SUBJECT: CREATIVE WRITING
TEACHER: JEREMAY ROSE BULAWAN JARITO-LIM
Differences between Academic Writing from the other Forms of Writing
Academic Writing
a. a.Purpose To inform, to argue and
persuade
b. b.Subject Matter Various topics related to any
academic paper ,to investigate
knowledge and to challenge
concepts
c. c.Language Concise and formal
d. d.Point of View Uses 3rd person point of view
(he/she, they, the writer, the
proponent
e.Tone Objective , concise and formal
f.Sample outputs/ Thesis, dissertations
genre Abstract ,research paper
Technical Writing
It explains the writer’s message
to get an audience’s response or
action, gives instructions, serves
for decision making
Related to science, trade,
business and technology,
depends on factual
documentation
Uses specialized vocabulary or
jargon
Uses 3rd person point of view
(he/she, they, the writer, the
proponent
It is objective and impersonal
Memorandum, feasibility study,
business letter
Expressive Writing Expository Writing
Its goal is to express
one’s feelings through
narration and
description
Emotional response to a
personal experience
( incident, place, person,
etc.)
Flippant,
conversational , informal devoid of slang, contractions
1st, 2nd,3rd person point
of view
It is subjective and
personal
Journal, diary entries
Persuasive Writing Creative writing
Its goal is to explain and Its goal is to sway the Its purpose is to
therefore reveals the audience’s emotional entertain and arouse
writer’s knowledge of a attitude toward a topic the reader’s emotions
subject as well as impart a
lesson
Various topic treated The writer’s stand on any Man’s life and
analytically controversy or debatable intricacies of the
issues human heart
Formal usage of language, Factual and built around Uses figurative
reasoning patterns language and
and abbreviations symbolism
1st, 2nd,3rd person point of 1st person point of view 1st, 2nd, 3rd person point
view of view
Objective, impersonal and Combination of subjective, Subjective and
analytical and personal and personal
analytical
Essays, documented paper Editorials Poetry, short story,
novel
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SUBJECT: CREATIVE WRITING
TEACHER: JEREMAY ROSE BULAWAN JARITO-LIM
Genres of Creative Writing
Poetry- Poetry includes writing meant to be heard out loud as well as
read on the page. Although poetry can take many forms, its foundation is built on a
balance of rhythm, imagery, metaphor, and other techniques used to communicate
abstract ideas to readers. Poems may be structured (haikus, and sonnets),
unstructured (free verse), or even appear to read as a narrative (prose poems).
Prose- Prose is a form of language that has no formal metrical structure.
It applies a natural flow of speech, and ordinary grammatical structure, rather than
rhythmic structure, such as in the case of traditional poetry.
a. Fiction: fiction genre includes all works conceived
primarily out of the writer’s imagination. Although fiction may include some
elements of reality (names of real-life towns or natural phenomena), it relies on
make-believe events to drive plots that often parallel, rather than recite, real-life
circumstances. Some examples of fiction form are the novel, short story, or novella.
Novel- The novel is one of the more common works of
fiction that we encounter. A novel often involves multiple major characters, sub-
plots, conflicts, points of view, and twists. Due to its considerable length, a novel is
meant to be read over a period of days. The plot moves forward through many
characters, actions, thoughts, time periods, and situations. The reader often feels
that the story deviates and is affected by the involvement of different sub-stories
and sub-plots, by the passage of time, or by the involvement of new important
characters– this is considered the real beauty of a novel.
Novelettes- A novelette is also a narrative fictional prose.
Back in the day, the term "novelette" referred to a story that was romantic or
sentimental in character. To be honest, in modern times, the term is rarely used,
and novelettes are rarely published singly.
A novelette is longer than a short story, but shorter than a novella. The word count
is usually between 7,500 words to 17,500 words.
Short Stories- 3,500 - 7,500 Words
The most important difference between a short story, novelette, novella,
and a novel is the word count. An average short story usually has at least 3,500
words and no more than 7,500. Traditionally, short stories were meant to be read
in a single sitting. They are usually published individually in magazines and then
collected and published in anthologies.
A short story is one of the most common forms of writing. It is often used to
describe a single event, a single episode, or a tale of one particular character. A
short story does not usually involve major twists and conflicts, and involvement of
various sub-plots and multiple characters is not common. A short story is basically
fictional prose, written in a narrative style. However, the narrative style may either
be first person or third, or whichever the author chooses.
b. Creative Nonfiction- is a genre of creative writing that treats
factual material in a literary manner. It applies techniques drawn from literary
fiction and poetry to content that might be at home in a magazine or textbook. Also
known as literary nonfiction, narrative nonfiction, and verfabula, it’s both
stylish and accurate. At its very best, CNF marries the technical virtuosity of a well-
crafted novel with the fact-checked rigor of reporting.
Diary-
Memoir-
Personal Essay
Biographies
What Are the Elements of Creative Nonfiction?
Because creative nonfiction is still nonfiction, there are important criteria that a
piece of writing must meet in order to be considered part of this genre.
The writing must include:
 Facts: Creative nonfiction must be rooted in facts. No part of the story can be
made up or fabricated.
 Extensive research: Both primary and secondary sources should be used
throughout the research process. It is the writer’s responsibility to conduct
extensive research for the most accurate narrative possible.
 Reporting: The writer should use said research to accurately document events or
personal experiences.
 Personal experiences or opinions: Though this is not a requirement, personal
experiences or the opinions of others can help create a more complete picture.
 Exposition or explanations: The topic or experience(s) presented should be
explained to the reader.
In order to build a narrative around a set of facts, creative nonfiction uses a set of
elements that we usually associate with fiction.
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 SUBJECT: CREATIVE WRITING
TEACHER: JEREMAY ROSE BULAWAN JARITO-LIM
These can include, but are not limited to:
 Storytelling/narration: Unlike a straightforward historical report,
nonfiction should be told like a story, meaning that inciting incidents, goals,
challenges, turning points, and resolutions are present.
 Characters: Every creative nonfiction piece should have a main “character,” even
though they must be real and accurately presented. In a memoir, for example, the
narrator is typically the protagonist.
 Setting/Scene development: The setting should be brought to life with vivid
descriptions and scenes filled with action and dialogue.
 Plot structure: The story should have a plot, with key events that make up the
story. There might be one event in a personal essay, or several significant events
and turning points, as is common in memoirs.
 Figurative language: Figures of speech, such as similes or metaphors, can be
used to create an interesting work of creative nonfiction.
 Imagery: A skillful use of imagery is essential in creative nonfiction in order to
bring important scenes alive for the readers.
 Point of view: Point of view is important in this genre, as it affects the entire
storytelling process. Most often, these stories are told in the first person (using “I”
to narrate firsthand experiences and events).
 Dialogue: Dialogue can really help build the narrative and develop scenes. Rather
than reporting with “he said/she said”, including scenes with dialogue helps to
place the reader directly in the scene.
 Theme: Every essay and story should have a theme, or central idea that ties the
whole work together. This can also be considered the main “message” of your
work.
DRAMA- Drama is a mode of fictional representation
through dialogue and performance. It is one of the literary genres, which is an
imitation of some action. Drama is also a type of a play written for theater,
creative television, radio, and film.
Let us consider a few popular types of drama:
 Comedy – Comedies are lighter in tone than ordinary works, and provide
a happy conclusion. The intention of dramatists in comedies is to make
their audience laugh. Hence, they use quaint circumstances, unusual
characters, and witty remarks.
 Tragedy – Tragic dramas use darker themes, such as disaster, pain, and
death. Protagonists often have a tragic flaw — a characteristic that leads
them to their downfall.
 Farce – Generally, a farce is a nonsensical genre of drama, which often
overacts or engages slapstick humor.
 Melodrama – Melodrama is an exaggerated drama, which is sensational
and appeals directly to the senses of the audience. Just like the farce, the
characters are of a single dimension and simple, or may be stereotyped.
 Musical Drama – In musical dramas, dramatists not only tell their stories
through acting and dialogue, but through dance as well as music. Often
the story may be comedic, though it may also involve serious subjects.
Examples of Drama in Literature
Example #1: Much Ado About Nothing (By William Shakespeare)
Much Ado About Nothing is the most frequently performed
Shakespearian comedy in modern times. The play is romantically funny, in that
love between Hero and Claudio is laughable, as they never even get a single
chance to communicate on-stage until they get married.
Their relationship lacks development and depth. They end up merely as
caricatures, exemplifying what people face in life when their relationships are
internally weak. Love between Benedick and Beatrice is amusing, as initially their
communications are very sparky, and they hate each other. However, they all of
sudden make up, and start loving each other.
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SUBJECT: CREATIVE WRITING
TEACHER: JEREMAY ROSE BULAWAN JARITO-LIM
Example #2: Oedipus Rex (By Sophocles) author creates melodrama towards the end, when Catherine teaches a lesson to
Morris, and leaves him instead.
Tragedy:

Sophocles’ mythical and immortal drama Oedipus Rex is thought to be his best
classical tragedy. Aristotle has adjudged this play as one of the greatest examples
of tragic drama in his book, Poetics, by giving the following reasons:

 The play arouses emotions of pity and fear, and achieves the
tragic Catharsis.
 It shows the downfall of an extraordinary man of high rank, Oedipus.
 The central character suffers due to his tragic error called Hamartia; as he
murders his real father, Laius, and then marries his real mother, Jocasta.
 Hubris is the cause of Oedipus’ downfall.

Example #3: The Importance of Being Earnest (By Oscar Wilde)

Farce:

Oscar Wilde’s play, The Importance of Being Earnest, is a very popular example of
Victorian farce. In this play, a man uses two identities: one as a serious person,
Jack (his actual name), which he uses for Cesily, his ward, and as a rogue named
Ernest for his beloved woman, Gwendolyn.

Unluckily, Gwendolyn loves him partially because she loves the name Ernest. It is
when Jack and Earnest must come on-stage together for Cesily, then Algernon
comes in to play Earnest’ role, and his ward immediately falls in love with the other
“Ernest.” Thus, two young women think that they love the same man – an
occurrence that amuses the audience.

Example #4: The Heiress (By Henry James)

Melodrama:

The Heiress is based on Henry James’ novel the Washington Square. Directed for
stage performance by William Wyler, this play shows an ungraceful and homely
daughter of a domineering and rich doctor. She falls in love with a young man,
Morris Townsend, and wishes to elope with him, but he leaves her in the lurch. The