_ d U Z_X T _deZefeV R WZV]U
W aVcTVaeZ _ 2d eYV aYZ] d aYVc >RfcZTV >Vc]VRf A _ej " # "( afe Ze
]ZXYe R_U d f_U acVdV_e eYV dV]gVd Rd Z_Ud W dj SZ dZd TVceRZ_ hRjd eYV
fedZUV YRd W Z_gRUZ_X fd R_U TVceRZ_ hRjd hV YRgV W VVeZ_X eYZd Z_gRdZ _
EYV dj SZ dZd ZW j f hZ]] Zd W eYV RWWVTeZgV R_U eYV T d ZT HYVcVgVc eYV eh
T ]]ZUV hYVcV fc ReeV_eZ _ Zd ]Ve ] dV fa _ eYV h c]U eYVcV Zd ZX_ZeVU R
Z_U W daRc 9VcVZ_ dRjd >Vc]VRf A _ej ]ZVd eYV T _eZ_fR] SZceY W fc gZdfR]
RhRcV_Vdd eYRe Zd W ]ZXYe ZedV]W " " 3fe YV T f]U YRgV dRZU [fde eYV
dR V W d f_U dVV :_X ]U #!"& "!( )
=Ve fd cVefc_ e HZ]]ZR ;R Vd R_U eYV _VhS c_ SRSj RddRZ]VU Rd YV dRjd
Sj S] Z_X SfkkZ_X T _WfdZ _ aV_Z_X Zed VjVd fa _ eYV h c]U W c eYV WZcde
eZ V eYV SRSj cVT X_ZdVd _ eYZ_X EYV WZcde eZ V hV dVV ]ZXYe hc eV ;R Vd
") # " hV RcV Ze cReYVc eYR_ dVV Ze & DecfT S]Z_U Wc eYRe V_e eYV
SRSj _VgVceYV]Vdd _ hd d VeYZ_X eYRe Zed V]UVcd cVT X_ZdZ_X VgVcjeYZ_X
eYVj dVV Rc f_U eYV YRgV ] _X W cX eeV_+ R dV_dV W hYRe ]ZXYe cVR]]j Zd Z_ Zed
WZcde Z_TRc_ReZ _ ? e f_eZ] hV WZ_U fcdV]gVd ] de Z_ R hYZeV fe cV Z_U]Z_X eYV
ViaVcZV_TV W eYRe WZcde aV_Z_X U Vd eYV V cj cVefc_ 4 f]U Ze SV eYV
dR V hZeY d f_U0 EYV SRSj Zd Z VcdVU Z_ d f_U ] _X SVW cV SVZ_X Via dVU e
]ZXYe W c Zed RfUZe cj RhRcV_Vdd YRd R]cVRUj UVgV] aVU Z_ eYV SfSS]Z_X eYf a
Z_X R_U XfcX]Z_X V_gZc _ V_e W eYV h S AVcYRad Z_ eYV ViaVcZV_TV W eYV
f_S c_ TYZ]U d f_U Zd _ e hYRe eYV TYZ]U YVRcd Sfe hYRe dYV c YV Zd f_eZ]

& ;R Vd ") # " YZ dV]W TcVUZed eYZd Z_dZXYe e eYV VZXYeVV_eY TV_efcj aYZ] d aYVc eZV__V 3 __ e
UV 4 _UZ]]RT

50
 Noise, Sound, Silence

eYRe V_e W SZceY hYV_ eYV TYZ]U SVT Vd R SVZ_X W eYV ]ZXYe Rd hV]] W
T fcdV hV hVcV R]] eYVcV _TV 2_U hYZ]V hV TR_ _]j daVTf]ReV Rd e hYRe Ze
fde YRgV SVV_ ]Z V Ze dVV d eYRe eYV acZ cUZR] V cj W d f_U YRd _ e
SVV_ VcRUZTReVU Z_ eYV Z_Ud W UVc_ aV a]V e eYV VieV_e eYRe hV YRgV ] de
eYV V cj W ]ZXYe EYV UZWWVcV_TV dY hd fa Z_ eYV cRUZTR] UZdeZ_TeZ _ eYRe Zd
T _]j UcRh_ Z_ d TR]]VU HVdeVc_ d TZVeZVd SVehVV_ gZdZ _ R_U YVRcZ_X
HV dVV eYZ Xd Ze Zd dRZU Sfe YVRc d f Ud :_X ]U #!!! # HYj Zd eYRe0 HYj
dY f]U eYV S[VTed W gZdZ _ RaaVRc Sc V_ WW Wc eYV ]ZXYe eYRe cV_UVcd eYV
e fd hYVcVRd eYV eYZ_Xd hV YVRc dVV e SV dTf]aeVU Wc eYV gVcj defWW W
d f_U ZedV]W 0

R e d fe
2TT cUZ_X e R hZUV]j YV]U gZVh gZdZ _ dVed eYZ_Xd Re R UZdeR_TV Z_ eYVZc ac aVc
a]RTVd 2_U ] Z_X Zd R eRcXVeVU RTe W aVcTVaeZ _ :_ eYVZc gVcS d aVZ e
] eYV R_TZV_e 8cVV d T aRcVU Ze e dY eZ_X R_ Rcc h 3fe YVRcZ_X hV RcV
e ]U Zd Z VcdZgV+ Ze ]Ved d f_U Z_ XReYVcZ_X Ze Wc VgVcj UZcVTeZ _ R_U T _
TV_ecReZ_X Ze Re eYV gVcj T cV W fc RhRcV_Vdd HV WZ_U fcdV]gVd _ e dVe RaRce
Sfe Re eYV TV_ecV W fc RfUZe cj h c]U ? h e eYZd _V T f]U W T fcdV S[VTe
eYRe ]ZdeV_Z_X e eYZ_Xd TR_ SV [fde Rd eRcXVeVU Rd ] Z_X Re eYV + Z_UVVU eYV
_V RddZded eYV eYVc dZ_TV Z_ dhZgV]]Z_X eYV YVRU e SR]R_TV eYV RfUZe cj Z_afe
Wc eYV d fcTV fc VjVd RcV acVTZdV]j cZV_eVU Z_ Zed UZcVTeZ _ YV]aZ_X fd aZT
Ze fe 2_U T _gVcdV]j eYV ]f Z_ fd ViaVcZV_TV W R hYZeV fe TR_ SV [fde Rd
Z VcdZgV Rd eYRe W R]] Rc f_U _ ZdV [fde Rd T _deZefeZgV W fc ViZdeV_TV Rd
dV_eZV_e SVZ_Xd :e dVV d eYRe Z_ eYVZc VRXVc_Vdd e T _ecRde gZdZ _ R_U YVRcZ_X
dTY ]Rcd YRgV Z_RUgVceV_e]j TY dV_ e W cVXc f_U eRcXVeVU aVcTVaeZ _ Z_ eYV
W c Vc TRdV R_U Z VcdZgV ViaVcZV_TV Z_ eYV ]ReeVc EYZd Zd YRcU]j e T aRcV
]Z V hZeY ]Z V :_UVVU eYV R]]VXVU T _ecRde SVehVV_ YVRcZ_X R_U gZdZ _ dVV d
e YRgV SVV_ Z_ec UfTVU Rd R dfcc XReV W c R UZdeZ_TeZ _ W cV Wf_UR V_eR]
_e ] XZTR] T _dVbfV_TV SVehVV_ eYV _RdTV_e ViaVcZV_TV W R h c]U Z_ T _
deR_e SVT Z_X Rd ZW f_UVcX Z_X T _eZ_f fd SZceY Z_ hYZTY eYZ_Xd RcV VgVc
_ eYV a Z_e W V VcXZ_X Wc eYV W]fiVd W eYVZc XV_VcReZ _ R_U eYV cVec
daVTeZgV cVgZVh W R h c]U W SVZ_X Z_ hYZTY VgVcjeYZ_X YRd R]cVRUj acVTZaZ
eReVU fe R_U YRd WR]]V_ hYVcV Ze hZ]] Z_ eYZd a dZeZ _ c eYRe
EYfd VRTY eZ V : ZUV_eZWj R eYZ_X : YVRc hZeY Zed d f_U : R cV Z_UVU W eYV
h c Ze eR Vd e UZWWVcV_eZReV S eY jdV]W Rd YVRcVc R_U eYV eYZ_X YVRcU Wc
eYV T _eZ_ff Z_ hYZTY hV hVcV S eY acZ cUZR]]j Z VcdVU EYV eYZ_X YRd
e SV RUV fe R_U Z_ d U Z_X : R V jdV]W fe Rd hV]] WRdYZ _Z_X R dV]W
Z_ eYV gVcj RTe W YVRcZ_X HcRaaVU fa Z_ eYV d f_U W eYV eYZ_X Zd eYV V
cj W Zed _TV YRgZ_X SVV_ UZdd ]gVU Z_ R_ TVR_ W gZScR_e ReVcZR]d R_U
hcRaaVU Z_ j YVRcZ_X W Ze Zd eYV V cj W YRgZ_X SVV_ W] UVU Sj _ ZdV

