PERCEPTION ON THE UTILIZATION OF STANDARD

MARINE COMMUNICATION PHRASES

A Research Presented to the Faculty of University of Cebu

Maritime Education and Training Center

Cebu City, Philippines

In Partial Fulfillment, the Requirements

For the Subject Research 211

By:

D/C Perez, Nexon Bong A.

D/C Barcelona, Charles Demi N.

D/C Codera, Donald

D/C Alferez, Richmond G.

D/C Ortega, Angelilo

December 2023
 APPROVAL SHEET

In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science in Marine
Transportation, this research entitled “Perception On The Utilization Of Standard Marine
Communication Phrases ”, prepared and submitted by D/C. Perez, Nexon Bong A. D/C.
Barcelona, Charles Demi N. D/C, Codera, Donald, D/C. Alferez, Richmond G. , D/C.
Ortega, Angelilo S., has been examined, accepted, and approved for PROPOSAL HEARING

CHRISTY MARIE C. LAGARIT, MAEd

Adviser

ACCEPTED as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of

Science in Marine Transportation.

NELLA D. E. LAMA, MALL

RES 211 Instructor

APPROVED by the tribunal on oral examination with the grade of ________.

PANEL OF EXAMINERS

IRIS Q. HESLOP, MST

Chairman

JONATHAN SARMIENTO, MATM OIC-NW JONATHAN BEDAN

Member 1 Member 2

C/M GUILLERMO DILUVIO JR.

Program Research Coordinator

CAPT. GERRY D. ENJAMBRE DARYL BABATID, Dev Ed

Dean, College of Maritime Education Research Director

Date of Proposal Hearing: November 12,2023

 PANEL OF EXAMINERS

Member 1 Member 2

Mrs. Irish Heslop OIC-NW JONATHAN BEDAN

Program Research Coordinator

C/M GUILLERMO DILUVIO JR

CAPT. GERRY D. ENJAMBRE DARYL BABATID, Dev Ed

Dean, College of Maritime Education Research Director

Date:
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We, the researcher of the study, would like to express our gratitude and appreciation to

those people who unselfishly gave their encouragement and support to make this study a reality.

They are the following:

We extend our sincere gratitude to the research instructor, Ms. Nelia Lama, for her

continuous support, selflessly dedicating her time, and sharing her invaluable ideas and

suggestions, which were instrumental in the successful completion of this study. We also express

our deep appreciation to our beloved parents and relatives for their unwavering support and

understanding throughout this research endeavor. Furthermore, we are profoundly thankful to

our research adviser,

Ms. Christy Marie C. Lagarit, LPT, MAED, for her invaluable guidance and

expertise, which played a pivotal role in ensuring the success of this study.

The acknowledgment extends to the members of the group who never stop complying

with the required information about A Structural Model Analysis on the Academic Performance

of Maritime Students in a University of Cebu-Maritime Education and Training Center;

And above all, the Heavenly Father for the strength and intercession; and to all whom the

researchers failed to mention, a million thanks to all of you. God Bless!

 TABLE OF CONTENTS

CONTENTS PAGE NO.

Title Page i

Approval Sheet ii

Acknowledgement iii

Table of Content iv

List of Figure v

Chapter 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE

INTRODUCTION

Rationale of the Study 1

Theoretical Background. 7

THE PROBLEM

Statement of the Problem 19

Significance of the Study. 20

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research Design 22

Research Environment 23

Research Respondents 24

Research Instruments 26
 Research Procedure 27

Gathering of Data

Treatment of Data

Ethical Considerations

DEFINITION OF TERMS. 28

REFERENCES 30

APPENDICES

A. Transmittal Letter to dean 33

B. Transmittal to the Respondents 35

C. Research Instrument

CURRICULUM VITAE 36
 LIST OF FIGURES

Description Page

The Research Flow

The Research Environment Map 47

CHAPTER 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE

INTRODUCTION

Rationale

The utilization of Standard Marine Communication Phrases (SMCP) in the maritime

industry is widely perceived as a fundamental and indispensable practice. Standardized

communication is pivotal in ensuring a seamless and secure environment at sea, where vessels

from diverse cultural and linguistic backgrounds coexist. The perception of the utilization of

these standardized phrases is overwhelmingly positive, grounded in the recognition that they

form a universal language essential for effective communication among seafarers. SMCP,

established by the International Maritime Organization (IMO), serves as a linguistic bridge that

transcends language barriers, promoting clarity and reducing the likelihood of misinterpretation

in crucial maritime operations.

The positive perception of SMCP is further underscored by its role in enhancing safety at

sea. In an environment where split-second decisions can have profound consequences, the

standardized phrases enable quick and precise communication, especially in emergencies. This

standardized approach minimizes the potential for misunderstandings that could lead to accidents

or delays in critical situations. Additionally, the adoption of SMCP aligns with the global nature

of the maritime industry, providing a common framework for communication that fosters

international cooperation and consistency. The perception is thus shaped by the understanding

that standardized communication not only ensures the efficiency of day-to-day maritime

activities but is also a cornerstone of maritime safety and a testament to the industry's

commitment to global standards.

1
 The IMO Standard Marine Communication Phrases (SMCP) expand upon rudimentary

English language proficiency. It is a condensed form of Maritime English that aims to reflect

current Maritime English language usage onboard ships and in ship-to-shore/ship-to-ship

communications while minimizing grammatical, lexical, and idiomatic variations. Standardized

structures are used for the purpose of its function, i.e., reducing misunderstanding in safety-

related verbal communications.

The International Maritime Organization (IMO) holds a pivotal role in ensuring the safety

and security of the world's seas and oceans. In pursuit of this mission, the IMO has introduced

the Standard Marine Communication Phrases (SMCP). These phrases are a collection of

essential words and expressions in English, which is the internationally recognized language of

the sea. The SMCP is endorsed by the global maritime community and is meant to facilitate

communication at sea, both externally, in ship-to-ship and ship-to-shore exchanges, and

internally, within the confines of a vessel. This article delves into the significance and

application of SMCP in maritime communication.

The Standard Marine Communication Phrases (SMCP), as endorsed by the IMO,

simplifies and streamlines communication in the complex and diverse world of shipping,

ensuring that mariners and professionals within the maritime industry can convey essential

information accurately and efficiently. These standardized phrases facilitate not only the day-to-

day operations but also crucial safety protocols, contributing to the overall safety and smooth

operation of vessels

worldwide. By establishing a common linguistic framework for the sea, the SMCP

enhances global maritime communication and helps mitigate the risks associated with

misunderstandings or miscommunications during critical operations.

