NURSING RESEARCH 1 Dr. Francis Jay H.

Ramos

RESEARCH IN NURSING Siena College of Taytay

College of Nursing
 RESEARCH IN NURSING:
THE NEED FOR NURSING RESEARCH
One of the characteristics of any profession is
that it possesses a body of knowledge which
practitioners continuously seek to extend to
improve its services
 RESEARCH IN NURSING:
THE NEED FOR NURSING RESEARCH
A profession utilizes in its practice, a well-
defined and well-organized body of
specialized knowledge which is constantly
enlarged and its techniques of education and
service improved through the use of scientific
method (Bixler and Bixler, 1959)
Why is man prompted
to do research?
 Because of the innate desire to explore,
discover, and find for himself what lies in area
that were only assumptions, the solutions he can
give to problems confronting him, and the
additional knowledge he can contribute to
those already existing
What is your
definition of
Research?
 RESEARCH DEFINED
Research is derived from the old French word
cerchier – to seek or search.
The prefix re means again and signifies
replication of the search
 RESEARCH IN NURSING
Nurses today are increasingly engaged in
disciplined studies that benefit the profession
and its clients to contribute to the improvement
of the entire health care system.
 THE UTILITARIAN REASON
OF THE NURSING PROFESSION
Monetar
y gain

Ticket
Prestige
Servic for a
e better
life

Second
choice
WHY DO RESEARCH IN NURSING?

Nurses Compassio Skills

Updated n
ways of
addressing
client concerns
 WHY DO RESEARCH IN NURSING?
Duty for anyone
Research in an important
tool to provide the means
who wishes to
of discovering new ways of pursue a nursing
conceptualizing and doing career
nursing care

Research is no
longer a choice
 NURSING RESEARCH THROUGH
THE YEARS
Research is useless
Through the years, research
No place in nursing practice
by nurses has been
conducted. For inclined and intelligent
Misconceptions about Funding problem
research have arisen for
several reasons Enormity of the task

Confused about what nursing research is

 FOUNDATIONS OF NURSING
KNOWLEDGE
Since nursing is out to prove itself as a profession, considerable
amount of attention has been spent in recent years in researching
new knowledge to further improve nursing care and practice.
Nurses have come to know how to provide nursing care through:
1. customs and traditions
2. authority
3. staff development and experience
WHAT IS NURSING
RESEARCH?
WHAT IS NURSING RESEARCH?
It is the methodic examination that uses
regimented techniques to resolve questions or
decipher dilemmas
(Boswell and Cannon, 2007)
 WHAT IS NURSING RESEARCH?
Nursing research is a systematic approach with a quality of
replicability. System and order are the key features associated
with nursing research. Research is associated with theory
development (Schmidt and Brown, 2009)
Some of the areas they have pinpointed as research subjects are:
❖Patient outcomes
❖Attitudes of nurses
❖Effectiveness of administrative policy
❖Teaching strategies in nursing education
❖Contribution to the development and refinement of theory
WHAT IS NURSING RESEARCH?
A systematic inquiry that uses disciplined methods to
answer questions or solve problems. The ultimate goal of
research is to develop, refine, and expand a body of
knowledge…a systematic inquiry designed to develop
trustworthy evidence about issues of importance to the
nursing profession, including nursing practice, education,
administration, and informatics (Polit and Beck, 2008)
WHAT IS NURSING RESEARCH?
A systematic, objective process of analyzing phenomena
of importance to nursing…all studies concerning nursing
practice, nursing education, and nursing administration
(Nieswiadomy, 2008)
Nursing research is meant to explain a ‘phenomenon’ that
is related to the practice of nursing
WHAT IS NURSING RESEARCH?
A formal, rigorous and intensive process used for
solutions to nursing problems or to discover and
interpret new facts and trends in clinical practice,
nursing education or nursing administration
(Waltz and Bausell, 2001)
 WHAT IS NURSING RESEARCH?
Research is an honest, scientific investigation undertaken
for the purpose of discovering new facts which will
contribute to the present body of knowledge and can lead
to an effective solution of existing problems. It involves
careful or critical thinking to revise or revalidate accepted
conclusions and previously held concepts or to establish
generalizations or principles (PNA, 1963)
 RATIONALE FOR CONDUCTING
CLINICAL NURSING RESEARCH
Clinical nursing research is the research designed
to generate knowledge to guide nursing practice
and to improve the health and quality of nurses’
clients (Polit and Beck, 2008)
Research undertaken to produce knowledge that
will affect the conduct of nursing practice
(Nieswiadomy, 2008)
RATIONALE FOR CONDUCTING
CLINICAL NURSING RESEARCH
Nursing problems and issues which are integral to the work situation