DZXYe Zd ]ReVd d f_U Z_T ca cReVd HYVcVRd dZXYe dZefReVd eYV SdVcgVc fedZUV hYRe YV gZVhd Re R
UZdeR_TV d f_U a fcd Z_e eYV YVRcVc GZdZ _ T Vd e R Yf R_ SVZ_X Wc _V UZcVTeZ _ Re R eZ V
HYV_ : YVRc Y hVgVc : XReYVc d f_U Wc VgVcj UZcVTeZ _ Re _TV+ : R Re eYV TV_eVc W j RfUZe cj
h c]U hYZTY V_gV] ad V VdeRS]ZdYZ_X V Re R Z_U W T cV W dV_dReZ _ R_U ViZdeV_TV j f TR_ Z
VcdV j fcdV]W Z_ YVRcZ_X Z_ d f_U EYVcV Zd _ hRj e Z VcdV j fcdV]W dZ Z]Rc]j Z_ dZXYe _X " )#
(#

51
 Tim Ingold

VgV_ SVW cV : hRd S c_ :_ YVRcZ_X j RfUZe cj RhRcV_Vdd cV RZ_d dRefcReVU

hZeY eYV VUZf hYV_TV Ze V VcXVU Rd Zd eYV eYZ_X YVRcU EYV afkk]V Zd hYj
hV UVc_ aV a]V dY f]U YRgV T V e eYZ_ d UZWWVcV_e]j RS fe gZdZ _+ hYj
Ze Zd eYRe hYV_ hV fdV fc VjVd cReYVc eYR_ fc VRcd hV dY f]U eYZ_ W fcdV]gVd
Rd R]cVRUj T a]VeVU SVZ_Xd R_U W eYV h c]U Rd _V Z_ hYZTY VgVcjeYZ_X YRd
WR]]V_ WZ_R]]j Z_e a]RTV :e dVV d eYRe Rd gZdZ _ YRd SVV_ T aeVU e dVcgV eYV
V_Ud W eYV UVc_ ac [VTe W S[VTeZWZTReZ _ hV YRgV W cX eeV_ Y h eYZ_Xd
RcV _ e [fde eYVcV e SV dVV_ Sfe YRgV eYV dV]gVd e SV RUV fe Wc Zde c
URc _Vdd Rd dTf]aefcVd W ]ZXYe R_U dYRU h 2_U d hV dRj W R eYZ_X c ReeVc
eYRe Ze RaaVRcd Rd eY fXY eYV Ze hVcV R]cVRUj eYVcV hRZeZ_X e SV cVgVR]VU e
fc acjZ_X VjVd hYZ]V S]ZgZ fd e eYV RaaVRcZ_X eYRe fde SV U _V e ScZ_X
Ze W ceY E dRj RaaVRcd Ze Rd aYjdZTZde 9V_cZ 3 ce We #!"# & cV Rc d
Rj SV XcR ReZTR]]j RSVccR_e Sfe Ze Zd SVeeVc aYZ] d aYZTR]]j
AVcYRad eYV T aeZ _ W gZdZ _ YRd d VeYZ_X e U hZeY eYV ecR_d]fTV_TV W
X]Rdd eYV fSZbfZej W Zcc cd R_U eYV T _bfVde W eYV URc Sj V]VTecZT ]ZXYe 2d
R ReVcZR] X]Rdd Zd _ e _RefcR]]j ecR_d]fTV_e R_U Ze YRd eR V_ R RddZgV eVTY_
] XZTR] VWW ce e UVgV] a ac TVUfcVd e R V Ze d EYZd VWW ce YRd SVV_ UcZgV_
Sj R_ ZUVR] W aVcWVTeZ _ RTT cUZ_X e hYZTY eYV ecfeY W eYZ_Xd Zd e SV dVV_
S[VTeZgV]j Rd eYc fXY R hZ_U h jVe hZeY fe UZde ceZ _ AVcWVTe]j ecR_d]fTV_e
X]Rdd dVaRcReVd fd Wc eYV S[VTe W aVcTVaeZ _ hYZ]V jVe RWW cUZ_X R T ccVTe
R_U T a]VeV aZTefcV 2_U ZW X]Rdd T a]VeVd eYV h c]U Rd Zed aZTefcV eYV Zc
c c T a]VeVd eYV dV]W Z_ Zed h_ Z RXV HV U _ e _VVU eYVcd Z_ hY dV VjVd
hV TR_ WRdYZ _ fcdV]gVd hYV_ eYV Zcc c Rd AVeVc D] eVcUZ[ #!"" #!& YRd
Ze R]cVRUj ac gZUVd eVTY_ZTR] VR_d W dV]W T a]VeZ _ 7Z_R]]j hZeY V]VTecZT
]ZXYe eYZ_Xd V VcXV Wc eYV dYRU hd Rd Wf]]j W c VU S[VTed Z_ eYVZc h_
cZXYe XZgV_ Z_UVaV_UV_e]j W eYVZc Z]]f Z_ReZ _ 3fe eYc fXY fe eYV XcVReVc
aRce W Yf R_ YZde cj Z]]f Z_ReZ _ eYc fXY eYV ] _X Y fcd W URc _Vdd TR V
_]j Wc eYV ]ZXYe W eYV ]R a c eYV WZcV X]Rdd ZW fdVU Re R]] hRd f_VgV_
R_U aRceZR]]j aRbfV hYZ]V _]j eYV hReVcd W R T]VRc a ] T f]U WWVc cVW]VT
eZ _ EYZ_Xd ] VU UZWWVcV_e eYV_ EYV ;RaR_VdV _ gV]Zde ;f_ZTYZcō ER_ZkR Z
Z_ YZd T]RddZT VddRj : AcRZdV W DYRU hd UVdTcZSVd Y h ecRUZeZ _R] ]RTbfVchRcV
WZ_ZdYVU Z_ URc dYRUVd W S]RT Sc h_ c cVU Sfe UVT cReVU hZeY W]VT d W dZ]
gVc R_U X ]U h f]U T V Z_e Zed h_ Z_ R c ]Ze _ e Sj eYV df_ c V]VTecZTZej
Sfe Sj R dZ_X]V ]R_eVc_ c TR_U]V 5f]] R_U XRcZdY Sj URj Z_ eYV ]R a]ZXYe W
R_ VgV_Z_X eYV hRcV h f]U X] h :e hRd RUV e SV dVV_ Z_ eYV URc ER_ZkR Z
L" ((N #!!" #" #&
HYV_ hV R V fe d f_Ud Wc dZ]V_TV eYV_ RcV hV _ e U Z_X d VeYZ_X
gVcj dZ Z]Rc e ER_ZkR Z hYV_ YV RU ZcVd ]RTbfVchRcV Sj TR_U]V]ZXYe0 :_ eYV
W]ZT VcZ_X W]R V eYV hRcV V VcXVd Wc eYV dYRU hd :e Zd RaaVRcVU RUV fe
AVcYRad hV dY f]U T aRcV d f_U eYV_ e R W]R V ? h eYVcV RcV eh hRjd
W UVdTcZSZ_X R W]R V R_U Z_ UcRhZ_Xd eYVdV RcV WeV_ T SZ_VU EYV W]R V
ZedV]W Zd T _gV_eZ _R]]j UcRh_ hZeY Tfcgj ]Z_Vd eYRe cZdV fa Wc eYV hZT Sfe
Z_ _ UVeVc Z_ReV UZcVTeZ _ EYV T _gV_eZ _ T _gVjd R dV_dV W eYV ]ZgV]Z_Vdd
W R_ RaaRcZeZ _ eYRe ViZded _]j Z_ eYV ac TVdd W T SfdeZ _ 7R__Z_X Z_ R]]
UZcVTeZ _d Wc R a Z_e Re eYV TV_ecV W eYV W]R V Y hVgVc hV UcRh R_ eYVc dVe
W ]Z_Vd EYVdV RcV RSd ]feV]j decRZXYe R_U cZV_eVU :_ eYV h c]U eYV UcRhZ_X