2
 Effective communication is paramount in the maritime industry. Misunderstandings or

misinterpretations in communication can have dire consequences, including accidents, injuries,

and even environmental disasters. With crews coming from diverse linguistic backgrounds and

vessels traversing international waters, having a common and standardized language is crucial.

The IMO recognized this need and, in response, developed the SMCP.

The Standard Marine Communication Phrases (SMCP) align with the stipulations set

forth in the STCW Convention of 1978, as amended, and the SOLAS Convention of 1974, as

amended, pertaining to verbal communications. Furthermore, these phrases encompass the

essential safety communication elements mandated by these Conventions. The primary objective

is to encourage the frequent use of SMCP over alternative expressions with similar meanings. At

the very least, users are encouraged to closely adhere to the SMCP's wording in relevant

situations. This approach aims to establish the SMCP as the accepted safety language, promoting

the use of English for clear verbal exchanges among individuals from diverse maritime nations.

This becomes particularly crucial in situations where precise meanings and translations might be

uncertain, a challenge increasingly prevalent under contemporary sea conditions.

Marine communication is a critical component of maritime operations, and the adoption

of Standard Marine Communication Phrases (SMCP) plays a pivotal role in fostering effective

and universal communication at sea. These standardized phrases, established by the International

Maritime Organization (IMO), provide a shared language that transcends linguistic barriers,

ensuring clear and unambiguous interactions among seafarers. The overarching goal is to

enhance safety by minimizing the risk of miscommunication, particularly in situations where

precision and clarity are paramount, such as navigation and emergency response.

3
 The significance of standard marine communication phrases extends to their role in

promoting operational efficiency within the maritime industry. By providing a common

framework for communication, these phrases streamline interactions, making them more

efficient and reducing the potential for misunderstandings. This is particularly crucial in time-

sensitive scenarios, including docking procedures, maneuvering in busy ports, and responding to

emergency situations. The adoption of standardized communication also contributes to a

harmonized approach to maritime activities globally, as vessels from various countries engage in

collaborative efforts on the seas.

In addition to their practical utility, standard marine communication phrases are an

integral part of maritime training and certification programs. Seafarers are required to be

proficient in using these phrases as part of their training, ensuring that they possess the necessary

skills for effective communication at sea. This emphasis on training aligns with the broader goal

of maintaining a competent and skilled workforce within the maritime industry.

The SMCP's compliance with international conventions and emphasis on consistent use

of its terminology fosters a standardized and safety-focused communication framework. It

ensures that individuals from various maritime backgrounds can communicate effectively and

with confidence, reducing the risks associated with linguistic misunderstandings. In an era where

maritime activities have become more complex and global in nature, the SMCP plays a pivotal

role in enhancing clarity, efficiency, and safety in communication at sea.

Standardization of communication through the use of Standard Marine Communication

Phrases (SMCP) is crucial for several reasons. Firstly, it significantly reduces the risk of

miscommunication among seafarers. With a universally accepted set of phrases, there is a

common language that transcends linguistic differences. This standardization is particularly

4
valuable in situations where ships encounter others with crews speaking different languages. The

ability to convey vital information consistently and clearly is paramount, as misunderstandings

can lead to accidents. The standardized phrases provide a reliable means of communication,

ensuring a shared understanding and mitigating the potential for errors that could compromise

safety at sea.

Furthermore, the implementation of standardized communication contributes directly to

the overall safety of maritime operations. In emergency situations, the concise and well-

understood language of SMCP allows seafarers to relay critical information swiftly and

accurately. Whether communicating within the crew or with neighboring vessels, the use of

standardized phrases ensures that the nature of the emergency is communicated efficiently. This

streamlined communication is invaluable in time-sensitive scenarios, enhancing the ability of

maritime professionals to respond promptly and effectively to perilous conditions. In essence, the

adoption of Standard Marine Communication Phrases not only improves communication

efficiency but also serves as a fundamental element in enhancing the overall safety and

effectiveness of maritime activities, aligning with industry requirements such as those set forth

by the International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping

(STCW) for Seafarers.(MITAGS 2023).

The utilization of Standard Marine Communication Phrases (SMCP) on board

international vessels serves as a cornerstone in fostering effective and standardized

communication within the maritime industry. Developed by the International Maritime

Organization (IMO), SMCP represents a comprehensive set of predefined phrases and technical

terms designed to facilitate clear and unambiguous communication among seafarers from diverse

linguistic and cultural backgrounds. The significance of SMCP lies in its ability to provide a

5
universal language that transcends national borders, enabling seamless communication between

crew members and ensuring operational safety during international maritime activities. This

introduction explores the critical role of SMCP in promoting a shared communication framework

that contributes to the overall efficiency, safety, and success of maritime operations worldwide.

In the realm of international maritime operations, where vessels traverse global waters,

effective communication becomes paramount for safe navigation and operational efficiency.

SMCP acts as a vital tool in this context, offering a standardized language that enhances

communication reliability and reduces the risk of misunderstandings or misinterpretations. The

use of SMCP is not only mandated by international regulations but is also recognized as a

practical necessity in addressing the complex and dynamic nature of maritime activities. As

vessels navigate through different regions, encountering crews with varying native languages,

SMCP ensures that crucial information related to navigation, safety procedures, and emergency

protocols is conveyed uniformly, contributing to a harmonized and secure maritime environment.

Moreover, the adoption of SMCP is integral to complying with international conventions,

such as the International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping

for Seafarers (STCW). This regulatory framework mandates the incorporation of SMCP into the

training and certification processes for seafarers, reinforcing its significance as a standard

communication protocol. The ensuing paragraphs delve into the multifaceted dimensions of

SMCP, exploring its implications for safety, training, and international collaboration within the

dynamic and interconnected landscape of the maritime industry.

6
Theoretical background

This study is primarily grounded in the 'Connectivism learning theory' as articulated by

(Hermansson, Emma Papamatthaiou, Dafni.2019). In the dynamic realm of maritime

communication, the evolution from the inaugural Standard Marine Navigational Vocabulary

(SMNV) to the subsequent maturation of Standard Marine Communication Phrases (SMCP)

encapsulates a nuanced theoretical framework deeply rooted in the International Convention on

Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers (STCW) of 1978, with a

pivotal revision in 1995. This progression, initiated collaboratively by esteemed maritime

authorities, prominently features the insightful contributions of theorists who have significantly

impacted the trajectory of SMCP. Recognized as influential contributors within the maritime

community, these individuals have played instrumental roles in shaping and advancing the

discourse surrounding the theory of maritime communication standards. Their efforts have

significantly impacted the trajectory of SMCP, underscoring its multifaceted nature and

theoretical underpinnings. Their contributions extend beyond mere practical considerations,

reflecting a deep commitment to the conceptual evolution of communication protocols in the

maritime domain.

