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com
 PROFIT AND LOSS

1. A man buys a cup for Rs.60 and sells it for Rs.48. Find loss %.
a. 18% b. 19% c. 20% d. 22% e. None of these

2. If an article is sold at 10% gain instead of 10 % loss the seller gets Rs.7.80 more. The cost price of the article
is
a. 74 b. 39 c. 40 d. 25 e. None of these

3. Two bags of rice, costing Rs.400 each, are sold, one at 10 % profit and the other at 10 % loss. What is the
overall profit or loss percentage?
a. 8% b. 19% c. 10% d. 7% e. None of these

4. A seller uses 930 gms in place of one kg to sell his goods. Find the actual profit or loss %, when he sells his
article at 3% gain on cost price:
70 10 70
a. 8 93 b. 9 93 c. 1093 d. 700 e. None of these

5. On selling an article for 651, there is a loss of 7%. The cost price of that article is
a. 744 b. 751 c. 793 d. 700 e. None of these

6. There is 10 % loss, if an article is sold at Rs.270, then cost price of an article is.
a. 350 b. 300 c. 360 d. 400 e. None of these

7. The Selling price of 12 articles is equal to cost price of 15 articles. The gain percentage is?
a.15% b.32% c.18% d. 25% e. None of these

8. A sells a bicycle to B at a profit of 20%. B sells to C at a profit of 25%. If C pays Rs.225 for it, then the cost
price of bicycle A is:
a.150 b.125 c.160 d.200 e. None of these

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9. If Sweets are bought at 15 for a rupee, how many must be sold for a rupee to gain 25%?
a.15 b.18 c.13 d.12 e. None of these

10. Ramesh buys some toffees at 2 for a rupee and sells them 5 for a rupee. Find his loss percent.
a. 50% b. 40% c. 60% d. 80% e. None of these

11. If the profit on selling an article for Rs.425 is the same as the loss on selling it for Rs. 355, then the cost
price of the article is:
a. Rs. 410 b. Rs. 380 c. Rs. 400 d. Rs. 390 e. None of these

12. In what ratio of quantities, sugar costing Rs.20 per Kg and Rs.15 per Kg should be mixed, so that there will
be neither a loss nor a gain, if mixed sugar is sold at Rs.16 per kg?
a. 1:5 b. 5:1 c. 3:2 d. 1:4 e. None of these

13. The cost price of two dozen bananas is Rs.32. After selling 18 bananas at the rate of Rs.12 per dozen the
Shopkeeper reduced the rate to Rs.4 per dozen. The loss % is:
a. 32.5% b. 37.5% c. 35% d. 39.5% e. None of these

14. A shopkeeper buys two cameras at the same price. He sells one camera at a profit of 18% and the other at
a price 10% less than the selling price of the first. His total profit or loss per cent is
a. 12.1 % profit b. 12.1 % loss c. 12.2 % profit d. 11.1% loss e. None of these

15. If books, bought at prices ranging from Rs.100 to Rs.250, are sold at prices ranging from Rs.200 to Rs.400,
what is the greatest possible profit that might be made in selling nine books?
a. 2600 b. 2500 c. 2700 d. 2400 e. None of these

16. What price should a shopkeeper mark on an item, costing him Rs.174, to gain 25% after allowing a
discount of 25%?
a. 324 b. 290 c. 184 d. 192 e. None of these

17. A man bought oranges at the rate of 8 for 34 and sold them at the rate of 12 for 57. How many oranges
should be sold to earn a net profit of 45?

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a. 90 b. 100 c. 135 d. 150 e. None of these

18. A shopkeeper purchased a TV for Rs.2000 and Radio for Rs.750. He sells TV at 20 % of profit and Radio at a
loss of 5%. The total loss or gain is:
a.362.50 b.352.10 c.250.32 d.130 e. None of these

1
19. If A sells an article to B at a gain of 10 %, B sells it to C at a gain of 72 %, C disposes of it at a loss of 25 %,
and the prime cost of manufacturer A was Rs.3200 then the price obtained by C is:
a. 2830.00 b. 2840.00 c. 2500.00 d. 2838.00 e. None of these