52
 Noise, Sound, Silence

UVaZTed R]eY fXY hV TR_ dVV eYV W]R V _ dfTY ]Z_Vd TR_ SV dVV_ 3fe eYVj RcV
VR_e e Z_UZTReV eYV cRjd eYRe Z_gZdZS]V Z_ eYV dV]gVd cV_UVc gZdZS]V eYV dfc
WRTVd _ hYZTY eYVj WR]] HV W ]] h eYV dR V T _gV_eZ _ hYV_ hV UcRh eYV df_
Rd R TZcT]V hZeY ]Z_Vd T Z_X fe ]Z V da Vd Wc eYV YfS W R hYVV] c deRcd Rd
WZXfcVd hZeY a Z_ed HYZTY W eYVdV eYV_ Zd ]ZXYe+ W]R V c cRjd0 AYjdZTd h f]U
R_dhVc hZeY eYV ]ReeVc =ZXYe T _dZded Z_ eYV cRjd hV TR__ e dVV Sfe hYZTY RWW cU
eYV dZXYe W eYZ_Xd R_U cRUZReV Z_ decRZXYe ]Z_Vd Wc R d fcTV 3fe ViaVcZV_TV
eV]]d fd eYVchZdV+ eYRe ]ZXYe TR_ SV dVV_ Rd a]RZ_]j Rd eYV TR_U]V W]R V, eYRe Ze
U Vd e ecRgV] Z_ decRZXYe ]Z_Vd Sfe Tfc]d fa R_U Rc f_U fTY ]Z V eYV d V
W R WZcV Sfe R] _X R aReY ceY X _R] e eYV cRUZZ eYRe T __VTe eYV TV_ecV W eYV
W]R V e R]] a Z_ed _ eYV aVcZaYVcj

R R U a eT
EYV dZ a]V UcRhZ_X W R TR_U]V cVgVR]d eh bfZeV UZWWVcV_e hRjd W eYZ_ Z_X
RS fe ]Z_Vd W ]ZXYe EYVcV RcV ]Z_Vd W V ZddZ _, hV TR]] eYV cRjd 3fe eYVcV
RcV R]d ]Z_Vd W T SfdeZ _ 3j hYRe eVc eYV_ dY f]U eYVj SV _ h_0 : dYR]]
TR]] eYV SVR d :_X ]U #!"& "!! ? hRURjd hV eV_U e VbfReV SVR d hZeY
cRjd R_U eYZ_ W eYV ]Z V eYV SVR d W Z]]VU eZ SVc eYRe XZgV decfTefcR]
dfaa ce e SfZ]UZ_Xd Rd VddV_eZR]]j cVTeZ]Z_VRc 2 ac [VTe c Zd eYVchZdV _ h_
Rd R SVR Vc , da e]ZXYed R_U ]RdVcd TRde SVR d eYRe TR_ d VeZ Vd dVV e
decR V eYV d j hZeY Z_eVcdVTeZ_X ]Z_Vd :e YRd SVV_ dfaa dVU eYRe SVR V_eVcVU
eYV gVc_RTf]Rc W 6_X]ZdY Rd R ecR_d]ReZ _ Wc eYV =ReZ_ cRUZfd d ]Zd da V W eYV
df_ :e efc_d fe Y hVgVc eYRe eYZd UVcZgReZ _ Zd Z_T ccVTe :_ WRTe eYV ]f Z_
fd SVR WZcde RaaVRcd Z_ 2_X] DRi _ d fcTVd Rd eYV 3ZS]ZTR] T ]f R ]fTZd eYV
aZ]]Rc W ]ZXYe Sj hYZTY Z_ eYV 3 W 6i Ufd eYV :dcRV]ZeVd hVcV XfZUVU _
eYVZc hRj Re _ZXYe iW cU 6 X]ZdY 5ZTeZ Rcj #!") 2d dfTY Ze Zd T aRcRS]V _ e
e decRZXYe Tfe eZ SVc Sfe e eYV ecf_ W eYV ]ZgZ_X ecVV cZdZ_X Wc eYV VRceY
EY fXY eYVchZdV Sd ]VeV eYZd T aRcZd _ dfcgZgVd Z_ eYV T _ _R Vd
W ecVV daVTZVd dfTY Rd hYZeVSVR c Y c_SVR :e Zd _ h _UVc eYV_ eYRe eYV
GV_VcRS]V 3VUV hcZeZ_X Z_ eYV VZXYeY TV_efcj fdVU eYV dR V h cU SVR e
UVdTcZSV eYV T ]f _ W ]ZXYe c WZcV cZdZ_X Wc eYV S Uj W R dRZ_e 7 c 3VUV
Rd eYV ecVV ecf_ Xc hd Wc eYV VRceY d ]ZXYe SVR d Wc eYV dRZ_e]j S Uj Rd
R XcVRe W]R V 2_U ]Z V eYV ecf_ eYV ]f Z_ fd SVR Zd _ e decRZXYe Sfe ehZded
R_U efc_d Z_ cVda _dV e Re daYVcZT T _UZeZ _d
EYV SVR Z_ dY ce Zd R ]Z_V _ e W V ZddZ _ Sfe W T SfdeZ _ R_U Ze Zd Z_
eYZd dV_dV eYRe : dYR]] fdV eYV eVc HYRe eYV_ T f]U SV Zed d _ZT T f_eVcaRce0
: h f]U _ Z_ReV eYV h cU aZeTY hYZTY T Z_TZUV_eR]]j cVWVcd e eYV S]RT kj
dfSdeR_TV cV]VRdVU Wc eYV c ed W eYV aZ_V ecVV RWeVc Ze Zd WZcVU :_X ]U #!"&
"!) 3fe Ze Zd Z_ R_ eYVc W eYV h cU|d f]eZa]V dV_dVd eYRe : RU ae Ze YVcV E
aZeTY R _X eYVc eYZ_Xd Zd e TRde e dd c eYc h 2d eYV ecVV Xc hd R_U Rd
W]R Vd cZdV Wc eYV ajcV d Z_ eYV _X Z_X T ]]ZdZ _ W T d d R_U RWWVTe
d f_U Vcfaed Z_e eYV Re daYVcV W c VU W eYVZc f_Zd _ _TV RXRZ_ R T]VRc
UZdeZ_TeZ _ YRd e SV RUV SVehVV_ eYV ]Z_V W V ZddZ _ T __VTeZ_X R d fcTV
R_U R cVTZaZV_e Sj hYZTY d f_U Zd XV_VcR]]j _ h_ e aYjdZTd R_U eYV ]Z_V
W VcfaeZ _ eYRe UVdTcZSVd eYV ecR[VTe cj W d f_U Rd Ze f_W ]Ud Z_ ViaVcZV_TV