Commencing on June 10th, 1997, the inception of this theoretical framework marked a

crucial juncture in the maritime industry. The theoretical dimensions of this transition are not

merely confined to the pragmatic aspects of enhancing safety navigation and facilitating verbal

communication at sea, in ports, and across national and international boundaries. Rather, they

encompass a deliberate and thoughtful integration of educational imperatives within maritime

7
training institutions, thereby adding a layer of complexity to the overarching theoretical

framework.

As we delve into the intricate tapestry of maritime communication theory, the

Connectivism learning theory by Hermansson, Emma Papamatthaiou, Dafni stands as a pillar,

embodying a commitment to the theoretical advancement of communication standards within the

maritime community. Their collaborative efforts have not only propelled the practical application

of SMCP but have also elevated its significance as a theoretical construct, addressing the

evolving needs of maritime education and training institutions.

In the study conducted by (Aprizawat and Aswand 2018), it was highlighted that

following the earlier adoption of the International Convention on Standards of Training,

Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers, members of the International Maritime

Organization (IMO) proposed the development of model training courses. This suggestion aimed

to aid in the implementation of the Convention and to facilitate a more rapid transfer of

information and skills pertaining to new developments in maritime technology. The newly

devised technology-based training system adheres to international standards and aligns with the

IMO Model Course 3.17, where Maritime English, including the use of Standard Marine

Communication Phrases (SMCP), is incorporated. The study emphasizes the significance of this

training approach and underscores how Marine Soft's SMCP Training Tools leverage modern

and effective learning methods within a flexible environment, free from local and temporal

constraints. This adaptability makes the tool well-suited for various educational contexts,

including assessment, self-study, and group training.

The research sheds light on the proactive measures taken within the maritime industry to

enhance training methodologies in response to the evolving landscape of maritime technology.

8
The incorporation of SMCP in the training tools underscores the industry's commitment to

standardized communication for improved safety and efficiency. Furthermore, the emphasis on

flexibility and modern learning methods reflects a recognition of the diverse learning needs and

preferences of seafarers, positioning this technology-based training system as a valuable asset for

comprehensive maritime education and skill development.

In the academic exploration conducted by (Mohammed Ismail Russtam Suhrab), a

comprehensive investigation was undertaken to enhance students' academic achievement, with a

specific focus on the Maritime English course for students studying Maritime Transportation and

Nautical Science at the University Malaysia Terengganu (UMT). Recognizing the inherent

uniqueness in how each student learns, the study aimed to address the absence of a universally

perfect teaching method by identifying and adopting the most suitable options for individual

learners. The research employed a rigorous empirical and scientific approach to assess the UMT

system for teaching and learning Maritime English. Content analysis of students' final test papers

was conducted to gauge their language competency, and insights were gathered through

interviews with chosen experts in the field. The subjects of the study comprised first-year

participants in the Maritime Transportation and Bachelor of Nautical Science program, adding

specificity to the exploration of strategies to elevate performance in Maritime English courses.

The findings of the study not only provided valuable insights into the UMT system for

teaching and learning Maritime English but also yielded recommendations for enhancing student

performance in similar courses across maritime universities globally. The research, rooted in

empirical evidence and scientific methodologies, serves as a significant contribution to the

ongoing efforts to improve academic achievement in maritime education, acknowledging the

9
diverse learning needs of students and emphasizing the importance of tailored teaching

approaches in the context of Maritime English.

In the study by (Haryani, Mujiyanto, Rudi Hartono, and Issy Yuliasiri in 2023), seafarers

were the subject of investigation concerning their communication practices on vessels,

encompassing ship-to-ship or ship-to-shore interactions within international (oceangoing) or

local maritime routes. The research underscored the pivotal role played by the Standard Marine

Communication Phrases (SMCP) in guiding these communication processes. The SMCP, as

elucidated in the study, constitutes a comprehensive collection of technical terms and

predetermined phrases. Mariners consistently rely on this standardized language tool to

communicate effectively with crew members who may come from diverse nationalities and

linguistic backgrounds, both within the vessel's internal structure and in interactions with

external boats. The study sheds light on the practical implementation of SMCP as an essential

component of maritime communication, emphasizing its utility in promoting clear and

standardized interactions crucial for ensuring the safety and efficiency of operations at sea.

By emphasizing the significance of SMCP in facilitating coherent communication among

mariners, the study contributes valuable insights to the field of maritime communication

practices. The standardized phrases outlined in the SMCP not only bridge language gaps but also

ensure a universal understanding among crew members, fostering a safer and more efficient

maritime environment. The research thus provides a nuanced understanding of how SMCP

serves as a guiding framework for seafarers, enabling seamless communication in the complex

and dynamic maritime domain.

10
 On the bridge, radio communication is the process by which crew members on different

boards of the vessel exchange information with one another utilizing the radio as their main tool.

In the bridge room, the captain, second officer, or third officer often communicate. Additionally,

they discuss verbal routine communication in the marine setting as well as external distress

information; hence, the language used should be harmonized with SMCP to prevent

misunderstandings and meaning ambiguities.

The importance of understanding Standard Marine Communication Phrases (SMCP) for

international seafarers, especially those working on vessels in regions such as Europe, America,

or Australia, is underscored by the requirements outlined in the International Convention on

Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers (STCW) of 1978 (revision

1995). The STCW mandates that even cadets working at the national level and engaged in

navigation on vessels over 500 gross tons must be familiar with and comprehend SMCP. The

origins of SMCP trace back to its initial draft on June 10th, 1997. Preceding the development of

SMCP, seafarers predominantly utilized Standard Marine Navigational Vocabulary (SMNV),

which was officially agreed upon by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) in 1985.

Notably, SMCP is an evolutionary development of SMNV, sharing common objectives related to

enhancing safety in navigation and serving as a verbal language for communication at sea, in

ports, and on a national and international scale. Additionally, SMCP goes beyond SMNV by

serving specific purposes, notably in aiding maritime training institutions.

The historical context presented in this study illuminates the transition from SMNV to the

more comprehensive and contemporary SMCP. Both frameworks, while sharing overarching

safety and communication objectives, signify a progression in addressing the dynamic needs of

seafarers, emphasizing the role of SMCP in enhancing maritime training. By highlighting the

11
global and institutional implications of SMCP, the study provides insights into its multifaceted

role as a vital tool for effective communication, safety, and education within the international

maritime community.

