Use the Mole Concept to Express Mass of a Substance

Hi!
 Learning Objectives:

▪ differentiate molecular unit from formula unit and

compute for the molecular mass
▪ define mole and calculate for the number of moles
of given compounds
▪ compute for the number of particles given the mass
or no. of moles
▪ convert number of moles, mass, and number of
particles from one unknown to another
MOLE CONCEPT 1

4
 Contact 1

3
PAIR DOZEN REAM

4
 M
HOW WE MEASURE ENTITIES?

MASS- GRAMS
T

VOLUME - LITRES X

DISTANCE -METRES
Music T

F
MOLE CONCEPT 1

4
 M
How to measure atoms or molecules of
such smaller magnitude?
T
• Just as we denote 1 Dozen for 12 items, it can be anything

12 eggs-I Dozen
X
12 banana-I Dozen
12 bangles- 1 Dozen

• Similarly mole is used to count entities on the microscopic level

T

i.e. atoms/ molecules/ ions/ particles etc.)

F
 M
Define moles

One mole is the amount

of substance that X
Here 6.02 x
1023 is
the
contains as many
Avogadro number or
entities or particles as Avogadro constant
there are present in 12 T
g of C-12 atom which is
exactly equal to 6.02 x
1023 particles. F
 M
Relative atomic mass

T
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday

10 - 12h Lesson 1 Lesson 1 Lesson 1

X
13 - 15h Lesson 2 Lesson 1 Lesson 2 Lesson 1 Lesson 2

16 - 18h Lesson 2 Lesson 3 Lesson 2 Lesson 3

T

18 - 20h Lesson 3 Lesson 4

F
Why C-12 is used as relative atomic mass (atomic weight) 1

• Atomic weights are an average of the relative 2

masses of all of the isotopes of the given element.
• The number of C-12 atoms in exactly 12.00 g
of C-12 is 6.02 X 1023
3
• So C-12 is used as relative atomic mass in
calculation of Avogadro number

4
 M
What is Avogadro number / Avogadro constant?

F
MOLE CONCEPT 1

4
 M
How we calculated Avogadro constant?

Mass of a C-12 atom=1.99x 10-23 g ( determined by mass spectrometer)

T

Knowing that one mole of the carbon atom weighs 12g,

the number of atoms in it is equal to :

X

Math T

F
M

F
How many moles are 2.80 x 1024 atoms of silicon?
How many atoms are 0.360 moles of Al?
How many grams are in 5.83 x 1023 molecules of
calcium sulfide?
 MOLE CONCEPT 1

Jenna Doe 2

Mercury
IONIC is the closest planet
COVALENT
to the Sun and the smallest
IONIC
one in the Solar System
COVALENT
IONIC
3

4
Formula Mass vs. Molecular Mass 1

In the previous module you learned that the subscript

in a formula of a compound represents the number of
atoms of the representative elements in the 2
compound.
Knowing the type of bond formed by some compounds
will help us to differentiate formula mass from
molecular mass. 3

Formula mass is used for compounds that are made up

of ions and have primarily ionic bonding and molecular
mass is used for compounds that are composed of
molecules and have primarily covalent bonding. 4
Formula Mass vs. Molecular Mass 1

Formula mass or molecular mass is

defined as the mass in grams of a 2

mole of a substance.
It is the sum of the atomic masses (in
3
amu) in the molecule.
One mole of a substance is equal to
its formula mass expressed in grams. 4
Formula Mass vs. Molecular Mass 1

4
 Steps in solving for the formula mass of a M
compound

Lesson 1 Lesson 2 Lesson 3

X
Neptune is the Saturn is composed Venus has a beautiful
fourth-largest planet mostly of hydrogen name, but terribly
in the Solar System and helium high temperatures
T

F
 M
Solve this!

What is the molecular mass or T

formula mass of the following:

X

1. H2O
T

2. H3PO4
F
 M
Molar mass

F
 M
TRY THIS!

Lesson 1 Lesson 2
Saturn is composed of Despite being red, Mars
hydrogen and helium is a cold place X

T
Lesson 3 Lesson 4
Venus is the second Neptune is the farthest
planet from the Sun planet from the Sun
F
 M
Wednesday

Culture T

F
 M
Molar Mass

F
The diagram demonstrates the relationship among the mass, number of M
particles, number of moles of the different substances.

F
 M

Percent T

Composition F
 M
Percent composition

The mass of each element in a compound T

compared to the total mass of the

compound multiplied by 100 percent is X
called the percentage composition of the
compound.
Hence, the percentage composition of a T
compound tells you the percentage of the
mass made up by each element in a
compound. F
 M
Try this

T
Egg Pepper

Tomato Cheese

F

Percentage composition
explains the ratio between the
mass of each element per 100
mass units of compound.
Percentage composition can be
computed with the general
formula:
M
Steps in solving the percentage
composition T
1. Solve for the mass of the
compound
2. Divide the mass of each
element with the mass of the X
compound
3. The quotient will be multiplied
by 100 to get the percentage
composition of each element T

F
 M
Percent composition

T
Saturn Street

Neptune Street X

Venus Street

T
Mars Street

F
What is the percent composition of Sodium hydrogen M
carbonate?

F
Calculate the percentage composition of Aluminum M
hydroxide, a gastric antacid.

F
 M
Empirical formula and Molecular formula

• NaCl, CO2 , H2O is the simplest formula of common T

compounds. They are called empirical formula.
• Empirical formula or simplest formula gives the
smallest whole number ratio of atoms that make up X
the compound but we can also solve for the actual
number of atoms present in one molecule of a

Science
compound and this called its molecular formula.
T
• Molecular formula is the true formula and shows
the actual number of atoms of each element
present in one molecule of the compound.
F
Steps to calculate the empirical formula of a M
compound

T
1. Start with the number of grams of each
element, given in the problem
2. Convert the mass of each element to
X
moles using the molar mass from the
periodic table
3. Divide each mole value by the smallest
number of moles calculated T
4. Round off to the nearest whole number.
This is the mole ratio of the elements
F
Steps to calculate the molecular formula, the molecular weight of the M
compound is needed

T
1. Determine the empirical formula
2. Add all the relative masses of the atom in
an empirical formula
X
3. Divide this number into the molecular
weight to obtain the multiple
4. Multiply the number of atoms of each
element in the empirical formula by this T
multiple

F
 M
Example

F
 M
Example

F
 M
Example

F
 M
Example

F
 M
TRY THIS

A compound is found to contain 26.56% potassium, T

35.41% chromium, and the remainder oxygen.
Find its empirical formula.
X

F
 M
TRY THIS

A 170.00 g sample of an unidentified compound T

contains 29.84 g sodium, 67.49 g chromium,
and 72.67 g oxygen. Find the empirical formula.
X

F
 M
TRY THIS

Determine the molecular formula of the compound T

with an empirical formula of CH and
a formula mass of 78.110
X

F
 M
REMINDERS

Answer module 6

Submission is on Saturday X

Quiz on Friday 4-6 pm

T
Assignment on gclassroom

F
 Thanks

CREDITS: This presentation template was created by Slidesgo, including icons

by Flaticon, and infographics & images by Freepik.

Please keep this slide for attribution.