53
 Tim Ingold

EYV ]ReeVc Zd Zed aZeTY : RXZ_V W c ViR a]V eYV d f_U W R dZcV_ W eYV Z_U
eYRe Z_ eZ Vd W hRc hRc_d W R_ Z aV_UZ_X RZc cRZU :e Zd ac UfTVU Sj S] hZ_X
RZc hZeY R WR_ eYc fXY R_ RaaRcRefd T acZdZ_X R cRaZU]j c eReZ_X UZd hZeYZ_
R deReZT Tj]Z_UVc 3 eY UZd R_U Tj]Z_UVc RcV af_TefcVU hZeY Y ]Vd eYRe Rd eYVj
T V Z_ R_U fe W R]ZX_ V_e R]eVc_ReV]j S] T R_U cV]VRdV eYV RZcW] h d Rd e
XV_VcReV gZScReZ _d W XcVReVc c ]VddVc WcVbfV_Tj UVaV_UZ_X _ eYV daVVU W
c eReZ _ EYVdV gZScReZ _d T _UfTeVU eYc fXY eYV VUZf W RZc VgV_efR]]j
Z aZ_XV _ j fc VRcd RjSV d V dVT _Ud c VgV_ Z_feVd ]ReVc UVaV_UZ_X
_ eYV UZdeR_TV _ R UZRXcR j f T f]U UcRh R decRZXYe ]Z_V Wc XV_VcRe c
e VRcd VRdfcV eYV UZdeR_TV R_U TR]Tf]ReV eYV eZ V Ze eR Vd W c eYV RfUZe cj
dZX_R] e ecRgVcdV Ze
EYV ]Z_V j f YRgV UcRh_ Zd _ e Y hVgVc eYV dR V Rd eYV aZeTY ]Z_V W eYV
d f_U ZedV]W Rd j f ViaVcZV_TV Ze W c eYV ]ReeVc Zd R ]Z_V eYRe T ccVda _Ud hZeY
eYV decVeTY W j fc h_ RfcR] ReeV_eZ _ Rd Ze aV_d fa fa _ eYV h c]U J f h f]U
]Z V]j UVdTcZSV Ze Rd YRgZ_X _ UVeVc Z_ReV deRce c V_U a Z_e Sfe Rd cZdZ_X R_U
dhV]]Z_X Y ]UZ_X W c R hYZ]V Re R aVR ]VgV] R_U eYV_ WR]]Z_X R_U ecRZ]Z_X RhRj
EYZd ]Z_V UVdTcZSVd eYV ecR[VTe cj W ViaVcZV_TVU d f_U 2_U eYV eZ V Ze eR Vd
Zd eYV cVR] eZ V UfcReZ _ W eYV dZcV_|d hRZ] HV R V _ ZdeR V eYV_ Z_ ZUV_
eZWjZ_X eYV hRZ] Rd R d f_U cReYVc eYR_ Rd R aReeVc_ Z eYV d f_U EYV XV_VcRe c
RWeVc R]] ac UfTVd _ eYZ_X ViTVae RVcZR] gZScReZ _d EYV ZdeR V Zd cReYVc e
T _WfdV eYV ViaVcZV TV W d f_U eYRe Zd Zed aZeTY hZeY eYV VTYR_ZTR] dZX_R]d
eYRe R] _X hZeY R hV]] Wf_TeZ _Z_X RfUZe cj djdeV RcV R _X eYV T _UZeZ _d
W c eYV ViaVcZV_TV e TTfc EYZd h f]U SV eYV acVTZdV VbfZgR]V_e Z_ eYV WZV]U
W RfcR] aVcTVaeZ _ W T _WfdZ_X SVR R_U cRj Z_ eYV WZV]U W gZdZ _ EYV hRZ]
W eYV dZcV_ Zd eYV R_R] XfV W eYV W]R V W eYV TR_U]V 2d eYV W]R V Zd R SVR W
]ZXYe eYV hRZ] Zd R aZeTY W d f_U 3 eY Z_ fc ViaVcZV_TV RcV V_eZcV]j cVR] JVe
YVcV|d eYV TReTY+ _VZeYVc eYV W]R V _ c eYV dZcV_ Zd ecf]j R_ S[VTe W aVcTVaeZ _
E SdVcgV eYV TR_U]V Zd e dVV Sj TR_U]V]ZXYe, e ]ZdeV_ e eYV dZcV_ Zd e YVRc
Sj Zed hRZ] HZeY S eY gZdZ _ R_U YVRcZ_X Rd >Vc]VRf A _ej " ) " ! a Z_eVU
fe Z_ a deYf fd]j afS]ZdYVU _ eVd hYRe TRaefcVd fc ReeV_eZ _ YRd R hRj W
T Z]Z_X gVc e Z_W]VTe eYV gVcj ac TVdd W ReeV_UZ_X

T Rc
:e W ]] hd eYRe ]ZXYe R_U d f_U RcV Re _TV _ eYV WRc dZUV R_U _ eYV YZeYVc dZUV
W gZdZ _ R_U YVRcZ_X cVdaVTeZgV]j HYRe : dVV T _UZeZ _d j h_ hRj W dVVZ_X
hYRe : YVRc j h_ hRj W YVRcZ_X CVTR]] eYRe W c >Vc]VRf A _ej ]ZXYe R_U
d f_U RcV _VZeYVc Z_ YVcV Z_ eYV YVRU _ c fe eYVcV Z_ eYV h c]U _VZeYVc
V_eR] _ c aYjdZTR] Sfe ViaVcZV_eZR] R_U Re daYVcZT :e Zd Re eYV gVcj V_e
hYV_ eYV d ReZT S f_URcZVd SVehVV_ Z_dZUV R_U fedZUV UZdd ]gV R]] hZ_X eYV
daRTV W RWWVTe e WZ]] eYV T d d R_U cVTZac TR]]j e SV WZ]]VU Sj Ze eYRe ]ZXYe
ZX_ZeVd R_U d f_U Vcfaed Z_e fc RhRcV_Vdd HYRe YRaaV_d eYV_ e VjVd R_U
VRcd0 2_Re ZTR]]j daVR Z_X eYVj RcV cXR_d WZc ]j TV V_eVU Z_ a]RTV Re eYV
Wc _e R_U dZUVd W eYV YVRU acZ VU e cVTVZgV R_U cVda _U e aY e V]VTecZT R_U
gZScRe cj deZ f]Z 3fe hYV_ : aV_ j VjVd R_U VRcd e eYV h c]U hYV_ : ]
]ZdeV_ R_U ReeV_U Ze dVV d e V eYRe j YVRU YRd UZdRaaVRcVU 9 hVgVc j