20. A manufacturer fixes his selling price at 33% over the cost of production. If the cost of production goes up
by 12 % and manufacturer raises his selling price by 10 %, his profit percentage will be:
5 5
a. 31% b.25% c. 318% d. 308 % e. None of these

21. A man bought a bullock and a cart for 5000. He sold the bullock at a gain of 30% and the cart at a loss of
20%, thereby gaining 2 % on a whole. Find the cost of bullock.
a. 2000 b.2100 c. 2200 d. 2400 e. None of these

22. A manufacturer sells an item to a wholesale dealer at a profit of 18%. The wholesaler sells the same to a
retailer at a profit of 20%. The retailer in turn sells it to a customer for Rs.15045, thereby earning a profit of
25%. The cost price of the manufacturer is:
a. 8000 b. 8500 c. 9000 d. 10000 e. None of these

1 1
23. If the sales tax reduced from 32 % to 33 %. What difference does it make to a person who purchases an
article whose market price is Rs.8400.00?
a. Rs. 20.00 b. Rs. 15.00 c. Rs. 14.00 d. Rs.10.00 e. None of these

24. The marked price of an article is Rs.5000. But due to a special festive offer, a certain per cent of discount is
declared. Mr.X availed this opportunity and bought the article at reduced price. He then sold it at Rs.5000 and
1
thereby made a profit of 119 %. The percentage of discount allowed was:
a. 10 b. 3 *1/3 c. 7*1/2 d. 11*1/9 e. None of these

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25. A dishonest businessman professes to sell his goods at cost price but he uses false weights with which he
cheats by 20 % while buying & 20% while selling, find his profit percentage.
a. 60 b. 50 c. 40 d. 80 e. None of these

26. Two vehicles are sold for Rs.1897 each, one is sold at profit of 42.84 % and the other at a loss of 6.25 %.
What is the net profit/loss?
a. 14.65% b. 15.30% c. 13.20% d. 18.17% e. None of these

27. A trader buys 150 pens for Rs.1000 and he marks each of them at Rs.10. He gives a discount of 20 % on
each pen and he gives 1 pen free on bulk purchases of 9 pens. What is his minimum possible overall
percentage of profit?
a. 8% b. 10% c.20% d.15% e. None of these

28. If a commission of 10 % is given on the written price the gain is 50 %, what shall be the percentage of gain,
if the commission is increased to 25%?
a. 25% b. 28% c.33% d. None

29. Mr.Singh purchased 40000 apples at Rs.7 each. He found that 30 % of those were spoilt and hence were
found unfit to sold. At what price should he sell each of remaining apples so as to get an overall profit of 25%?
a. 8.75 b. 10 c. 11.25 d. 12.50 e. None of these

30. A discount of 40 % on the marked price of a trouser enables a man to purchase a shirt also, which costs
him Rs.320. How much did the man pay for the trouser?
a.480 b. 540 c. 800 d. None of these

31. An item was sold at a price, after giving two successive discounts of 30 % and 50 %. If the selling price of
the item was Rs.448, then what was the marked price of the item?
a. 840 b. 1280 c. 1140 d. 1640 e. None of these

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ANSWER:

1.c 2.b 3.e 4.c 5.d 6.b 7.d 8.a 9.d

10.c 11.d 12.d 13.b 14.a 15.c 16.b 17.a 18.a

19.d 20.d 21.c 22.b 23.c 24.a 25.b 26.c 27.a

28.a 29.d 30.a 31.b

Solutions:

1. CP = Rs.60, SP = Rs.48
Loss = 60 – 48
= Rs.12

𝐿𝑜𝑠𝑠 12
Loss % = * 100 = 60 * 100 = 20%
𝐶𝑃
So, option (c) is correct.

2. Let the cost price of the article be Rs.100.

With 10 % loss the selling price of the article would be 100 – 10 = Rs.90
With 10 % profit the selling price of the article would be 100 + 10 = Rs.110

Now, it is sold at 10 % profit instead of 10 % loss,

Seller will get 110 – 90 = Rs.20 more if the CP is Rs.100.
Let Seller is getting Rs.7.80 more if the CP is Rs.x.
7.80∗100
∴ x= = 39
20

So, option (b) is correct.