In the 2023 research conducted by (Haryani Haryani), the investigation centers on the

obligatory use of the Standard Marine Communication Phrase (SMCP) by seafarers worldwide,

as mandated by the International Maritime Organization (IMO). Employing a qualitative

research approach, data collection involves a thorough analysis of SMCP documents in the

context of both onboard and external communication. The research utilizes diverse

methodologies, including the examination of SMCP documents, administration of open-ended

questionnaires, conducting interviews, and recording responses. The study illuminates disparities

in the application of SMCP for external and internal communication, revealing that 9% of

respondents consider it optional, 26% recommend its use, and a substantial 65% mandate its

application for external communication. Additionally, in crew radio communication, especially

for onboard interactions, the use of English exhibits variation, with 11% opting for it optionally,

41% recommending its use, and 48% deeming it mandatory.

The findings shed light on a significant reluctance among Indonesian seafarers working

on the bridge to embrace SMCP, indicating a lower adoption rate. Several factors contribute to

this reluctance, including a predominantly Indonesian crew, a lack of awareness, the absence of

incentives or penalties for compliance, and the memorization challenges posed by the

standardized phrases in the SMCP book. Despite its global mandate, the study underscores the

need for targeted initiatives to enhance awareness and promote the use of SMCP for both internal

and external communication onboard, emphasizing its pivotal role in preventing accidents and

incidents at sea.

12
 In a study conducted by (Iris Q. Heslop in 2023), the focus was on seafarers working on

international vessels, a group comprising individuals from diverse countries and backgrounds.

Recognizing the importance of establishing a common language to facilitate effective

communication on board, the study specifically delved into the perception of seafarers regarding

the utilization of Maritime English. This common language aims to eliminate potential confusion

that could arise from the daily use of typical words and terms on board vessels. The study

employed a comparative research design, with Filipino seafarers from Cebu City and Cebu

Provinces, engaged in the maritime industry on international vessels for at least two years,

serving as the respondents. The sample included 130 participants who voluntarily took part in the

study, providing valuable insights into their perceptions of Maritime English.

The research findings indicated that high-ranking seafarers, both from the deck and

engine departments, demonstrated a high level of perception regarding the benefits of utilizing

Maritime English on board. Specifically, they believed that using Maritime English helped in

avoiding ambiguous meanings during communication. While the perceptions of low-ranking

deck and engine department participants varied, they still exhibited a very high level of

perception regarding the effectiveness of Maritime English. The study highlighted that,

according to the participants, Maritime English played a crucial role in facilitating

communication to prevent accidents, comprehend information and messages related to the ship's

safety and operation, and understand orders being delivered on board. This underscores the

significance of a standardized language, aligning with the broader theme of the study on the

perception of utilizing standard marine communication phrases for effective and unambiguous

communication at sea.

13
 The research conducted by (Anna Tenieshvili, 2021) at Batumi State Maritime Academy

explores the interconnectedness of intercultural communication, cultural awareness, and English

language teaching, with a specific focus on the maritime education and training context. The

study delves into whether introducing cultural elements in language teaching enhances the

effectiveness of the course, particularly in the context of modern seafarers who often collaborate

in multinational crews. The significance of this research lies in its examination of the role of

General English and Maritime English in imparting cultural awareness to individuals with

diverse nationalities and cultural backgrounds, considering language as a crucial tool for

fostering a common environment and shared interests among crew members.

The findings of Tenieshvili's work underscore the importance of language, particularly

General English and Maritime English, in facilitating cultural awareness among seafarers. Given

the multinational nature of maritime crews, a shared language becomes a core component in

creating a cohesive and culturally sensitive working environment. The study aligns with the

broader theme of the perception on the utilization of standard marine communication phrases by

emphasizing the role of language, specifically Maritime English, in conveying cultural specifics

and promoting effective intercultural communication within the maritime industry.

Furthermore, the research raises a pertinent question regarding the integration of culture

in language courses, specifically Maritime English. The exploration of whether culture should be

a standalone subject or integrated into language and humanities courses adds depth to the

investigation. This aspect resonates with the broader understanding of the perception on the

utilization of standard marine communication phrases, as it prompts consideration of the holistic

approach to maritime education, encompassing both linguistic and cultural dimensions for

effective communication at sea.

14
 The research conducted by (Achala K. Dissanayake) delves into the intricate linguistic

landscape of the maritime industry, highlighting the multicultural and multilingual nature of

ships' crews and offshore personnel. The study emphasizes the prevalent use of English as a

Lingua Franca (ELF) in ship-to-ship, ship-to-shore, and on-board communication within this

diverse environment. Given the linguistic diversity among speakers of various English varieties

and native languages, the use of ELF in maritime communication is a complex phenomenon

characterized by features from multiple English varieties and the native languages of the

speakers.

This research contributes significantly to the broader understanding of language

dynamics in maritime contexts, aligning with the overarching theme of the perception on the

utilization of standard marine communication phrases. Dissanayake's exploration of ELF in

maritime communication underscores the need for a nuanced approach to Maritime English

(ME) pedagogy. The study advocates for the incorporation of knowledge from both World

Englishes (WE) and ELF into ME education, recognizing the importance of preparing seafarers

for effective communication in a linguistic environment shaped by diverse English varieties and

native languages.

In the context of the perception study on standard marine communication phrases,

Dissanayake's research offers valuable insights into the linguistic complexities faced by

seafarers. Understanding the intricacies of ELF interactions among seafarers is pivotal for

developing communication strategies and language training programs that align with the

practical challenges encountered on board. By acknowledging the multifaceted nature of English

usage in maritime communication, this domain-specific research lays a foundation for

15
comprehending the perceptual nuances that seafarers may have regarding the utilization of

standard marine communication phrases in their day-to-day interactions.

(Thomas Saunders') article, "Maritime English: An Introductory Guide," September 25,

2020, provides a comprehensive overview of the importance of Maritime English, also known as

Standard Maritime Communication Phrases (SMCP), within the maritime industry. The article

highlights the critical role of a common language at sea, emphasizing its significance for the

safety of the crew, the efficiency of daily tasks, and the overall integrity of the ship. The core

premise of Maritime English lies in its ability to eliminate confusion by establishing specific

terms for communication, particularly crucial in situations where ambiguity could lead to

misunderstandings, such as directional commands on the vessel.