54
 Noise, Sound, Silence

VjVd R_U VRcd YRgV _ e eYVj YRgV cReYVc ViaR_UVU e aVcgRUV eYV V_eZcVej W
gZdfR] R_U RT fdeZT daRTV Z_e hYZTY j hY ]V ViZdeV_TV Zd _ h a fcVU : R
Rd hV dRj T ]] bfZR]]j R]] VjVd R_U R]] VRcd DfcV : TR_ eRa hZeY j WZ_XVcd
R_U T _WZc eYRe R YVRU Zd deZ]] eYVcV 3fe Z_ eYV ViaVcZV_TV W ]ZXYe R_U d f_U
hYVcV j YVRU Zd eYVcV|d R h c]U 7c SVZ_X R S Uj hZeY VjVd Ze dVV d eYRe :
R SVT Z_X VjV S Uj, Wc SVZ_X R S Uj hZeY VRcd : R SVT Z_X VRc S Uj
2_ VRc S Uj Rd d f_U aVcW c R_TV RceZde 7RScZkZ >R_T #!" ) afed Ze
Zd R_ Z_T]Z_ReZ _ e f_eZV R_U e cVR]ZdV eYZd cRUZTR] aV__Vdd _ e _]j eYc fXY
eYV R_Re ZTR] YVRcZ_X VRc Sfe R]d Sj SVT Z_X _V 9 h eYV_ Zd Ze a ddZS]V
e SVT V VRc0
7 c eYV S Uj e SVT V VRc Ze YRd WZcde e SV UVT a dVU R_Re ZTR]]j d
eYRe Ze TR_ eYV_ SV cVT _decfTeVU Rd d VeYZ_X ]Z V R Sf_U]V W RWWVTed EYZd
Zd _ e R dfcXZTR] aVcReZ _ W T fcdV Sfe R dhZeTY W aVcdaVTeZgV Wc RT fd
eZTd e eYV aYV_ V_ ] Xj W RfUZe cj aVcTVaeZ _ c Z_ eYVc h cUd Wc
S[VTeZWZTReZ _ e ViaVcZV_TV EYV VRcd R_U W c eYRe ReeVc eYV VjVd Rd hV]]
RcV eYV_TVW ceY _ ] _XVc eYV cXR d W R S Uj Sfe eYV RWWVTeZgV UZda dZeZ _d W
hYRe aYZ] d aYVc 8Z]]Vd 5V]VfkV R] _X hZeY YZd T ]]RS cRe c eYV adjTY R_R
]jde 7 ]Zi 8fReeRcZ TR]]d R S Uj hZeY fe cXR_d 3h 5V]VfkV R_U 8fReeRcZ
L" )(N #!! " & ) 2TT cUZ_X e >R_T #!"! "!# eYV VRc S Uj ]ZdeV_d Sj
ecRTZ_X hYRe YV TR]]d VRc]Z_Vd :W eYV TRde W d f_U Zd Zed aZeTY eYV VRc]Z_V Zd
eYV decVeTY W ReeV_eZ _ eYRe W ]] hd Ze ]Z V R_ V]RdeZT eYcVRU EYV ]Z_V TR_ SV
Z_dTcZSVU _ aRaVc Sj UcRhZ_X c _ eYV Xc f_U Sj hR] Z_X Sfe eYV decVeTY
ZedV]W Zd RVcZR] E XVe R dV_dV W Ze eR V R dYVVe W aRaVc R_U Tcf a]V Ze fa Z_e
R eZXYe SR]], eYV_ dacVRU Ze fe RXRZ_ :e hZ]] cVgVR] R UV_dV R_U ZccVXf]Rc VdY
W W ]Ud R_U TcVRdVd _ e f_]Z V eYV dfcWRTV W eYV TVR_ cfWW]VU Sj eYV hZ_U
2 TYRcRTeVcZdeZT W W ]Ud R_U TcVRdVd Zd eYRe eYVj V VcXV Wc eYV dfcWRTVd Z_
hYZTY eYVj RcV W c VU Sfe _VgVc aRce Wc eYV HYVcV eYV aRaVc c eYV TVR_
Zd Tcf a]VU _ eYV dfcWRTV eYV RZc Zd Tcf a]VU Z_ Zed g ]f V ? ZdV Zd VbfZgR
]V_e e eYV g ]f V|d Tcf a]VU_Vdd 2_U hYZ]V eYV gVcR]] Z acVddZ _ Rj SV
_V W TYR d VgVcj TcVRdV c W ]U a eV_eZR]]j RWW cUd R ]Z_V eYRe TR_ SV W ]] hVU
;fde ]Z V eYV TcVRdV Z_ eYV aRaVc c eYV cfWW]V Z_ eYV dVR dfcWRTV Y hVgVc eYV ]Z_V
Zd Z eYV _ ZdV R_U _VgVc aRced Wc Ze
EYZd YRd R_ Z a ceR_e T c ]]Rcj _R V]j eYRe ecRTZ_X R_ VRc]Z_V Zd R_ VWW ce
W T _eZ_f fd UZWWVcV_eZReZ _ ( EYV eYVRecV dTY ]Rc 8V cXV 9 V 4 #!"&
# UVdTcZSVd eYfd YZd VWW ced e YVRc YZ dV]W eYZ_ RXRZ_de eYV SRT Xc f_U
_ ZdV W TYZ]UcV_ a]RjZ_X _Vie U c+ LZeN Zd e ]ZdeV_ fe Z_eV_e]j W c j eY fXYed
Rd eYVj V_eRcZ]j R_U YRaYRkRcU]j a a Z_e gZVh hZeYZ_ eYZd d _ZT SRccRXV
HYRe Zd eYZd ]ZdeV_Z_X fe0 :e Zd _ e RS fe dVRcTY R_U cVecZVgR] E YVRc d V
eYZ_X cReYVc eYR_ _ eYZ_X Zd _ e e T V RhRj hZeY d V ReVcZR] dfSdeR_TV
c S[VTe W f_U 3fe _ c dY f]U eYZd Z a]j eYRe d f_U Zd Z ReVcZR] :e Zd cReYVc
Z ReVcZR] [fde Rd XcRZ_ W c ViR a]V Zd Z h U TcVRdV Z dYVVe R_U aReY
Z Xc f_U 6Rc]Z_Vd RcV ecRTVU Z_ eYV XcRZ_d TcVRdVd R_U aReYhRjd W Tcf a]VU

( :_ R defUj W eYV TVcV _ZR] YVR]Z_X d _Xd W EV ZRc aV a]V Z_ >R]RjdZR R_eYc a ] XZde >RcZ_R
C dV R_ #!!) # Via]RZ_d Y h Z_ aVcW c R_TV EV ZRcd V a] j R gRcZVej W e ]d eYRe SVX eYV
UZWWVcV_TV| SVehVV_ d f_U R_U dZ]V_TV ]ZXYe R_U URc _Vdd eZ _ R_U deZ]]_Vdd _V S Uj a dZeZ _ R_U
R_ eYVc AVcYRad R]] ]ZdeV_Z_X Zd SVXXZ_X UZWWVcV_TV Z_ eYZd dV_dV

55
 Tim Ingold

_ ZdV EYVj RcV _ cV R_U _ ]Vdd eYR_ ]Z_Vd W UZWWVcV_TV E YVRc d VeYZ_X
Zd R]hRjd e Tfe R WZ_V ]Z_V SVehVV_ eYV Z_UZWWVcV_TV W dZ]V_TV R_U W _ ZdV c
W hYRe 5V]VfkV " #) YRd TR]]VU S]RT _ eYZ_X_Vdd R_U hYZeV _ eYZ_X
_Vdd : YRgV cVWVccVU e eYZd ac TVdd W TfeeZ_X Wc hZeYZ_ bfZeV XV_VcR]]j Rd
_V W Z eVcdeZeZR] UZWWVcV eZReZ 3j eYZd : VR_ e aa dV Ze e eYV VieVc_R] RTTcV
eZ _ Sj hYZTY RddV S]ZVd RcV W c VU Wc Z_ZeZR]]j UZdTcVeV R_U dV]W T _eRZ_VU
V]V V_ed :_X ]U #!"( " :e Rj SV eYRe eYV V_VcXVeZT d fcTVd W d f_U TR_ SV
RUUVU _V e R_ eYVc Rd hVcV eYV g ZTVd W _VZXYS fcZ_X TYZ]UcV_ W c 9 V
4 3fe e ReeV_U e R_j aRceZTf]Rc d f_U c g ZTV Zd _ e e dVe Ze RaRce Sj
dfSecRTeZ _ Sfe e Tfe R] _X Zed ]Z_V Rd eYV TRcaV_eVc Tfed R] _X eYV XcRZ_ eYV
eRZ] c R] _X eYV TcVRdV c eYV hR] Vc R] _X eYV aReY