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 3. Total CP of two bags of rice = 400 + 400 = Rs.800

One is sold at 10 % profit and the other at 10 % loss.

10
SP of 1st bag of rice = 400 + 100 * 400 = 400 + 40 = Rs.440
10
SP of 2nd bag of rice = 400 - 100 * 400 = 400 - 40 = Rs.360
∴ Total SP of two bags of rice = 440 + 360 = Rs.800
∴ Total CP = Total SP
∴ There is no profit no loss in this transaction.
So option (e) is correct.

4. Original CP = 1 Kg = 1000 gms

103
SP at 3 % profit rate = 103 % of 1000 = 100 * 1000 = 1030 gms

But seller is using 930 gms in place of 1 kg to sell his goods.

So for the seller, CP will be 930 gms.

1030−930 100 10000 1000 930+70 70

∴ Profit % = * 100 = 930 * 100 = = = = 1093
930 930 93 93
So option (c) is correct.

5. Let the CP of an article be Rs.100.

SP of an article if 7 % loss is there = 100 – 7 = Rs.93

So, if CP of an article is Rs.100 then SP = Rs.93.

Let CP of an article be Rs.x then SP = Rs.651

651∗100
∴x= = Rs.700
93

So, option (d) is correct.

6. Let the CP of an article be Rs.100.

SP of an article if 10 % loss is there = 100 – 10 = Rs.90

So, if CP of an article is Rs.100 then SP = Rs.90.

Let CP of an article be Rs.x then SP = Rs.270

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 270∗100
∴x= = Rs.300
90

So, option (b) is correct.

7. Let CP of 1 article be Rs.C and SP of 1 article be Rs.S.

Then,
SP of 12 articles = CP of 15 articles
∴ 12S = 15C
𝑆 15
∴ =
𝐶 12

∴ if CP is Rs.12 then SP is Rs.15.

∴ Profit = 15 – 12 = Rs.3
3
∴ Profit % = 12 * 100 = 25 %
So, option (d) is correct.

8. Let the CP of a bicycle for A be Rs.100.

A sold it to B at a profit of 20 %.
So, CP for B = 100 + 20 = Rs.120

B sold it to C at a profit of 25 %.
25
So, CP for C = 120 + 100 * 120 = 120 + 30 = Rs.150

Now, if the CP for A is Rs.100 then CP for C is Rs.150.

Let CP for A is Rs.x then CP for C is Rs.225.

225∗100
∴x= = Rs.150
150
So, option (a) is correct.

9. Given that, sweets be bought at the rate of 15 for a rupee

Which means, 15 sweets for a rupee.

To gain 25 % profit, 15 sweets must be sold for:

SP of 15 sweets = Rs.1 + 25 % on Rs.1

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 25
SP of 15 sweets = 1 + 100 * 1

= Rs.1.25

1.25
∴ SP of 1 sweet is = 15

15
∴ Number of sweets that would be sold in Rs 1 = = 12
1.25

So, option (d) is correct.

10. Let the number of toffees be bought be (2*5) = 10

1
CP of 10 toffees = 2 * 10 = Rs.5
1
SP of 10 toffees = 5 * 10 = Rs.2

3
Loss % = 5 * 100 = 60 %
So, option (c) is correct.

11. Let the CP of an article be Rs.x.

The profit on selling an article for Rs.425 is the same as the loss on selling it for Rs.355.

Profit on SP of Rs.425 = Loss on SP of Rs.355

∴ 425 – x = x – 355
∴ 425 + 355 = x + x
∴ 2x = 425 + 355
780
∴ x = = 390
2
So, option (d) is correct.

12. According to the question,

When there is no profit no loss.

C.P = S.P

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 ∴ Cost price of mixed sugar = Rs.16/Kg

Apply Alligation Rule:

20 15

\ /

\ /

16  Mean Price

/ \

/ \

1 4

∴ Required ratio = 1 : 4

So option (d) is correct.

13. CP of 24 bananas = Rs.32

SP of 18 bananas at Rs.12 per dozen = 12 + 6 = Rs.18

SP of remaining 6 bananas at Rs.4 per dozen = Rs.2

∴ S.P. of 24 bananas = 18 + 2 = Rs.20

Loss = 32 – 20 = Rs.12
12
∴ Loss % = (32 * 100) % = 37.5 %

So option (b) is correct.