The article sheds light on the distinctive terminology used in Maritime English for

various positions and regions on a ship, illustrating its unique linguistic characteristics tailored

for effective communication in the maritime domain. Saunders addresses the challenges faced by

beginners in mastering Maritime English, underlining the importance of experienced crew

members providing guidance and familiarizing newcomers with potential scenarios. The use of

message markers as prefixes for statements, such as 'INTENTION,' 'REQUEST,' 'QUESTION,'

and 'ANSWER,' is introduced as a mechanism to enhance clarity and eliminate hesitation when

responding to commands.

In the context of the perception on the utilization of standard marine communication

phrases, Saunders' insights provide valuable background on the intricacies of Maritime English

and its significance in ensuring precise communication at sea. The article underscores the skill

gap faced by budding seafarers in acquiring Maritime English proficiency, which directly relates

to the challenges discussed in the research on seafarers' perception of utilizing standard marine

16
communication phrases. The emphasis on third-party certification, specifically the Maritime

Tests of English Language (MarTEI) exams, offers a potential avenue for seafarers to enhance

their linguistic capabilities and align with the standards and expectations of SMCP and the

International Maritime Organization (IMO). Saunders' guidance on improving general English

skills and the availability of certification programs ties into the broader theme of language

proficiency and its impact on effective communication within the maritime industry.

The study conducted by (Windiahsari and Tsou Wen-li) on "English for Seafarers: Need

Analysis and Course Design for Cadets" addresses the crucial role of Maritime English in the

professional domain of the maritime industry. The research focuses on investigating the specific

needs, difficulties, and English skill proficiency of cadets, aiming to design an English for

Specific Purposes (ESP) course tailored to the maritime context. This study aligns with the

broader theme of the perception on the utilization of standard marine communication phrases, as

it delves into the intricacies of language requirements and proficiency within the maritime field.

The researchers employed a comprehensive approach, utilizing questionnaires to gather

data on cadets' challenges and necessities in using Maritime English. The findings revealed

specific difficulties in areas such as Equipment checking report, Radiotelephone communication,

Traffic operation exchange, and Presentation in English. Additionally, the cadets expressed high

needs in daily English, Presentation in English, IMO standard Marine Communication phrases,

English daily report, and Vessels particulars and specifications. This need analysis is directly

relevant to understanding the linguistic challenges faced by seafarers, aligning with the

overarching theme of the perception study on standard marine communication phrases.

The study emphasizes the importance of Maritime English not only for communication at

sea but also in various professional roles within the maritime industry. The specific language

17
requirements of seafarers, highlighted in the research, underscore the necessity for a nuanced

approach to language training and proficiency in the maritime context. The proposal for ESP

course design, categorizing it into general Maritime English and specific Maritime English,

reflects the tailored approach required to address the diverse linguistic demands within the

industry. This approach resonates with the objective of understanding seafarers' perceptions of

utilizing standard marine communication phrases, as it emphasizes the need for targeted

language training to enhance effective communication at sea.

Furthermore, the study by Windiahsari and Tsou Wen-li acknowledges the global nature

of the maritime industry, emphasizing the importance of English proficiency to prevent accidents

and enhance operational efficiency. The research findings provide valuable insights into the

language challenges faced by seafarers and suggest a proactive approach through ESP course

design to bridge the gap between linguistic needs and proficiency in the maritime field. This

insight contributes to the broader understanding of language dynamics within the maritime

industry, aligning with the objectives of the perception study on standard marine communication

phrases.

18
 THE PROBLEM

Statement of the Problem

The study aims to determine the perception on the utilization of Standard Marine

Communication Phrases on board international vessels.

Specifically, it intended to answer the following questions:

1. What is the profile of the respondents in terms of department?

2. What is the perception of the respondents on the utilization of Standard Marine

Communication Phrases on board international vessels?

3. Is there a significant difference between the profile and the perception of the respondent’s

utilization on Standard Marine Communication Phrases on board.?

4. Recommendation

19
Significance of the study

The study's objective is to ascertain how deck and engine cadets perceive their use of

common marine communication phrases.

Enhancing Onboard Communication This study's significance lies in exploring perceptions of

Standard Marine Communication Phrases (SMCP) utilization by deck and engine cadets on

international vessels. Understanding their perspectives offers insights into onboard

communication dynamics, fostering opportunities for clarity, efficiency, and collaboration

among maritime professionals.

Safety and Operational Efficiency The findings contribute to the goal of improving safety and

operational efficiency at sea. By understanding how deck and engine cadets perceive and use

SMCP, the study informs strategies to refine communication protocols, reducing the risk of

misunderstandings and creating a safer maritime environment.

Training and Curriculum Development Maritime training programs can benefit by tailoring

curricula based on the study's insights, addressing the specific needs of deck and engine cadets.

This ensures future maritime professionals are well-prepared to navigate communication

challenges on international vessels.

20
Professional Development The study contributes to the professional development of deck and

engine cadets, offering them a platform to voice experiences and challenges related to SMCP

usage. This understanding guides targeted interventions, nurturing maritime professionals with

strong communication skills essential for their roles.

Industry Best Practices Research outcomes contribute to establishing industry best practices in

maritime communication. Shipping companies, regulatory bodies, and maritime educators can

leverage the study's findings to refine policies and procedures, aligning them with practical

realities faced by cadets aboard international vessels.

Global Maritime Community The study's significance transcends individual vessels,

influencing the broader global maritime community. Unveiling perceptions on SMCP utilization

provides a basis for international discussions aimed at standardizing and optimizing

communication practices for all seafarers and stakeholders.

21
 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research Design

The research utilizes a descriptive survey approach to explore how both deck and engine

cadets perceive the use of standard marine communication phrases while serving on international

vessels. Researchers crafted a questionnaire specifically for this study, and it will be shared with

cadets through email and various social media platforms during personal interactions. The goal is

to collect authentic insights and experiences from the cadets in a way that feels accessible and

relatable.

Below is the research flow of the study:

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

What is the Descriptive

profile of the
respondents in
terms of Survey Research
department?
What is the Data Gathering
perception of the
respondents on the Data
utilization of d
Standard Marine Sound
Is there a Interpretation,
significant Recommendation
difference between Analysis,
the profile and the
perception of the Conclusion and
respondent’s
utilization on
Standard Marine sound 22
Communication
Phrases on board.? Recommendation
 Figure 1

Research Flow

Research environment

The research will primarily be conducted in a digital and remote environment, given the

mobile and global nature of the respondents, who are deck and engine cadets working onboard

international vessels. The primary method of data collection will involve distributing

questionnaires through email and various social media platforms. These online spaces will serve

as the primary channels for cadets to access and respond to the research questionnaire.

