Oral Communication in

Context
Quarter 1 – Module 5:
Types of Speech Context
Oral Communication in Context
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 5: Types of Speech Context
First Edition, 2020

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 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help
you master the Types of Speech Context. The scope of this module
permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language
used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are
arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in
which you read them can be changed to correspond with your needs.

The module consists of one lesson, namely:

• Types of Speech Context

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. define speech context;

2. identify the various types of speech context in different situations; and
3. employ appropriate verbal and non-verbal behavior in different speech
context.

Lesson
1 Types of Speech Context

There is never a day that you do not communicate. It could be a group

discussion, Facebook status update, dinner conversation with someone
you are interested in, or small talk with a family member. In this case, it
is necessary for you to understand the concept of speaking in a variety of
communication situation and the number of people you are
communicating with.

Since you have already learned the various components of

communication in the previous modules, this time you are going to look
at speech context and find out how to act appropriately in the different
communication situations.

What is It
Speech Context is important because it helps you communicate
appropriately, understand the meaning of any message conveyed, and
respond accordingly. In order for you to have a clear grasp of what
Speech Context is, its types are discussed below.

Types of Speech Context

1. Intrapersonal – This refers to a type of communication that is
focused on one person, where the speaker acts both as the sender and as
the receiver of the message. The message is made up of thoughts and
feelings while the medium is the brain that processes what you think and
feel. (Hybels & Weaver, 2012, p 16)

Examples:
•
There is a voice within you that tells you, “It’s okay, you can still do it! You
can make it!” when you are losing your drive to finish the task that you are
doing.
•
When you told yourself not to talk to your friends when you have read in a
Facebook post that they were in a party and you were not invited.

2. Interpersonal – This refers to the type of communication that

takes place between and among people and creates a personal
relationship between and among them. Normally, it includes two
individuals, and it can vary from casual and very personal to formal and
impersonal.

Types of Interpersonal Communication

Dyad Communication – communication that happens between two people.

Examples:

•
You consoled your brother who was feeling down.
•
A conversation between your father and mother about the latest
announcement of your Barangay Chairman.

Small Group– This applies to interactions involving at least three but not
more than twelve people engaged in face-to-face interactions to achieve the
desired goal. In this type of conversation, all participants can freely express
their ideas throughout the discussion.

Examples:

•
You are having a discussion with your two brothers about the surprise
party you are planning for your Mom’s birthday.
•
Kathlyn who came back from the United States called her three brothers
and four sisters and announced that she is getting married.

3. Public– This type refers to a communication that enables you to

send or deliver a message before a crowd. The message can be
transmitted for informative or persuasive purposes. "In public
communication, unlike interpersonal and small groups, the channels are
more exaggerated. The voice is louder and the gestures are more
expansive because the audience is larger” (Hybels & Weaver, 2012, p 19).

Examples:

• Delivering a graduation speech to your fellow graduates.

You were elected as the new SSG president of your school and were given
•
a chance to deliver a message of gratitude to your fellow students.

4. Mass Communication – This refers to communication through

television, radio, newspapers, magazines, books, billboards, the internet,
and other types of media.

Examples:

•
You are watching a televised briefing of IATF on COVID-19.
•
You have recorded a commentary for your school’s Online Discussion of
the pandemic and uploaded it in your social media account.

Verbal and Non-verbal Behavior in a Speech Context

Different speech context whether it is intrapersonal, interpersonal, public
or mass communication requires different approaches. Though there
might be some occasional similarities, you should at least know how to
behave and respond to various speech contexts appropriately.

When talking to your self

You might be familiar with the feeling of quietly talking to yourself in
your mind, and it's normal — and good for you. By performing this, it
makes you think and reflect on the things you have done or are planning
to do. But here are some important reminders that you need to keep in
mind:

1. Use self-talk to your advantage: Cheering yourself up before an

important event or talking to yourself while completing a task are two
 perfect opportunities for self-talk (Gould, 2018, Talking to yourself is
normal, n.d.).
2. Don’t overdo it. While it is normal to talk to yourself constantly, it is
better not to overuse
yourself of doing so. The most common reason why people end up
talking to themselves is because they feel like they do not have
someone else to talk to. To address this, you need to be more sociable, it
would give you more people to talk to other than yourself.

When talking to one person or a small group of people

Consoling your friend who is feeling down, or simply talking with your
classmates about your plans for a group activity is an example of a dyad
and small group communication. This kind of communication implies
that the conversation is being shared and there is exchange of ideas.
Small group involves different skills because unlike dyad, it consists of
more than two people. In both cases, you can be as natural as yourself,
however, unlike a running conversation in your head, you have to
consider that there are others who are equally important in the
conversation. Thus, to achieve successful communication in a dyad or
small group, you have to consider the following;

1. Listen carefully - Needless to say, this is the

very basic foundation of effective
communication. You have to listen carefully
and understand what the other person is saying.
Asking clarifying questions lets the
another person know that you are indeed listening
attentively. More so, take active part. You also need
to be heard and
understood when it is your time to speak.

2. Check your tone and body language. The

vocabulary of the body is more revealing than
the actual words you speak. So, watch your tone
and body language while you are
talking. Is your tone tough? Do you smile and
encourage the person you are talking to?

Your body language tells more about your

emotions and thoughts than your actual words.
Bear this in mind the next time you
have a conversation with someone. Check your
body language to ensure that it is
consistent with your words (Oakes, 2017).
3. When talking to the public
Speaking in front of the crowd requires many
preparations; from analyzing your

target audience, to planning and

drafting your speech up to the rehearsing
part. The key therefore is to
come prepared. Be yourself while you are on
stage and speak in the way that you will be easily
understood by your
audience.

You will know more about this in the succeeding modules about the

“Principles of Speech Delivery”.