MADRIAGA, AARON T.

BSME 1
GIT_3130

Research on:
1. What is the function of an Operating System?
The operating system (OS) on the computer is responsible for controlling all of the
hardware and software. The majority of the time, multiple programs are running
simultaneously on your computer, all of which require access to the CPU, RAM, and
storage. All of this is orchestrated by the operating system to guarantee that each
software receives the resources it requires. The most significant program running on a
computer is the operating system. In addition to overseeing all of the computer's
hardware and software, it also supervises the memory and processes. Additionally, it
enables communication with the computer even if you are not fluent in its language.
Computers are useless without an operating system.

2. Give at least 3-5 types of operating system. Understand and elaborate what are the
operating system's purpose?
• BATCH OPERATING SYSTEM
This kind of operating system does not directly communicate with the
computer. An operator groups together similar jobs that have the same criteria
into batches. The operator is in charge of grouping jobs with comparable
requirements.
• TIME-SHARING OPERATING SYSTEM
To ensure smooth operation, enough time is given for each task to be
completed. As long as they use the same system, each user receives CPU time.
They are also referred to as multitasking systems. The task may come from one
person or from several users. Quantum is the amount of time that each task has
to complete itself. When this period of time is up, OS moves on to the following
task.
• DISTRIBUTED OPERATING SYSTEM
These operating system types represent a more recent development in
computer technology and are rapidly gaining acceptance around the globe. A
shared communication network is used by numerous autonomous, connected
computers to communicate with one another. Each independent system has its
own CPU and memory. These are dispersed systems or loosely connected
systems. The processors in these systems vary in size and purpose. The main
 advantage of using these kinds of operating systems is that it is always possible
for one user to access files or software that are actually present on another
system connected to this network but not on his own system. This is possible
because remote access is enabled in the devices connected to that network.
• NETWROK OPERATING SYSTEM
These servers-based solutions enable management of data, users,
groups, security, applications, and other networking tasks. Over a small private
network, these operating systems enable shared access to files, printers,
security, programs, and other networking features. The fact that all users of
Network Operating Systems are fully aware of the underlying setup, of every
other user on the network, of their particular connections, etc. is another crucial
feature of these computers, which is why they are referred to as Tightly Coupled
Systems.
• REAL-TIME OPERATING SYSTEM
Real-time systems are served by these kinds of OSs. The amount of time
needed to process inputs and respond to them is relatively brief. Response time
is the term for this period of time. When there are extremely stringent time
constraints, such as with missile systems, air traffic control systems, robotics,
etc., real-time systems are used.

3. Why are operating systems designed to work only with a specific device/technology?
Since the operating system is the most important component of computer
software, operating systems are only intended to function with a specific device or
technology. It controls the computer's processes, memory, software, and hardware. The
several programs that are frequently running simultaneously occupy the computer's
CPU, memory, and storage. Everything needs to be organized, and the operating
system is in charge of making sure that each program has access to what it needs.

4. What is the IPO Process? How is it related to computers?

An approach that is frequently used in systems analysis and software
engineering to describe the structure of an information processing program or another
process is the input-process-output (IPO) model. This is frequently presented as the
most fundamental framework for defining a process in introductory programming and
systems analysis texts. IPO explains how computers work. They accept input, such as
what a user transmits to a device used for input (keyboard or other). The data is then
processed by the computer. Finally, a device for output receives an output (monitor or
other).

5. What are the Pros and Cons of computers in the industry related to your field?
Computer use is more common among mechanical engineers than it is among
other physical scientists. Computers play a significant role in the design process, the
operation of robotics and manufacturing machinery, and the study of fluid, solid, and heat
transfer mechanics. Computers are incredibly useful and are continuously used in
mechanical engineering because many of these subjects are so mathematically difficult.
We merely use the computers; we are not the engineers who create them. On the other
hand, among the drawbacks of computers is that privacy might be violated, thus it's
important to safeguard the private and secret information kept on them. Impact on Labor
Force. Despite the fact that computers have increased productivity and generated
hundreds of thousands of new jobs, they also replace the skills of a large portion of the
workforce. Head injuries or diseases can result from extended or incorrect computer use,
which poses health risks.

REFERENCES:
GCFGLOBAL.https://edu.gcfglobal.org/en/computerbasics/understanding-operating-
systems/1/

COLLEGE OF
ENGINEERING.UMassDarthmouth.https://www.umassd.edu/engineering/mne/about/fac
ilities/computers/#:~:text=Mechanical%20Engineers%20use%20computers%20more,so
lid%20mechanics%20and%20heat%20transfer.

Unknown. Advantages And Disadvantages of Computer.

http://dinayok.blogspot.com/2014/11/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-
computer_13.html

GeeksforGeeks.Types of operating system. https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/types-of-

operating-systems/

Pressbooks.https://press.rebus.community/programmingfundamentals/chapter/input-
process-output-
model/#:~:text=The%20input%E2%80%93process%E2%80%93output%20(,structure%
20for%20describing%20a%20process.