LESSON PLAN 4

TITLE OF COURSE: SURGERY AND SURGICAL NURSING

TOPIC : ACUTE ABDOMEN

AUDIENCE : SECOND YEAR STUDENTS

TEACHING METHOD: LECTURE/DISCUSSION

DATE :

DURATION : 2 HOURS

SUPERVISOR : MR MULENDEMA

PRESENTER: SAKAUMBA MUZALA

GENERAL OBJECTIVES

At the end of the lecture/discussion the students should be equipped with the knowledge about Acute abdomen.

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES
Students should be able to:
• Define acute abdomen.
• List the causes of acute abdomen
• Explain the signs and symptoms.
• Describe the diagnostic investigations
• Explain the preoperative care
• State the complications
• Outline the IEC

INTRODUCTION
Goodmorning class my names is Sakaumba Muzala a fourth year student at Rusangu university. With me is my supervisor who will be with us
during our start of the lesson probably to the end and our topic of discussion is Acute abdomen one among the conditions that we consider an
Emmergency condition so feel free to ask as I teach where you do not understand so that we move together upto the end of the lesson.
• It occurs within 24hours and may persist requiring an immediate judgement or decision as to the type of management.
• Acute abdomen is acute pain which manifest in the abdominal area to which urgent exploration may be necessary.
• Because of the complex sensory network sub serving the abdominal area, pain is not well localised as in the extremities
 ECIFIC CONTENT TEACHING AUDIO- TEACHER’S STUDENT’S
OBJECTIVES METHOD VISUAL ACTIVITY ACTIVITY EVALUATION
AIDS

Define Acute Lecture Chalk Questioning Taking notes What is Acute

abdomen. DEFINITION Discussion Board Explaining Listening abdomen?
• . Acute abdomen is a life threatening Brain storming Marker, Answering Asking and
condition caused by several abdominal flip Giving notes answering
emergency disorders characterised by charts and showing questions
severe abdominal pain, vomiting with LCD slides.
signs of sepsis. The pathological process
may be due to inflammation, perforation
or obstruction.

State the causes CAUSES OF ACUTE ABDOMEN Lecture

of Acute • Acute abdomen is caused by Discussion Chalk Questioning Taking notes
abdomen. multifactorial conditions such as; Brain storming Board Explaining Listening What are the causes
• Acute appendicitis- is the inflammation Marker, Answering Asking and of Acute abdomen?
of the appendix and is one of most flip Giving notes answering
common surgical emergency. charts and showing questions
• The cause is rarely clear , but the lumen LCD slides.
of the appendix is quite small, making it
vulnerable to incomplete emptying,
distension by accumulated mucus, or
obstruction which can lead to infection.
Obstruction by feacalith or foreign bodies
is believed to be the most common cause
of acute appendicitis

PERITONITIS Lecture Chalk Questioning

• Involves either the local or generalised Discussion Board Explaining Taking notes
inflammation of the peritoneum, the Brain storming Marker, Answering Listening
. membranous lining of the abdomen that flip Giving notes Asking and
covers the viscera. charts and showing answering
EVALUATION
1) WHAT IS Acute abdomen?
2) What are the causes of Acute abdomen?
3) What are clinical features of Acute abdomen?
4) What are the investigations done in Acute abdomen?
5) What is the preoperative care done in Acute abdomen?
SUMMARY.

• Today we have discussed Acute abdomen the definition, causes, signs and symptoms ,investigations, management both preoperatively
and post operatively, we have also discussed the complications and health education that can be given on discharge .Acute abdomen has
been defined as follows-
• Acute abdomen is a condition that requires emergency intervention. Some of the causes are; appendicitis, intestinal obstruction and
cholecystitis.
• Some of the investigations that can be done are abdominal x ray and blood chemistry. Some of the complications are septicaemia,
paralytic ileus and pneumonia
• Some of the signs and symptoms are pain ,Abdominal discomfort and vomiting we have also said Acute abdomen is an emergency which
could need surgery that is explarotory laparatomy. Thank you very much for being attentive.

REFERENCES
• Innes. J, A.(2012). Essentials of Medicine. 3rd edition,Elsevier, China.
• Loeb. S (1992). Diseases. 4th edition, springhouse corporation, Pennsylvania.
• Phipps M. and Sands M. Medical and Surgical Nursing, Health And Illness Perspectives, Seventh edition, Mosby, Missouri
•