nd

2 Quarter Health

Prevention of
Substance Use and
Abuse: Drug Scenario
in the Philippines
 Republic of the Philippines
Office of the President
PHILIPPINE DRUG ENFORCEMENT AGENCY
REPUBLIC ACT 9165

COMPREHENSIVE DANGEROUS DRUGS ACT OF

2002

❑ Signed June 7, 2002

❑ Published June 19, 2002

❑ Took effect July 4, 2002

PGMA signed RA 9165 on

June 7, 2002 and it took
effect on July 4, 2002.

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Re-organization of the
Philippine Drug
Enforcement System
Re-organization of …
The new Dangerous Drugs
Board (DDB) as the policy and
strategy formulating body.

Creation of …
The Philippine Drug
Enforcement Agency (PDEA) as
its implementing arm.
4
 Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency

❑ A regular law
enforcement agency.
❑ Implementing arm of
the DDB.
❑ Responsible for efficient
and effective law
enforcement of all
provisions on any
dangerous drug and/or
controlled precursor and
essential chemicals.
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 WHY SHOULD WE AVOID
DANGEROUS DRUGS

Illegal – Prohibited by law (RA 9165)

1
2 Health – Damages our brain and body

3 Psycho-social – Destroys one’s behavior

and causes one to commit crime

4 Spiritual – Against the will of God

 Therefore,
drug abuse
is
everybody’s
 WHAT IS DRUG
☑ A drug is a chemical substance
that brings about physical,
emotional or behavioral change
in a person taking it.

☑ Is any substance other

than food or water that is
intended to be taken
administered or for
purpose of the
altering,
sustaining or controlling
the recipients physical,
mental or emotional state. 8
 WHAT IS DRUG
A B U SE
Drug abu licit
substance, se oris th e useof
illicit, any to
resulting
chemical physical,
individual’s mental, or social
impairment.

It may refer to any of the following practices:

•Using, without benefit or prescription, useful drugs
which have the capacity to alter the mood or behavior.
•Using drugs and substances for a purpose different from
the one from which the drug has been prescribed.
•Using drugs and substances having no legitimate medical
application or purposes other than research.
9
 PROFILE OF DRUG USERS
as per DDB (Facility Based) CY 2008
❖ SEX: Ratio of male to female is 9:1
❖ CIVIL STATUS: Single 56.94%
❖ EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT: High School level 30.62%
❖ STATUS OF EMPLOYMENT : Unemployed (32.82%)
❖ PLACE OF RESIDENCE: Urban (Specifically NCR)
❖ DURATION OF DRUG – TAKING: More than six (6) years
❖ NATURE OF DRUG – TAKING : Poly drug use

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 A.
ORIGIN
Natural - anythin
that comes from g
nature.

Plants (Marijuana)

Synthetic - anything that

i produced artificially or
processed in the
Ecstasy Shabu laboratory.
CLASSIFICATION

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 Pharmacological
Classifications of
Drugs

STIMULANTS
DEPRESSANTS

HALLUCINOGENS
 1. Stimulants
□ Also known as “uppers”
□ Any of a group of drugs that excite the
central nervous system. It increase alertness,
alleviate fatigue, reduce hunger and provide
a feeling of well-being.
□ Ex. Cocaine, Methamphetamine (SHABU)
 2. Depressant
❑ also called as “downers” or “barbs”
❑ any drug or chemical that decreases the activity of
any bodily function. The term is most often used to
refer to drugs that reduce the activity of the
central nervous system
Ex: Sedatives, Sleeping Pills, Tranquilizers
 3.
❖
Hallucinogens
Also called “psychedelics”
❖ First developed as appetite suppressant
❖ Any natural or synthetic psychoactive drugs
that produce marked distortion of the senses and
changes in perception

Ex: MJ, LSD, Ecstasy, Ketamine

16
MOST ABUSED DRUGS
DRUGS OF ABUSE

18
 CONTENTS OF SHABU
• Ephedrine - (Classified as Dangerous Drugs)
Main ingredient of Shabu causing brain damage
• Toluene – Chemical used for paints, adhesives, etc.
• Acetone – Nail cleaner
• Lithium Batteries – Cancer causing component
• Battery Acid – Corrosive chemical
• Drain Cleaner – Liquid Soap
• Hydrochloric Acid – (Muriatic Acid)
• Chloroform – Cancer causing solvent
Produces anxiety, tension, irritability, irrational
behavior, talkativeness, and loss of self- control.
• Results in loss of appetite and inability to sleep.
• Euphoria, elation.
•Can lead to acute psychotic reactions, violent and
destructive behavior and recklessness that may
result in accidents.
•Includes chest pain, irregularity of heart beat,
elevated or lowered blood pressure, evidence of
weight loss, convulsion and death from cardiac
arrest.
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Prolonged use or even a
single exposure,
especially if
administrated intravenously,
can lead to manifestations
of a full blown
“psychosis” which is
similar to
schizophrenia characterized
bythe presence of paranoid 21
 FACES OF METH
THERESA BAXTER