Additionally, to ensure a comprehensive understanding of the cadets' perspectives, the

research can also be extended to school or training centers where cadets may return for their

Bachelor of Science (BS) studies. These physical locations can provide an opportunity for face-

to-face interviews or focus group discussions, enabling a more in-depth exploration of their

perceptions regarding the utilization of Standard Marine Communication Phrases (SMCP). This

hybrid approach, combining both digital and physical environments, offers flexibility and diverse

data collection methods to accommodate the unique circumstances of the cadets and gain a well-

rounded understanding of their experiences and viewpoints.

23
Research Respondents

The respondents for this research paper will comprise both deck and engine cadets who

have completed their rigorous 12-month training onboard international vessels. These cadets are

an integral part of the maritime industry, undergoing comprehensive training to prepare them for

the demands of their future careers at sea. The selection of this specific group of respondents is

crucial as it represents individuals with hands-on experience and a deep understanding of the

operational dynamics and communication challenges onboard ships. They possess first-hand

knowledge of the utilization of Standard Marine Communication Phrases (SMCP) in practical

maritime contexts, making them valuable sources of insights into the effectiveness and

significance of SMCP in real-world scenarios.

The inclusion of both deck and engine cadets ensures a well-rounded perspective on

SMCP utilization across various roles within a vessel. Deck cadets, responsible for navigation,

cargo operations, and safety protocols, offer insights from the bridge's operational and safety

aspects. Engine cadets, on the other hand, contribute to understanding SMCP's role in the

engineering and maintenance of the vessel. Their combined experiences will provide a

comprehensive view of SMCP's impact on safety, efficiency, and communication throughout the

entirety of an international vessel. By surveying these cadets who have successfully completed

their 12-month training onboard, this research aims to shed light on the practical implications of

24
SMCP in the maritime industry and contribute to its continuous improvement and effective

implementation.

Despite the comprehensive insights gained from including both deck and engine cadets in

our research, it is essential to acknowledge the exclusion of certain cadet roles within the

maritime environment. Notably, individuals in non-navigational and non-engineering cadet roles,

such as catering and hospitality cadets, are not directly addressed in this study. While their

contributions to the overall functioning of a vessel are undeniably vital, our research focuses

specifically on the perspectives of deck and engine cadets due to their direct involvement in

navigation, cargo operations, safety protocols, engineering, and maintenance.

25
Research Instruments

The primary objective of this research instrument is to assess the perceptions and

experiences of deck and engine cadets regarding the utilization of Standard Marine

Communication Phrases (SMCP) on international vessels. The assessment tool encompasses

various sections aimed at gathering comprehensive insights into how cadets perceive and apply

SMCP in their maritime roles. Participants' responses will be collected through a specially

designed questionnaire, and their answers will be analyzed to gauge their perceptions and

practical experiences with SMCP. This questionnaire has been thoughtfully structured to

evaluate cadets' understanding, usage, and overall sentiments regarding SMCP, ensuring a well-

rounded assessment of their perspectives on the topic.

The questionnaire comprises sections that explore the cadets' views on SMCP's

effectiveness in ensuring safety, its relevance in different maritime communication scenarios,

and their level of confidence in using these standardized phrases. It also delves into the perceived

challenges and benefits of SMCP utilization. By collecting responses from deck and engine

cadets onboard international vessels, this research instrument aims to provide a comprehensive

understanding of how SMCP is perceived and employed in real-world maritime situations,

offering valuable insights into the effectiveness and significance of SMCP in the industry.

26
Research Procedure

The research procedure commences with the selection of willing deck and engine cadets

onboard international vessels who meet the inclusion criteria. These cadets represent the target

group for understanding the perceptions and utilization of Standard Marine Communication

Phrases (SMCP) in the maritime industry. Participants will be provided with a specialized

questionnaire tailored to the specifics of SMCP and its real-world application. Upon collecting

and assessing the completed questionnaires, demographic data will be scrutinized to identify

potential influencing factors such as years of experience and vessel types. Statistical methods

will be employed to analyze the responses, aiming to discern trends and patterns in the cadets'

perceptions and experiences with SMCP.

In collaboration with maritime educators and industry experts, the existing training and

communication practices will be evaluated to pinpoint areas for enhancing SMCP integration.

Customized intervention strategies, including training sessions, workshops, and interactive

modules, will be introduced to augment cadets' proficiency in utilizing SMCP within the

maritime context. A follow-up assessment will be conducted to gauge the effectiveness of these

initiatives. The research findings will be comprehensively interpreted and compiled into a

detailed research report, which will be shared with relevant stakeholders, including maritime

educators and industry professionals. This report is intended to provide valuable insights into the

27
practical utilization of SMCP in maritime communication, contributing to improved training and

communication practices in the maritime industry.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

The following terms are defined operationally in light of the context in which they are

used in this study to ensure a better comprehension of the findings.

Perception

The term "perception" in this study refers to the subjective understanding and evaluation

of Standard Marine Communication Phrases (SMCP) by deck and engine cadets on international

warships. It investigates how they interpret and use SMCP in everyday work and

communication, offering valuable perspectives on practical issues and advancing our

understanding of the importance and efficacy of SMCP in the marine industry.

Utilization of Standard Marine Communication Phrases (SMCP) On-Board International

Vessel

Internationally recognized English phrases known as Standard Marine Communication

Phrases (SMCP) are used by seafarers, especially deck and engine cadets on multinational

vessels, to facilitate straightforward communication. As a language framework, SMCP improves

comprehension, safety, and effectiveness in a range of maritime operations.

Deck Cadet

28
 A deck cadet is a trainee in marine affairs who manages cargo, navigates ships, and

follows safety procedures. They are vital in using Standard Marine Communication Phrases

(SMCP) for efficient communication and receive specific training for positions on foreign

vessels.

Engine Cadet

An engine cadet is a trainee with a focus on the upkeep and operation of ship equipment

and systems. They are essential to improving international vessels' safety and efficiency. The

precise and efficient transmission of technical information and maintenance operations is

guaranteed by their usage of Standard Marine Communication Phrases (SMCP).

29
 REFERENCES

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Android Based System. ICTE 2 vol. 2017.

Choi, S. H., Chang, E. K., Frendo, E., & Lee, J. (2017). Consideration on the standardized

communication phrases for e-navigation. In IMLA-29th International

Maritime English Conference (pp. 272–286). Korea Institute of Maritime and Fisheries

Technology.