Personal satisfaction derived from finding better ways of providing nursing

care

No one has greater access to the client than the nurse

It could be therapeutic and enjoyable for the client to participate in clinical

research
Clinical research is practical way for a nurse to help improve the health care
of the sick and well individuals
 REASONS FOR LACK
OF CLINICAL NURSING RESEARCH

Too busy caring for patients Unless the nurse has had
academic training in
theoretical conceptualizations,
research may not seem
important
Unless the importance of
research is felt and
recognized, nurses may not be
able to identify researchable
problems
Many nurses do not have the
academic training needed to
feel confident in doing clinical
research

The ethical requirements of Unless administrators are Research takes time and costs
research are difficult to research oriented, the nursing money
comply with and tend to scare staff feels the futility of
would-be researchers support for nursing research
 NURSING RESEARCH VERSUS
RESEARCH IN NURSING
The term nursing research and research in nursing refer to research done in the course of
nursing practice

Nursing research refers to

research done on
addressing the health
concerns of clients and the
application of research on Research in nursing refers to
their care studies on the particular concerns
of nurses themselves
 NURSING RESEARCH VERSUS
RESEARCH IN NURSING
Nursing research deals with studies on the process of providing
care and the concomitant problems therein.
Research in nursing deals with the wider study of the profession in
general – historical, ethical and developmental aspects. Examples,
how the nurses and their co-workers are educated and trained,
information on the clients they serve, and the various settings in
which their services are provided
 TYPES OF RESEARCH
1. Pure or basic research – the search of new knowledge includes establishing
fundamental theories or relationships among facts, which are not intended for
immediate use in real life situations. useful in advancing scientific knowledge or in
furthering research
! Example: Newton’s Law of Action; Einstein’s Theory of Relativity; Darwin’s Theory of Evolution
2. Applied research – involves seeking new applications of scientific knowledge in
solving a problem, making a decision, developing or evaluating a program,
procedure, or products
! Example: Contraception use; Unang Yakap; Antibiotic therapy
3. Action research – the study of a certain problem and, from that experience,
decisions, actions and conclusions are drawn. Findings are limited to settings actually
studied.
! Example: Bed modification; Quality assurance application; training programs
NURSES’ FUEL TO ACCOMPLISH
RESEARCH

INTEREST
GOALS OF NURSING RESEARCH
To strengthen the body of abstract knowledge through continuous scientific researches ad
logical analysis capable of being translated to nursing practice
Nursing research is an invaluable aid in the promotion and maintenance of health, prevention
and cure of illness, the habilitation and rehabilitation of the disabled and the handicapped
whose life depends on others for survival
As a basic tool for knowledge acquisition in nursing, research has at least four specific goals:
❖Efficiency and effectiveness in nursing care
❖Worth and value of the nursing profession to society
❖Identification, implementation and evaluation of effective health care modalities
❖Provision of quality care to clients
GOAL OF NURSING RESEARCH
The main goal of nursing science is to strengthen the
body of knowledge through continuous scientific
researches and logical analyses capable of being
translated to nursing practice
 GOAL OF NURSING RESEARCH
As a basic tool for knowledge acquisition in nursing, research has
at least four specific goals:
• efficiency and effectiveness in nursing care
• worth and value of the nursing profession to society
• identification, implementation and evaluation of effective health
care modalities
• provision of quality care to clients
GOALS OF NURSING RESEARCH
Provide efficient and effective nursing care