June 2001 3 years, 5 months later

www.yahoo.com/facesofmeth
22
 FACES OF METH
PERRY BENNETT

AUGUST 1996 4 YEARS LATER

www.yahoo.com/facesofmeth
23
 FACES OF METH

JULY 2003 17 MONTHS LATER

JENNIFER LUNDGREN
www.yahoo.com/facesofmeth
24
 FACES OF METH
JOSEPH HARRIS

DECEMBER 1999 3 MONTHS LATER

www.yahoo.com/facesofmeth
25
FACES OF METH

26
FACES OF METH

27
FACES OF METH

28
FACES OF METH

29
30
BRAIN OF DRUG ABUSER

31
Normal Person’s Brain Drug User’s Brain

CT SCAN COMPARISON OF BRAIN ACTIVITY 32

32
Meth “BUGS”

33
Meth “BUGS”

34
TEETH OF DRUG ABUSER

35
Celebrities Who
Used Dangerous
Drugs
www.yahoo.com/cnn-news

36
GUESS WHO?
 Whitney Elizabeth Houston
www.yahoo.com/cnn-news

Born August 9, 1963, she is an American pop and R&B singer, actress, film producer,
record producer, songwriter, and former fashion model. Her crossover success opened
doors for other African Americans, particularly women, to be equally successful in pop
music and showbiz. She has frequently been referred to as "The Voice". 38
Whitney Houston
On September 12, 2002 at Malibu, California, the 61 year old actor was
arrested for being under the influence of drugs after his Mercedes-Benz car
was seen swerving on a highway near his home. The movie star pleaded
no contest to driving under the influence of drugs (DUI).

www.yahoo.com/cnn-news
40
 Nick Nolte
www.yahoo.com/cnn-news

1991 - Los Angeles Film Critics Association: Best Actor, The Prince of Tides
1991 - Golden Globe: Best Actor in a Motion Picture (Drama), The Prince of
Tides
1992 - Chosen as People Magazine's Sexiest Man Alive
1998 - New York Film Critics Circle - Best Actor, Affliction
1998 - National Society of Film Critics - Best Actor, Affliction
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Nick Nolte
She was booked on felony charges of possession of cocaine and
transportation of narcotic - in addition to misdemeanor charges of
driving under the influence (DUI) and driving with a suspended
license.

www.yahoo.com/cnn-news
43
 Lindsay
Lohan

Born on July 2, 1986, she is an American actress and pop music singer. Lohan started
in show business as a child fashion model for magazine advertisements and television
commercials.
44
Lindsay Lohan
In February 2003, she was arrested in Malibu, California and charged with
possession of heroin while driving with a suspended driver's license
 Nicole Richie
www.yahoo.com/cnn-news

Born September
21, 1981, she is an
American socialite,
actress, television
personality, author,
model, and singer.
The daughter of
Lionel Richie, she
is known for her
role in the reality
show The Simple
Life and her
turbulent personal
Nicole Richie
 Drugs of
Abuse
No. 2
Marijuana
orCannabis
Sativa
✓ Hallucinations/illusions ✓ Severe irritation of the nasal
passages that leads to frequent nose
✓ Faster heart beat and pulse rate
bleeding
✓ Bloodshot Eye/blurred vision/Rapid
✓ Renal damages, heart disease and
Eye Movement (REM)
✓ Dry mouth and throat strokes
✓ Forgetfulness/inability to think ✓ Psychiatric consequences
✓ Altered sense of time/ ✓ Gateway drug that may lead to
disorientation poly-drug use.
✓ Impaired reflexes coordination and
concentration
✓ Acute panic anxiety reaction
✓ “Food-trip” & sleepiness (MJ)
The 21 year old actress was arrested for suspicion of driving under the
influence of alcohol , possession of marijuana and a controlled
substance, and driving without a valid license on December 27, 2007

51
MISCHA BARTON

Born on January 24,

1986, she is an
award-winning
actress. Perhaps
best known for her
role as Marissa
Cooper in the
American television
series The O.C..

52
Mischa Barton
Was nabbed in
for possession
Oklahoma of
marijuana and two
controlled dangerous
(Xanax
substances
sleeping pills)and
for which he
did not have a
prescription. The
bleary-eyed actor,
posed for
Oklahoma County 24, the
Sheriffs
Office mug shot below
following
a traffic stop of his buddy’s
car in September 2004. 54
55
Macaulay Culkin
 Drugs of
No. 3
Abuse
Inhalants
☑ Volatile chemical substances
that contains psycho-active
(mind/mood altering) vapors
producing a state of intoxication.
Ex: Glue and Adhesive Cement
/ Rugby / Super Glue / Thinner

57
 IMMEDIATE EFFECTS
• Prone to bleeding and bruises
• Loss of memory
• Difficulty in learning and seeing things clearly
• Loss of bodily control
• Cramps, pains and bad cough