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a686-90f5fdcd941e/IMEC29%20-%20Proceedings%20(2017).pdf

Costa, N. A., Lundh, M., & Mackinnon, S. N. (2017). Non-technical communication factors

at the vessel traffic services. Cogn Tech Work, 20, 63–72.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10111-017-0448-9

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Dirgeyasa, I. W. (2018). The Need Analysis of Maritime English Learning Materials for

Nautical Students of Maritime Academy in Indonesia Based on STCW’2010 Curriculum.

Retrieved from http://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v11n9p41

Franceshi, D. (2014). The features of Maritime English Discourse. International Journal of

English Linguistics.

Fauzi, A., Bundu, P., & Tahmir, S. (2016). The development of Maritime English Learning

Model Using Authentic Assessment based Bridge Simulator in Merchant.

Heslop, I. Q. (2023). Seafarers' Perception on Maritime English Utilization on Board.

https://ijsmsjournal.org/2023/volume-6%20issue-4/ijsms-v6i4p120.pdf

Jackson, J. C. (2018). Communicating and VTS.

https://www.nautinst.org/uploads/assets/uploaded/2b0e1f38-9a42-4c5e-

b911ffe492bb255a.pdf

John, P., Brooks, B., & Schriever, U. (2017). Profiling maritime communication by non-

native speakers: a quantitative comparison between the baseline and standard marine

communication phraseology. Engl Specif Purp, 47, 1–14.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esp.2017.03.002

Jurkovič, V., John, P., & Suban, V. (2019). Ship-shore voice communication upon ships’ port

entry: a case-based analysis of compliance with existing communication standards. In

IMLA International Maritime English Conference 2019 (IMEC31) (pp. 90–110). Åland

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https://www.academia.edu/41194655/IMEC31_Proceedings

Kim, T. (2020). Maritime safety leadership: A study on leadership behaviors, an assessment

instrument and future leadership for safety at sea. Retrieved from

https://openarchive.usn.no

Marine Polytechnic, Makassar. (n.d.). International Journal of Environmental and Science

Education, 11(10), 3231-3240.

Rosedi, S. R. B. H. M., bin Dahari, C. M., & bin Mohd Said, K. (2015). The need to

incorporate kinaesthetic learning as one of the primary methods in maritime

English/communication classes.

Sari, D. P., & Aprizawati. (2019). The effect of Standard Marine Communication Phrases

application through English for maritime ability. Inovish Journal, 1.

Tenieshvili, A. (n.d.). Assessing maritime EFL training: Reflections on how students learn

Standard Maritime Communication Phrases, VHF competence, leadership and

interpersonal skills in simulators. Royal Norwegian Naval Academy, P.O. Box

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Windiahsari, A., & Tsou Wen-li. (Year). English for Seafarers: Need Analysis and Course

Design for Cadets. Department of Foreign Languages and Literature, National Cheng

Kung University, Taiwan. Email: windiahsari@mail.unnes.ac.id

32
.

APPENDIX A - 1

Transmittal Letter to the DEAN

Capt. Gerry D. Enjambre

Dean, Maritime Education

University of Cebu — Maritime Education and Training Center

Alumnos, Mambaling, Cebu City 6000

THRU: Engr. Allan Navarro

General Education Chairperson

General Education Department

University of Cebu – METC

Dear Capt. Enjambre:

Greetings!

33
 I, the undersigned, am currently taking the unit Research 211. As a requirement for

successful completion of the said subject, my group is tasked to conduct research. It is a great

pleasure to present to you a proposal for our research paper entitled “Perception on the

Utilization of Standard Marine Communication Phrases” The main purpose of this paper is to

conduct research on the Maritime students’ proficiency in maritime English.

We ought to complete this research paper and be able to determine the Negative and Positive

aspects of Maritime English Proficiency. Furthermore. We intend to conceptualize our results

and possibly present action plan to address those limitation

We are hoping for your approval.

Sincerely yours,

Perez, Nexon Bong A.

Leader Researcher

Noted by: Approved by:

Nelia E. Lama, MALL Capt. Gerry D. Enjambre

Adviser Dean, Maritime Education

34
 APPENDIX A - 2

Transmittal Letter to the Respondents

University of Cebu – METC

Alumnos, Mambaling, Cebu City

February, 2020

Dear Respondents:

Greetings!

I, the undersigned, together with my team, conducting a research entitled “Perception on

the Utilization of Standard Marine Communication Phrases” as a requirement for the completion

of the unit Research 211 that we are currently taking.

In connection with this, we would like to request for your cooperation in our study.

Please provide an honest answer for each of the items in the herein attached questionnaire to the

best of your ability. Rest assured that all data and information gathered will be dealt with utmost

confidentiality and will be used for academic purposes only.

Your participation and time offered are highly appreciated.

Sincerely yours,

35
Perez, Nexon Bong A.

Leader Researcher

Noted by:

Nelia D. Lama, MALL

Research Adviser

CURRICULUM VITAE

CHRISTY MARIE C. LAGARIT

Sitio Kamanggahan, Guadalupe Cebu City

09694294532

christymarielagarit@gmail.com

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Name : Christy Marie C. Lagarit

Address : Sitio Kamanggahan, Guadalupe Cebu City

Age : 28 yrs. old

Sex : Female

Civil Status : Single

Nationality : Filipino

Date of Birth : October 16, 1995

Place of Birth : Cebu City

Religion : Roman Catholic

Contact number : 09694294532

36
Parents (father) :

Parents (mother) :

CURRICULUM VITAE

PEREZ, NEXON BONG A.

N. Bacalso Ave.,Mambaling, Cebu City

09105314781

nexonbongperez245@gmail.com

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Name : Perez, Nexon Bong A.

Address : N. Bacalso Ave.,Mambaling, Cebu City

Age : 20 yrs. Old

Sex : Male

Civil Status : Single

Nationality : Filipino

Date of Birth : February 21, 2003

Place of Birth : Zamboanga City

Religion : Roman Catholic

37
Contact number : 09105314781

Parents : Perez, Nonito L./ Perez, Zeny A.

Academic Background

Elementary School: : Katipunan, Elementary School

: Plaridel, Misamis Occidental

Secondary School: : Looc National High School

: Plaridel, Misamis Occidental

Senior High School: : Looc National High School

: Plaridel, Misamis Occidental

College School: : University of Cebu METC

: Alumnos, Mambaling, Cebu City

38
 CURRICULUM VITAE

BARCELONA, CHARLES DEMI N.