E T fc W d f U
EYZd ScZ_Xd fd SRT Re ]V_XeY e eYV bfVdeZ _ hZeY hYZTY : SVXR_ 9 h TR_
hV eV]] _ ZdV Wc dZ]V_TV hYZeV Wc S]RT 0 HZeY R T]VRcVc f_UVcdeR_UZ_X W
hYRe d f_U Zd hV YRgV d V Y aV W R_dhVcZ_X eYV bfVdeZ _ HV TR_ U d
Sj cVefc_Z_X e eYV T aRcZd _ hZeY ]ZXYe Sfe eYZd eZ V hZeY cVXRcU e R aYV
_ V_ _ W ViaVcZV_TV eYRe : YRgV _ e jVe e fTYVU fa _ _R V]j T ] fc >R_j
aV a]V XZWeVU hZeY R dj_RVdeYVeZT dV_dZSZ]Zej hZ]] cVRUZ]j Rdd TZReV T ] fc hZeY
eYV bfR]Zej W ViaVcZV_TVU d f_U XV_VcR]]j _ h_ Rd Zed eZ ScV :_UVVU eYV
Rdd TZReZ _ Zd d hV]] VdeRS]ZdYVU eYRe Z_ eYV 8Vc R_ ]R_XfRXV W c ViR a]V eYV
h cU W c eZ ScV ]R XWRcSV ]ZeVcR]]j VR_d d f_U T ] fc EYV aYZ] d aYVc
;VR_ =fT ?R_Tj #!!( ! YRd SdVcgVU eYRe eYVcV Zd _ aZeTY hZeY fe
eZ ScV [fde Rd eYVcV Zd _ ]Z_V c dfcWRTV hZeY fe T ] fc 9 h T V eYV_ eYRe
_ e _]j TR_ aZeTY SV daVTZWZVU Z_ eYV _ eReZ _R] T _gV_eZ _d W T]RddZTR] fdZT
_ eYV deRgV dT cV bfZeV Z_UVaV_UV_e]j W eZ ScV Sfe R]d eYV dfcWRTV eYRe
cV eYR_ R_j eYVc Zd ZT _ZT W UVc_Zej _R V]j eYV ecR_daRcV_e aR_V
Zcc c c dTcVV_ Zd aVcWVTe]j T ] fc]Vdd0 AZeTY Ze dVV d YRd SVV_ RSdecRTeVU
Wc eYV TRde W d f_U R_U T ] fc Wc eYV ]f Z_ dZej W dfcWRTV _]j e SV
R]ZX_VU _ R dTR]V W bfR_eZeReZgV gRcZReZ _ eYRe R]] hd eYV ac aVceZVd W V_Vc
XVeZT V ZddZ _d e SV S[VTeZgV]j daVTZWZVU hZeY fe cVXRcU e eYV bfR]ZeZVd c
Z_eV_dZeZVd W d _ c fd c ]f Z_ fd ViaVcZV_TV Z_UfTVU Z_ eY dV hZeY VRcd e
YVRc c VjVd e dVV :_ VWWVTe S eY aZeTY R_U T ] fc YRgV SVV_ daVTecR]ZdVU+ eYV
_V ]RZU fe _ R daVTecf W gZScReZ _R] WcVbfV_TZVd eYV eYVc _ R daVTecf
W hRgV]V_XeYd :_X ]U #!"& """
2_R]jded YRgV decfXX]VU e WZ_U eVc d Z_T]fUZ_X ScZXYe_Vdd dRefcReZ _
R_U gR]fV e TRaefcV eYV cUZ_R] bfR]ZeZVd W ]ZXYe eYRe RcV ]VWe _TV T ] fc
YRd SVV_ dZaY _VU WW ? _V Y hVgVc ViYRfded eYV Z_YVcV_e ]fdecV dRj W
;RaR_VdV ]RTbfVchRcV ? c TR_ eYVZc VbfZgR]V_ed Z_ eYV R_R]jdZd W d f_U dfTY
Rd R a]ZefUV c e _V ViYRfde eYV bfR]ZeZVd W eZ ScV 2e eYV c e W eYV
ac S]V Zd eYV V]ZdZ _ W SVR hZeY cRj Z_ eYV TRdV W ]ZXYe R_U Z_ eYV TRdV W
d f_U W eYV ]Z_V W aZeTY hZeY eYV ]Z_V W V ZddZ _ 2e eYV efc_ W eYV VZXYe
VV_eY TV_efcj Ze TRfdVU ; YR__ H ]WXR_X g _ 8 VeYV dTZV_eZde a Ve R_U aZ _
VVc W C R_eZTZd e ]Rf_TY R TV]VScReVU ReeRT _ eYV VTYR_ZTR] aeZTd

56
 Noise, Sound, Silence

W :dRRT ?Vhe _ ) 7 c ?Vhe _ ReYV ReZTZR_ R_U aYjdZTZde e eYV T cV ]ZXYe

VR_e cRjd 2_U cRjd hYV_ UZWWVcV_eZR]]j cVWcRTeVU Sj VR_d W R acZd h f]U
jZV]U fa R]] eYV T ] fcd W eYV cRZ_S h Wc cVU e gZ ]Ve CVT SZ_VU eYVj
h f]U VcXV Z_e T ] fc]Vdd hYZeV 4 ] fc eYV_ hRd decZTe]j R ac aVcej W
cRjd R_U Rd dfTY XZgV_ bfZeV Z_UVaV_UV_e]j W fc ViaVcZV_TV W Ze 3fe 8 VeYV
h f]U YRgV _ _V W eYZd 7 c YZ ]ZXYe hRd R aYV_ V_ _ W ViaVcZV_TV R_
RWWVTeZgV Z_eVc Z_X]Z_X W fc h_ RhRcV_Vdd hZeY eYV efcSf]V_TV R_U af]dR
eZ _d W eYV VUZf :e hRd eYV W]R V W eYV TR_U]V _ e Zed cRjd R_U Ze ]Ze fa
eYV h c]U Rd U eYV W]R Vd W R WZcV Z_ eYV T SfdeZ _ W ReVcZR]d 2d hZeY
eYV S]RkV W R h U WZcV ]ZXYe Re Zed de Z_eV_dV Zd hYZeV XcRUZ_X WW eYc fXY
jV]] h cVU R_U S]fV e eYV S]RT W T ]U TYRcT R] c W eYV aZeTY eYRe kVd
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 Tim Ingold

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 Noise, Sound, Silence

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 Tim Ingold

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61
 Kathleen Coessens

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 On the Sensorial of Music and Breathing

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63
 Kathleen Coessens

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 On the Sensorial of Music and Breathing

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Yf R_ Z_U R_U S Uj E URj Zed UVgV] a V_e Zd RZ_]j RUUcVddVU Sj 2_Uj 4]Rc " ( decVddZ_X eYV
Z V_dV a ddZSZ]ZeZVd W eYV Z_U R_U S Uj e VieV_U eYV dV]gVd Sj VieVc_R] VR_d R_U e ]d

65
 Kathleen Coessens

?VgVceYV]Vdd Sj hRj W fc acRiZd W eYV h c]U RcV hV eYV_ VieV_UZ_X fc

dV]gVd R_U fc dV_dVd c RcV hV Z_T ca cReZ_X eYV h c]U0 5 : VieV_U j S Uj
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W eYV feVc h c]U Z_ hYZTY eYV feVc h c]U R_U Zed RTeZ _d RcV Z_T ca cReVU
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Ze Z_e _V V S UZVU R_U Y ]ZdeZT ViaVcZV_TV VieV_UZ_X eYV RTeZ _d eY fXYed
V eZ _d R_U ViaVTeReZ _d Z_e eYV ReVcZR] EYV WfdZ_X e XVeYVc W eYV Rce
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eZVd R_U ReVcZR] a ddZSZ]ZeZVd RTeZ_X Z_dZUV R YZXY]j dV_dZeZgV cVda _dZgV daRTV
T _decfTeVU R_U T T _decfTeVU Sj S eY RceZde R_U cVda _dV W eYV ReVcZR]
3fe eYZd R]cVRUj ScZ_Xd fd e eYV _Vie aVcdaVTeZgV
:_dZUV R_U fedZUV dVV e SV aa dZeVd eYRe RcV UZWWZTf]e e XcRda hYV_ T _
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W c Vc Rd T TcVRe c Z_ R Sc RUVc _Veh c W RXV_ed R_U ReVcZR]d Z_eVcRTeZ_X
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XZ_X Z_W c ReZ _ Z_ f_T _dTZ fd R_U WeV_ dj_TYc _ fd hRjd aV_ fa R
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TVddVd W ef_Z_X UZWWVcV_e RTeZ _d R_U ViacVddZ _d e XVeYVc Z_ da _eR_V fd
hRjd RcV TR]]VU V_ecRZ_ V_e EYVj YRaaV_ Z_ UZgVcdV VT ] XZTR] R_U d TZR] dZef
ReZ _d Rd hZeY WZcVW]ZVd c Z_ eYV TZcTRUZR_ cYjeY d W ]ZgZ_X SVZ_Xd Rd hV]] Rd Z_
eYV VTYR_ZTR] h c]U Rd hZeY 4YcZdeZRR_ 9fjXV_d|d T] T d c = cU CRj]VZXY|d
cXR_ aZaVd 4]Rje _ #!"# :_ dfTY ac TVddVd Z_UVaV_UV_e cYjeY ZTR] djd
eV d deRce e Z_eVcRTe hZeY VRTY eYVc R_U T fa]V Z_ R_ dTZ]]Re cj gV V_e
gZ_X Wc fe W aYRdV e R_eZ aYRdV c Z_ aYRdV 4]Rje _ #!"# &#