• The nursing profession exists primarily for service to society based on accurate knowledge

Promote the worth and value of the nursing profession to society

• To enable nurses to deliver quality care is to make use of the most recent findings that provide
proof or evidence to validate and justify the appropriateness and adequacy of nursing care

Identify, implement and evaluate effective health care modalities

• Nursing research enables nurses to cautiously assess individuals and groups as basis for planning
accurate nursing intervention

Utilize clinical nursing research as evidence-based data to provide quality

care to clients
• Caring of clients who come for health checks is not only measured through the number of clients
attended to but also the quality of care given them
 REASONS FOR CONDUCTING
RESEARCH IN NURSING
Research in nursing is vital to the well-being of mankind due to its valuable tasks,
as follows:
Gathers data or Describes the
information on nursing characteristics of the
situations or conditions nursing situation about
about which little which little is known
knowledge is available
Documents the social
relevance and Provides scientific Predicts probable
efficacy of nursing knowledge base from Develops outcomes of nursing
practice to people which nursing theories considerable degree decisions in relation to
and health care emerge and develop of confidence client care
providers

Defines parameters Helps correct, clarify, Provides knowledge

of nursing identifies its validate and expand Prevents undesirable for purposes of
boundaries perceptions client reaction problem solving and
decision making
Develops and
Provides theoretical evaluates nursing
and scientific basis for theories and concepts
nursing practice and practices these for
clarity and validity of
nursing actions
 DIFFERENCE BETWEEN RESEARCH
AND PROBLEM SOLVING
Research and problem solving are considered one and the
same thing. The fundamental difference is in the purpose.

The purpose of research is to reveal new knowledge while

problem solving is to solve immediate problem in a
particular setting
 PURPOSES OF NURSING
RESEARCH
Research in general answers questions to solve problems. Research provides tools for
observation to generate knowledge as basis for predicting and controlling
phenomena.
Specifically, nursing research aims to do the following tasks:
! Identification
! Nursing research assesses situation that need clarification and solutions
! Description
! Research aims at describing a phenomenon that relates to the nursing profession
! Exploration
! It answers what questions on the phenomenon searching for illustrative examples in order to become familiar with the phenomenon
and understand it more precisely and accurately
! Explanation
! Research seeks clarification of prevailing situation to answer questions that ask why a phenomenon occurred
! Prediction and control
! Prediction . Research projects situations or events that could arise from research investigation
! Control. Research puts up a barrier to hinder or minimize the effects of anticipated outcomes or reactions
 CHARACTERISTICS OF RESEARCH

Orderly and Control Empirical Generalization Intensive

systematic

• The researcher • The researcher • The researcher uses • The stage where the • In-depth is used to
undertakes the identifies and results of findings of the study ensure that all the
investigation eliminates specific experiences and are deemed to have possible loopholes in
systematically in an constraints or observation rooted applicability to the the study are
ordered sequence limitations to ensure in objective reality entire population covered
of steps precise and valid as sources of
results knowledge
ROLES OF NURSES IN RESEARCH

As As As As As client As subjects
principal members evaluator consumers advocates of research
investigato of a of research of research in a
rs research findings findings research
team study
 HALLMARKS AND QUALITIES
OF GOOD NURSE RESEARCHERS
Honest and Accurate in data Organized and Logical
credible collection systematic

Self-awareness Imaginative and Persistent with Establishes good

curious barriers relationship

Updated and
informed of
present issues
and events
ALTERNATIVE ROUTES TO PROBLEM
SOLVING
There are many alternative solutions to problems as there are approaches to that
problem besides the scientific approach:

Research
and
Problem problem
solving and solving
Common the nursing
sense process
Logical
reasoning
Trial and
error
Human
experiences
Authority
Faith, habit
or
Ignore or traditional
redefine the practice
problem
END
Answer this questions:
What is the importance of research in the field of nursing ?
How relevant is research in the field of medical advancement? How about in the
treatment of Covid 19?