N. Bacalso Ave.,Mambaling, Cebu City

09816651140

barcelonacharlesdemi@gmail.com

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Name : Barcelona, Charles Demi N.

Address : N. Bacalso Ave.,Mambaling, Cebu City

Age : 20 yrs. Old

Sex : Male

Civil Status : Single

Nationality : Filipino

Date of Birth : April 26, 2023

Place of Birth : Oroquieta City

39
Religion : Roman Catholic

Contact number : 09816651140

Parents : Barcelona, Mila N.

Academic Background

Elementary School: : Looc Central, Elementary School

: Plaridel, Misamis Occidental

Secondary School: : Saint Nicholas Parish School of Plaridel

: Plaridel, Misamis Occidental

Senior High School: : Looc National High School

: Plaridel, Misamis Occidental

College School: : University of Cebu METC

: Alumnos, Mambaling, Cebu City

40
 CURRICULUM VITAE

CODERA, DONALD.

Alumnos, Mambaling, Cebu City

09631195855

coderadonald@gmail.com

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Name : Codera, Donald

Address : N. Bacalso Ave.,Mambaling, Cebu City

Age : 20 yrs. Old

Sex : Male

Civil Status : Single

Nationality : Filipino

Date of Birth : July 30, 2003

Place of Birth : San. Isidro, Palompon, Leyte

41
Religion : Roman Catholic

Contact number : 09631195855

Parents : Vicentina, Codera

Academic Background

Elementary School: : Palompon North Central School

: Palompon, Leyte

Secondary School: : Palompon National High School

: Palompon, Leyte

Senior High School: : Palompon National High School

: Palompon, Leyte

College School: : University of Cebu METC

: Alumnos, Mambaling, Cebu City

42
 CURRICULUM VITAE

ORTEGA, ANGELILO S.

Camp 4, Talisay City, Cebu

ortegaangelilo@gmail.com

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Name : Ortega, Angelilo S.

Address : Camp 4, Talisay City, Cebu

Age : 20 yrs. Old

Sex : Male

Civil Status : Single

Nationality : Filipino

Date of Birth : August 13, 2003

Place of Birth : Talisay City, Cebu

43
Religion : Roman Catholic

Contact number : 09324092925

Parents : Adelito B. Ortega

Academic Background

Elementary School: : Camp 4 Elementary School

: Talisay City Cebu

Secondary School: : Jaclupan National High School

: Talisay City Cebu

Senior High School: : Jaclupan National High School

: Talisay City Cebu

College School: : University of Cebu METC

: Alumnos, Mambaling, Cebu City

44
 CURRICULUM VITAE

ALFEREZ, RICHMOND

West Poblacion, Naga City, Cebu

alferezrichmond@gmail.com

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Name : Alferez, Richmond.

Address : West Poblacion, Naga City, Cebu

Age : 20 yrs. Old

Sex : Male

Civil Status : Single

Nationality : Filipino

Date of Birth : November 28, 2003

45
Place of Birth : City of Naga

Religion : Roman Catholic

Contact number : 09051827119

Parents : Alferez, Richel L.

Academic Background

Elementary School: : Naga Central Elementary School

: Naga City

Secondary School: : Naga National High School

: Naga City

Senior High School: : Naga National High School

: Naga City

College School: : University of Cebu METC

: Alumnos, Mambaling, Cebu City

46
 APPENDIX C

LOCATION MAP

47
 UNIVERSITY OF CEBU

Maritime Education and Training Center

Cebu City, Cebu

QUESTIONNAIRE

Thank you for participating in our research. Your insights are invaluable for understanding the

dynamics of maritime communication and the utilization of Standard Marine Communication

Phrases (SMCP). Please answer the following questions to the best of your knowledge and

experience.

SECTION 1: Demographic Information

1.1 Name (Optional):

1.2 Position/ Role in Maritime Industry:

Instruction:

Kindly choose the response by checking the box that reflects your experience and perception.

48
5 - Strongly agree 4 - Agree 3 - Neutral 2 - Disagree 1- Strongly disagree

SECTION 2: Training and Certification 5 4 3 2 1

2.1I believe that proficiency in Standard Marine

Communication Phrases (SMCP) is essential for effective

communication in the maritime industry.

2.2 I think that incorporating SMCP in maritime training

courses aligns with international standards and enhances

the transfer of information and skills in maritime

technology.

2.3The proficiency in SMCP should be a mandatory

requirement for obtaining maritime certifications.

2.3I feel confident in using SMCP during emergency

situations or distress communications.

49
SECTION 3: Maritime English Education 5 4 3 2 1

3.1. The training programs I have attended sufficiently

emphasized practical applications of SMCP in real-life

scenarios.

3.2. I believe that a standardized training curriculum

focusing on SMCP would enhance the overall

communication skills of maritime professionals.

3.3. I think that the integration of technology, such as e-

learning platforms, can enhance the effectiveness of

SMCP training programs.

3.4. The language proficiency requirements for SMCP

should be tailored to accommodate the linguistic

diversity among crew members.

50
SECTION 4: Perception and Application 5 4 3 2 1

4.1.I believe that periodic refresher courses on SMCP

would be beneficial for maritime professionals to

maintain proficiency.

4.2. The inclusion of practical exercises, such as

simulations or drills, in SMCP training programs

enhances the application of learned phrases in real-time

scenarios.

4.3. I feel that the comprehension and usage of SMCP

should be assessed during maritime education

examinations and assessments.

4.4 SMCP has positively contributed to my ability to

convey information clearly and efficiently while on

duty.

4.5 I believe that the industry should invest more in

promoting awareness and understanding of SMCP

among maritime professionals.

51
4.6 SMCP is an integral part of effective communication not only for safety but also for routine

operational tasks on board.

SECTION 5: Challenges and Barriers 5 4 3 2 1

5.1. I find memorizing the standardized phrases in

SMCP challenging.

5.2.Cultural and language differences among crew

members sometimes hinder the effective application of

SMCP.

5.3. I believe there should be more incentives or

penalties to encourage compliance with SMCP usage.

Section 6: Suggestions for Improvement 5 4 3 2 1

6.1. I think the industry should provide more resources

and tools to support ongoing learning and practice of

SMCP.

6.2. The integration of SMCP in everyday shipboard

routines should be actively promoted by maritime

institutions.

52
6.3 I suggest incorporating more interactive and scenario-based exercises in SMCP training

programs.

6.4. Maritime institutions should provide additional

support for seafarers facing challenges in mastering

SMCP.

6.5. I believe that raising awareness about the

importance of SMCP among all crew members would

enhance its overall effectiveness.

53