HV hZ]] UVgV] a eYZd gZVh Z_ :_eVc Vkk

66
 On the Sensorial of Music and Breathing

4 ]]RS cReZgV RceZdeZT dVeeZ_Xd dfTY Rd a]RjZ_X fdZT Z_ R_ V_dV S]V WWVc
daVTZWZT d TZR] ViaVcZV_TVd W V_ecRZ_ V_e eYRe Z a]j T _eZ_f fd T T _decfT
eZ _ Sj hRj W RVdeYVeZT ViTYR_XVd Z_ R_ Z_eVcRTeZgV f]eZ dV_d cZR] V_gZc _
V_e >fdZT aVcW c R_TV Zd R_ RVdeYVeZT eV a cR] ViaVcZV_TV eYRe T SZ_Vd
_ eYV _V YR_U acVdV_e_Vdd R_U Z_deR_eR_V fd_Vdd R_U _ eYV eYVc YR_U
UfcReZ _ Z_ eYV dV_dV W R T _eZ_f fd W] h W f]eZ dV_d cZR] R_U f]eZ UR]
aVcTVaeZ _ EYV RceZdeZT S[VTe Zd R ac TVdd 2d dfTY R fdZTZR_ Zd T _eZ_f fd]j
Z_ eYV RTeZ _ R_U Z_ eYV SdVcgReZ _ ZedV]W+ SdVcgVc R_U SdVcgVU RTe c R_U
RTeVU fa _ VcXV Z_ R ac TVdd hYVcV eYV SdVcgReZ _ Zd _ e d fTY W XZgV_
WRTed Sfe R_ SdVcgReZ _ hZeY TYR_XZ_X ac TVddVd
3cVReYZ_X R_U ScVReYZ_X e XVeYVc hYVeYVc UfcZ_X aYjdZTR] ViVcTZdV c hYV_
a]RjZ_X fdZT Z_ R_ V_dV S]V TYR_XVd Z_UVaV_UV_e cYjeY ZTR] djdeV d Z_e
Z_eVcRTeZgV R_U T f_ZTReZgV ac TVddVd hYVcV R T fa]Z_X W SVYRgZ fc YRa
aV_d :e Zd R a hVcWf] e ] fdVU e ef_V UZR] XZTR] R_U T TcVReZgV aVcW c R_TV
Z_eVcRTeZ _d Z_g ]gZ_X ViTYR_XVd W RfUZe cj Z_W c ReZ _ Rd hV]] Rd ViecR
RfUZe cj Z_W c ReZ _ XVdefcV WRTZR] ViacVddZ _ YRaeZT dV_dV Z_VeZT RhRcV
_Vdd R_U d _ : VcdZ _ Z_ R aYjdZTR] R_U RfUZe cj daRTV W RTeZ _ hYVcV
eYV cVdf]eZ_X d f_U Zd R S]V_U W eYV aYjdZTR] W cTVd W S eY eYV dV]W R_U eYV
eYVc ]VRUd e R dV_d cZR] ViaVcZV_TV W V_ecRZ_ V_e+ R T _eZ_f fd WVVUSRT
] a SVehVV_ Z_eV_eZ _d V S UZVU RTeZ _ R_U d f_U WVVUSRT YRaaV_d
fcXZ_X eYV aRceZTZaR_ed e RTe Z_eVcRTe R_U cVRTe EYV aYjdZTR] ac TVdd W cVefc_
Zd VgR]fReVU R_U Z_eVcacVeVU Wc R_ _X Z_X Z_eV_eZ _R] dV_d cZR] [fUXV V_e
Z_ hYZTY eYV RceZde dfSdVbfV_e]j cVRU[fded YZd c YVc V S UZVU RTeZ _d cVRTeZ_X
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ZVU RTeZ _ R_U d f_U R_ Z_eV_eZ _R] Rdj Vecj TR_ SV aa dVU ZW eYV RceZde
[fUXVd eYRe eYV ViZdeZ_X T _UZeZ _d W cVefc_ UZgVcXV Wc YZd c YVc Z_eV_eZ _d
EYZd Rdj VecZTR] gV V_e hZ]] eV_U e hRcUd dj Vecj _TV eYV cVdf]e R_U
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cVda _dV EYV T _eZ_f fd aVcTVaefR] Z_g ]gV V_e W eYV RceZded fcXVd eYV
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eZ_f fd R_U cVTZac TR] _ _ ]Z_VRc Z_eVcRTeZ _ W dV_d cj e c R_U T X_Z
eZgV ac TVddVd R_U Zd eYVcVSj T _deZefeVU Sj e c SVYRgZ fc dV_d cj deZ f]R
eZ _ R_U acRTeZTR] _ h]VUXV EY ad _ #!!( #&
:_ eYRe dV_dV fdZT aVcW c R_TV Zd R]hRjd R_ Z_eVcRTeZ _R] ac TVdd EYV
ViaVTeReZ _d RcV YZXY R_U fdZTZR_d R_U eYV afS]ZT hZ]] SV Z V_dV]j
UZdRaa Z_eVU hYV_ eYV Z_eVcRTeZ _ U Vd _ e dfTTVVU hYV_ eYV fdZTR]
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UZdVbfZ]ZScReVU UfV e Z_eVc_R] c VieVc_R] TRfdVd EYV W c c aVc W c
R_TV TR__ e ViZde hZeY fe eYV aVc hZeY fe eYV gV V_e W eYV eYc fXY+ W c
hZ]] SV TcVReVU eYc fXY eYV Uj_R ZTR] cV]ReZ _d Z_ eYV daRTV R_U eYV eZ V W
eYV _ h hZeY eYVc fdZTZR_d hZeY eYV dV_d cZR] cVda _dV R_U hZeY eYV aVc

67
 Kathleen Coessens

d _R] V eZ _R] R_U T X_ZeZgV SRT Xc f_U EYV cVdf]e Zd R cYZk ReZT Z_eVc
a]Rj W RTeZ _d R T a]Vi W dV_d cZR] ecR[VTe cZVd R_U T __VTeZ _d Z_deVRU W
R TReVX cZdReZ _ R_U Via]R_ReZ _ W eYV h c]U Z_ eVc d W UZcVTeVU YZVcRcTYZTR]
cV]ReZ _d &
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f_ZbfV]j TV_ecVU Wc eYV Yf R_ a dZeZ _+ eYV Z aRTe W _V V]V V_e R ]Zg
Z_X SVZ_X c R W cTV c R ReVcZR] Zd V_T f_eVcVU Sj R cVda _dV Wc eYVc
e fTYVU V]V V_ed Z_ eYV dfcc f_UZ_X V_gZc _ V_e dfTY Rd S UZVd ReVcZR]d
c V]V V_ed EYV TV_ecR]Zej W eYV Yf R_ SVZ_X Zd ]VWe SVYZ_U AVcdaVTeZgVd TR_
T _eZ_f fd]j dYZWe Wc Z aRTeZ_X W cTV e cVdZdeZ_X W cTV Wc RTeZgV S Uj e
aRddZgV S Uj Wc S Uj e W cTV Wc RTeZ _ e cVRTeZ _ R_U gZTV gVcdR EYV
Z aRTe W eYV hZ_U _ R d R]] TYZ]U c R_Z R] c _ R j f_X ecVV TR_ SV bfZeV
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R d R]] YVRa W XcRdd hZeY Z_dVTed :_ S eY TRdVd eYV Z VUZReV gZdZS]V Z aRTe
W eYV _V _ eYV eYVc hZ]] SV T f_eVcVU Sj R cVdZdeR_TV R_U R T f_eVc Z aRTe
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R_U dV_dZeZgV hRjd HV _VVU e YRgV R_ eYVc RTbfRZ_eR_TV hZeY eYRe h c]U R_
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XV_V fd RXV_ed YRd e SV T a]V V_eVU Sj R deZ]] cReYVc R_eYc a TV_ecZT
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dV_dV R Z_X Zd _ e R _V hRj ac TVdd Ze Z_g ]gVd RXRZ_ eYV T RTe cd Z_ eYV
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h c]U eYRe eYVc SVZ_Xd ]Z V R_Z R]d R_U a]R_ed cVda _U e fc RTeZ _d R_U
Z_eVcRTeZ _d VgV_ ZW hV TR__ e eR V Z_e RTT f_e hYRe eYRe VR_d ViRTe]j Wc
eYVZc aVcdaVTeZgV > cV gVc Sj VieV_UZ_X R_U Re eYV dR V eZ V Z_T ca cReZ_X
fcdV]gVd Z_ eYV h c]U hV RcV fTY cV V_eR_X]VU Z_ fc V_gZc _ V_ed eYR_