14. Let the CP of both the cameras be Rs.100.

SP of 1st camera = Rs.118

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 10
SP Of 2nd camera = 118 - 100 * 118 = Rs.106.2

CP of two cameras = Rs.200

SP of two cameras = Rs.224.2

Profit = Rs.224.2 – Rs.200 i.e. Rs.24.2

24.2
Profit % = * 100 = 12.1%
200
So option (a) is correct.

15. CP of a book ranges between = Rs.100 to Rs.250

SP of a book ranges between = Rs.200 to Rs.400

For maximum profit CP should be minimum & SP should be maximum

So,

CP = 100, SP = 400

Profit = SP - CP

= 400 - 100

= Rs.300/book

Total Profit on 9 books = 300 * 9 = Rs.2700.

So option (c) is correct.

16. CP = Rs.174, Gain = 25%

125
∴ SP = 174 * 100 = Rs.217.5

Let the marked price be Rs.x,

75
then x * 100 = 217.5

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 ∴ x = Rs.290

So option (b) is correct.

34
17. CP of 1 orange = = Rs.4.25
8

57
SP of 1 orange = 12 = Rs.4.75

Profit on each apple = 4.75 - 4.25 = Rs.0.50

45
∴ Number of apples required = 0.50 = Rs.90

So option (a) is correct.

18. Cost Price of a TV = Rs.2000

Cost Price of Radio = Rs.750

Total Cost Price = 2000 + 750

= Rs.2750

120 95
Total Selling Price = 100 * 2000 + 100 * 750

= 2400 + 712.5

= Rs.3112.5

The total gain = Total Selling Price - Total Cost Price

= 3112.5 – 2750

= Rs.362.5

So option (a) is correct.

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 19. Let Cost Price for A was Rs.100
10
Then CP for B = 100 + 10 % of 100 = 100 + 100 * 100 = Rs.110
1 15 33 473
CP for C = 110 + 72 % of 125 = 110 + 200 * 110 = 110 + = Rs.
4 4

C disposes it at the loss of 25 %

75 473 1419
∴ Price obtained by C = 100 * = Rs.
4 16

1419
When CP is Rs.100, then price obtained by C is Rs. 16
1419 3200
So when CP is Rs.3200, then price obtained by C = * = Rs.2838
16 100

Short trick:
110 215 75
Price obtained by C = 3200 * 100 * 200 * 100 = Rs.2838
So option (d) is correct.

20. Let the initial cost price (CP1) of Product= Rs.100

33
∴ Initial selling price (SP1) = 100 + * 100 = Rs.133
100

Now, If cost of the production goes up by 12%.

12
∴ CP2 = 100 + 100 * 100 = Rs.112
10
Now SP2 = 133 + 100 * 133 = 133 + 13.3 = Rs.146.3
Profit = 146.3 – 112 = Rs.34.3
34.3 3430 490∗7 245 5
Profit % = 112 * 100 = = = = 308 %
112 16∗7 8

So option (d) is correct.

21. Cost Price of bullock and cart = Rs.5000.

Let bullock’s price be Rs.x and cart’s price be Rs.(5000−x)
2
SP of both = 5000 + 100 * 5000 = Rs.5100
Profit = Rs.100

According to the sum,

130 80
x * 100 + (5000 – x) * = 100
100

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 130𝑥 + (5000−𝑥)80
∴ = 5100
100

∴ 130x + 400000 – 80x = 510000

∴ 50x = 110000

110000
∴x= = 2200
50
So option (c) is correct.

22. Let Cost Price for manufacturer was Rs.100

Then CP for wholesaler = Rs.118
20
CP for retailer = 118 + 20 % of 118 = 118 + 100 * 118 = 118 + 23.6 = Rs.141.6
25
CP for customer = 141.6 + 100 * 141.6 = 141.6 + 35.4 = Rs.177
But, customer paid Rs.15045,

Customer paid Rs.177 when CP for manufacturer was Rs.100

15045∗100
∴ Customer paid Rs.15045 when CP for manufacturer = = Rs.8500
177

So option (b) is correct.