LONG TERM EFFECT

• Permanent damage to brain, liver and kidneys

WITHDRAWAL SYMPTOMS
• Anxiety, depression and irritability
• Aggressive behavior
• Dizziness, shaking and nausea
Other Drugs of Abuse

59
 SLEEPING PILLS
BENZODIAZEPINES –
commonly known as
tranquilizers and sleeping pills.
They are classified as short,
medium and long acting. This
relates to the length of the
drug action in the body.
Length of action can also be
influenced by the health of a
person’s liver, age and weight.
A.K.A. Valium, Ativan, Nubain,
etc.
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Heath Ledger
Hollywood Actor

www.yahoo.com/cnn-news
died from an overdose of sleeping pills

www.yahoo.com/cnn-news
 WHAT IS TOBACCO
☑Tobacco means the curved
leaves of the tobacco
“nicotiana plant
tobacu” which
contains a very potent
ingredient called nicotine.

63
Important active ingredients which is a very
addictive and toxic (poisonous) substance.

Substance left behind on thefilter by

the
tobacco smoke, known to be
associated with cancer strong and
aggravates
bronchial and other respiratory diseases

Gaseous product of
incomplete combustion it is
also known as a
poisonous emission
from the exhaust of
oxygenvehicles,
motor in the blood
which in effect 64
 CIGARETTE CONTENTS
• Ammonia – used to clean bathrooms
• Cadmium – component of car battery
• Carbon Monoxide – from car / factory exhaust
• Nicotine – used as a mixture in insecticide
• Tar – ingredients for asphalt
• Vinyl Chloride – used for plastic manufacture
• Cyanide – poison gas used by Hitler in his
concentration camps
• DDT – used to kill cockroach
• Formaldehyde (Formalin) – used for
embalming

65
 Contents of Cigarette

acetic acid, methane (sewer gas), arsenic (poison), carbon monoxide,

rocket fuel, paint, toilet cleaner (ammonia), insecticide, Industrial
solvent, candle wax, cadmium (batteries), butane (lighter fluid)
✓ Smelly breath, hair ✓ Sickness
and clothes
✓ Stained teeth and ✓ Heart Attack
fingers ✓ Cancer
✓ Increase heart rate,
✓ Bronchitis and Emphysema
breathing rate and
blood pressure ✓ Ulcers
✓ Reduced blood ✓ Infertility
supply to extremities
(hands and feet
because the blood
constricted)
vessel are
✓ Stimulated central
nervous system
✓ Smoking exposes
“the smokers” and
others to health risks
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EFFECT on the
LUNGS
Normal Affected
Republic O. 9211 - KnO n as TObaccO RegulafiiOn Acf
Of 2003
Acfi (Signed into law in June 23, 2003) i
Prohibited Acts:
• Allowing minors to man stalls selling tobacco product (s)
• Selling tobacco products to a minor (under 18 years of age)
• For a minor to smoke cigarettes or any tobacco products
• Selling of Tobacco products within 100 meters from
playgrounds, schools and all youth facilities

• Cigarette vending machine within the place mentioned

• Smoking in public places and public transportation
• tobacco sponsorship restricted to activities for those "18 and above“
beginning July 1, 2006
• no tobacco ad on TV, Cable TV and radio since January I, 2007
• no tobacco ads outdoors and in cinemas beginning July 1, 2007
• no tobacco ads in all mass media beginning July 1, 2008
• no tobacco sponsorship of all sports, concert, cultural, and art events
beginning July 1, 2008
69
WHAT IS
ALCOHOL
□ Alcohol is a powerful drug. Alcoholic drinks contain
the drug “ethanol” (ethyl alcohol). It is a toxic and
poisonous drug. It poisons the body if taken in large
quantities simply or in combination with other drugs.
□ Alcohol damages all the major organs of the body.
Alcohol is a depressant drug, not a stimulant as
erroneously believed. Pure alcohol is colorless and
tasteless. Alcoholic drinks vary in color and taste
because of the ingredients used to flavor them.
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71
73
 Family Problems

Parents who always quarrel in front

of the children.

Irresponsible parents who don’t

have time for their children.
 Peer Pressure/Curiosity

BAD Influence by
friends.
Weak Personality, Desire to
Escape From Reality

Lack of self-confidence
and inferiority complex.
 COMMON
SIGNS
OF
DRUG ABUSE
Stealing items which can be readily sold for cash (to
support a drug habit)
 Changes in Mood – depending on the drug taken.
Example: depressed or becoming elated and euphoric.
Association with known drug abusers
Change from normal capabilities
(work habits, efficiency, etc.)
Change in attendance at work or school
 Wearing sunglasses constantly at inappropriate
times (for instance, indoors or at night) or only to
hide dilated or constricted pupils but also to
compensate for the eyes’ inability to adjust to
sunlight. Marijuana causes bloodshot eyes.
 Poor physical appearance, including
inattention to dress and personal hygiene
 WHICH ONE

RIP
(Death)
NBP
(Prison)
NMH
(Mental Hospital) 94