& W T fcdV hV _ h eYRe Z_eVcYf R_ cV]ReZ _d Z_ cTYVdecRd c V_dV S]Vd RcV _ e R]hRjd UVg ZU W YZVc
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W fdZT fdZTZR_d YRgV e ]VRgV fe eYV URZ]j h c]U W Yf R_ RWWRZcd eYVZc bfRccV]d R_U d cc hd
R_U Wf]]j V_eVc eYV fdZT deRXV EYV_ fdZT YRaaV_d

68
 On the Sensorial of Music and Breathing

hV RcV RhRcV W EYVcVW cV V eZ _d R_U WVV]Z_Xd RcV _ e aRce W R_ Zd ]ReVU

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R_U Z RXZ_ReZ _ W eYV Yf R_ SVZ_X
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R f_ZbfV aVcW c R_TV

69
 Kathleen Coessens

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70
 On the Sensorial of Music and Breathing

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71
 DV_dV gVcdfd DV_dZeZgZej
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2 AY _Vj 5VSReV0
Fabien Lévy
Hochschule für Musik und Theater “Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy” Leipzig

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73
 Fabien Lévy

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74
 Sense versus Sensitivity in Composition

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75
 Fabien Lévy

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76
 Sense versus Sensitivity in Composition

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eYV acVgRZ]Z_X UV] W ]R_XfRXV

77
 Fabien Lévy

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R YZVcRcTYj W aRcR VeVcd UVWZ_Vd R gVcj ]Z ZeVU T _TVae W aZeTY T _d _R_TV
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fdVU eYV dZX_d W R dZ_Xf]Rc _ eReZ _ eYRe dVaRcReVd Zed gRcZ fd aRcR VeVcd R_U
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_j hYZTY Zd f_ZbfV Z_ eYV h c]U EYZd T SZ_Re cZR] Raac RTY cV RZ_VU gR]ZU
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"" EYVdV bfVdeZ _d RcV RUUcVddVU Z_ = gj #!"
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3VcX e RU ae eYV dVcZR]Zd W aZeTYVd Z_ cUVc e SVeeVc decfTefcV WcVV Re _R]Zej

78
 Sense versus Sensitivity in Composition

VeY TV_efcj hYV_ eYV XcRaYV ] Xj cVacVdV_eVU Sj RfUZ ecR_dTcZaeZ _ eYV

aY _ XcRaYZT cVT cU Z_gV_eVU Sj 6UZd _ Z_UfTVU eYV XcR Re ] Xj W T _
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c TRcUZ_R] UZdTcVeZdReZ _ W UVdTcZae cd RSdecRTeZ _d YZVcRcTYZVd T _d _R_TV
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2d 8 Uj dY hd _ eZ _d W ecVV UZRXcR d R_U T a]Vi eRi _ ZVd RcV W c
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VddV_eZR]]j dj_eYVeZT R_U _ _ R_R]jeZT

79
 Fabien Lévy

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_ Va TY e jdeZTR]]j _f VcZTR]]j [fdeZWj aZeTY T _d _R_TV RZ e XV_Vc
ReV R SVeeVc f_UVcdeR_UZ_X W ] X TV_ecZd Z_ fdZT R_U Rg ZU Zed VWWVTed R_U
aZeWR]]d dVV = gj #!" "(" #!! 4RceVdZR_ ] X TV_ecZd dVaRcReZ _ Z_e
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aZeTY R_U a ]jaY _j c T SZ_ReZ _d W Zed dZ a]V V]V V_ed Re eYV ViaV_dV
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bfVdeZ _Z_X eYV _ eZ _ W eYV WZ_R] h c eYV cTYVdecR R_R]jeZT T a]ViZej
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4 a d T e g R S f e
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T _f_Ucf UVdeZ_VU _]j W c daVTZR]Zded R_U eYV cZded W fdZTR] eVTY_ZbfVd

80
 Sense versus Sensitivity in Composition

Figure 3.1.

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]ZdY V_e W eYV e _R]Zej W 7 R[ c Sj hRj W R dVbfV_TV eYRe fdVd RfX V_eVU
dZieYd R_U R TYc ReZT SRdd ]Z_V EYZd ac TVdd W Z_eV_UVU e _R] T _WfdZ _ Zd
T _eZ_fVU Z_ eYV WZWeY R_U dZieY SRcd Sj R T]RddZT decReVXj Z_ hYZTY eYV dfcacZdV
Zd ZedV]W dfcacZdZ_X "& :_ R WVh VRdfcVd 3VVeY gV_ YRd Sc fXYe e XVeYVc _f
Vc fd UVgZTVd Wc eYV e _R] fdZT W YZd eZ V eYRe R]] h YZ e ZdUZcVTe R
]ZdeV_Vc+ dYZWed Wc R[ c e Z_ c eYRe ]VRU e R TYR_XV Z_ e _R] Wf_TeZ _
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a Z_e TcVReVU eYc fXY g ZTV ]VRUZ_X Z_ aRceZTf]Rc Sj T _[f_Te gVd dZ]V_TVd
_ dec _X SVRed R_U dj_T aReZ _ R_U d _
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h c Wc eYV e _R] cVaVce ZcV+ hYVeYVc eYVj V a] j Uf]ReZ _ T f_eVc
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81

Figure 3.1. Ludwig van Beethoven, Piano Sonata No. 21, op. 53 (“Waldstein”), second
movement, edited by Hans Schmidt-Görg and Joseph Schmidt-Görg. Reproduced from
Klaviersonaten, Band II (Munich: G. Henle Verlag, 1976), 150.
 Fabien Lévy

Figure 3.2.

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cVWVccZ_X e eYV a eV_eZR] W R SZXfZej Zd acVdV_e Wc eYV dVgV_eVV_eY TV_
efcj e eYV V R_TZaReZ _ W UZdd _R_TV R_U Zd R]d VgZUV_e Z_ _ _ HVdeVc_
Tf]efcVd R_U cV XV_VcR]]j Z_ R]] fdZT eYRe R]] hd RaaVcTVaeZ _ 2_U Z_
T _ecRde e dV R_eZT ]R_XfRXVd fdZT VddV_eZR]]j WZ_Ud Zed VR_Z_X c cV
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deR_U eYV _ eZ _ W T X_ZeZgZej _ e Rd R_ VWW ce e XZgV VR_Z_X e
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_ e Z a]j eYRe hV fde cVRTY SRT e eVTY_ZbfVd R]cVRUj ac gV_ e
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82

Figure 3.2. Robert Schumann, Nachtstück No. 1, op. 23. Reproduced from Robert Schumanns
Werke, Serie VII: Für Pianoforte zu zwei Händen (Leipzig: Breitkopf und Härtel, 1887), plate R.S. 61.
 Sense versus Sensitivity in Composition

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83
 Fabien Lévy

Figure 3.3.
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84

Figure 3.3. Cross-rhythm techniques.

Figure 3.4. Generalised cross-rhythm technique, formal scheme (the different fonts, tones,
and forms symbolically represent the different parameters that cross voices in different
directions).
 Sense versus Sensitivity in Composition

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˙ ˙ ˙ ˙

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Figure 3.5.

85

Figure 3.5. Rhythm as a mental construct rather than as a sign.

 Fabien Lévy

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Orpheus Institute, Ghent

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