23. According to question,

7 10 1
% reduction in Sales tax = 2 − =6
3

1
∴ Reduction in marked price at 8400 = 8400 * 6∗100 = Rs.14

So option (c) is correct.

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 24. SP = Rs.5000
1 100
Profit = 119 % = %
9
5000∗100
CP = 100 = Rs.4500
100+
9

Discount = 5000 – 4500 = Rs.500

500
Discount % = 5000 * 100 = 10 %
So option (a) is correct.

25. Let CP be Rs.1 per gm.

While purchasing, he pays Rs.1000 & gets 1200 gms.

1000 5
Effective CP per gm = 1200 = Rs. 6

Let SP be Rs.1 per gm.

While selling, he charges Rs.1000 for 800 gms.

1000 5
Effective SP per gm = =4
800

5 5 15−10 5
Profit = 4 - 6 = = Rs.12
12

5 6
Profit % = 12 * 5 * 100 = 50 %

So option (b) is correct.

26. The selling price of each vehicle is ₹1897

So the ratio of the selling price in both the cases must be the same.
3
On first vehicle there is a profit of 42.84 % which is 7 and

1
on the second vehicle there is a loss of 6.25 % which is again 16

So,

CP₁ = 7 CP₂ = 16

P₁ = 3 L₂ = -1

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 SP₁ = 7 + 3 = 10 SP₂ = 16 - 1 = 15

But according to the question the Selling price of both the items must be the same.

So take lcm of two SPs in order to satisfy the condition.

CP₁ = 21 CP₂ = 32

P₁ = 9 L₂ = -2

SP₁ = 30 SP₂ = 30

So,

There will be a net profit which is

Profit = 9 - 2 = 7

Total Cost price of the both vehicles is:

CP = 21 + 32 = 53
7
∴ Profit % = 53 * 100 = 13.20 %

So option (c) is correct.

27. 150 pens for Rs.1000 i.e. Total CP = Rs.1000.

1 pen free for every 9 pens.
∴ He can sell 135 pens.
SP of each pen = Rs.10 and discount = 20%
∴ SP = Rs.8.
Total SP = 135 * 8 = 1080
80
Profit % = 1000 * 100 = 8%
So option (a) is correct.

28. Let MP of the article be Rs. x.

90 9𝑥
∴ SP of the article = x * 100 = Rs.10

9𝑥 100 9𝑥 3𝑥
∴ CP of the article = 10 * 150 = 15 = Rs. 5

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 75 3𝑥
Now, new SP of the article = x * 100 = Rs. 4

3𝑥 3𝑥 3𝑥
New profit = - = Rs. 20
4 5

3𝑥
20
Hence, profit % = 3𝑥 * 100 = 25 %
5
So option (a) is correct.

29. CP of 40000 apples = 40000 * 7 = Rs.2,80,000

30
30% of apples are spoilt so the remaining apples = 40,000 - 40,000 * 100

= 40,000 - 12,000

= 28,000 apples

Mr. Singh have to sell remaining apples at 25% profit.

125
SP = 280000 * 100 = Rs.350000

Hence, Mr. Singh will have to sell the remaining apples at ₹3,50,000

In order to gain a profit of 25%.

350000
Selling Price of each apple = = Rs.12.5
28000

So option (d) is correct.

30. Let the MP of the trouser = Rs. x

Rate of discount = 40%

40 2𝑥
Discount = 40% of x = 100 * x = Rs. 5

Now, 40 % discount on MP of trouser enables a man to buy a shirt of Rs.320.

2𝑥
So, according to question, = 320
5

∴ x = Rs.800

Now, Marked price of the trouser = Rs.800

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 Selling price of the trouser = Marked price - Discount

= 800 - 320

= Rs.480

Thus he paid 480 for the trouser.

So option (a) is correct.

31. Let the market price be Rs. x

Two successive discounts of 30% and 50% are given.

30 7
Cost after first discount = x - * x = Rs. x
100 10

7𝑥 50 7𝑥 350𝑥 7𝑥
Cost after second discount = 10 - 100 * 10 = 1000 = Rs.20

We are given that the selling price is Rs.448

7𝑥
So, 20 = 448

∴ x = Rs.1280

Hence The marked price is Rs.1280

So option (b) is correct.

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